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Sobanski N, Tuzson B, Scheidegger P, Looser H, Hüglin C, Emmenegger L. A High-Precision Mid-Infrared Spectrometer for Ambient HNO 3 Measurements. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 22:s22239158. [PMID: 36501859 PMCID: PMC9739400 DOI: 10.3390/s22239158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Revised: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Precise and accurate measurements of ambient HNO3 are crucial for understanding various atmospheric processes, but its ultra-low trace amounts and the high polarity of HNO3 have strongly hindered routine, widespread, direct measurements of HNO3 and restricted field studies to mostly short-term, localized measurement campaigns. Here, we present a custom field-deployable direct absorption laser spectrometer and demonstrate its analytical capabilities for in situ atmospheric HNO3 measurements. Detailed laboratory characterizations with a particular focus on the instrument response under representative conditions for tropospheric measurements, i.e., the humidity, spectral interference, changing HNO3 amount fractions, and air-sampling-related artifacts, revealed the key aspects of our method: (i) a good linear response (R2 > 0.98) between 0 and 25 nmol·mol−1 in both dry and humid conditions with a limit of detection of 95 pmol·mol−1; (ii) a discrepancy of 20% between the spectroscopically derived amount fractions and indirect measurements using liquid trapping and ion chromatography; (iii) a systematic spectral bias due to water vapor. The spectrometer was deployed in a three-week field measurement campaign to continuously monitor the HNO3 amount fraction in ambient air. The measured values varied between 0.1 ppb and 0.8 ppb and correlated well with the daily total nitrates measured using a filter trapping method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Sobanski
- Empa–Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Laboratory for Air Pollution and Environmental Technology, Überlandstrasse 129, 8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - Béla Tuzson
- Empa–Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Laboratory for Air Pollution and Environmental Technology, Überlandstrasse 129, 8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
- Correspondence:
| | - Philipp Scheidegger
- Empa–Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Laboratory for Air Pollution and Environmental Technology, Überlandstrasse 129, 8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
- Empa–Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Transport at Nanoscale Interfaces, Überlandstrasse 129, 8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - Herbert Looser
- Empa–Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Laboratory for Air Pollution and Environmental Technology, Überlandstrasse 129, 8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - Christoph Hüglin
- Empa–Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Laboratory for Air Pollution and Environmental Technology, Überlandstrasse 129, 8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - Lukas Emmenegger
- Empa–Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Laboratory for Air Pollution and Environmental Technology, Überlandstrasse 129, 8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
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Huey LG. Measurement of trace atmospheric species by chemical ionization mass spectrometry: speciation of reactive nitrogen and future directions. MASS SPECTROMETRY REVIEWS 2007; 26:166-84. [PMID: 17243143 DOI: 10.1002/mas.20118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Chemical ionization mass spectrometry (CIMS) has proven to be a powerful method for sensitive, fast time response (t approximately 1 sec) measurements of various atmospheric compounds with limits of detection (LOD) of the order of tens of pptv and lower. The rapid time response of CIMS is particularly well suited for airborne measurements and its application has largely grown out of airborne measurements in the stratosphere and upper troposphere. This work reviews some of the advances in CIMS technology that have occurred in the past decade. In particular, CIMS methods for selective measurement of reactive nitrogen species (e.g., HNO3, HO2NO2, PAN, and NH3) in the lower atmosphere (altitudes approximately 0-8 km) are described. In addition, recent developments in CIMS technology for the selective measurement of gas-phase hydroperoxides and aerosol chemical composition are briefly described.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Gregory Huey
- School of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA.
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Gamblin B, Toon OB, Tolbert MA, Kondo Y, Takegawa N, Irie H, Koike M, Ballenthin JO, Hunton DE, Miller TM, Viggiano AA, Anderson BE, Avery M, Sachse GW, Podolske JR, Guenther K, Sorenson C, Mahoney MJ. Nitric acid condensation on ice: 1. Non-HNO3constituent of NOYcondensing cirrus particles on upper tropospheric. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006. [DOI: 10.1029/2005jd006048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Bopp JC, Diken EG, Headrick JM, Roscioli JR, Johnson MA, Midey AJ, Viggiano AA. Determination of the CO3− bond strength via the resonant two-photon photodissociation threshold: Electronic and vibrational spectroscopy of CO3−∙Arn. J Chem Phys 2006; 124:174302. [PMID: 16689566 DOI: 10.1063/1.2183303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
