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Sigsbee K, Kletzing CA, Faden J, Smith CW. Occurrence Rates of Electromagnetic Ion Cyclotron (EMIC) Waves With Rising Tones in the Van Allen Probes Data Set. JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH. SPACE PHYSICS 2023; 128:e2022JA030548. [PMID: 37035844 PMCID: PMC10078204 DOI: 10.1029/2022ja030548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Revised: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
In Fourier time-frequency power spectrograms of satellite magnetic field data, electromagnetic ion cyclotron (EMIC) waves may feature discrete, rising tone structures that rapidly increase in frequency. Using data from the Van Allen Probes Electric and Magnetic Field Instrument Suite and Integrated Science (EMFISIS) fluxgate magnetometer, we conducted a statistical study of EMIC waves from September 2012 through June 2016. We compared the occurrence rates and spatial distributions for all EMIC waves with those for rising tone EMIC waves as a function of magnetic local time (MLT) and L shell, as well as a function of R XY and Z in solar-magnetic (SM) coordinates. Overall, EMIC waves occurred during 2.4% of the time period considered, but rising tone EMIC waves were only found during 0.2% of the time period considered. About 7%-8% of the minutes of orbital coverage with H+ or He+ band EMIC waves had rising tones. The regions of peak occurrence rates for H+ and He+ band waves, as well as waves with rising tones, were found in the noon and dusk sectors for 4 < L < 6. The preferred regions for H+ waves as a function of R XY and Z SM suggest an association with magnetospheric compressions near noon and interactions between plumes and the ring current near dusk. Peak occurrence rates for O+ band waves were found between 2 < L < 4 at all MLT, and over a wide range of L shells near dusk. No rising tones were found in the O+ band.
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Affiliation(s)
- K. Sigsbee
- Department of Physics and AstronomyUniversity of IowaIowa CityIAUSA
| | - C. A. Kletzing
- Department of Physics and AstronomyUniversity of IowaIowa CityIAUSA
| | - J. Faden
- Department of Physics and AstronomyUniversity of IowaIowa CityIAUSA
| | - C. W. Smith
- Institute for Earth, Oceans and SpaceUniversity of New HampshireDurhamNHUSA
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2
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Staples FA, Kellerman A, Murphy KR, Rae IJ, Sandhu JK, Forsyth C. Resolving Magnetopause Shadowing Using Multimission Measurements of Phase Space Density. JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH. SPACE PHYSICS 2022; 127:e2021JA029298. [PMID: 35864842 PMCID: PMC9286781 DOI: 10.1029/2021ja029298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Revised: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Loss mechanisms act independently or in unison to drive rapid loss of electrons in the radiation belts. Electrons may be lost by precipitation into the Earth's atmosphere, or through the magnetopause into interplanetary space-a process known as magnetopause shadowing. While magnetopause shadowing is known to produce dropouts in electron flux, it is unclear if shadowing continues to remove particles in tandem with electron acceleration processes, limiting the overall flux increase. We investigated the contribution of shadowing to overall radiation belt fluxes throughout a geomagnetic storm starting on the 7 September 2017. We use new, multimission phase space density calculations to decipher electron dynamics during each storm phase and identify features of magnetopause shadowing during both the net-loss and the net-acceleration storm phases on sub-hour time scales. We also highlight two distinct types of shadowing; "direct," where electrons are lost as their orbit intersects the magnetopause, and "indirect," where electrons are lost through ULF wave driven radial transport toward the magnetopause boundary.
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Affiliation(s)
- F. A. Staples
- Mullard Space Science LaboratoryUniversity College LondonLondonUK
| | - A. Kellerman
- Department of Earth, Planetary, and Space SciencesUniversity of CaliforniaLos AngelesCAUSA
| | | | - I. J. Rae
- Northumbria UniversityNewcastle upon TyneUK
| | | | - C. Forsyth
- Mullard Space Science LaboratoryUniversity College LondonLondonUK
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3
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Woodger LA, Halford AJ, Millan RM, McCarthy MP, Smith DM, Bowers GS, Sample JG, Anderson BR, Liang X. A summary of the BARREL campaigns: Technique for studying electron precipitation. JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH. SPACE PHYSICS 2015; 120:4922-4935. [PMID: 26937330 PMCID: PMC4758627 DOI: 10.1002/2014ja020874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2014] [Revised: 05/06/2015] [Accepted: 05/13/2015] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
BARREL observed electron precipitation over wide range of energy and timescalesPrecipitating electron distribution is determined using spectroscopy for 19 January 2013 eventBARREL timing data has accuracy within sampling interval of 0.05 s.
