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Li C, Wang X, Ye H, Wu S, Shi H, An Y, Sun E. Assessment of thermal power plant CO 2 emissions quantification performance and uncertainty of measurements by ground-based remote sensing. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024; 361:124886. [PMID: 39245203 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2024.124886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2024] [Revised: 08/31/2024] [Accepted: 09/02/2024] [Indexed: 09/10/2024]
Abstract
Thermal power plants serve as significant CO2 sources, and accurate monitoring of their emissions is crucial for improving the precision of global carbon emission estimates. In this study, a measurement method based on measuring point source plumes was employed in ground-based remote sensing experiments at the thermal power plant. By simulating CO2 plumes, we analyzed the impact of surrounding urban structures, the geometric relationship between measurement points and plumes, and the influence on measurement points selection. We also assessed the capability and uncertainties in quantifying CO2 emissions. For the Hefei power plant, CO2 emission estimates were on average 7.98 ± 10.01 kg/s higher with surface buildings compared to scenarios without buildings (approximately 4.09% error). By selectively filtering discrete data, the emission estimation errors were significantly reduced by 7.31 ± 7.13 kg/s compared to pre-filtered data. Regarding the relationship between observation paths and plume geometry, simulation studies indicated that the ability to estimate CO2 emissions varied for near and middle segment observations. The lowest emission rate error was found in the mid-segment near 1.5-2.0 km, reaching 7.13 ± 5.39 kg/s. CO2 distribution at the mid-segment position becomes more uniform relative to the near segment, making it more suitable for meeting emission estimation requirements. Optimizing measurement schemes by considering environmental factors and precisely selecting measurement points significantly enhances emission estimation accuracy, providing crucial technical support for top-down estimates of anthropogenic CO2 emissions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Li
- Anhui Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, Hefei Institute of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, 230031, China; University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China; Key Laboratory of General Optical Calibration and Characterization Technology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, 230031, China
| | - Xianhua Wang
- Anhui Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, Hefei Institute of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, 230031, China; University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China; Key Laboratory of General Optical Calibration and Characterization Technology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, 230031, China.
| | - Hanhan Ye
- Anhui Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, Hefei Institute of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, 230031, China; Key Laboratory of General Optical Calibration and Characterization Technology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, 230031, China
| | - Shichao Wu
- Anhui Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, Hefei Institute of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, 230031, China; Key Laboratory of General Optical Calibration and Characterization Technology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, 230031, China
| | - Hailiang Shi
- Anhui Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, Hefei Institute of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, 230031, China; University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China; Key Laboratory of General Optical Calibration and Characterization Technology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, 230031, China
| | - Yuan An
- Anhui Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, Hefei Institute of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, 230031, China; University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China; Key Laboratory of General Optical Calibration and Characterization Technology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, 230031, China
| | - Erchang Sun
- Anhui Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, Hefei Institute of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, 230031, China; University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China; Key Laboratory of General Optical Calibration and Characterization Technology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, 230031, China
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Malarich NA, Washburn BR, Cossel KC, Mead GJ, Giorgetta FR, Herman DI, Newbury NR, Coddington I. Validation of open-path dual-comb spectroscopy against an O 2 background. OPTICS EXPRESS 2023; 31:5042-5055. [PMID: 36785456 DOI: 10.1364/oe.480301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Dual-comb spectroscopy measures greenhouse gas concentrations over kilometers of open air with high precision. However, the accuracy of these outdoor spectra is challenging to disentangle from the absorption model and the fluctuating, heterogenous concentrations over these paths. Relative to greenhouse gases, O2 concentrations are well-known and evenly mixed throughout the atmosphere. Assuming a constant O2 background, we can use O2 concentration measurements to evaluate the consistency of open-path dual-comb spectroscopy with laboratory-derived absorption models. To this end, we construct a dual-comb spectrometer spanning 1240 nm to 1700nm, which measures O2 absorption features in addition to CO2 and CH4. O2 concentration measurements across a 560 m round-trip outdoor path reach 0.1% precision in 10 minutes. Over seven days of shifting meteorology and spectrometer conditions, the measured O2 has -0.07% mean bias, and 90% of the measurements are within 0.4% of the expected hemisphere-average concentration. The excursions of up to 0.4% seem to track outdoor temperature and humidity, suggesting that accuracy may be limited by the O2 absorption model or by water interference. This simultaneous O2, CO2, and CH4 spectrometer will be useful for measuring accurate CO2 mole fractions over vertical or many-kilometer open-air paths, where the air density varies.
