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Lu F, Chen S, Hu Z, Han Z, Alam K, Luo H, Bi H, Chen J, Guo X. Sensitivity and uncertainties assessment in radiative forcing due to aerosol optical properties in diverse locations in China. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 860:160447. [PMID: 36442626 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.160447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Revised: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Aerosol optical properties play an important role in affecting direct aerosol radiative forcing (DARF). However, DARF estimation is still uncertain due to the complexity of aerosol optical properties. Therefore, in this study, the spatiotemporal distributions of aerosol properties and their effects on DARF in China from 2004 to 2020 are investigated using the Santa Barbara DISORT Atmospheric Radiative Transfer (SBDART) model. The results show that the aerosol optical parameters vary greatly and change with seasonal regularity, which is greatly affected by human activities. The control variable method was employed on aerosol optical properties for better estimation of DARF. Single scattering albedo (SSA) has the greatest effect on DARF, followed by aerosol optical depth (AOD) and the asymmetric factor (ASY) among the seven examined stations in China. The average DARF decreases by 4.2 % when the SSA increases by 0.3 % but increases by 34.7 % when the SSA decreases by 3 % in mainland China. When the AOD changes from -60 to +60 %, DARF changes from -54.7 % to +58.4 %. The variation in DARF is between -3 % and +3 % when the ASY varies from -30 % to +30 %. The instability in DARF resulted from the complicated and volatile nature of aerosol optical properties in the region; the aerosol optical properties are greatly affected by the aerosol types and relative humidity. The results of this study have important reference significance for understanding the variation of DARF and formulating pollution prevention and control policies in the region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fuquan Lu
- Key Laboratory of Land Surface Process and Climate Change in Cold and Arid Regions, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China; Key Laboratory for Semi-Arid Climate Change of the Ministry of Education, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Siyu Chen
- Key Laboratory for Semi-Arid Climate Change of the Ministry of Education, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China.
| | - Zeyong Hu
- Key Laboratory of Land Surface Process and Climate Change in Cold and Arid Regions, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China.
| | - Zhiwei Han
- Key Laboratory of Regional Climate-Environment for Temperate East Asia, Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Khan Alam
- Key Laboratory for Semi-Arid Climate Change of the Ministry of Education, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China; Department of Physics, University of Peshawar, Peshawar 25120, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Hongyu Luo
- Key Laboratory of Land Surface Process and Climate Change in Cold and Arid Regions, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Hongru Bi
- Key Laboratory for Semi-Arid Climate Change of the Ministry of Education, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Junyan Chen
- Key Laboratory for Semi-Arid Climate Change of the Ministry of Education, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Xinyang Guo
- Key Laboratory for Semi-Arid Climate Change of the Ministry of Education, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
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Xia X, Che H, Shi H, Chen H, Zhang X, Wang P, Goloub P, Holben B. Advances in sunphotometer-measured aerosol optical properties and related topics in China: Impetus and perspectives. ATMOSPHERIC RESEARCH 2021; 249:105286. [PMID: 33012934 PMCID: PMC7518977 DOI: 10.1016/j.atmosres.2020.105286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2020] [Revised: 09/21/2020] [Accepted: 09/21/2020] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Aerosol is a critical trace component of the atmosphere. Many processes in the Earth's climate system are intimately related to aerosols via their direct and indirect radiative effects. Aerosol effects are not limited to these climatic aspects, however. They are also closely related to human health, photosynthesis, new energy, etc., which makes aerosol a central focus in many research fields. A fundamental requirement for improving our understanding of the diverse aerosol effects is to accumulate high-quality aerosol data by various measurement techniques. Sunphotometer remote sensing is one of the techniques that has been playing an increasingly important role in characterizing aerosols across the world. Much progress has been made on this aspect in China during the past decade, which is the work reviewed in this paper. Three sunphotometer networks have been established to provide high-quality observations of long-term aerosol optical properties across the country. Using this valuable dataset, our understanding of spatiotemporal variability and long-term trends of aerosol optical properties has been much improved. The radiative effects of aerosols both at the bottom and at the top of the atmosphere are comprehensively assessed. Substantial warming of the atmosphere by aerosol absorption is revealed. The long-range transport of dust from the Taklimakan Desert in Northwest China and anthropogenic aerosols from South Asia to the Tibetan Plateau is characterized based on ground-based and satellite remote sensing as well as model simulations. Effective methods to estimate chemical compositions from sunphotometer aerosol products are developed. Dozens of satellite and model aerosol products are validated, shedding new light on how to improve these products. These advances improve our understanding of the critical role played by aerosols in both the climate and environment. Finally, a perspective on future research is presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangao Xia
- LAGEO, Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210044, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Huizheng Che
- State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather (LASW) and Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Chemistry (LAC), Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences, CMA, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Hongrong Shi
- LAGEO, Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Hongbin Chen
- LAGEO, Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210044, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xiaoye Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather (LASW) and Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Chemistry (LAC), Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences, CMA, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Pucai Wang
- LAGEO, Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Phillipe Goloub
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, UMR 8518 - LOA - Laboratoire d'Optique Atmosphérique, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Brent Holben
- Biospheric Sciences Branch, Code 923, NASA/Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, USA
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Analysis of Spatial and Temporal Variability of the PAR/GHI Ratio and PAR Modeling Based on Two Satellite Estimates. REMOTE SENSING 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/rs12081262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The main objectives of this work are to address the analysis of the spatial and temporal variability of the ratio between photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) and global horizontal irradiance (GHI), as well as to develop PAR models. The analysis was carried out using data from three stations located in mainland Spain covering three climates: oceanic, standard Mediterranean, and continental Mediterranean. The results of this analysis showed a clear dependence between the PAR/GHI ratio and the location; the oceanic climate showed higher values of PAR/GHI compared with Mediterranean climates. Further, the temporal variability of PAR/GHI was conditioned by the variability of clearness index, so it was also higher in oceanic than in Mediterranean climates. On the other hand, Climate Monitoring Satellite Facility (CM-SAF) and Moderate-Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) data were used to estimate PAR as a function of GHI over the whole territory. The validation with ground measurements showed better performance of the MODIS-estimates-derived model for the oceanic climate (root-mean-square error (RMSE) around 5%), while the model obtained from CM-SAF fitted better for Mediterranean climates (RMSEs around 2%).
