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Fang X, Forbes JM, Gan Q, Liu G, Thaller S, Bougher S, Andersson L, Benna M, Eparvier F, Ma Y, Pawlowski D, England S, Jakosky B. Tidal Effects on the Longitudinal Structures of the Martian Thermosphere and Topside Ionosphere Observed by MAVEN. JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH. SPACE PHYSICS 2020; 126:e2020JA028562. [PMID: 33796432 PMCID: PMC8011558 DOI: 10.1029/2020ja028562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2020] [Accepted: 12/18/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Longitudinal structures in the Martian thermosphere and topside ionosphere between 150 and 200 km altitudes are studied using in situ electron and neutral measurements from the NASA Mars Atmosphere and Volatile EvolutioN (MAVEN) mission. Four time intervals are selected for comparison, during which MAVEN sampled similar local time (9.3-10.3 h) and latitude (near 20°S) regions but at different solar longitude positions (two near northern summer solstice, one each at northern vernal and autumnal equinoxes). Persistent and pronounced tidal oscillations characterize the ionosphere and thermosphere, whose longitudinal variations in density are generally in-phase with each other. Our analysis of simultaneous and collocated neutral and electron data provides direct observational evidence for thermosphere-ionosphere coupling through atmospheric tides. We conclude that the ionosphere is subject to modulation by upward-propagating thermal tides, via both tide-induced vertical displacement and photochemical reactions. Atmospheric tides constitute a ubiquitous and significant perturbation source to the ionospheric electron density, up to ~15% near 200 km.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohua Fang
- Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - Jeffrey M Forbes
- Ann and H.J. Smead Department of Aerospace Engineering Sciences, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - Quan Gan
- Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - Guiping Liu
- Space Sciences Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Scott Thaller
- Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - Stephen Bougher
- Department of Climate and Space Sciences and Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Laila Andersson
- Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - Mehdi Benna
- NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, USA
| | - Francis Eparvier
- Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - Yingjuan Ma
- Department of Earth, Planetary and Space Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - David Pawlowski
- Physics and Astronomy Department, Eastern Michigan University, Ypsilanti, MI, USA
| | - Scott England
- Department of Aerospace and Ocean Engineering, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, USA
| | - Bruce Jakosky
- Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA
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Abstract
In order to further evaluate the behavior of ionospheric variations at Mars, we investigate the Martian ionosphere-thermosphere (IT) perturbations associated with non-migrating thermal tides using over four years of Mars Atmosphere and Volatile Evolution (MAVEN) in situ measurements of the IT electron and neutral densities. The results are consistent with those of previous studies, namely strong correlation between the tidal perturbations in electron and neutral densities on the dayside at altitudes ~150–185 km, as expected from photochemical theory. In addition, there are intervals during which this correlation extends to higher altitudes, up to ~270 km, where diffusive transport of plasma plays a dominant role over photochemical processes. This is significant because at these altitudes the thermosphere and ionosphere are only weakly coupled through collisions. The identified non-migrating tidal wave variations in the neutral thermosphere are predominantly wave-1, wave-2, and wave-3. Wave-1 is often the dominant wavenumber for electron density tidal variations, particularly at high altitudes over crustal fields. The Mars Climate Database (MCD) neutral densities (below 300 km along the MAVEN orbit) shows clear tidal variations which are predominantly wave-2 and wave-3, and have similar wave amplitudes to those observed.
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Mendillo M, Lollo A, Withers P, Matta M, Pätzold M, Tellmann S. Modeling Mars' ionosphere with constraints from same-day observations by Mars Global Surveyor and Mars Express. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.1029/2011ja016865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Michael Mendillo
- Department of Astronomy; Boston University; Boston Massachusetts USA
- Center for Space Physics; Boston University; Boston Massachusetts USA
| | - Anthony Lollo
- Department of Astronomy; Boston University; Boston Massachusetts USA
- Center for Space Physics; Boston University; Boston Massachusetts USA
| | - Paul Withers
- Department of Astronomy; Boston University; Boston Massachusetts USA
- Center for Space Physics; Boston University; Boston Massachusetts USA
| | - Majd Matta
- Department of Astronomy; Boston University; Boston Massachusetts USA
- Center for Space Physics; Boston University; Boston Massachusetts USA
| | - Martin Pätzold
- Rheinisches Institut für Umweltforschung, Abteilung Planetenforschung; University of Cologne; Cologne Germany
| | - Silvia Tellmann
- Rheinisches Institut für Umweltforschung, Abteilung Planetenforschung; University of Cologne; Cologne Germany
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Huestis DL, Slanger TG, Sharpee BD, Fox JL. Chemical origins of the Mars ultraviolet dayglow. Faraday Discuss 2010; 147:307-22; discussion 379-403. [DOI: 10.1039/c003456h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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González‐Galindo F, Forget F, López‐Valverde MA, Angelats i Coll M, Millour E. A ground‐to‐exosphere Martian general circulation model: 1. Seasonal, diurnal, and solar cycle variation of thermospheric temperatures. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009. [DOI: 10.1029/2008je003246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Haider SA, Abdu MA, Batista IS, Sobral JH, Luan X, Kallio E, Maguire WC, Verigin MI, Singh V. D,E, andFlayers in the daytime at high-latitude terminator ionosphere of Mars: Comparison with Earth's ionosphere using COSMIC data. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009. [DOI: 10.1029/2008ja013709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S. A. Haider
- Department of Aeronomy; Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais; Sao Paulo Brazil
| | - M. A. Abdu
- Department of Aeronomy; Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais; Sao Paulo Brazil
| | - I. S. Batista
- Department of Aeronomy; Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais; Sao Paulo Brazil
| | - J. H. Sobral
- Department of Aeronomy; Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais; Sao Paulo Brazil
| | - Xiaoli Luan
- National Center for Atmospheric Research; Boulder Colorado USA
| | - Esa Kallio
- Finnish Meteorological Institute; Helsinki Finland
| | - W. C. Maguire
- Solar System Exploration Division; NASA Goddard Space Flight Centre; Greenbelt Maryland USA
| | - M. I. Verigin
- Space Research Institute; Russian Academy of Sciences; Moscow Russia
| | - V. Singh
- Department of Electronics for Automation; University of Brescia; Brescia Italy
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Shematovich VI, Bisikalo DV, Gérard JC, Cox C, Bougher SW, Leblanc F. Monte Carlo model of electron transport for the calculation of Mars dayglow emissions. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008. [DOI: 10.1029/2007je002938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Bell JM, Bougher SW, Murphy JR. Vertical dust mixing and the interannual variations in the Mars thermosphere. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007. [DOI: 10.1029/2006je002856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Mahajan KK, Singh S, Kumar A, Raghuvanshi S, Haider SA. Mars Global Surveyor radio science electron density profiles: Some anomalous features in the Martian ionosphere. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007. [DOI: 10.1029/2006je002876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Cahoy KL, Hinson DP, Tyler GL. Radio science measurements of atmospheric refractivity with Mars Global Surveyor. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006. [DOI: 10.1029/2005je002634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Leblanc F, Chaufray JY, Lilensten J, Witasse O, Bertaux JL. Martian dayglow as seen by the SPICAM UV spectrograph on Mars Express. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006. [DOI: 10.1029/2005je002664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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