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Gancewski M, Jóźwiak H, Quintas-Sánchez E, Dawes R, Thibault F, Wcisło P. Fully quantum calculations of O 2-N 2 scattering using a new potential energy surface: Collisional perturbations of the oxygen 118 GHz fine structure line. J Chem Phys 2021; 155:124307. [PMID: 34598560 DOI: 10.1063/5.0063006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
A proper description of the collisional perturbation of the shapes of molecular resonances is important for remote spectroscopic studies of the terrestrial atmosphere. Of particular relevance are the collisions between the O2 and N2 molecules-the two most abundant atmospheric species. In this work, we report a new highly accurate O2(X3Σg -)-N2(X1Σg +) potential energy surface and use it for performing the first quantum scattering calculations addressing line shapes for this system. We use it to model the shape of the 118 GHz fine structure line in O2 perturbed by collisions with N2 molecules, a benchmark system for testing our methodology in the case of an active molecule in a spin triplet state. The calculated collisional broadening of the line agrees well with the available experimental data over a wide temperature range relevant for the terrestrial atmosphere. This work constitutes a step toward populating the spectroscopic databases with ab initio line shape parameters for atmospherically relevant systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maciej Gancewski
- Institute of Physics, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Grudziądzka 5, 87-100 Toruń, Poland
| | - Hubert Jóźwiak
- Institute of Physics, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Grudziądzka 5, 87-100 Toruń, Poland
| | - Ernesto Quintas-Sánchez
- Department of Chemistry, Missouri University of Science and Technology, Rolla, Missouri 65409-0010, USA
| | - Richard Dawes
- Department of Chemistry, Missouri University of Science and Technology, Rolla, Missouri 65409-0010, USA
| | - Franck Thibault
- Univ. Rennes, CNRS, IPR (Institut de Physique de Rennes)-UMR 6251, Rennes F-35000, France
| | - Piotr Wcisło
- Institute of Physics, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Grudziądzka 5, 87-100 Toruń, Poland
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Remote Sensing of Atmospheric Hydrogen Fluoride (HF) over Hefei, China with Ground-Based High-Resolution Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) Spectrometry. REMOTE SENSING 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/rs13040791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Remote sensing of atmospheric hydrogen fluoride (HF) is challenging because it has weak absorption signatures in the atmosphere and is surrounded by strong absorption lines from interfering gases. In this study, we first present a multi-year time series of HF total columns over Hefei, China by using high-resolution ground-based Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrometry. Both near-infrared (NIR) and mid-infrared (MIR) solar spectra suites, which are recorded following the requirements of Total Carbon Column Observing Network (TCCON) and Network for the Detection of Atmospheric Composition Change (NDACC), respectively, are used to retrieve total column of HF (THF) and column-averaged dry-air mole fractions of HF (XHF). The NIR and MIR observations are generally in good agreement with a correlation coefficient (R) of 0.87, but the NIR observations are found to be (6.90 ± 1.07 (1σ)) pptv, which is lower than the MIR observations. By correcting this bias, the combination of NIR and MIR observations discloses that the XHF over Hefei showed a maximum monthly mean value of (64.05 ± 3.93) pptv in March and a minimum monthly mean value of (45.15 ± 2.93) pptv in September. The observed XHF time series from 2015 to 2020 showed a negative trend of (−0.38 ± 0.22) % per year. The variability of XHF is inversely correlated with the tropopause height, indicating that the variability of tropopause height is a key factor that drives the seasonal cycle of HF in the stratosphere. This study can enhance the understanding of ground-based high-resolution remote sensing techniques for atmospheric HF and its evolution in the stratosphere and contribute to forming new reliable remote sensing data for research on climate change.
