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Turbulent current sheet frozen in bursty bulk flow: observation and model. Sci Rep 2022; 12:15547. [PMID: 36109607 PMCID: PMC9478094 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-19266-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Utilizing four-point joint observations by Magnetospheric Multiscale Spacecraft (MMS), we investigate the main features of the current sheet frozen in (CSFI) the bursty bulk flow. Typical event on the steady long-lasting BBF on July 23, 2017 shows the enhanced dawn-dusk current (Jy0) in the CSFI (β ~ 10). The magnitude of the Jy0 in the CSFI is about 5.5 nA/m2. The CSFI is highly turbulent, with the ratio of ∆J/J0 of ~ 2 (where ∆J is perturbed J). The turbulent CSFI is characterized by intermittent current coherent structures. The magnitude of the spiky-J at coherent structures is typically above 30 nA/m2. Spectrum analysis exhibits that BBF turbulence follows distinct dissipation laws inside and outside the CSFI. Based on MMS observations, we propose a new model of the BBF in the framework of magnetohydrodynamics. In this model, the BBF is depicted as a closed plasma system with the localized current sheet frozen at the center of the flow (Taylor’s hypothesis). In the light of principle of Helmholtz-decomposition, the BBF motion in the tail plasma sheet is explained. The model also predicts the thermal expansion of the BBF after leaving the reconnection source region.
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Ohtani S, Motoba T, Gjerloev JW, Frey HU, Mann IR, Chi PJ, Korth H. New Insights Into the Substorm Initiation Sequence From the Spatio-Temporal Development of Auroral Electrojets. JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH. SPACE PHYSICS 2022; 127:e2021JA030114. [PMID: 35864908 PMCID: PMC9286795 DOI: 10.1029/2021ja030114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Revised: 04/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
In the present study we examine three substorm events, Events 1-3, focusing on the spatio-temporal development of auroral electrojets (AEJs) before auroral breakup. In Events 1 and 2, auroral breakup was preceded by the equatorward motion of an auroral form, and the ground magnetic field changed northward and southward in the west and east of the expected equatorward flow, respectively. Provided that these magnetic disturbances were caused by local ionospheric Hall currents, this feature suggests that the equatorward flow turned both eastward and westward as it reached the equatorward part of the auroral oval. The auroral breakup took place at the eastward-turning and westward-turning branches in Events 1 and 2, respectively, and after the auroral breakup, the westward AEJ enhanced only on the same side of the flow demarcation meridian. The zonal flow divergence is considered as an ionospheric manifestation of the braking of an earthward flow burst in the near-Earth plasma sheet and subsequent dawnward and duskward turning. Therefore, in Events 1 and 2, the auroral breakup presumably mapped to the dawnward and duskward flow branches, respectively. Moreover, for Event 3, we do not find any pre-onset auroral or magnetic features that can be associated with an equatorward flow. These findings suggest that the braking of a pre-onset earthward flow burst itself is not the direct cause of substorm onset, and therefore, the wedge current system that forms at substorm onset is distinct from the one that is considered to form as a consequence of the flow braking.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. Ohtani
- Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics LaboratoryLaurelMDUSA
| | - T. Motoba
- Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics LaboratoryLaurelMDUSA
| | - J. W. Gjerloev
- Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics LaboratoryLaurelMDUSA
| | - H. U. Frey
- Space Sciences LaboratoryUniversity of CaliforniaBerkeleyCAUSA
| | | | - P. J. Chi
- Department of Earth and Space SciencesUniversity of CaliforniaLos AngelesCAUSA
| | - H. Korth
- Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics LaboratoryLaurelMDUSA
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3