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Affiliation(s)
- L. A. Woodger
- Department of Physics and AstronomyDartmouth CollegeHanoverNew HampshireUSA
| | - A. J. Halford
- Department of Physics and AstronomyDartmouth CollegeHanoverNew HampshireUSA
| | - R. M. Millan
- Department of Physics and AstronomyDartmouth CollegeHanoverNew HampshireUSA
| | - M. P. McCarthy
- Department of Earth and Space SciencesUniversity of WashingtonSeattleWashingtonUSA
| | - D. M. Smith
- SCIPPUniversity of California at Santa CruzSanta CruzCaliforniaUSA
| | - G. S. Bowers
- SCIPPUniversity of California at Santa CruzSanta CruzCaliforniaUSA
| | - J. G. Sample
- Space Sciences LaboratoryUniversity of California at BerkeleyBerkeleyCaliforniaUSA
| | - B. R. Anderson
- Department of Physics and AstronomyDartmouth CollegeHanoverNew HampshireUSA
| | - X. Liang
- SCIPPUniversity of California at Santa CruzSanta CruzCaliforniaUSA
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4
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Ukhorskiy AY, Sitnov MI, Millan RM, Kress BT, Fennell JF, Claudepierre SG, Barnes RJ. Global storm time depletion of the outer electron belt. JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH. SPACE PHYSICS 2015; 120:2543-2556. [PMID: 27656334 PMCID: PMC5014085 DOI: 10.1002/2014ja020645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2014] [Revised: 03/04/2015] [Accepted: 03/04/2015] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The outer radiation belt consists of relativistic (>0.5 MeV) electrons trapped on closed trajectories around Earth where the magnetic field is nearly dipolar. During increased geomagnetic activity, electron intensities in the belt can vary by orders of magnitude at different spatial and temporal scales. The main phase of geomagnetic storms often produces deep depletions of electron intensities over broad regions of the outer belt. Previous studies identified three possible processes that can contribute to the main-phase depletions: adiabatic inflation of electron drift orbits caused by the ring current growth, electron loss into the atmosphere, and electron escape through the magnetopause boundary. In this paper we investigate the relative importance of the adiabatic effect and magnetopause loss to the rapid depletion of the outer belt observed at the Van Allen Probes spacecraft during the main phase of 17 March 2013 storm. The intensities of >1 MeV electrons were depleted by more than an order of magnitude over the entire radial extent of the belt in less than 6 h after the sudden storm commencement. For the analysis we used three-dimensional test particle simulations of global evolution of the outer belt in the Tsyganenko-Sitnov (TS07D) magnetic field model with an inductive electric field. Comparison of the simulation results with electron measurements from the Magnetic Electron Ion Spectrometer experiment shows that magnetopause loss accounts for most of the observed depletion at L>5, while at lower L shells the depletion is adiabatic. Both magnetopause loss and the adiabatic effect are controlled by the change in global configuration of the magnetic field due to storm time development of the ring current; a simulation of electron evolution without a ring current produces a much weaker depletion.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. Y. Ukhorskiy
- Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics LaboratoryLaurelMarylandUSA
| | - M. I. Sitnov
- Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics LaboratoryLaurelMarylandUSA
| | - R. M. Millan
- Department of Physics and AstronomyDartmouth CollegeHanoverNew HampshireUSA
| | - B. T. Kress
- Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental SciencesUniversity of Colorado at BoulderBoulderColoradoUSA
| | | | | | - R. J. Barnes
- Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics LaboratoryLaurelMarylandUSA
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Hartley DP, Chen Y, Kletzing CA, Denton MH, Kurth WS. Applying the cold plasma dispersion relation to whistler mode chorus waves: EMFISIS wave measurements from the Van Allen Probes. JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH. SPACE PHYSICS 2015; 120:1144-1152. [PMID: 26167444 PMCID: PMC4497456 DOI: 10.1002/2014ja020808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2014] [Accepted: 01/20/2015] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Most theoretical wave models require the power in the wave magnetic field in order to determine the effect of chorus waves on radiation belt electrons. However, researchers typically use the cold plasma dispersion relation to approximate the magnetic wave power when only electric field data are available. In this study, the validity of using the cold plasma dispersion relation in this context is tested using Electric and Magnetic Field Instrument Suite and Integrated Science (EMFISIS) observations of both the electric and magnetic spectral intensities in the chorus wave band (0.1-0.9 fce). Results from this study indicate that the calculated wave intensity is least accurate during periods of enhanced wave activity. For observed wave intensities >10-3 nT2, using the cold plasma dispersion relation results in an underestimate of the wave intensity by a factor of 2 or greater 56% of the time over the full chorus wave band, 60% of the time for lower band chorus, and 59% of the time for upper band chorus. Hence, during active periods, empirical chorus wave models that are reliant on the cold plasma dispersion relation will underestimate chorus wave intensities to a significant degree, thus causing questionable calculation of wave-particle resonance effects on MeV electrons.