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Fleurbaey H, Yi H, Adkins EM, Fleisher AJ, Hodges JT. Cavity ring-down spectroscopy of CO 2 near λ = 2.06 μm: Accurate transition intensities for the Orbiting Carbon Observatory-2 (OCO-2) "strong band". JOURNAL OF QUANTITATIVE SPECTROSCOPY & RADIATIVE TRANSFER 2020; 252:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jqsrt.2020.107104. [PMID: 33100382 DOI: 10.1016/j.jqsrt.2020.107104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
The λ = 2.06 μm absorption band of CO2 is widely used for the remote sensing of atmospheric carbon dioxide, making it relevant to many important top-down measurements of carbon flux. The forward models used in the retrieval algorithms employed in these measurements require increasingly accurate line intensity and line shape data from which absorption cross-sections can be computed. To overcome accuracy limitations of existing line lists, we used frequency-stabilized cavity ring-down spectroscopy to measure 39 transitions in the 12C16O2 absorption band. The line intensities were measured with an estimated relative combined standard uncertainty of u r = 0.08 %. We predicted the J-dependence of the measured intensities using two theoretical models: a one-dimensional spectroscopic model with Herman-Wallis rotation-vibration corrections, and a line-by-line ab initio dipole moment surface model [Zak et al. JQSRT 2016;177:31-42]. For the second approach, we fit only a single factor to rescale the theoretical integrated band intensity to be consistent with the measured intensities. We find that the latter approach yields an equally adequate representation of the fitted J-dependent intensity data and provides the most physically general representation of the results. Our recommended value for the integrated band intensity equal to 7.183 × 10-21 cm molecule-1 ± 6 × 10-24 cm molecule-1 is based on the rescaled ab initio model and corresponds to a fitted scale factor of 1.0069 ± 0.0002. Comparisons of literature intensity values to our results reveal systematic deviations ranging from -1.16 % to +0.33 %.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hélène Fleurbaey
- Material Measurement Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, 100 Bureau Drive, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA
| | - Hongming Yi
- Material Measurement Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, 100 Bureau Drive, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA
| | - Erin M Adkins
- Material Measurement Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, 100 Bureau Drive, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA
| | - Adam J Fleisher
- Material Measurement Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, 100 Bureau Drive, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA
| | - Joseph T Hodges
- Material Measurement Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, 100 Bureau Drive, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA
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Increase of Atmospheric Methane Observed from Space-Borne and Ground-Based Measurements. REMOTE SENSING 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/rs11080964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
It has been found that the concentration of atmospheric methane (CH4) has rapidly increased since 2007 after a decade of nearly constant concentration in the atmosphere. As an important greenhouse gas, such an increase could enhance the threat of global warming. To better quantify this increasing trend, a novel statistic method, i.e. the Ensemble Empirical Mode Decomposition (EEMD) method, was used to analyze the CH4 trends from three different measurements: the mid–upper tropospheric CH4 (MUT) from the space-borne measurements by the Atmospheric Infrared Sounder (AIRS), the CH4 in the marine boundary layer (MBL) from NOAA ground-based in-situ measurements, and the column-averaged CH4 in the atmosphere (XCH4) from the ground-based up-looking Fourier Transform Spectrometers at Total Carbon Column Observing Network (TCCON) and the Network for the Detection of Atmospheric Composition Change (NDACC). Comparison of the CH4 trends in the mid–upper troposphere, lower troposphere, and the column average from these three data sets shows that, overall, these trends agree well in capturing the abrupt CH4 increase in 2007 (the first peak) and an even faster increase after 2013 (the second peak) over the globe. The increased rates of CH4 in the MUT, as observed by AIRS, are overall smaller than CH4 in MBL and the column-average CH4. During 2009–2011, there was a dip in the increase rate for CH4 in MBL, and the MUT-CH4 increase rate was almost negligible in the mid-high latitude regions. The increase of the column-average CH4 also reached the minimum during 2009–2011 accordingly, suggesting that the trends of CH4 are not only impacted by the surface emission, however that they also may be impacted by other processes like transport and chemical reaction loss associated with [OH]. One advantage of the EEMD analysis is to derive the monthly rate and the results show that the frequency of the variability of CH4 increase rates in the mid–high northern latitude regions is larger than those in the tropics and southern hemisphere.