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Sitnov M, Birn J, Ferdousi B, Gordeev E, Khotyaintsev Y, Merkin V, Motoba T, Otto A, Panov E, Pritchett P, Pucci F, Raeder J, Runov A, Sergeev V, Velli M, Zhou X. Explosive Magnetotail Activity. SPACE SCIENCE REVIEWS 2019; 215:31. [PMID: 31178609 PMCID: PMC6528807 DOI: 10.1007/s11214-019-0599-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2018] [Accepted: 04/27/2019] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Modes and manifestations of the explosive activity in the Earth's magnetotail, as well as its onset mechanisms and key pre-onset conditions are reviewed. Two mechanisms for the generation of the pre-onset current sheet are discussed, namely magnetic flux addition to the tail lobes, or other high-latitude perturbations, and magnetic flux evacuation from the near-Earth tail associated with dayside reconnection. Reconnection onset may require stretching and thinning of the sheet down to electron scales. It may also start in thicker sheets in regions with a tailward gradient of the equatorial magnetic field B z ; in this case it begins as an ideal-MHD instability followed by the generation of bursty bulk flows and dipolarization fronts. Indeed, remote sensing and global MHD modeling show the formation of tail regions with increased B z , prone to magnetic reconnection, ballooning/interchange and flapping instabilities. While interchange instability may also develop in such thicker sheets, it may grow more slowly compared to tearing and cause secondary reconnection locally in the dawn-dusk direction. Post-onset transients include bursty flows and dipolarization fronts, micro-instabilities of lower-hybrid-drift and whistler waves, as well as damped global flux tube oscillations in the near-Earth region. They convert the stretched tail magnetic field energy into bulk plasma acceleration and collisionless heating, excitation of a broad spectrum of plasma waves, and collisional dissipation in the ionosphere. Collisionless heating involves ion reflection from fronts, Fermi, betatron as well as other, non-adiabatic, mechanisms. Ionospheric manifestations of some of these magnetotail phenomena are discussed. Explosive plasma phenomena observed in the laboratory, the solar corona and solar wind are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikhail Sitnov
- The Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory, Laurel, MD USA
| | | | | | - Evgeny Gordeev
- Earth’s Physics Department, Saint Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | | | - Viacheslav Merkin
- The Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory, Laurel, MD USA
| | - Tetsuo Motoba
- The Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory, Laurel, MD USA
| | | | - Evgeny Panov
- Space Research Institute, Austrian Academy of Sciences, Graz, Austria
| | - Philip Pritchett
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Los Angeles, CA USA
| | - Fulvia Pucci
- National Institute for Fusion Science, National Institutes of Natural Sciences, Toki, 509-5292 Japan
- Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ USA
| | - Joachim Raeder
- Institute for the Study of Earth, Oceans and Space, University of New Hampshire, Durham, NH USA
| | - Andrei Runov
- Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, Los Angeles, CA USA
| | - Victor Sergeev
- Earth’s Physics Department, Saint Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Marco Velli
- University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
| | - Xuzhi Zhou
- School of Earth and Space Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100871 China
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Nakamura R, Varsani A, Genestreti KJ, Le Contel O, Nakamura T, Baumjohann W, Nagai T, Artemyev A, Birn J, Sergeev VA, Apatenkov S, Ergun RE, Fuselier SA, Gershman DJ, Giles BJ, Khotyaintsev YV, Lindqvist P, Magnes W, Mauk B, Petrukovich A, Russell CT, Stawarz J, Strangeway RJ, Anderson B, Burch JL, Bromund KR, Cohen I, Fischer D, Jaynes A, Kepko L, Le G, Plaschke F, Reeves G, Singer HJ, Slavin JA, Torbert RB, Turner DL. Multiscale Currents Observed by MMS in the Flow Braking Region. JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH. SPACE PHYSICS 2018; 123:1260-1278. [PMID: 29938154 PMCID: PMC5993344 DOI: 10.1002/2017ja024686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2017] [Revised: 01/18/2018] [Accepted: 02/01/2018] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
