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Lakshmi BV, Deenadayalan K, Gawali PB, Misra S. Effects of Killari earthquake on the paleo-channel of Tirna River Basin from Central India using anisotropy of magnetic susceptibility. Sci Rep 2020; 10:20587. [PMID: 33239660 PMCID: PMC7689459 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-77542-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2020] [Accepted: 10/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The Killari Earthquake (Moment magnitude 6.1) of September 30, 1993, occurred in the state of Maharashtra, India, has an epicenter (18°03′ N, 76°33′ E) located at ~ 40 km SSW of Killari Town. The ~ 125 km long basin of Tirna River, close to the Killari Town, currently occupies the area that has witnessed episodic intra-cratonic earthquakes, including the Killari Earthquake, during last 800 years. The anisotropy of magnetic susceptibility (AMS) study was performed on ~ 233 soft sedimentary core samples from six successions located in the upper to lower stream of the Tirna River basin in the present study in order to evaluate the effects of earthquake on the river flow dynamics and its future consequence. The AMS Kmax orientations of the samples from the upper reach of the river section suggest that the sedimentation in this part of the river was controlled by a N–S to NNW–SSE fluvial regime with a low or medium flow velocity. In the middle reaches of the basin, an abrupt shift in the palaeo-flow direction occurred to W–E with low velocity flow. However, a NW–SE higher palaeo-flow regime is identified in the following central part of the basin in down-stream direction, followed by a low-velocity palaeo-flow regime at the lower reach of the Tirna basin. We attribute the sudden high flow velocity regime in the central part of the river basin to an enhanced gradient of the river that resulted from the reactivation of a NW–SE fault transecting the Tirna River basin at the Killari Town. As the NW–SE faulting in regional scale is attributed as the main cause of Killari Earthquake, the reactivation of this fault, thus, could enhance the further possibility of an earthquake in near future, and hence leading to devastating flood in the almost flat-lying downstream part of the Tirna River.
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Affiliation(s)
- B V Lakshmi
- Indian Institute of Geomagnetism, New Panvel, Navi Mumbai, 410218, India.
| | - K Deenadayalan
- Indian Institute of Geomagnetism, New Panvel, Navi Mumbai, 410218, India
| | - Praveen B Gawali
- Indian Institute of Geomagnetism, New Panvel, Navi Mumbai, 410218, India
| | - Saumitra Misra
- Discipline of Geological Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, 4000, South Africa
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Li Q, Wang X, Xie G, Yin A. Oligocene-miocene mammalian fossils from Hongyazi Basin and its bearing on tectonics of Danghe Nanshan in northern Tibetan plateau. PLoS One 2014; 8:e82816. [PMID: 24376585 PMCID: PMC3871518 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0082816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2013] [Accepted: 10/28/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
A shortage of Cenozoic vertebrate fossils in the Tibetan Plateau has been an obstacle in our understanding of biological evolution in response to changes in tectonism, topography, and environment. This is especially true for Paleogene records, so far known by only two sites along the northern rim of the Plateau. We report a Hongyazi Basin in northern Tibetan Plateau that produces at least three mammalian faunas that span Oligocene through late Miocene. Located at the foothills of the Danghe Nanshan and presently connected to the northern margin of the Suganhu Basin through the Greater Haltang River, the intermountain basin is controlled by the tectonics of the Danghe Nanshan to the north and Chahan’ebotu Mountain to the south, making the basin sediments well suited for inferring the evolutionary history of these two mountain ranges. At the bottom of the local section, the Oligocene Haltang Fauna is best compared to the early Oligocene Desmatolagus-Karakoromys decessus assemblage in the Dingdanggou Fauna in Tabenbuluk Basin. The Middle Miocene Ebotu Fauna from the middle Hongyazi section shares many taxa with the late Middle Miocene Tunggur mammal assemblage in Inner Mongolia, such as Heterosminthus orientalis, Megacricetodon sinensis, Democricetodon lindsayi, and Alloptox gobiensis. Toward the top of the section, the Hongyazi Fauna includes late Miocene elements typical of Hipparion faunas of North China. All three faunas are of typical North China-Central Asian characteristics, suggesting a lack of geographic barriers for faunal differentiation through the late Miocene. Sedimentary packages producing these faunas are arrayed from north to south in progressively younger strata, consistent with a compressive regime to accommodate shortening between Danghe Nanshan and Chahan’ebotu Mountain by thrust faults and folds. With additional constraints from vertebrate fossils along the northern flanks of the Danghe Nanshan, an eastward propagation of the Danghe Nanshan is postulated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Li
- Key Laboratory of Vertebrate Evolution and Human Origins of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoming Wang
- Key Laboratory of Vertebrate Evolution and Human Origins of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China ; Department of Vertebrate Paleontology, Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County, 900 Exposition Blvd., Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Guangpu Xie
- Gansu Provincial Museum, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, China
| | - An Yin
- Department of Earth and Space Sciences and Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