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Affiliation(s)
- D P Hartley
- Physics Department, Lancaster UniversityLancaster, UK
| | - Y Chen
- Los Alamos National LaboratoryLos Alamos, New Mexico, USA
| | - C A Kletzing
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of IowaIowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - M H Denton
- Space Science InstituteBoulder, Colorado, USA
| | - W S Kurth
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of IowaIowa City, Iowa, USA
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6
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Kim KC, Shprits Y, Subbotin D, Ni B. Relativistic radiation belt electron responses to GEM magnetic storms: Comparison of CRRES observations with 3-D VERB simulations. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1029/2011ja017460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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7
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Rodriguez JV. Undulations in MeV solar energetic particle fluxes in Earth's magnetosphere associated with substorm magnetic field reconfigurations. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1029/2012ja017618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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8
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Shprits Y, Daae M, Ni B. Statistical analysis of phase space density buildups and dropouts. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1029/2011ja016939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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9
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Kim KC, Lee DY, Shprits Y, Kim HJ, Lee E. Electron flux changes in the outer radiation belt by radial diffusion during the storm recovery phase in comparison with the fully adiabatic evolution. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.1029/2011ja016642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kyung-Chan Kim
- Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics; University of California; Los Angeles California USA
| | - Dae-Young Lee
- Department of Astronomy and Space Science; Chungbuk National University; Cheongju South Korea
| | - Yuri Shprits
- Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics; University of California; Los Angeles California USA
- Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Science; University of California; Los Angeles California USA
| | - Hee-Jeong Kim
- Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Science; University of California; Los Angeles California USA
| | - Ensang Lee
- School of Space Research; Kyung-Hee University; Yongin South Korea
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10
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Matsumura C, Miyoshi Y, Seki K, Saito S, Angelopoulos V, Koller J. Outer radiation belt boundary location relative to the magnetopause: Implications for magnetopause shadowing. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.1029/2011ja016575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- C. Matsumura
- Solar-Terrestrial Environment Laboratory; Nagoya University; Nagoya Japan
| | - Y. Miyoshi
- Solar-Terrestrial Environment Laboratory; Nagoya University; Nagoya Japan
| | - K. Seki
- Solar-Terrestrial Environment Laboratory; Nagoya University; Nagoya Japan
| | - S. Saito
- Solar-Terrestrial Environment Laboratory; Nagoya University; Nagoya Japan
| | | | - J. Koller
- Los Alamos National Laboratory; Los Alamos New Mexico USA
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11
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Su Z, Xiao F, Zheng H, Wang S. Radiation belt electron dynamics driven by adiabatic transport, radial diffusion, and wave-particle interactions. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.1029/2010ja016228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhenpeng Su
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory for Basic Plasma Physics, School of Earth and Space Sciences; University of Science and Technology of China; Hefei China
- State Key Laboratory of Space Weather; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing China
| | - Fuliang Xiao
- School of Physics and Electronic Sciences; Changsha University of Science and Technology; Changsha China
| | - Huinan Zheng
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory for Basic Plasma Physics, School of Earth and Space Sciences; University of Science and Technology of China; Hefei China
- State Key Laboratory of Space Weather; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing China
| | - Shui Wang
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory for Basic Plasma Physics, School of Earth and Space Sciences; University of Science and Technology of China; Hefei China
