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Rozel AB, Golabek GJ, Jain C, Tackley PJ, Gerya T. Continental crust formation on early Earth controlled by intrusive magmatism. Nature 2017; 545:332-335. [PMID: 28482358 DOI: 10.1038/nature22042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2016] [Accepted: 02/21/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The global geodynamic regime of early Earth, which operated before the onset of plate tectonics, remains contentious. As geological and geochemical data suggest hotter Archean mantle temperature and more intense juvenile magmatism than in the present-day Earth, two crust-mantle interaction modes differing in melt eruption efficiency have been proposed: the Io-like heat-pipe tectonics regime dominated by volcanism and the "Plutonic squishy lid" tectonics regime governed by intrusive magmatism, which is thought to apply to the dynamics of Venus. Both tectonics regimes are capable of producing primordial tonalite-trondhjemite-granodiorite (TTG) continental crust but lithospheric geotherms and crust production rates as well as proportions of various TTG compositions differ greatly, which implies that the heat-pipe and Plutonic squishy lid hypotheses can be tested using natural data. Here we investigate the creation of primordial TTG-like continental crust using self-consistent numerical models of global thermochemical convection associated with magmatic processes. We show that the volcanism-dominated heat-pipe tectonics model results in cold crustal geotherms and is not able to produce Earth-like primordial continental crust. In contrast, the Plutonic squishy lid tectonics regime dominated by intrusive magmatism results in hotter crustal geotherms and is capable of reproducing the observed proportions of various TTG rocks. Using a systematic parameter study, we show that the typical modern eruption efficiency of less than 40 per cent leads to the production of the expected amounts of the three main primordial crustal compositions previously reported from field data (low-, medium- and high-pressure TTG). Our study thus suggests that the pre-plate-tectonics Archean Earth operated globally in the Plutonic squishy lid regime rather than in an Io-like heat-pipe regime.
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Affiliation(s)
- A B Rozel
- Institute of Geophysics, ETH Zurich, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - G J Golabek
- Bayerisches Geoinstitut, University of Bayreuth, 95440 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - C Jain
- Institute of Geophysics, ETH Zurich, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - P J Tackley
- Institute of Geophysics, ETH Zurich, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - T Gerya
- Institute of Geophysics, ETH Zurich, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland
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3
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Moore JM, McKinnon WB, Spencer JR, Howard AD, Schenk PM, Beyer RA, Nimmo F, Singer KN, Umurhan OM, White OL, Stern SA, Ennico K, Olkin CB, Weaver HA, Young LA, Binzel RP, Buie MW, Buratti BJ, Cheng AF, Cruikshank DP, Grundy WM, Linscott IR, Reitsema HJ, Reuter DC, Showalter MR, Bray VJ, Chavez CL, Howett CJA, Lauer TR, Lisse CM, Parker AH, Porter SB, Robbins SJ, Runyon K, Stryk T, Throop HB, Tsang CCC, Verbiscer AJ, Zangari AM, Chaikin AL, Wilhelms DE. The geology of Pluto and Charon through the eyes of New Horizons. Science 2016; 351:1284-93. [PMID: 26989245 DOI: 10.1126/science.aad7055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 184] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
NASA's New Horizons spacecraft has revealed the complex geology of Pluto and Charon. Pluto's encounter hemisphere shows ongoing surface geological activity centered on a vast basin containing a thick layer of volatile ices that appears to be involved in convection and advection, with a crater retention age no greater than ~10 million years. Surrounding terrains show active glacial flow, apparent transport and rotation of large buoyant water-ice crustal blocks, and pitting, the latter likely caused by sublimation erosion and/or collapse. More enigmatic features include tall mounds with central depressions that are conceivably cryovolcanic and ridges with complex bladed textures. Pluto also has ancient cratered terrains up to ~4 billion years old that are extensionally faulted and extensively mantled and perhaps eroded by glacial or other processes. Charon does not appear to be currently active, but experienced major extensional tectonism and resurfacing (probably cryovolcanic) nearly 4 billion years ago. Impact crater populations on Pluto and Charon are not consistent with the steepest impactor size-frequency distributions proposed for the Kuiper belt.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey M Moore
- National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Ames Research Center, Space Science Division, Moffett Field, CA 94035, USA.