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Evaluation and Analysis of the Seasonal Cycle and Variability of the Trend from GOSAT Methane Retrievals. REMOTE SENSING 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/rs11070882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Methane ( CH 4 ) is a potent greenhouse gas with a large temporal variability. To increase the spatial coverage, methane observations are increasingly made from satellites that retrieve the column-averaged dry air mole fraction of methane ( XCH 4 ). To understand and quantify the spatial differences of the seasonal cycle and trend of XCH 4 in more detail, and to ultimately help reduce uncertainties in methane emissions and sinks, we evaluated and analyzed the average XCH 4 seasonal cycle and trend from three Greenhouse Gases Observing Satellite (GOSAT) retrieval algorithms: National Institute for Environmental Studies algorithm version 02.75, RemoTeC CH 4 Proxy algorithm version 2.3.8 and RemoTeC CH 4 Full Physics algorithm version 2.3.8. Evaluations were made against the Total Carbon Column Observing Network (TCCON) retrievals at 15 TCCON sites for 2009–2015, and the analysis was performed, in addition to the TCCON sites, at 31 latitude bands between latitudes 44.43 ∘ S and 53.13 ∘ N. At latitude bands, we also compared the trend of GOSAT XCH 4 retrievals to the NOAA’s Marine Boundary Layer reference data. The average seasonal cycle and the non-linear trend were, for the first time for methane, modeled with a dynamic regression method called Dynamic Linear Model that quantifies the trend and the seasonal cycle, and provides reliable uncertainties for the parameters. Our results show that, if the number of co-located soundings is sufficiently large throughout the year, the seasonal cycle and trend of the three GOSAT retrievals agree well, mostly within the uncertainty ranges, with the TCCON retrievals. Especially estimates of the maximum day of XCH 4 agree well, both between the GOSAT and TCCON retrievals, and between the three GOSAT retrievals at the latitude bands. In our analysis, we showed that there are large spatial differences in the trend and seasonal cycle of XCH 4 . These differences are linked to the regional CH 4 sources and sinks, and call for further research.
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Mendonca J, Strong K, Wunch D, Toon GC, Long DA, Hodges JT, Sironneau VT, Franklin JE. Using a Speed-Dependent Voigt Line Shape to Retrieve O 2 from Total Carbon Column Observing Network Solar Spectra to Improve Measurements of XCO 2. ATMOSPHERIC MEASUREMENT TECHNIQUES 2019; 12:10.5194/amt-12-35-2019. [PMID: 31579431 PMCID: PMC6774361 DOI: 10.5194/amt-12-35-2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
High-resolution, laboratory, absorption spectra of the a 1 Δ g ← X 3 ∑ g - oxygen (O2) band measured using cavity ring-down spectroscopy were fitted using the Voigt and speed-dependent Voigt line shapes. We found that the speed-dependent Voigt line shape was better able to model the measured absorption coefficients than the Voigt line shape. We used these line shape models to calculate absorption coefficients to retrieve atmospheric total columns abundances of O2 from ground-based spectra from four Fourier transform spectrometers that are apart of the Total Carbon Column Observing Network (TCCON) Lower O2 total columns were retrieved with the speed-dependent Voigt line shape, and the difference between the total columns retrieved using the Voigt and speed-dependent Voigt line shapes increased as a function of solar zenith angle. Previous work has shown that carbon dioxide (CO2) total columns are better retrieved using a speed-dependent Voigt line shape with line mixing. The column-averaged dry-air mole fraction of CO2 (XCO2) was calculated using the ratio between the columns of CO2 and O2 retrieved (from the same spectra) with both line shapes from measurements made over a one-year period at the four sites. The inclusion of speed dependence in the O2 retrievals significantly reduces the airmass dependence of XCO2 and the bias between the TCCON measurements and calibrated integrated aircraft profile measurements was reduced from 1% to 0.4%. These results suggest that speed dependence should be included in the forward model when fitting near-infrared CO2 and O2 spectra to improve the accuracy of XCO2 measurements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph Mendonca
- Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Kimberly Strong
- Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Debra Wunch
- Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | | | - David A. Long
- National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD, USA
| | - Joseph T. Hodges
- National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD, USA
| | | | - Jonathan E. Franklin
- Harvard John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Cambridge, MA, USA
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9
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Detection of Spatiotemporal Extreme Changes in Atmospheric CO2 Concentration Based on Satellite Observations. REMOTE SENSING 2018. [DOI: 10.3390/rs10060839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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10
