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Edwards EL, Corral AF, Dadashazar H, Barkley AE, Gaston CJ, Zuidema P, Sorooshian A. Impact of various air mass types on cloud condensation nuclei concentrations along coastal southeast Florida. ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT (OXFORD, ENGLAND : 1994) 2021; 254:118371. [PMID: 34211332 PMCID: PMC8243725 DOI: 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2021.118371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Coastal southeast Florida experiences a wide range of aerosol conditions, including African dust, biomass burning (BB) aerosols, as well as sea salt and other locally-emitted aerosols. These aerosols are important sources of cloud condensation nuclei (CCN), which play an essential role in governing cloud radiative properties. As marine environments dominate the surface of Earth, CCN characteristics in coastal southeast Florida have broad implications for other regions with the added feature that this site is perturbed by both natural and anthropogenic emissions. This study investigates the influence of different air mass types on CCN concentrations at 0.2% (CCN0.2%) and 1.0% (CCN1.0%) supersaturation (SS) based on ground site measurements during selected months in 2013, 2017, and 2018. Average CCN0.2% and CCN1.0% concentrations were 373 ± 200 cm-3 and 584 ± 323 cm-3, respectively, for four selected days with minimal presence of African dust and BB (i.e., background days). CCN concentrations were not elevated on the four days with highest influence of African dust (289 ± 104 cm-3 [0.2% SS] and 591 ± 302 cm-3 [1.0% SS]), consistent with high dust mass concentrations comprised of coarse particles that are few in number. In contrast, CCN concentrations were substantially enhanced on the five days with the greatest impact from BB (1408 ± 976 cm-3 [0.2% SS] and 3337 ± 1252 cm-3 [1.0% SS]). Ratios of CCN0.2%:CCN1.0% were used to compare the hygroscopicity of the aerosols associated with African dust, BB, and background days. Average ratios were similar for days impacted by African dust and BB (0.54 ± 0.17 and 0.55 ± 0.17, respectively). A 29% higher average ratio was observed on background days (0.71 ± 0.14), owing in part to a strong presence of sea salt and reduced presence of more hydrophobic species such as those of a carbonaceous or mineral-dust nature. Finally, periods of heavy rainfall were shown to effectively decrease both CCN0.2% and CCN1.0% concentrations. However, the rate varied at which such concentrations increased after the rain. This work contributes knowledge on the nucleating ability of African dust and BB in a marine environment after varying periods of atmospheric transport (days to weeks). The results can be used to understand the hygroscopicity of these air mass types, predict how they may influence cloud properties, and provide a valuable model constraint when predicting CCN concentrations in comparable situations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva-Lou Edwards
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Andrea F. Corral
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Hossein Dadashazar
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Anne E. Barkley
- Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Science, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Cassandra J. Gaston
- Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Science, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Paquita Zuidema
- Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Science, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Armin Sorooshian
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
- Department of Hydrology and Atmospheric Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
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Schulze BC, Charan SM, Kenseth CM, Kong W, Bates KH, Williams W, Metcalf AR, Jonsson HH, Woods R, Sorooshian A, Flagan RC, Seinfeld JH. Characterization of Aerosol Hygroscopicity Over the Northeast Pacific Ocean: Impacts on Prediction of CCN and Stratocumulus Cloud Droplet Number Concentrations. EARTH AND SPACE SCIENCE (HOBOKEN, N.J.) 2020; 7:e2020EA001098. [PMID: 33225018 PMCID: PMC7676499 DOI: 10.1029/2020ea001098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2020] [Accepted: 05/23/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
During the Marine Aerosol Cloud and Wildfire Study (MACAWS) in June and July of 2018, aerosol composition and cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) properties were measured over the N.E. Pacific to characterize the influence of aerosol hygroscopicity on predictions of ambient CCN and stratocumulus cloud droplet number concentrations (CDNC). Three vertical regions were characterized, corresponding to the marine boundary layer (MBL), an above-cloud organic aerosol layer (AC-OAL), and the free troposphere (FT) above the AC-OAL. The aerosol hygroscopicity parameter (κ) was calculated from CCN measurements (κ CCN) and bulk aerosol mass spectrometer (AMS) measurements (κ AMS). Within the MBL, measured hygroscopicities varied between values typical of both continental environments (~0.2) and remote marine locations (~0.7). For most flights, CCN closure was achieved within 20% in the MBL. For five of the seven flights, assuming a constant aerosol size distribution produced similar or better CCN closure than assuming a constant "marine" hygroscopicity (κ = 0.72). An aerosol-cloud parcel model was used to characterize the sensitivity of predicted stratocumulus CDNC to aerosol hygroscopicity, size distribution properties, and updraft velocity. Average CDNC sensitivity to accumulation mode aerosol hygroscopicity is 39% as large as the sensitivity to the geometric median diameter in this environment. Simulations suggest CDNC sensitivity to hygroscopicity is largest in marine stratocumulus with low updraft velocities (<0.2 m s-1), where accumulation mode particles are most relevant to CDNC, and in marine stratocumulus or cumulus with large updraft velocities (>0.6 m s-1), where hygroscopic properties of the Aitken mode dominate hygroscopicity sensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- B. C. Schulze
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA
| | - S. M. Charan
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA
| | - C. M. Kenseth
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA
| | - W. Kong
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA
| | - K. H. Bates