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12
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Su Z, Xiao F, Zheng H, Wang S. STEERB: A three-dimensional code for storm-time evolution of electron radiation belt. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1029/2009ja015210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhenpeng Su
- Mengcheng National Geophysical Observatory, School of Earth and Space Sciences; University of Science and Technology of China; Hefei China
| | - Fuliang Xiao
- School of Physics and Electronic Sciences; Changsha University of Science and Technology; Changsha China
| | - Huinan Zheng
- Mengcheng National Geophysical Observatory, School of Earth and Space Sciences; University of Science and Technology of China; Hefei China
| | - Shui Wang
- Mengcheng National Geophysical Observatory, School of Earth and Space Sciences; University of Science and Technology of China; Hefei China
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13
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Morley SK, Friedel RHW, Spanswick EL, Reeves GD, Steinberg JT, Koller J, Cayton T, Noveroske E. Dropouts of the outer electron radiation belt in response to solar wind stream interfaces: global positioning system observations. Proc Math Phys Eng Sci 2010. [DOI: 10.1098/rspa.2010.0078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
We present a statistical study of relativistic electron counts in the electron radiation belt across a range of drift shells (L*>4) combining data from nine combined X-ray dosimeters (CXD) on the global positioning system (GPS) constellation. The response of the electron counts as functions of time, energy and drift shell are examined statistically for 67 solar wind stream interfaces (SIs); two-dimensional superposed epoch analysis is performed with the CXD data. For these epochs we study the radiation belt dropouts and concurrent variations in key geophysical parameters.
At higher L* we observe a tendency for a gradual drop in the electron counts over the day preceding the SI, consistent with outward diffusion and magnetopause shadowing. At all L*, dropouts occur with a median time scale of ≃7 h and median counts fall by 0.4–1.8 orders of magnitude. The central tendencies of radiation belt dropout and recovery depend on both L* and energy. For ≃70 per cent of epochs Sym-H more than −30 nT, yet only three of 67 SIs did not have an associated dropout in the electron data. Statistical maps of electron precipitation suggest that chorus-driven relativistic electron microbursts might be major contributors to radiation belt losses under high-speed stream driving.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven K. Morley
- Space Science and Applications, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, USA
| | - Reiner H. W. Friedel
- Space Science and Applications, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, USA
| | - Emma L. Spanswick
- Space Science and Applications, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Geoffrey D. Reeves
- Space Science and Applications, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, USA
| | - John T. Steinberg
- Space Science and Applications, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, USA
| | - Josef Koller
- Space Science and Applications, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, USA
| | - Thomas Cayton
- Space Science and Applications, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, USA
| | - Evan Noveroske
- Space Data Systems, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, USA
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14
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Rodger CJ, Clilverd MA, Green JC, Lam MM. Use of POES SEM-2 observations to examine radiation belt dynamics and energetic electron precipitation into the atmosphere. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1029/2008ja014023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 181] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Craig J. Rodger
- Department of Physics; University of Otago; Dunedin New Zealand
| | - Mark A. Clilverd
- Physical Sciences Division; British Antarctic Survey; Cambridge UK
| | - Janet C. Green
- Space Weather Prediction Center, NOAA; Boulder Colorado USA
| | - Mai Mai Lam
- Physical Sciences Division; British Antarctic Survey; Cambridge UK
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15
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Li LY, Cao JB, Zhou GC, Li X. Statistical roles of storms and substorms in changing the entire outer zone relativistic electron population. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009. [DOI: 10.1029/2009ja014333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- L. Y. Li
- State Key Laboratory for Space Weather, Center for Space Science and Applied Research; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing China
| | - J. B. Cao
- School of Astronautics; Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics; Beijing China
| | - G. C. Zhou
- State Key Laboratory for Space Weather, Center for Space Science and Applied Research; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing China
| | - X. Li
- Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics; University of Colorado at Boulder; Boulder Colorado USA