We present characteristics of current layers in the off-equatorial near-Earth plasma sheet boundary observed with high time-resolution measurements from the Magnetospheric Multiscale mission during an intense substorm associated with multiple dipolarizations. The four Magnetospheric Multiscale spacecraft, separated by distances of about 50 km, were located in the southern hemisphere in the dusk portion of a substorm current wedge. They observed fast flow disturbances (up to about 500 km/s), most intense in the dawn-dusk direction. Field-aligned currents were observed initially within the expanding plasma sheet, where the flow and field disturbances showed the distinct pattern expected in the braking region of localized flows. Subsequently, intense thin field-aligned current layers were detected at the inner boundary of equatorward moving flux tubes together with Earthward streaming hot ions. Intense Hall current layers were found adjacent to the field-aligned currents. In particular, we found a Hall current structure in the vicinity of the Earthward streaming ion jet that consisted of mixed ion components, that is, hot unmagnetized ions, cold E × B drifting ions, and magnetized electrons. Our observations show that both the near-Earth plasma jet diversion and the thin Hall current layers formed around the reconnection jet boundary are the sites where diversion of the perpendicular currents take place that contribute to the observed field-aligned current pattern as predicted by simulations of reconnection jets. Hence, multiscale structure of flow braking is preserved in the field-aligned currents in the off-equatorial plasma sheet and is also translated to ionosphere to become a part of the substorm field-aligned current system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rumi Nakamura
- Space Research InstituteAustrian Academy of SciencesGrazAustria
| | - Ali Varsani
- Space Research InstituteAustrian Academy of SciencesGrazAustria
| | | | - Olivier Le Contel
- Laboratoire de Physique des PlasmasCNRS/Ecole Polytechnique/UPMC Univ Paris 06/University Paris‐Sud/Observatoire de ParisParisFrance
| | - Takuma Nakamura
- Space Research InstituteAustrian Academy of SciencesGrazAustria
| | | | - Tsugunobu Nagai
- Earth and Planetary SciencesTokyo Institute of TechnologyTokyoJapan
| | - Anton Artemyev
- Department of Earth, Planetary and Space SciencesUniversity of CaliforniaLos AngelesCAUSA
| | | | - Victor A. Sergeev
- Earth's Physics DepartmentSt. Petersburg State UniversitySt. PetersburgRussia
| | - Sergey Apatenkov
- Earth's Physics DepartmentSt. Petersburg State UniversitySt. PetersburgRussia
| | - Robert E. Ergun
- Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space PhysicsUniversity of ColoradoBoulderCOUSA
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Werner Magnes
- Space Research InstituteAustrian Academy of SciencesGrazAustria
| | - Barry Mauk
- Applied Physics LaboratoryJohns Hopkins UniversityLaurelMDUSA
| | | | - Christopher T. Russell
- Department of Earth, Planetary and Space SciencesUniversity of CaliforniaLos AngelesCAUSA
| | - Julia Stawarz
- Department of PhysicsImperial College LondonLondonUK
| | - Robert J. Strangeway
- Department of Earth, Planetary and Space SciencesUniversity of CaliforniaLos AngelesCAUSA
| | - Brian Anderson
- Applied Physics LaboratoryJohns Hopkins UniversityLaurelMDUSA
| | | | | | - Ian Cohen
- Applied Physics LaboratoryJohns Hopkins UniversityLaurelMDUSA
| | - David Fischer
- Space Research InstituteAustrian Academy of SciencesGrazAustria
| | - Allison Jaynes
- Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space PhysicsUniversity of ColoradoBoulderCOUSA
| | | | - Guan Le
- NASA, Goddard Space Flight CenterGreenbeltMDUSA
| | | | | | | | - James A. Slavin
- Department of Climate and Space Sciences and EngineeringUniversity of MichiganAnn ArborMIUSA
| | - Roy B. Torbert
- Southwest Research InstituteSan AntonioTXUSA
- Institute for the Study of Earth, Oceans, and SpaceUniversity of New HampshireDurhamNHUSA
| | - Drew L. Turner
- Space Sciences DepartmentAerospace CorporationLos AngelesCAUSA