| | - William B McKinnon
- Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63130, USA
| | | | - Alan D Howard
- Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22904, USA
| | - Paul M Schenk
- Lunar and Planetary Institute, Houston, TX 77058, USA
| | - Ross A Beyer
- The SETI Institute, Mountain View, CA 94043, USA. National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Ames Research Center, Space Science Division, Moffett Field, CA 94035, USA
| | | | | | - Orkan M Umurhan
- National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Ames Research Center, Space Science Division, Moffett Field, CA 94035, USA
| | - Oliver L White
- National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Ames Research Center, Space Science Division, Moffett Field, CA 94035, USA
| | - S Alan Stern
- Southwest Research Institute, Boulder, CO 80302, USA
| | - Kimberly Ennico
- National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Ames Research Center, Space Science Division, Moffett Field, CA 94035, USA
| | - Cathy B Olkin
- Southwest Research Institute, Boulder, CO 80302, USA
| | - Harold A Weaver
- Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory, Laurel, MD 20723, USA
| | | | | | - Marc W Buie
- Southwest Research Institute, Boulder, CO 80302, USA
| | | | - Andrew F Cheng
- Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory, Laurel, MD 20723, USA
| | - Dale P Cruikshank
- National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Ames Research Center, Space Science Division, Moffett Field, CA 94035, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Carrie L Chavez
- The SETI Institute, Mountain View, CA 94043, USA. National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Ames Research Center, Space Science Division, Moffett Field, CA 94035, USA
| | | | - Tod R Lauer
- National Optical Astronomy Observatory, Tucson, AZ 85719, USA
| | - Carey M Lisse
- Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory, Laurel, MD 20723, USA
| | | | - S B Porter
- Southwest Research Institute, Boulder, CO 80302, USA
| | | | - Kirby Runyon
- Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory, Laurel, MD 20723, USA
| | - Ted Stryk
- Roane State Community College, Oak Ridge, TN 37830, USA
| | | | | | - Anne J Verbiscer
- Department of Astronomy, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22904, USA
| | | | | | - Don E Wilhelms
- U.S. Geological Survey, Retired, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
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4
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Platz T, Byrne PK, Massironi M, Hiesinger H. Volcanism and tectonism across the inner solar system: an overview. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.1144/sp401.22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
AbstractVolcanism and tectonism are the dominant endogenic means by which planetary surfaces change. This book, in general, and this overview, in particular, aim to encompass the broad range in character of volcanism, tectonism, faulting and associated interactions observed on planetary bodies across the inner solar system – a region that includes Mercury, Venus, Earth, the Moon, Mars and asteroids. The diversity and breadth of landforms produced by volcanic and tectonic processes are enormous, and vary across the inventory of inner solar system bodies. As a result, the selection of prevailing landforms and their underlying formational processes that are described and highlighted in this review are but a primer to the expansive field of planetary volcanism and tectonism. In addition to this extended introductory contribution, this Special Publication features 21 dedicated research articles about volcanic and tectonic processes manifest across the inner solar system. Those articles are summarized at the end of this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- T. Platz
- Planetary Science Institute, 1700 East Fort Lowell Road, Tucson, AZ 85719-2395, USA
- Freie Universität Berlin, Institute of Geological Sciences, Planetary Sciences & Remote Sensing, Malteserstrasse 74-100, 12249 Berlin, Germany
| | - P. K. Byrne
- Lunar and Planetary Institute, Universities Space Research Association, 3600 Bay Area Boulevard, Houston, TX 77058, USA
- Department of Terrestrial Magnetism, Carnegie Institution of Washington, 5241 Broad Branch Road NW, Washington, DC 20015-1305, USA
| | - M. Massironi
- Dipartimento di Geoscienze, Universita' degli Studi di Padova, via G. Gradenigo 6, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - H. Hiesinger
- Institut für Planetologie, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Wilhelm-Klemm-Strasse 10, 48149 Münster, Germany
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5
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Head JW, Murchie SL, Prockter LM, Robinson MS, Solomon SC, Strom RG, Chapman CR, Watters TR, McClintock WE, Blewett DT, Gillis-Davis JJ. Volcanism on Mercury: Evidence from the First MESSENGER Flyby. Science 2008; 321:69-72. [DOI: 10.1126/science.1159256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 147] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- James W. Head
- Department of Geological Sciences, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA