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16
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Ohtani S, Miyoshi Y, Singer HJ, Weygand JM. On the loss of relativistic electrons at geosynchronous altitude: Its dependence on magnetic configurations and external conditions. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009. [DOI: 10.1029/2008ja013391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S. Ohtani
- Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory; Laurel Maryland USA
| | - Y. Miyoshi
- Solar-Terrestrial Environment Laboratory; Nagoya University; Nagoya Japan
| | - H. J. Singer
- Space Weather Prediction Center; NOAA; Boulder Colorado USA
| | - J. M. Weygand
- Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics; University of California; Los Angeles California USA
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17
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Jordanova VK, Albert J, Miyoshi Y. Relativistic electron precipitation by EMIC waves from self-consistent global simulations. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008. [DOI: 10.1029/2008ja013239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 202] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - J. Albert
- Air Force Research Laboratory; Hanscom AFB Massachusetts USA
| | - Y. Miyoshi
- Solar-Terrestrial Environment Laboratory; Nagoya University; Nagoya Japan
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18
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Kim KC, Lee DY, Kim HJ, Lyons LR, Lee ES, Öztürk MK, Choi CR. Numerical calculations of relativistic electron drift loss effect. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008. [DOI: 10.1029/2007ja013011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kyung Chan Kim
- Department of Astronomy and Space Science; Chungbuk National University; Chungbuk South Korea
| | - D.-Y. Lee
- Department of Astronomy and Space Science; Chungbuk National University; Chungbuk South Korea
| | - H.-J. Kim
- Department of Astronomy and Space Science; Kyunghee University; Yongin, Gyeonggi South Korea
| | - L. R. Lyons
- Department of Atmospheric Sciences; University of California Los Angeles; Los Angeles California USA
| | - E. S. Lee
- Space Sciences Laboratory; University of California Berkeley; Berkeley California USA
| | - M. K. Öztürk
- Department of Information Technologies; Işık University; İstanbul Turkey
| | - C. R. Choi
- Department of Astronomy and Space Science; Chungbuk National University; Chungbuk South Korea
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19
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Fok MC, Horne RB, Meredith NP, Glauert SA. Radiation Belt Environment model: Application to space weather nowcasting. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008. [DOI: 10.1029/2007ja012558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 124] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mei-Ching Fok
- Geospace Physics Laboratory; NASA Goddard Space Flight Center; Greenbelt Maryland USA
| | - Richard B. Horne
- Physical Sciences Division; British Antarctic Survey; Cambridge UK
| | | | - Sarah A. Glauert
- Physical Sciences Division; British Antarctic Survey; Cambridge UK
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20
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Miyoshi Y, Kataoka R. Flux enhancement of the outer radiation belt electrons after the arrival of stream interaction regions. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008. [DOI: 10.1029/2007ja012506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yoshizumi Miyoshi
- Solar-Terrestrial Environment Laboratory; Nagoya University; Nagoya Japan
| | - Ryuho Kataoka
- Solar-Terrestrial Environment Laboratory; Nagoya University; Nagoya Japan
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21
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Chen Y, Friedel RHW, Reeves GD, Cayton TE, Christensen R. Multisatellite determination of the relativistic electron phase space density at geosynchronous orbit: An integrated investigation during geomagnetic storm times. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007. [DOI: 10.1029/2007ja012314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Y. Chen
- Los Alamos National Laboratory; Los Alamos New Mexico USA
| | | | - G. D. Reeves
- Los Alamos National Laboratory; Los Alamos New Mexico USA
| | - T. E. Cayton
- Los Alamos National Laboratory; Los Alamos New Mexico USA
| | - R. Christensen
- Los Alamos National Laboratory; Los Alamos New Mexico USA
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22
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Rodger CJ, Clilverd MA, Thomson NR, Gamble RJ, Seppälä A, Turunen E, Meredith NP, Parrot M, Sauvaud JA, Berthelier JJ. Radiation belt electron precipitation into the atmosphere: Recovery from a geomagnetic storm. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007. [DOI: 10.1029/2007ja012383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Craig J. Rodger
- Department of Physics; University of Otago; Dunedin New Zealand
| | - Mark A. Clilverd
- Physical Sciences Division; British Antarctic Survey; Cambridge UK
| | - Neil R. Thomson