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Nakamura R, Nagai T, Birn J, Sergeev VA, Le Contel O, Varsani A, Baumjohann W, Nakamura T, Apatenkov S, Artemyev A, Ergun RE, Fuselier SA, Gershman DJ, Giles BJ, Khotyaintsev YV, Lindqvist PA, Magnes W, Mauk B, Russell CT, Singer HJ, Stawarz J, Strangeway RJ, Anderson B, Bromund KR, Fischer D, Kepko L, Le G, Plaschke F, Slavin JA, Cohen I, Jaynes A, Turner DL. Near-Earth plasma sheet boundary dynamics during substorm dipolarization. EARTH, PLANETS, AND SPACE : EPS 2017; 69:129. [PMID: 32009832 PMCID: PMC6961498 DOI: 10.1186/s40623-017-0707-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2017] [Accepted: 08/24/2017] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
We report on the large-scale evolution of dipolarization in the near-Earth plasma sheet during an intense (AL ~ -1000 nT) substorm on August 10, 2016, when multiple spacecraft at radial distances between 4 and 15 R E were present in the night-side magnetosphere. This global dipolarization consisted of multiple short-timescale (a couple of minutes) B z disturbances detected by spacecraft distributed over 9 MLT, consistent with the large-scale substorm current wedge observed by ground-based magnetometers. The four spacecraft of the Magnetospheric Multiscale were located in the southern hemisphere plasma sheet and observed fast flow disturbances associated with this dipolarization. The high-time-resolution measurements from MMS enable us to detect the rapid motion of the field structures and flow disturbances separately. A distinct pattern of the flow and field disturbance near the plasma boundaries was found. We suggest that a vortex motion created around the localized flows resulted in another field-aligned current system at the off-equatorial side of the BBF-associated R1/R2 systems, as was predicted by the MHD simulation of a localized reconnection jet. The observations by GOES and Geotail, which were located in the opposite hemisphere and local time, support this view. We demonstrate that the processes of both Earthward flow braking and of accumulated magnetic flux evolving tailward also control the dynamics in the boundary region of the near-Earth plasma sheet.Graphical AbstractMultispacecraft observations of dipolarization (left panel). Magnetic field component normal to the current sheet (BZ) observed in the night side magnetosphere are plotted from post-midnight to premidnight region: a GOES 13, b Van Allen Probe-A, c GOES 14, d GOES 15, e MMS3, g Geotail, h Cluster 1, together with f a combined product of energy spectra of electrons from MMS1 and MMS3 and i auroral electrojet indices. Spacecraft location in the GSM X-Y plane (upper right panel). Colorcoded By disturbances around the reconnection jets from the MHD simulation of the reconnection by Birn and Hesse (1996) (lower right panel). MMS and GOES 14-15 observed disturbances similar to those at the location indicated by arrows.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rumi Nakamura
- Space Research Institute, Austrian Academy of Sciences, Graz, Austria
| | | | | | | | - Olivier Le Contel
- Laboratoire de Physique des Plasmas, CNRS/Ecole polytechnique/UPMC Univ Paris 06/Univ. Paris-Sud/Observatoire de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Ali Varsani
- Space Research Institute, Austrian Academy of Sciences, Graz, Austria
| | | | - Takuma Nakamura
- Space Research Institute, Austrian Academy of Sciences, Graz, Austria
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Werner Magnes
- Space Research Institute, Austrian Academy of Sciences, Graz, Austria
| | - Barry Mauk
- Applied Physics Laboratory, Johns Hopkins University, Laurel, MD USA
| | | | | | - Julia Stawarz
- Department of Physics, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | | | - Brian Anderson
- Applied Physics Laboratory, Johns Hopkins University, Laurel, MD USA
| | | | - David Fischer
- Space Research Institute, Austrian Academy of Sciences, Graz, Austria
| | | | - Guan Le
- NASA, GSFC, Greenbelt, MD USA
| | | | - James A. Slavin
- Department of Climate and Space Sciences and Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI USA
| | - Ian Cohen
- Applied Physics Laboratory, Johns Hopkins University, Laurel, MD USA
| | | | - Drew L. Turner
- Space Sciences Department, Aerospace Corporation, Los Angeles, CA USA