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Global Atmospheric CO2 Concentrations Simulated by GEOS-Chem: Comparison with GOSAT, Carbon Tracker and Ground-Based Measurements. ATMOSPHERE 2018. [DOI: 10.3390/atmos9050175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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11
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A Data-Driven Assessment of Biosphere-Atmosphere Interaction Impact on Seasonal Cycle Patterns of XCO2 Using GOSAT and MODIS Observations. REMOTE SENSING 2017. [DOI: 10.3390/rs9030251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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12
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Multivariate Spatial Data Fusion for Very Large Remote Sensing Datasets. REMOTE SENSING 2017. [DOI: 10.3390/rs9020142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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13
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Multi-Year Comparison of Carbon Dioxide from Satellite Data with Ground-Based FTS Measurements (2003–2011). REMOTE SENSING 2013. [DOI: 10.3390/rs5073431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Favela KH, Tans P, Jaeckle TH, Williamson WS. Microcollection of Gases in a Capillary Tube: Preservation of Spatial and Temporal Resolution. Anal Chem 2012; 84:8310-6. [DOI: 10.1021/ac301707w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Pieter Tans
- National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration/Earth System Research Laboratory, 325 Broadway, Boulder, Colorado 80305, United States
| | - Thomas H. Jaeckle
- Southwest Research Institute, 6220 Culebra Road, San Antonio, Texas 78238,
United States
| | - William S. Williamson
- Southwest Research Institute, 6220 Culebra Road, San Antonio, Texas 78238,
United States
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15
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Equations for solar tracking. SENSORS 2012; 12:4074-90. [PMID: 22666019 PMCID: PMC3355400 DOI: 10.3390/s120404074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2012] [Revised: 03/16/2012] [Accepted: 03/16/2012] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Direct sunlight absorption by trace gases can be used to quantify them and investigate atmospheric chemistry. In such experiments, the main optical apparatus is often a grating or a Fourier transform spectrometer. A solar tracker based on motorized rotating mirrors is commonly used to direct the light along the spectrometer axis, correcting for the apparent rotation of the Sun. Calculating the Sun azimuth and altitude for a given time and location can be achieved with high accuracy but different sources of angular offsets appear in practice when positioning the mirrors. A feedback on the motors, using a light position sensor close to the spectrometer, is almost always needed. This paper aims to gather the main geometrical formulas necessary for the use of a widely used kind of solar tracker, based on two 45° mirrors in altazimuthal set-up with a light sensor on the spectrometer, and to illustrate them with a tracker developed by our group for atmospheric research.
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Risi C, Noone D, Worden J, Frankenberg C, Stiller G, Kiefer M, Funke B, Walker K, Bernath P, Schneider M, Wunch D, Sherlock V, Deutscher N, Griffith D, Wennberg PO, Strong K, Smale D, Mahieu E, Barthlott S, Hase F, García O, Notholt J, Warneke T, Toon G, Sayres D, Bony S, Lee J, Brown D, Uemura R, Sturm C. Process-evaluation of tropospheric humidity simulated by general circulation models using water vapor isotopologues: 1. Comparison between models and observations. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1029/2011jd016621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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17
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Wunch D, Toon GC, Blavier JFL, Washenfelder RA, Notholt J, Connor BJ, Griffith DWT, Sherlock V, Wennberg PO. The total carbon column observing network. PHILOSOPHICAL TRANSACTIONS. SERIES A, MATHEMATICAL, PHYSICAL, AND ENGINEERING SCIENCES 2011; 369:2087-2112. [PMID: 21502178 DOI: 10.1098/rsta.2010.0240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 140] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
A global network of ground-based Fourier transform spectrometers has been founded to remotely measure column abundances of CO(2), CO, CH(4), N(2)O and other molecules that absorb in the near-infrared. These measurements are directly comparable with the near-infrared total column measurements from space-based instruments. With stringent requirements on the instrumentation, acquisition procedures, data processing and calibration, the Total Carbon Column Observing Network (TCCON) achieves an accuracy and precision in total column measurements that is unprecedented for remote-sensing observations (better than 0.25% for CO(2)). This has enabled carbon-cycle science investigations using the TCCON dataset, and allows the TCCON to provide a link between satellite measurements and the extensive ground-based in situ network.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debra Wunch
- Department of Earth Science and Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA.
