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Baltaci H, Ezber Y. Characterization of atmospheric mechanisms that cause the transport of Arabian dust particles to the southeastern region of Turkey. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:22771-22784. [PMID: 34797546 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-17526-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2021] [Accepted: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The Southeastern Anatolia Region (SEAR), the third-lowest mean annual precipitation region in Turkey, has semi-arid climate and plateau characteristics. The proximity of the region to North Africa and the Middle East dust source areas enables long-range transport of desert dust particles toward the SEAR by strong winds. Among the other dust source regions, the Arabian Peninsula has a crucial role in terms of affecting the SEAR with a high-annual frequency and high dust concentration values. We investigated the atmospheric patterns of three extreme Arabian dust episodes that affect the SEAR in this study. Dust episodes were determined using present weather (SYNOP) codes of ten stations in the SEAR during the 2014-2019 period. The source regions were found using HYSPLIT backward trajectory analysis. In this study, we benefited from synoptic maps, in situ PM10 observations, numerical simulations of the WRF-Chem model, and MODIS satellite images to analyze the extreme dust episodes. The results showed that the surface low pressure over the Persian Gulf and strong southerly winds at the 700-hPa level enabled the transport of dust particles from the surface to the mid-atmospheric levels. If the center of the upper-level ridge extended from Saudi Arabia to southern Turkey, the atmospheric blocking mechanism prevented the dispersion of dense dust particles from the SEAR to its surrounding, which caused the observation of high dust concentrations in the SEAR. In general, the WRF-Chem model outputs are in good agreement with ground-based PM10 concentrations and MODIS true-color images in terms of temporal and spatial distributions of dust concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hakki Baltaci
- Institute of Earth and Marine Sciences, Gebze Technical University, 41400, Gebze, Kocaeli, Turkey.
| | - Yasemin Ezber
- Eurasia Institute of Earth Sciences, Istanbul Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey
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Corral AF, Braun RA, Cairns B, Gorooh VA, Liu H, Ma L, Mardi AH, Painemal D, Stamnes S, van Diedenhoven B, Wang H, Yang Y, Zhang B, Sorooshian A. An Overview of Atmospheric Features Over the Western North Atlantic Ocean and North American East Coast - Part 1: Analysis of Aerosols, Gases, and Wet Deposition Chemistry. JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH. ATMOSPHERES : JGR 2021; 126:e2020JD032592. [PMID: 34211820 PMCID: PMC8243758 DOI: 10.1029/2020jd032592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2020] [Accepted: 11/04/2020] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The Western North Atlantic Ocean (WNAO) and adjoining East Coast of North America are of great importance for atmospheric research and have been extensively studied for several decades. This broad region exhibits complex meteorological features and a wide range of conditions associated with gas and particulate species from many sources regionally and other continents. As Part 1 of a 2-part paper series, this work characterizes quantities associated with atmospheric chemistry, including gases, aerosols, and wet deposition, by analyzing available satellite observations, ground-based data, model simulations, and reanalysis products. Part 2 provides insight into the atmospheric circulation, boundary layer variability, three-dimensional cloud structure, properties, and precipitation over the WNAO domain. Key results include spatial and seasonal differences in composition along the North American East Coast and over the WNAO associated with varying sources of smoke and dust and meteorological drivers such as temperature, moisture, and precipitation. Spatial and seasonal variations of tropospheric carbon monoxide and ozone highlight different pathways toward the accumulation of these species in the troposphere. Spatial distributions of speciated aerosol optical depth and vertical profiles of aerosol mass mixing ratios show a clear seasonal cycle highlighting the influence of different sources in addition to the impact of intercontinental transport. Analysis of long-term climate model simulations of aerosol species and satellite observations of carbon monoxide confirm that there has been a significant decline in recent decades among anthropogenic constituents owing to regulatory activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea F Corral
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Rachel A Braun
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Brian Cairns
- NASA Goddard Institute for Space Studies, New York, NY, USA
| | - Vesta Afzali Gorooh
- Center for Hydrometeorology and Remote Sensing (CHRS), Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Henry Samueli School of Engineering, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Hongyu Liu
- National Institute of Aerospace, Hampton, VA, USA
| | - Lin Ma
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Ali Hossein Mardi
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - David Painemal
- NASA Langley Research Center, Hampton, VA, USA
- Science Systems and Applications, Inc., Hampton, VA, USA
| | | | - Bastiaan van Diedenhoven
- NASA Goddard Institute for Space Studies, New York, NY, USA
- Columbia University Center for Climate System Research, New York, NY, USA
| | - Hailong Wang
- Atmospheric Sciences and Global Change Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA
| | - Yang Yang
- Atmospheric Sciences and Global Change Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA
| | - Bo Zhang
- National Institute of Aerospace, Hampton, VA, USA
| | - Armin Sorooshian
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
- Department of Hydrology and Atmospheric Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