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Panov EV, Baumjohann W, Wolf RA, Nakamura R, Angelopoulos V, Weygand JM, Kubyshkina MV. Magnetotail energy dissipation during an auroral substorm. NATURE PHYSICS 2016; 12:1158-1163. [PMID: 27917231 PMCID: PMC5131847 DOI: 10.1038/nphys3879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2015] [Accepted: 08/04/2016] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Violent releases of space plasma energy from the Earth's magnetotail during substorms produce strong electric currents and bright aurora. But what modulates these currents and aurora and controls dissipation of the energy released in the ionosphere? Using data from the THEMIS fleet of satellites and ground-based imagers and magnetometers, we show that plasma energy dissipation is controlled by field-aligned currents (FACs) produced and modulated during magnetotail topology change and oscillatory braking of fast plasma jets at 10-14 Earth radii in the nightside magnetosphere. FACs appear in regions where plasma sheet pressure and flux tube volume gradients are non-collinear. Faster tailward expansion of magnetotail dipolarization and subsequent slower inner plasma sheet restretching during substorm expansion and recovery phases cause faster poleward then slower equatorward movement of the substorm aurora. Anharmonic radial plasma oscillations build up displaced current filaments and are responsible for discrete longitudinal auroral arcs that move equatorward at a velocity of about 1km/s. This observed auroral activity appears sufficient to dissipate the released energy.
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Affiliation(s)
- E V Panov
- Space Research Institute, Austrian Academy of Sciences, Graz, Austria
| | - W Baumjohann
- Space Research Institute, Austrian Academy of Sciences, Graz, Austria
| | - R A Wolf
- Physics and Astronomy Department, Rice University, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - R Nakamura
- Space Research Institute, Austrian Academy of Sciences, Graz, Austria
| | - V Angelopoulos
- Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, UCLA, Los Angeles, USA
| | - J M Weygand
- Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, UCLA, Los Angeles, USA
| | - M V Kubyshkina
- St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation
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Fu S, Shi Q, Wang C, Parks G, Zheng L, Zheng H, Sun W. High-speed flowing plasmas in the Earth’s plasma sheet. CHINESE SCIENCE BULLETIN-CHINESE 2011. [DOI: 10.1007/s11434-011-4361-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Morioka A, Miyoshi Y, Miyashita Y, Kasaba Y, Misawa H, Tsuchiya F, Kataoka R, Kadokura A, Mukai T, Yumoto K, Menietti DJ, Parks G, Liou K, Honary F, Donovan E. Two-step evolution of auroral acceleration at substorm onset. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1029/2010ja015361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A. Morioka
- Planetary Plasma and Atmospheric Research Center; Tohoku University; Sendai Japan
| | - Y. Miyoshi
- Solar-Terrestrial Environment Laboratory; Nagoya University; Nagoya Japan
| | - Y. Miyashita
- Solar-Terrestrial Environment Laboratory; Nagoya University; Nagoya Japan
| | - Y. Kasaba
- Geophysical Institute; Tohoku University; Sendai Japan
| | - H. Misawa
- Planetary Plasma and Atmospheric Research Center; Tohoku University; Sendai Japan
| | - F. Tsuchiya
- Planetary Plasma and Atmospheric Research Center; Tohoku University; Sendai Japan
| | - R. Kataoka
- Interactive Research Center; Tokyo Institute of Technology; Tokyo Japan
| | - A. Kadokura
- National Institute of Polar Research; Tokyo Japan
| | - T. Mukai
- Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency; Tokyo Japan
| | - K. Yumoto
- Space Environment Research Center; Kyushu University; Fukuoka Japan
| | - D. J. Menietti
- Department of Physics and Astronomy; University of Iowa; Iowa City Iowa USA
| | - G. Parks
- Space Sciences Laboratory; University of California; Berkeley California USA
| | - K. Liou
- Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory; Laurel Maryland USA
| | - F. Honary
- Department of Communication Systems; Lancaster University; Lancaster UK
| | - E. Donovan
- Department of Physics and Astronomy; University of Calgary; Calgary, Alberta Canada