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Reuter M, Bovensmann H, Buchwitz M, Burrows JP, Connor BJ, Deutscher NM, Griffith DWT, Heymann J, Keppel-Aleks G, Messerschmidt J, Notholt J, Petri C, Robinson J, Schneising O, Sherlock V, Velazco V, Warneke T, Wennberg PO, Wunch D. Retrieval of atmospheric CO2with enhanced accuracy and precision from SCIAMACHY: Validation with FTS measurements and comparison with model results. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.1029/2010jd015047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 139] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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19
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Global Characterization of CO2 Column Retrievals from Shortwave-Infrared Satellite Observations of the Orbiting Carbon Observatory-2 Mission. REMOTE SENSING 2011. [DOI: 10.3390/rs3020270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 195] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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20
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Paton-Walsh C, Deutscher NM, Griffith DWT, Forgan BW, Wilson SR, Jones NB, Edwards DP. Trace gas emissions from savanna fires in northern Australia. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1029/2009jd013309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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21
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Ohyama H, Morino I, Nagahama T, Machida T, Suto H, Oguma H, Sawa Y, Matsueda H, Sugimoto N, Nakane H, Nakagawa K. Column-averaged volume mixing ratio of CO2measured with ground-based Fourier transform spectrometer at Tsukuba. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009. [DOI: 10.1029/2008jd011465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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22
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Salau OR, Warneke T, Notholt J, Shim C, Li Q, Xiao Y. Tropospheric trace gases at Bremen measured with FTIR spectrometry. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING : JEM 2009; 11:1529-1534. [PMID: 19657539 DOI: 10.1039/b903198g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
The total column densities of acetylene (C(2)H(2)), carbon monoxide (CO), hydrogen cyanide (HCN) and ethane (C(2)H(6)) measured in Bremen (Germany, 53.107 degrees N, 8.854 degrees E) were compared with data from Mace Head/Ireland (MHD) and GEOS-Chem model simulations. The data were obtained between August 2002 and October 2006 with the ground based high resolution Fourier Transform Infra-Red (FTIR) Spectrometry, using the sun as the light source. The analysis showed good agreements between all the three data sets for the seasonal cycle of CO. Enhancements in summer 2003 and summer 2004 due to influence of biomass burning were identified in all three data sets. The high correlations between C(2)H(6) and C(2)H(2), C(2)H(2) and CO, and for C(2)H(6) and CO support the similarities in their sources and sinks. The results suggest that the background air in Bremen is mainly influenced by long-ranged transport of biomass burning products. Local pollution plays a minor role for the measurements performed in Bremen.
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Affiliation(s)
- O R Salau
- Institute of Environmental Physics, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany.