- Johns Hopkins University Applied PhysicsLaboratory, Laurel, MD20723, USA
- School of Earth and Space Exploration, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287, USA
- Department of Terrestrial Magnetism, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington, DC 20015, USA
- Lunar and Planetary Laboratory, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA
| | - Scott L. Murchie
- Department of Geological Sciences, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA
- Johns Hopkins University Applied PhysicsLaboratory, Laurel, MD20723, USA
- School of Earth and Space Exploration, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287, USA
- Department of Terrestrial Magnetism, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington, DC 20015, USA
- Lunar and Planetary Laboratory, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA
| | - Louise M. Prockter
- Department of Geological Sciences, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA
- Johns Hopkins University Applied PhysicsLaboratory, Laurel, MD20723, USA
- School of Earth and Space Exploration, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287, USA
- Department of Terrestrial Magnetism, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington, DC 20015, USA
- Lunar and Planetary Laboratory, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA
| | - Mark S. Robinson
- Department of Geological Sciences, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA
- Johns Hopkins University Applied PhysicsLaboratory, Laurel, MD20723, USA
- School of Earth and Space Exploration, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287, USA
- Department of Terrestrial Magnetism, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington, DC 20015, USA
- Lunar and Planetary Laboratory, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA
| | - Sean C. Solomon
- Department of Geological Sciences, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA
- Johns Hopkins University Applied PhysicsLaboratory, Laurel, MD20723, USA
- School of Earth and Space Exploration, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287, USA
- Department of Terrestrial Magnetism, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington, DC 20015, USA
- Lunar and Planetary Laboratory, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA
| | - Robert G. Strom
- Department of Geological Sciences, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA
- Johns Hopkins University Applied PhysicsLaboratory, Laurel, MD20723, USA
- School of Earth and Space Exploration, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287, USA
- Department of Terrestrial Magnetism, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington, DC 20015, USA
- Lunar and Planetary Laboratory, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA
| | - Clark R. Chapman
- Department of Geological Sciences, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA
- Johns Hopkins University Applied PhysicsLaboratory, Laurel, MD20723, USA
- School of Earth and Space Exploration, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287, USA
- Department of Terrestrial Magnetism, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington, DC 20015, USA
- Lunar and Planetary Laboratory, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA
| | - Thomas R. Watters
- Department of Geological Sciences, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA
- Johns Hopkins University Applied PhysicsLaboratory, Laurel, MD20723, USA
- School of Earth and Space Exploration, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287, USA
- Department of Terrestrial Magnetism, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington, DC 20015, USA
- Lunar and Planetary Laboratory, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA
| | - William E. McClintock
- Department of Geological Sciences, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA
- Johns Hopkins University Applied PhysicsLaboratory, Laurel, MD20723, USA
- School of Earth and Space Exploration, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287, USA
- Department of Terrestrial Magnetism, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington, DC 20015, USA
- Lunar and Planetary Laboratory, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA
| | - David T. Blewett
- Department of Geological Sciences, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA
- Johns Hopkins University Applied PhysicsLaboratory, Laurel, MD20723, USA
- School of Earth and Space Exploration, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287, USA
- Department of Terrestrial Magnetism, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington, DC 20015, USA
- Lunar and Planetary Laboratory, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA
| | - Jeffrey J. Gillis-Davis
- Department of Geological Sciences, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA
- Johns Hopkins University Applied PhysicsLaboratory, Laurel, MD20723, USA
- School of Earth and Space Exploration, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287, USA
- Department of Terrestrial Magnetism, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington, DC 20015, USA
- Lunar and Planetary Laboratory, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA
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