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Su W, Liu C, Hu Q, Fan G, Xie Z, Huang X, Zhang T, Chen Z, Dong Y, Ji X, Liu H, Wang Z, Liu J. Characterization of ozone in the lower troposphere during the 2016 G20 conference in Hangzhou. Sci Rep 2017; 7:17368. [PMID: 29234099 PMCID: PMC5727200 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-17646-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2017] [Accepted: 11/28/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Recently, atmospheric ozone pollution has demonstrated an aggravating tendency in China. To date, most research about atmospheric ozone has been confined near the surface, and an understanding of the vertical ozone structure is limited. During the 2016 G20 conference, strict emission control measures were implemented in Hangzhou, a megacity in the Yangtze River Delta, and its surrounding regions. Here, we monitored the vertical profiles of ozone concentration and aerosol extinction coefficients in the lower troposphere using an ozone lidar, in addition to the vertical column densities (VCDs) of ozone and its precursors in the troposphere through satellite-based remote sensing. The ozone concentrations reached a peak near the top of the boundary layer. During the control period, the aerosol extinction coefficients in the lower lidar layer decreased significantly; however, the ozone concentration fluctuated frequently with two pollution episodes and one clean episode. The sensitivity of ozone production was mostly within VOC-limited or transition regimes, but entered a NOx-limited regime due to a substantial decline of NOx during the clean episode. Temporary measures took no immediate effect on ozone pollution in the boundary layer; instead, meteorological conditions like air mass sources and solar radiation intensities dominated the variations in the ozone concentration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjing Su
- School of Earth and Space Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Cheng Liu
- School of Earth and Space Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China. .,Key Lab of Environmental Optics & Technology, Anhui Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, 230031, China. .,Center for Excellence in Regional Atmospheric Environment, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, 361021, China.
| | - Qihou Hu
- Key Lab of Environmental Optics & Technology, Anhui Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, 230031, China.
| | - Guangqiang Fan
- Key Lab of Environmental Optics & Technology, Anhui Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, 230031, China.
| | - Zhouqing Xie
- School of Earth and Space Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China.,Key Lab of Environmental Optics & Technology, Anhui Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, 230031, China.,Center for Excellence in Regional Atmospheric Environment, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, 361021, China
| | - Xin Huang
- School of Atmospheric Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Tianshu Zhang
- Key Lab of Environmental Optics & Technology, Anhui Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, 230031, China
| | - Zhenyi Chen
- Key Lab of Environmental Optics & Technology, Anhui Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, 230031, China
| | - Yunsheng Dong
- Key Lab of Environmental Optics & Technology, Anhui Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, 230031, China
| | - Xiangguang Ji
- School of Earth and Space Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China.,Key Lab of Environmental Optics & Technology, Anhui Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, 230031, China
| | - Haoran Liu
- School of Earth and Space Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Zhuang Wang
- School of Earth and Space Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China.,Key Lab of Environmental Optics & Technology, Anhui Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, 230031, China
| | - Jianguo Liu
- Key Lab of Environmental Optics & Technology, Anhui Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, 230031, China.,Center for Excellence in Regional Atmospheric Environment, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, 361021, China
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Kiss P, Jánosi IM. Time-asymmetric fluctuations in the atmosphere: daily mean temperatures and total-column ozone. PHILOSOPHICAL TRANSACTIONS. SERIES A, MATHEMATICAL, PHYSICAL, AND ENGINEERING SCIENCES 2010; 368:5721-5735. [PMID: 21078645 DOI: 10.1098/rsta.2010.0265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Fluctuations breaking time-reversal symmetry are common attributes of dissipative systems operating far from equilibrium. Recent developments in non-equilibrium statistical physics represent a significant step towards an understanding of how time-reversible microscopic laws can yield to inherent irreversibility on meso- or macroscopic scales. Most of the theoretical conclusions consider quantities (e.g. entropy production) that are difficult to obtain with an appropriate accuracy in real systems. Probably less-complicated measures, such as the simple step-number ratio used in this work, can also help to characterize time-asymmetric fluctuations. In the first part, we give a short summary of recent results on asymmetric daily mean temperature changes. The second part discusses total-column ozone fluctuations, where statistically significant asymmetries are also detected. A detailed correlation analysis of ozone signals and high-altitude temperature records supports the strong coupling between tropospheric dynamics and stratospheric processes on synoptic time scales.
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Affiliation(s)
- Péter Kiss
- Department of Physics of Complex Systems, Eötvös Loránd University, Pázmány P. s. 1/A, 1117 Budapest, Hungary
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Sugita T, Nakajima H, Yokota T, Kanzawa H, Gernandt H, Herber A, von der Gathen P, König-Langlo G, Sato K, Dorokhov V, Yushkov VA, Murayama Y, Yamamori M, Godin-Beekmann S, Goutail F, Roscoe HK, Deshler T, Yela M, Taalas P, Kyrö E, Oltmans SJ, Johnson BJ, Allaart M, Litynska Z, Klekociuk A, Andersen SB, Braathen GO, De Backer H, Randall CE, Bevilacqua RM, Taha G, Thomason LW, Irie H, Ejiri MK, Saitoh N, Tanaka T, Terao Y, Kobayashi H, Sasano Y. Ozone profiles in the high-latitude stratosphere and lower mesosphere measured by the Improved Limb Atmospheric Spectrometer (ILAS)-II: Comparison with other satellite sensors and ozonesondes. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006. [DOI: 10.1029/2005jd006439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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