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Cordero RR, Damiani A, Seckmeyer G, Jorquera J, Caballero M, Rowe P, Ferrer J, Mubarak R, Carrasco J, Rondanelli R, Matus M, Laroze D. The Solar Spectrum in the Atacama Desert. Sci Rep 2016; 6:22457. [PMID: 26932150 PMCID: PMC4773812 DOI: 10.1038/srep22457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2015] [Accepted: 02/10/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The Atacama Desert has been pointed out as one of the places on earth where the highest surface irradiance may occur. This area is characterized by its high altitude, prevalent cloudless conditions and relatively low columns of ozone and water vapor. Aimed at the characterization of the solar spectrum in the Atacama Desert, we carried out in February-March 2015 ground-based measurements of the spectral irradiance (from the ultraviolet to the near infrared) at seven locations that ranged from the city of Antofagasta (on the southern pacific coastline) to the Chajnantor Plateau (5,100 m altitude). Our spectral measurements allowed us to retrieve the total ozone column, the precipitable water, and the aerosol properties at each location. We found that changes in these parameters, as well as the shorter optical path length at high-altitude locations, lead to significant increases in the surface irradiance with the altitude. Our measurements show that, in the range 0–5100 m altitude, surface irradiance increases with the altitude by about 27% in the infrared range, 6% in the visible range, and 20% in the ultraviolet range. Spectral measurements carried out at the Izaña Observatory (Tenerife, Spain), in Hannover (Germany) and in Santiago (Chile), were used for further comparisons.
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Affiliation(s)
- R R Cordero
- Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Ave Bernardo O'Higgins 3363, Santiago, Chile
| | - A Damiani
- Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Ave Bernardo O'Higgins 3363, Santiago, Chile.,Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology, Yokohama, Japan
| | - G Seckmeyer
- Leibniz Universität Hannover, Herrenhäuser Str. 2, 30419 Hannover, Germany
| | - J Jorquera
- Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Ave Bernardo O'Higgins 3363, Santiago, Chile
| | - M Caballero
- Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Ave Bernardo O'Higgins 3363, Santiago, Chile
| | - P Rowe
- Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Ave Bernardo O'Higgins 3363, Santiago, Chile
| | - J Ferrer
- Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Ave Bernardo O'Higgins 3363, Santiago, Chile
| | - R Mubarak
- Leibniz Universität Hannover, Herrenhäuser Str. 2, 30419 Hannover, Germany
| | - J Carrasco
- Universidad de Magallanes, Avenida Bulnes 01855, Punta Arenas, Chile
| | - R Rondanelli
- Universidad de Chile, Blanco Encalada 2002, Santiago, Chile.,Center for Climate and Resilience Research (CR)2, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - M Matus
- Universidad de Chile, Blanco Encalada 2002, Santiago, Chile
| | - D Laroze
- Universidad de Tarapacá, Casilla 7D, Arica, Chile
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Liu X, Chance K, Sioris CE, Kurosu TP, Spurr RJD, Martin RV, Fu TM, Logan JA, Jacob DJ, Palmer PI, Newchurch MJ, Megretskaia IA, Chatfield RB. First directly retrieved global distribution of tropospheric column ozone from GOME: Comparison with the GEOS-CHEM model. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006. [DOI: 10.1029/2005jd006564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Liu X, Sioris CE, Chance K, Kurosu TP, Newchurch MJ, Martin RV, Palmer PI. Mapping tropospheric ozone profiles from an airborne ultraviolet-visible spectrometer. APPLIED OPTICS 2005; 44:3312-9. [PMID: 15943268 DOI: 10.1364/ao.44.003312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
We present a novel technique for retrieving ozone (O3) profiles and especially tropospheric O3 from airborne UV/visible spectrometer measurements. This technique utilizes radiance spectra from one down-looking and two up-looking (85 degrees and 75 degrees) directions, taking advantage of the O3 absorption structure in the Huggins (300-340-nm) and Chappuis (530-650-nm) bands. This technique is especially sensitive to tropospheric O3 below and < or =8 km above the aircraft with a vertical resolution of 2-6 km and is sensitive to lower and middle stratospheric O3 with a vertical resolution of 8-15 km. It can measure tropospheric O3 at spatial resolutions of 2 km x 2 km or higher and is therefore well suited for regional air-quality studies and validation of satellite measurements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiong Liu
- Atomic and Molecular Physics Division, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA.
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Wozniak AE, Fishman J, Wang PH, Creilson JK. Distribution of stratospheric column ozone (SCO) determined from satellite observations: Validation of solar backscattered ultraviolet (SBUV) measurements in support of the tropospheric ozone residual (TOR) method. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2005. [DOI: 10.1029/2005jd005842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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