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Ieda A, Fairfield DH, Slavin JA, Liou K, Meng CI, Machida S, Miyashita Y, Mukai T, Saito Y, Nosé M, Shue JH, Parks GK, Fillingim MO. Longitudinal association between magnetotail reconnection and auroral breakup based on Geotail and Polar observations. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008. [DOI: 10.1029/2008ja013127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A. Ieda
- Solar-Terrestrial Environment Laboratory; Nagoya University; Nagoya, Aichi Japan
| | - D. H. Fairfield
- Heliophysics Science Division; NASA Goddard Space Flight Center; Greenbelt Maryland USA
| | - J. A. Slavin
- Heliophysics Science Division; NASA Goddard Space Flight Center; Greenbelt Maryland USA
| | - K. Liou
- Applied Physics Laboratory; Johns Hopkins University; Laurel Maryland USA
| | - C.-I. Meng
- Applied Physics Laboratory; Johns Hopkins University; Laurel Maryland USA
| | - S. Machida
- Department of Geophysics; Kyoto University; Kyoto Japan
| | - Y. Miyashita
- Institute of Space and Astronautical Science; Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency; Sagamihara, Kanagawa Japan
| | - T. Mukai
- Institute of Space and Astronautical Science; Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency; Sagamihara, Kanagawa Japan
| | - Y. Saito
- Institute of Space and Astronautical Science; Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency; Sagamihara, Kanagawa Japan
| | - M. Nosé
- Data Analysis Center for Geomagnetism and Space Magnetism, Graduate School of Science; Kyoto University; Kyoto Japan
| | - J.-H. Shue
- Institute of Space Science; National Central University; Jhongli Taiwan
| | - G. K. Parks
- Space Sciences Laboratory; University of California; Berkeley California USA
| | - M. O. Fillingim
- Space Sciences Laboratory; University of California; Berkeley California USA
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Klimas AJ, Uritsky VM, Vassiliadis D, Baker DN. Reconnection and scale-free avalanching in a driven current-sheet model. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2004. [DOI: 10.1029/2003ja010036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alex J. Klimas
- Laboratory for Extraterrestrial Physics; NASA Goddard Space Flight Center; Greenbelt Maryland USA
| | - Vadim M. Uritsky
- Institute of Physics and Physics Department; St. Petersburg State University; St. Petersburg Russia
| | - Dimitris Vassiliadis
- Universities Space Research Association, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center; Greenbelt Maryland USA
| | - Daniel N. Baker
- Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics; University of Colorado; Boulder Colorado USA
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12
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Liang J. On the spatial and temporal relationship between auroral intensification and flow enhancement in a pseudosubstorm event. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2004. [DOI: 10.1029/2003ja010200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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13
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Uritsky VM, Klimas AJ, Vassiliadis D, Chua D, Parks G. Scale-free statistics of spatiotemporal auroral emissions as depicted by POLAR UVI images: Dynamic magnetosphere is an avalanching system. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2002. [DOI: 10.1029/2001ja000281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Alex J. Klimas
- NASA Goddard Space Flight Center; Greenbelt Maryland USA
| | - Dimitris Vassiliadis
- Universities Space Research Association; NASA Goddard Space Flight Center; Greenbelt Maryland USA
| | - Damien Chua
- Department of Earth and Space Sciences; University of Washington; Seattle Washington USA
| | - George Parks
- Department of Earth and Space Sciences; University of Washington; Seattle Washington USA
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14
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Nakamura R, Baumjohann W, Brittnacher M, Sergeev VA, Kubyshkina M, Mukai T, Liou K. Flow bursts and auroral activations: Onset timing and foot point location. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2001. [DOI: 10.1029/2000ja000249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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