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Tang S, Zhou X, Zhang J, Xue L, Luo Y, Song J, Wang W. Characteristics of water-soluble organic acids in PM 2.5 during haze and Chinese Spring Festival in winter of Jinan, China: concentrations, formations, and source apportionments. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 27:12122-12137. [PMID: 31989492 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-07714-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2019] [Accepted: 01/10/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
PM2.5 aerosols from Jinan (36°256'N, 117°106'E) in the North China Plain region were investigated for water-soluble organic acids (WSOAs, i.e., oxalic acid, formic acid, acetic acid, methanesulfonic acid (MSA), and lactic acid) during 30 December 2016 to 21 February 2017. The average PM2.5 concentration was 168.77 μg/m3 with about 90.74% samples beyond the National Ambient Air Quality (NAAQ) standards (Grade II). The total concentration of the measured WSOAs averaged at 1.34 μg/m3, contributing to 0.80% of PM2.5 mass. In the observation, acetic acid was the most abundant WSOA, followed by oxalic acid, lactic acid, formic acid, and MSA. During the period, serious haze events frequently happened. The average concentrations of PM2.5 and every WSOA species were higher in haze than those in non-haze. The correlations among species suggested that WSOAs in haze had complicated sources and secondary pathways, especially aqueous-phase reactions which played an important role on WSOAs. The concentrations of WSOAs declined in the Spring Festival compared with those in the non-Spring Festival due to holiday effect. Fireworks burning during the Spring Festival had different influences on WSOAs with slight increases for acetic acid and lactic acid. Five source factors were identified by positive matrix factorization (PMF) model for five WSOAs, respectively, and the results revealed that secondary reactions were the main sources of WSOAs in haze.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuting Tang
- Environment Research Institute, Shandong University (Qingdao), Qingdao, 266237, Shandong, China
| | - Xuehua Zhou
- Environment Research Institute, Shandong University (Qingdao), Qingdao, 266237, Shandong, China.
| | - Jingzhu Zhang
- Environment Research Institute, Shandong University (Qingdao), Qingdao, 266237, Shandong, China
| | - Likun Xue
- Environment Research Institute, Shandong University (Qingdao), Qingdao, 266237, Shandong, China
| | - Yuanyuan Luo
- Environment Research Institute, Shandong University (Qingdao), Qingdao, 266237, Shandong, China
| | - Jie Song
- Environment Research Institute, Shandong University (Qingdao), Qingdao, 266237, Shandong, China
| | - Wenxing Wang
- Environment Research Institute, Shandong University (Qingdao), Qingdao, 266237, Shandong, China
- Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China
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Vecitis CD, Lesko T, Colussi AJ, Hoffmann MR. Sonolytic Decomposition of Aqueous Bioxalate in the Presence of Ozone. J Phys Chem A 2010; 114:4968-80. [DOI: 10.1021/jp9115386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chad D. Vecitis
- W.M. Keck Laboratories, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125
| | - Timothy Lesko
- W.M. Keck Laboratories, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125
| | - Agustin J. Colussi
- W.M. Keck Laboratories, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125
| | - Michael R. Hoffmann
- W.M. Keck Laboratories, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125
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Narukawa M. Fine and coarse modes of dicarboxylic acids in the Arctic aerosols collected during the Polar Sunrise Experiment 1997. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2003. [DOI: 10.1029/2003jd003646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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