- Center for the Environment, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - W. Williams
- Department of Environmental Engineering and Earth Sciences, Clemson University, Anderson, SC, USA
| | - A. R. Metcalf
- Department of Environmental Engineering and Earth Sciences, Clemson University, Anderson, SC, USA
| | | | - R. Woods
- Naval Postgraduate School, Monterey, CA, USA
| | - A. Sorooshian
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
- Department of Hydrology and Atmospheric Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - R. C. Flagan
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA
- Division of Engineering and Applied Science, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA
| | - J. H. Seinfeld
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA
- Division of Engineering and Applied Science, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA
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Influence of Common Assumptions Regarding Aerosol Composition and Mixing State on Predicted CCN Concentration. ATMOSPHERE 2018. [DOI: 10.3390/atmos9020054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Distribution and origin of aerosol and its transform relationship with CCN derived from the spring multi-aircraft measurements of Beijing Cloud Experiment (BCE). ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/s11434-012-5136-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Moore RH, Cerully K, Bahreini R, Brock CA, Middlebrook AM, Nenes A. Hygroscopicity and composition of California CCN during summer 2010. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1029/2011jd017352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Morales R, Nenes A, Jonsson H, Flagan RC, Seinfeld JH. Evaluation of an entraining droplet activation parameterization using in situ cloud data. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.1029/2010jd015324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Asa-Awuku A, Moore RH, Nenes A, Bahreini R, Holloway JS, Brock CA, Middlebrook AM, Ryerson TB, Jimenez JL, DeCarlo PF, Hecobian A, Weber RJ, Stickel R, Tanner DJ, Huey LG. Airborne cloud condensation nuclei measurements during the 2006 Texas Air Quality Study. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.1029/2010jd014874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Zauscher MD, Moore MJK, Lewis GS, Hering SV, Prather KA. Approach for Measuring the Chemistry of Individual Particles in the Size Range Critical for Cloud Formation. Anal Chem 2011; 83:2271-8. [DOI: 10.1021/ac103152g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Gregory S. Lewis
- Aerosol Dynamics, Inc., Berkeley, California 94710, United States
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Rissler J, Svenningsson B, Fors EO, Bilde M, Swietlicki E. An evaluation and comparison of cloud condensation nucleus activity models: Predicting particle critical saturation from growth at subsaturation. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1029/2010jd014391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Lance S, Nenes A, Mazzoleni C, Dubey MK, Gates H, Varutbangkul V, Rissman TA, Murphy SM, Sorooshian A, Flagan RC, Seinfeld JH, Feingold G, Jonsson HH. Cloud condensation nuclei activity, closure, and droplet growth kinetics of Houston aerosol during the Gulf of Mexico Atmospheric Composition and Climate Study (GoMACCS). ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009. [DOI: 10.1029/2008jd011699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Hsieh WC, Jonsson H, Wang L, Buzorius G, Flagan RC, Seinfeld JH, Nenes A. On the representation of droplet coalescence and autoconversion: Evaluation using ambient cloud droplet size distributions. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009. [DOI: 10.1029/2008jd010502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Asa-Awuku A, Nenes A. Effect of solute dissolution kinetics on cloud droplet formation: Extended Köhler theory. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007. [DOI: 10.1029/2005jd006934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Medina J, Nenes A, Sotiropoulou REP, Cottrell LD, Ziemba LD, Beckman PJ, Griffin RJ. Cloud condensation nuclei closure during the International Consortium for Atmospheric Research on Transport and Transformation 2004 campaign: Effects of size-resolved composition. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007. [DOI: 10.1029/2006jd007588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jeessy Medina
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering; Georgia Institute of Technology; Atlanta Georgia USA
| | - Athanasios Nenes
- Schools of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences and Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering; Georgia Institute of Technology; Atlanta Georgia USA
| | | | - Laura D. Cottrell
- Institute for the Study of Earth, Oceans, and Space; University of New Hampshire; Durham New Hampshire USA
| | - Luke D. Ziemba
- Institute for the Study of Earth, Oceans, and Space; University of New Hampshire; Durham New Hampshire USA
| | - Pieter J. Beckman
- Institute for the Study of Earth, Oceans, and Space; University of New Hampshire; Durham New Hampshire USA
| | - Robert J. Griffin
- Institute for the Study of Earth, Oceans, and Space, and Department of Earth Sciences; University of New Hampshire; Durham New Hampshire USA
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Dusek U, Frank GP, Hildebrandt L, Curtius J, Schneider J, Walter S, Chand D, Drewnick F, Hings S, Jung D, Borrmann S, Andreae MO. Size Matters More Than Chemistry for Cloud-Nucleating Ability of Aerosol Particles. Science 2006; 312:1375-8. [PMID: 16741120 DOI: 10.1126/science.1125261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 158] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Size-resolved cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) spectra measured for various aerosol types at a non-urban site in Germany showed that CCN concentrations are mainly determined by the aerosol number size distribution. Distinct variations of CCN activation with particle chemical composition were observed but played a secondary role. When the temporal variation of chemical effects on CCN activation is neglected, variation in the size distribution alone explains 84 to 96% of the variation in CCN concentrations. Understanding that particles' ability to act as CCN is largely controlled by aerosol size rather than composition greatly facilitates the treatment of aerosol effects on cloud physics in regional and global models.