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Tauxe L, Kent DV. A Simplified Statistical Model for the Geomagnetic Field and the Detection of Shallow Bias in Paleomagnetic Inclinations: was the Ancient Magnetic Field Dipolar? TIMESCALES OF THE PALEOMAGNETIC FIELD 2013. [DOI: 10.1029/145gm08] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Ji J, Luo P, White P, Jiang H, Gao L, Ding Z. Episodic uplift of the Tianshan Mountains since the late Oligocene constrained by magnetostratigraphy of the Jingou River section, in the southern margin of the Junggar Basin, China. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008. [DOI: 10.1029/2007jb005064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Chen J, Heermance R, Burbank DW, Scharer KM, Miao J, Wang C. Quantification of growth and lateral propagation of the Kashi anticline, southwest Chinese Tian Shan. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007. [DOI: 10.1029/2006jb004345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Hankard F, Cogné JP, Kravchinsky VA, Carporzen L, Bayasgalan A, Lkhagvadorj P. New Tertiary paleomagnetic poles from Mongolia and Siberia at 40, 30, 20, and 13 Ma: Clues on the inclination shallowing problem in central Asia. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007. [DOI: 10.1029/2006jb004488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Dai S, Fang X, Dupont-Nivet G, Song C, Gao J, Krijgsman W, Langereis C, Zhang W. Magnetostratigraphy of Cenozoic sediments from the Xining Basin: Tectonic implications for the northeastern Tibetan Plateau. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006. [DOI: 10.1029/2005jb004187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 125] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Dai
- Key Laboratory of Western China's Environmental Systems, Ministry of Education of China and College of Resources and Environment; Lanzhou University; Gansu China
- Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research; Chinese Academy of Science; Beijing China
| | - Xiaomin Fang
- Key Laboratory of Western China's Environmental Systems, Ministry of Education of China and College of Resources and Environment; Lanzhou University; Gansu China
- Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research; Chinese Academy of Science; Beijing China
| | | | - Chunhui Song
- Key Laboratory of Western China's Environmental Systems, Ministry of Education of China and College of Resources and Environment; Lanzhou University; Gansu China
| | - Junping Gao
- Key Laboratory of Western China's Environmental Systems, Ministry of Education of China and College of Resources and Environment; Lanzhou University; Gansu China
| | - Wout Krijgsman
- Paleomagnetic Laboratory, Faculty of Science; Utrecht University; Utrecht Netherlands
| | - Cor Langereis
- Paleomagnetic Laboratory, Faculty of Science; Utrecht University; Utrecht Netherlands
| | - Weilin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Western China's Environmental Systems, Ministry of Education of China and College of Resources and Environment; Lanzhou University; Gansu China
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WANG XIAOMING, QIU ZHANXIANG, WANG BANYUE. A new leptarctine (Carnivora: Mustelidae) from the early Miocene of the northern Tibetan Plateau: implications for the phylogeny and zoogeography of basal mustelids. Zool J Linn Soc 2004. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1096-3642.2004.00135.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Mériaux AS, Ryerson FJ, Tapponnier P, Van der Woerd J, Finkel RC, Xu X, Xu Z, Caffee MW. Rapid slip along the central Altyn Tagh Fault: Morphochronologic evidence from Cherchen He and Sulamu Tagh. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2004. [DOI: 10.1029/2003jb002558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 142] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A.-S. Mériaux
- Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris; CNRS UMR 7578; Paris France
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory; Livermore California USA
| | - F. J. Ryerson
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory; Livermore California USA
| | - P. Tapponnier
- Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris; CNRS UMR 7578; Paris France
| | - J. Van der Woerd
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory; Livermore California USA
| | - R. C. Finkel
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory; Livermore California USA
| | - Xiwei Xu
- Seismological Bureau; Beijing China
| | - Zhiqin Xu
- Institute of Geology; Ministry of Land and Resources; Beijing China
| | - M. W. Caffee
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory; Livermore California USA
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Huang B, Wang Y, Zhu R. New paleomagnetic and magnetic fabric results for Early Cretaceous rocks from the Turpan intramontane basin, east Tianshan, northwest China. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2004. [DOI: 10.1360/02yd0132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Problem of positioning Paleogene Eurasia: A review. Efforts to resolve the issue. Implications for the India-Asia collision. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2004. [DOI: 10.1029/149gm02] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register]
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Sobel ER, Hilley GE, Strecker MR. Formation of internally drained contractional basins by aridity-limited bedrock incision. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2003. [DOI: 10.1029/2002jb001883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 196] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Edward R. Sobel
- Institut für Geowissenschaften; Universität Potsdam; Potsdam Germany
| | - George E. Hilley
- Institut für Geowissenschaften; Universität Potsdam; Potsdam Germany
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Pares JM, Van der Voo R, Downs WR, Yan M, Fang X. Northeastward growth and uplift of the Tibetan Plateau: Magnetostratigraphic insights from the Guide Basin. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2003. [DOI: 10.1029/2001jb001349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Josep M. Pares
- Department of Geological Sciences; University of Michigan; Ann Arbor Michigan USA
| | - Rob Van der Voo
- Department of Geological Sciences; University of Michigan; Ann Arbor Michigan USA
| | - Will R. Downs
- Department of Geology; Northern Arizona University; Flagstaff Arizona USA
| | - Maodu Yan
- Department of Geological Sciences; University of Michigan; Ann Arbor Michigan USA
| | - Xiaomin Fang
- Department of Geography; Lanzhou University; China
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Van der Woerd J, Xu X, Li H, Tapponnier P, Meyer B, Ryerson FJ, Meriaux AS, Xu Z. Rapid active thrusting along the northwestern range front of the Tanghe Nan Shan (western Gansu, China). ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2001. [DOI: 10.1029/2001jb000583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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