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Sorooshian A, Corral AF, Braun RA, Cairns B, Crosbie E, Ferrare R, Hair J, Kleb MM, Mardi AH, Maring H, McComiskey A, Moore R, Painemal D, Jo Scarino A, Schlosser J, Shingler T, Shook M, Wang H, Zeng X, Ziemba L, Zuidema P. Atmospheric Research Over the Western North Atlantic Ocean Region and North American East Coast: A Review of Past Work and Challenges Ahead. JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH. ATMOSPHERES : JGR 2020; 125:10.1029/2019jd031626. [PMID: 32699733 PMCID: PMC7375207 DOI: 10.1029/2019jd031626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2019] [Accepted: 01/21/2020] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Decades of atmospheric research have focused on the Western North Atlantic Ocean (WNAO) region because of its unique location that offers accessibility for airborne and ship measurements, gradients in important atmospheric parameters, and a range of meteorological regimes leading to diverse conditions that are poorly understood. This work reviews these scientific investigations for the WNAO region, including the East Coast of North America and the island of Bermuda. Over 50 field campaigns and long-term monitoring programs, in addition to 715 peer-reviewed publications between 1946 and 2019 have provided a firm foundation of knowledge for these areas. Of particular importance in this region has been extensive work at the island of Bermuda that is host to important time series records of oceanic and atmospheric variables. Our review categorizes WNAO atmospheric research into eight major categories, with some studies fitting into multiple categories (relative %): Aerosols (25%), Gases (24%), Development/Validation of Techniques, Models, and Retrievals (18%), Meteorology and Transport (9%), Air-Sea Interactions (8%), Clouds/Storms (8%), Atmospheric Deposition (7%), and Aerosol-Cloud Interactions (2%). Recommendations for future research are provided in the categories highlighted above.
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Affiliation(s)
- Armin Sorooshian
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ
- Department of Hydrology and Atmospheric Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ
| | - Andrea F. Corral
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ
| | - Rachel A. Braun
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ
| | - Brian Cairns
- NASA Goddard Institute for Space Studies, New York, NY
| | - Ewan Crosbie
- NASA Langley Research Center, Hampton, VA
- Science Systems and Applications, Inc., Hampton, VA
| | | | | | | | - Ali Hossein Mardi
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ
| | | | | | | | - David Painemal
- NASA Langley Research Center, Hampton, VA
- Science Systems and Applications, Inc., Hampton, VA
| | - Amy Jo Scarino
- NASA Langley Research Center, Hampton, VA
- Science Systems and Applications, Inc., Hampton, VA
| | - Joseph Schlosser
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ
| | | | | | - Hailong Wang
- Atmospheric Sciences and Global Change Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA
| | - Xubin Zeng
- Department of Hydrology and Atmospheric Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ
| | | | - Paquita Zuidema
- Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Science, University of Miami, Miami, FL
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Xu X, Wang J, Wang Y, Zeng J, Torres O, Yang Y, Marshak A, Reid J, Miller S. Passive remote sensing of altitude and optical depth of dust plumes using the oxygen A and B bands: first results from EPIC/DSCOVR at Lagrange-1 point. GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS 2017; 44:7544-7554. [PMID: 32661445 PMCID: PMC7357207 DOI: 10.1002/2017gl073939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
We presented an algorithm for inferring aerosol layer height (ALH) and optical depth (AOD) over ocean surface from radiances in oxygen A and B bands measured by the Earth Polychromatic Imaging Camera (EPIC) on the Deep Space Climate Observatory orbiting at Lagrangian-1 point. The algorithm was applied to EPIC imagery of a two-day dust outbreak over the North Atlantic Ocean. Retrieved ALHs and AODs were evaluated against counterparts observed by Cloud-Aerosol Lidar with Orthogonal Polarization (CALIOP), Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS), and Aerosol Robotic Network. The comparisons showed 71.5% of EPIC-retrieved ALHs were within ±0.5 km of those determined from CALIOP and 74.4% of EPIC AOD retrievals fell within a ±(0.1+10%) envelope of MODIS retrievals. This study demonstrates the potential of EPIC measurements for retrieving global aerosol height multiple times daily, which are essential for evaluating aerosol profile simulated in climate models and for better estimating aerosol radiative effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoguang Xu
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, Center for Global and Regional Environmental Studies, and Informatics Initiative, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242
| | - Jun Wang
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, Center for Global and Regional Environmental Studies, and Informatics Initiative, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242
| | - Yi Wang
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, Center for Global and Regional Environmental Studies, and Informatics Initiative, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242
| | - Jing Zeng
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, Center for Global and Regional Environmental Studies, and Informatics Initiative, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242
| | - Omar Torres
- Atmospheric Chemistry and Dynamics Laboratory, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, 8800 Greenbelt Rd, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA
| | - Yuekui Yang
- Climate and Radiation Laboratory, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, 8800 Greenbelt Rd, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA
| | - Alexander Marshak
- Climate and Radiation Laboratory, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, 8800 Greenbelt Rd, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA
| | - Jeffrey Reid
- Marine Meteorology Division, Naval Research Laboratory, 7 Grace Hopper Ave, Stop 2, Monterey, CA 93943, USA
| | - Steve Miller