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Affiliation(s)
- U Dusek
- Department of Biogeochemistry, Max Planck Institute for Chemistry, Mainz 55128, Germany
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Roberts G, Mauger G, Hadley O, Ramanathan V. North American and Asian aerosols over the eastern Pacific Ocean and their role in regulating cloud condensation nuclei. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006. [DOI: 10.1029/2005jd006661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Rissman TA, VanReken TM, Wang J, Gasparini R, Collins DR, Jonsson HH, Brechtel FJ, Flagan RC, Seinfeld JH. Characterization of ambient aerosol from measurements of cloud condensation nuclei during the 2003 Atmospheric Radiation Measurement Aerosol Intensive Observational Period at the Southern Great Plains site in Oklahoma. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006. [DOI: 10.1029/2004jd005695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Gasparini R, Collins DR, Andrews E, Sheridan PJ, Ogren JA, Hudson JG. Coupling aerosol size distributions and size-resolved hygroscopicity to predict humidity-dependent optical properties and cloud condensation nuclei spectra. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006. [DOI: 10.1029/2005jd006092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Meskhidze N. Evaluation of a new cloud droplet activation parameterization with in situ data from CRYSTAL-FACE and CSTRIPE. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2005. [DOI: 10.1029/2004jd005703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Twohy CH. Evaluation of the aerosol indirect effect in marine stratocumulus clouds: Droplet number, size, liquid water path, and radiative impact. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2005. [DOI: 10.1029/2004jd005116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 133] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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22
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VanReken TM. Cloud condensation nucleus activation properties of biogenic secondary organic aerosol. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2005. [DOI: 10.1029/2004jd005465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Conant WC, VanReken TM, Rissman TA, Varutbangkul V, Jonsson HH, Nenes A, Jimenez JL, Delia AE, Bahreini R, Roberts GC, Flagan RC, Seinfeld JH. Aerosol-cloud drop concentration closure in warm cumulus. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2004. [DOI: 10.1029/2003jd004324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- W. C. Conant
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering; California Institute of Technology; Pasadena California USA
| | - T. M. VanReken
- Department of Chemical Engineering; California Institute of Technology; Pasadena California USA
| | - T. A. Rissman
- Department of Chemical Engineering; California Institute of Technology; Pasadena California USA
| | - V. Varutbangkul
- Department of Chemical Engineering; California Institute of Technology; Pasadena California USA
| | - H. H. Jonsson
- Center for Interdisciplinary Remotely-Piloted Aircraft Studies; Naval Postgraduate School; Monterey California USA
| | - A. Nenes
- Schools of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences and Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering; Georgia Institute of Technology; Atlanta Georgia USA
| | - J. L. Jimenez
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences; University of Colorado; Boulder Colorado USA
| | - A. E. Delia
- Program in Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences; University of Colorado; Boulder Colorado USA
| | - R. Bahreini
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering; California Institute of Technology; Pasadena California USA
| | - G. C. Roberts
- Center for Atmospheric Sciences, Scripps Institution of Oceanography; University of California, San Diego; La Jolla California USA
| | - R. C. Flagan
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering; California Institute of Technology; Pasadena California USA
- Department of Chemical Engineering; California Institute of Technology; Pasadena California USA
| | - J. H. Seinfeld
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering; California Institute of Technology; Pasadena California USA
- Department of Chemical Engineering; California Institute of Technology; Pasadena California USA
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Cavalli F. Advances in characterization of size-resolved organic matter in marine aerosol over the North Atlantic. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2004. [DOI: 10.1029/2004jd005137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 288] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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