We use a two-laser pump-probe technique coupled with messenger atom tagging to determine the bond energy of O(-) to CO(2) in the CO(3) (-) ion, a prevalent species in the upper atmosphere. In this technique, the argon-tagged ion is first electronically excited using a visible laser, then irradiated with a tunable near-infrared beam across the CO(2)...O(-) dissociation threshold while O(-) products are monitored. This method yields a bond energy of 2.79+/-0.05 eV, which is about 0.5 eV higher than previously reported. Combining this with the well-known heats of formation of O(-) and CO(2), 105.6 and -393.1 kJmol, respectively [Thermodynamic Properties of Individual Substances, edited by L. V. Gurvich, I. V. Veyts, and C. B. Alcock (Hemisphere, New York, 1989), Vol. 1 and CODATA Thermodynamic Tables, edited by O. Garvin, V. B. Parker, and J. H. J. White (Hemisphere, New York, 1987)], yields the CO(3) (-) heat of formation: DeltaH(0) (0)=-556.7+/-4.8 kJmol. The one-photon (i.e., linear) infrared and electronic spectra of CO(3) (-) are also presented and compared to those obtained previously. The one-photon electronic spectrum is nearly identical to two-photon spectra, implying that argon does not significantly perturb the ion or its symmetry. The infrared spectrum is drastically different than that obtained in an argon matrix, however, indicating that the ion is likely distorted in the matrix environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph C Bopp
- Sterling Chemistry Laboratory, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520-8107, USA
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Ballenthin JO, Thorn WF, Miller TM, Viggiano AA, Hunton DE, Koike M, Kondo Y, Takegawa N, Irie H, Ikeda H. In situ HNO
3
to NO
y
instrument comparison during SOLVE. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2003. [DOI: 10.1029/2002jd002136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J. O. Ballenthin
- Air Force Research Laboratory/Space Vehicles Directorate Hanscom Air Force Base Massachusetts USA
| | - W. F. Thorn
- Air Force Research Laboratory/Space Vehicles Directorate Hanscom Air Force Base Massachusetts USA
| | - T. M. Miller
- Air Force Research Laboratory/Space Vehicles Directorate Hanscom Air Force Base Massachusetts USA
| | - A. A. Viggiano
- Air Force Research Laboratory/Space Vehicles Directorate Hanscom Air Force Base Massachusetts USA
| | - D. E. Hunton
- Air Force Research Laboratory/Space Vehicles Directorate Hanscom Air Force Base Massachusetts USA
| | - M. Koike
- Department of Earth and Planetary Science, Graduate School of Science University of Tokyo Tokyo Japan
| | - Y. Kondo
- Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology University of Tokyo Tokyo Japan
| | - N. Takegawa
- Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology University of Tokyo Tokyo Japan
| | - H. Irie
- National Institute for Environmental Studies Tsukuba, Ibaraki Japan
| | - H. Ikeda
- Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology University of Tokyo Tokyo Japan
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de Gouw J, Warneke C, Karl T, Eerdekens G, van der Veen C, Fall R. Sensitivity and specificity of atmospheric trace gas detection by proton-transfer-reaction mass spectrometry. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MASS SPECTROMETRY 2003; 223-224:365-382. [PMID: 0 DOI: 10.1016/s1387-3806(02)00926-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
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Zondlo MA. Development and characterization of an airborne-based instrument used to measure nitric acid during the NASA Transport and Chemical Evolution over the Pacific field experiment. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2003. [DOI: 10.1029/2002jd003234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Rose WI, Gu Y, Watson IM, Yu T, Blut GJS, Prata AJ, Krueger AJ, Krotkov N, Carn S, Fromm MD, Hunton DE, Ernst GGJ, Viggiano AA, Miller TM, Ballenthin JO, Reeves JM, Wilson JC, Anderson BE, Flittner DE. The February–March 2000 eruption of Hekla, Iceland from a satellite perspective. VOLCANISM AND THE EARTH'S ATMOSPHERE 2003. [DOI: 10.1029/139gm07] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Viggiano AA, Hunton DE, Miller TM, Ballenthin JO. In situ measurements of hydrogen cyanide in the upper troposphere/lower stratosphere during Arctic spring 2000. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2002. [DOI: 10.1029/2001jd001033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A. A. Viggiano
- Air Force Research Laboratory; Space Vehicles Directorate; Hanscom Air Force Base Massachusetts USA
| | - D. E. Hunton
- Air Force Research Laboratory; Space Vehicles Directorate; Hanscom Air Force Base Massachusetts USA
| | - Thomas M. Miller
- Air Force Research Laboratory; Space Vehicles Directorate; Hanscom Air Force Base Massachusetts USA
| | - John O. Ballenthin
- Air Force Research Laboratory; Space Vehicles Directorate; Hanscom Air Force Base Massachusetts USA
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Furutani H. Development and characterization of a fast measurement system for gas-phase nitric acid with a chemical ionization mass spectrometer in the marine boundary layer. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2002. [DOI: 10.1029/2000jd000269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Neuman JA. Fast-response airborne in situ measurements of HNO3during the Texas 2000 Air Quality Study. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2002. [DOI: 10.1029/2001jd001437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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12
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Hunton DE, Ballenthin JO, Borghetti JF, Federico GS, Miller TM, Thorn WF, Viggiano AA, Anderson BE, Cofer WR, McDougal DS, Wey CC. Chemical ionization mass spectrometric measurements of SO2emissions from jet engines in flight and test chamber operations. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2000. [DOI: 10.1029/2000jd900383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Thompson AM, Singh HB, Schlager H. Introduction to special section: Subsonic Assessment Ozone and Nitrogen Oxide Experiment (SONEX) and Pollution From Aircraft Emissions in the North Atlantic Flight Corridor (POLINAT 2). ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2000. [DOI: 10.1029/2000jd900012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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