- Cooperative Institute for Research in the Atmosphere, Colorado State University, 1375 Campus Delivery, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA
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Zibordi G, Mélin F. An evaluation of marine regions relevant for ocean color system vicarious calibration. REMOTE SENSING OF ENVIRONMENT 2017; 190:122-136. [PMID: 28260817 PMCID: PMC5312659 DOI: 10.1016/j.rse.2016.11.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2016] [Revised: 11/17/2016] [Accepted: 11/27/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
System Vicarious Calibration (SVC) is the fundamental process commonly implemented to meet uncertainty requirements in satellite ocean color data. It is performed by applying gain factors, g-factors, to the pre-launch calibration coefficients of the space sensor already corrected for sensitivity decay with time. Mission specific g-factors are determined from top-of-the-atmosphere data computed by propagating highly accurate in situ values of the water-leaving radiance, Lw, to the satellite sensor. Values of Lw from marine regions characterized by oligotrophic/mesotrophic waters and maritime aerosols, high environmental stability and spatial homogeneity, low cloudiness and absence of any source of land contamination, are essential to determine g-factors applicable to the creation of Climate Data Records (CDRs) from multiple ocean color missions. Accounting for the location of existing and potential new SVC fixed sites, marine regions satisfying SVC requirements for the generation of CDRs have been identified through the analysis of satellite data from recent ocean color missions.
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Spectrometer for Sky-Scanning Sun-Tracking Atmospheric Research (4STAR): Instrument Technology. REMOTE SENSING 2013. [DOI: 10.3390/rs5083872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Chami M, Mallet M, Gentili B. Quantitative analysis of the influence of dust sea surface forcing on the primary production of the subtropical Atlantic Ocean using a ten-year time series of satellite observations. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1029/2012jc008112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Moxim WJ, Fan SM, Levy H. The meteorological nature of variable soluble iron transport and deposition within the North Atlantic Ocean basin. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.1029/2010jd014709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Martínez Avellaneda N, Serra N, Minnett PJ, Stammer D. Response of the eastern subtropical Atlantic SST to Saharan dust: A modeling and observational study. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1029/2009jc005692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Engelstaedter S, Washington R, Mahowald N. Impact of changes in atmospheric conditions in modulating summer dust concentration at Barbados: A back-trajectory analysis. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009. [DOI: 10.1029/2008jd011180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Su L, Toon OB. Numerical simulations of Asian dust storms using a coupled climate-aerosol microphysical model. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009. [DOI: 10.1029/2008jd010956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Generoso S, Bey I, Labonne M, Bréon FM. Aerosol vertical distribution in dust outflow over the Atlantic: Comparisons between GEOS-Chem and Cloud-Aerosol Lidar and Infrared Pathfinder Satellite Observation (CALIPSO). ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008. [DOI: 10.1029/2008jd010154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Kalashnikova OV, Kahn RA. Mineral dust plume evolution over the Atlantic from MISR and MODIS aerosol retrievals. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008. [DOI: 10.1029/2008jd010083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Liu D, Wang Z, Liu Z, Winker D, Trepte C. A height resolved global view of dust aerosols from the first year CALIPSO lidar measurements. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008. [DOI: 10.1029/2007jd009776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 197] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Liu Z, Omar A, Vaughan M, Hair J, Kittaka C, Hu Y, Powell K, Trepte C, Winker D, Hostetler C, Ferrare R, Pierce R. CALIPSO lidar observations of the optical properties of Saharan dust: A case study of long-range transport. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008. [DOI: 10.1029/2007jd008878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 147] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Matichuk RI, Colarco PR, Smith JA, Toon OB. Modeling the transport and optical properties of smoke plumes from South American biomass burning. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008. [DOI: 10.1029/2007jd009005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Zhu A, Ramanathan V, Li F, Kim D. Dust plumes over the Pacific, Indian, and Atlantic oceans: Climatology and radiative impact. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007. [DOI: 10.1029/2007jd008427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 150] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Matichuk RI, Colarco PR, Smith JA, Toon OB. Modeling the transport and optical properties of smoke aerosols from African savanna fires during the Southern African Regional Science Initiative campaign (SAFARI 2000). ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007. [DOI: 10.1029/2006jd007528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Bian H, Zender CS. Mineral dust and global tropospheric chemistry: Relative roles of photolysis and heterogeneous uptake. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2003. [DOI: 10.1029/2002jd003143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Huisheng Bian
- Department of Earth System Science; University of California at Irvine; Irvine California USA
| | - Charles S. Zender
- Department of Earth System Science; University of California at Irvine; Irvine California USA
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Reid JS. Foreword to special section on the Puerto Rico Dust Experiment (PRIDE). ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2003. [DOI: 10.1029/2003jd003510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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