- Department of Physics; University of Otago; Dunedin New Zealand
| | - Rory J. Gamble
- Department of Physics; University of Otago; Dunedin New Zealand
| | | | - Esa Turunen
- Sodankylä Geophysical Observatory; Sodankylä Finland
| | | | - Michel Parrot
- Laboratoire de Physique et Chimie de l'Environnement; Orleans France
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23
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Li W, Shprits YY, Thorne RM. Dynamic evolution of energetic outer zone electrons due to wave-particle interactions during storms. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007. [DOI: 10.1029/2007ja012368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 285] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- W. Li
- Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences; University of California Los Angeles; Los Angeles California USA
| | - Y. Y. Shprits
- Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences; University of California Los Angeles; Los Angeles California USA
| | - R. M. Thorne
- Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences; University of California Los Angeles; Los Angeles California USA
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24
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Summers D, Ni B, Meredith NP. Timescales for radiation belt electron acceleration and loss due to resonant wave-particle interactions: 2. Evaluation for VLF chorus, ELF hiss, and electromagnetic ion cyclotron waves. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007. [DOI: 10.1029/2006ja011993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 305] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Danny Summers
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics; Memorial University of Newfoundland; St. John's Newfoundland Canada
| | - Binbin Ni
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics; Memorial University of Newfoundland; St. John's Newfoundland Canada
| | - Nigel P. Meredith
- British Antarctic Survey; Natural Environment Research Council; Cambridge UK
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25
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Bortnik J, Thorne RM, O'Brien TP, Green JC, Strangeway RJ, Shprits YY, Baker DN. Observation of two distinct, rapid loss mechanisms during the 20 November 2003 radiation belt dropout event. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006. [DOI: 10.1029/2006ja011802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 161] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Shprits YY, Thorne RM, Friedel R, Reeves GD, Fennell J, Baker DN, Kanekal SG. Outward radial diffusion driven by losses at magnetopause. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006. [DOI: 10.1029/2006ja011657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 302] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Nagai T, Yukimatu AS, Matsuoka A, Asai KT, Green JC, Onsager TG, Singer HJ. Timescales of relativistic electron enhancements in the slot region. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006. [DOI: 10.1029/2006ja011837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Loto'aniu TM, Thorne RM, Fraser BJ, Summers D. Estimating relativistic electron pitch angle scattering rates using properties of the electromagnetic ion cyclotron wave spectrum. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006. [DOI: 10.1029/2005ja011452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Bortnik J, Inan US, Bell TF. Temporal signatures of radiation belt electron precipitation induced by lightning-generated MR whistler waves: 2. Global signatures. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006. [DOI: 10.1029/2005ja011398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Summers D. Quasi-linear diffusion coefficients for field-aligned electromagnetic waves with applications to the magnetosphere. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2005. [DOI: 10.1029/2005ja011159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 216] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Danny Summers
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics; Memorial University of Newfoundland; St. John's, Newfoundland Canada
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Lyons LR, Lee DY, Thorne RM, Horne RB, Smith AJ. Solar wind-magnetosphere coupling leading to relativistic electron energization during high-speed streams. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2005. [DOI: 10.1029/2005ja011254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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The influence of wave-particle interactions on relativistic electron dynamics during storms. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2005. [DOI: 10.1029/159gm07] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register]
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Toward understanding radiation belt dynamics, nuclear explosion-produced artificial belts, and active radiation belt remediation: Producing a radiation belt data assimilation model. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2005. [DOI: 10.1029/159gm17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register]
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