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Alkhaled AA, Michalak AM, Kawa SR, Olsen SC, Wang JW. A global evaluation of the regional spatial variability of column integrated CO2distributions. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008. [DOI: 10.1029/2007jd009693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Natraj V, Boesch H, Spurr RJD, Yung YL. Retrieval ofXCO2from simulated Orbiting Carbon Observatory measurements using the fast linearized R-2OS radiative transfer model. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008. [DOI: 10.1029/2007jd009017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Choi Y, Vay SA, Vadrevu KP, Soja AJ, Woo JH, Nolf SR, Sachse GW, Diskin GS, Blake DR, Blake NJ, Singh HB, Avery MA, Fried A, Pfister L, Fuelberg HE. Characteristics of the atmospheric CO2signal as observed over the conterminous United States during INTEX-NA. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008. [DOI: 10.1029/2007jd008899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Connor BJ, Boesch H, Toon G, Sen B, Miller C, Crisp D. Orbiting Carbon Observatory: Inverse method and prospective error analysis. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008. [DOI: 10.1029/2006jd008336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 195] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Brian J. Connor
- National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research; Lauder New Zealand
| | | | | | - Bhaswar Sen
- Jet Propulsion Laboratory; Pasadena California USA
| | | | - David Crisp
- Jet Propulsion Laboratory; Pasadena California USA
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Corbin KD, Denning AS, Lu L, Wang JW, Baker IT. Possible representation errors in inversions of satellite CO2retrievals. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008. [DOI: 10.1029/2007jd008716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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An atmospheric perspective on North American carbon dioxide exchange: CarbonTracker. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2008; 104:18925-30. [PMID: 18045791 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0708986104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 184] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
We present an estimate of net CO(2) exchange between the terrestrial biosphere and the atmosphere across North America for every week in the period 2000 through 2005. This estimate is derived from a set of 28,000 CO(2) mole fraction observations in the global atmosphere that are fed into a state-of-the-art data assimilation system for CO(2) called CarbonTracker. By design, the surface fluxes produced in CarbonTracker are consistent with the recent history of CO(2) in the atmosphere and provide constraints on the net carbon flux independent from national inventories derived from accounting efforts. We find the North American terrestrial biosphere to have absorbed -0.65 PgC/yr (1 petagram = 10(15) g; negative signs are used for carbon sinks) averaged over the period studied, partly offsetting the estimated 1.85 PgC/yr release by fossil fuel burning and cement manufacturing. Uncertainty on this estimate is derived from a set of sensitivity experiments and places the sink within a range of -0.4 to -1.0 PgC/yr. The estimated sink is located mainly in the deciduous forests along the East Coast (32%) and the boreal coniferous forests (22%). Terrestrial uptake fell to -0.32 PgC/yr during the large-scale drought of 2002, suggesting sensitivity of the contemporary carbon sinks to climate extremes. CarbonTracker results are in excellent agreement with a wide collection of carbon inventories that form the basis of the first North American State of the Carbon Cycle Report (SOCCR), to be released in 2007. All CarbonTracker results are freely available at http://carbontracker.noaa.gov.
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Singh HB, Brune WH, Crawford JH, Jacob DJ, Russell PB. Overview of the summer 2004 Intercontinental Chemical Transport Experiment–North America (INTEX-A). ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006. [DOI: 10.1029/2006jd007905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 208] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Bösch H, Toon GC, Sen B, Washenfelder RA, Wennberg PO, Buchwitz M, de Beek R, Burrows JP, Crisp D, Christi M, Connor BJ, Natraj V, Yung YL. Space-based near-infrared CO2
measurements: Testing the Orbiting Carbon Observatory retrieval algorithm and validation concept using SCIAMACHY observations over Park Falls, Wisconsin. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006. [DOI: 10.1029/2006jd007080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 132] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- H. Bösch
- Jet Propulsion Laboratory; California Institute of Technology; Pasadena California USA
| | - G. C. Toon
- Jet Propulsion Laboratory; California Institute of Technology; Pasadena California USA
| | - B. Sen
- Jet Propulsion Laboratory; California Institute of Technology; Pasadena California USA
| | - R. A. Washenfelder
- Division of Geological and Planetary Sciences; California Institute of Technology; Pasadena California USA
| | - P. O. Wennberg
- Division of Geological and Planetary Sciences; California Institute of Technology; Pasadena California USA
| | - M. Buchwitz
- Institute of Environmental Physics; University of Bremen; Bremen Germany
| | - R. de Beek
- Institute of Environmental Physics; University of Bremen; Bremen Germany
| | - J. P. Burrows
- Institute of Environmental Physics; University of Bremen; Bremen Germany
| | - D. Crisp
- Jet Propulsion Laboratory; California Institute of Technology; Pasadena California USA
| | - M. Christi
- Department of Atmospheric Science; Colorado State University; Fort Collins Colorado USA
| | - B. J. Connor
- National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research; Lauder New Zealand
| | - V. Natraj
- Division of Geological and Planetary Sciences; California Institute of Technology; Pasadena California USA
| | - Y. L. Yung
- Division of Geological and Planetary Sciences; California Institute of Technology; Pasadena California USA
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