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Spatio-Temporal Variation in AOD and Correlation Analysis with PAR and NPP in China from 2001 to 2017. REMOTE SENSING 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/rs12060976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Atmospheric aerosols can elicit variations in how much solar radiation reaches the ground surface due to scattering and absorption, which may affect plant photosynthesis and carbon uptake in terrestrial ecosystems. In this study, the spatio-temporal variations in aerosol optical depth (AOD) are compared with that in photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) and net primary productivity (NPP) during 2001–2017 in China using multiple remote sensing data. The correlations between them are analyzed at different scales. Overall, the AOD exhibited a northeast-to-southwest decreasing pattern in space. A national increasing trend of 0.004 year−1 and a declining trend of −0.007 year−1 of AOD are observed during 2001–2008 and 2009–2017. The direct PAR (PARdir) and diffuse PAR (PARdif) present consistent and opposite tendency with AOD during two periods, respectively. The total PAR (PARtotal) shows a similar variation pattern with PARdir. In terms of annual variation, the peaks of AOD coincide with the peaks of PARdif and the troughs of PARdir, indicating that aerosols have a significant positive impact on PARdir and a negative impact on PARdif. Furthermore, the PARdir has a stronger negative association with AOD than the positive correlation between PARdif and AOD at national and regional scales, indicating that PARdir is more sensitive to aerosol changes. The NPP has higher values in the east than in the west and exhibits a significant increasing trend of 0.035 gCm−2day−1 after 2008. The NPP has a negative correlation (−0.4–0) with AOD and PARdif and a positive correlation (0–0.4) with PARdir in most areas of China. The area covered by forests has the highest NPP-PAR correlation, indicating that NPP in forests is more sensitive to the PAR than is the NPP in grasslands and croplands. This study is beneficial for interpreting the aerosol-induced PAR impact on plant growth and for predicting plant production on haze days.
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Wu H, Wang T, Riemer N, Chen P, Li M, Li S. Urban heat island impacted by fine particles in Nanjing, China. Sci Rep 2017; 7:11422. [PMID: 28900265 PMCID: PMC5595981 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-11705-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2017] [Accepted: 08/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Atmospheric aerosol particles (especially particles with aerodynamic diameters equal to or less than 2.5 μm, called PM2.5) can affect the surface energy balance and atmospheric heating rates and thus may impact the intensity of urban heat islands. In this paper, the effect of fine particles on the urban heat island intensity in Nanjing was investigated via the analysis of observational data and numerical modelling. The observations showed that higher PM2.5 concentrations over the urban area corresponded to lower urban heat island (UHI) intensities, especially during the day. Under heavily polluted conditions, the UHI intensity was reduced by up to 1 K. The numerical simulation results confirmed the weakening of the UHI intensity due to PM2.5 via the higher PM2.5 concentrations present in the urban region than those in the suburban areas. The effects of the fine particles on the UHI reduction were limited to the lowest 500–1000 m. The daily range of the surface air temperature was also reduced by up to 1.1 K due to the particles’ radiative effects. In summary, PM2.5 noticeably impacts UHI intensity, which should be considered in future studies on air pollution and urban climates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Wu
- School of Atmospheric Sciences, CMA-NJU Joint Laboratory for Climate Prediction Studies, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Climate Change, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Tijian Wang
- School of Atmospheric Sciences, CMA-NJU Joint Laboratory for Climate Prediction Studies, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Climate Change, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.
| | - Nicole Riemer
- Department of Atmospheric Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, USA
| | - Pulong Chen
- School of Atmospheric Sciences, CMA-NJU Joint Laboratory for Climate Prediction Studies, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Climate Change, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Mengmeng Li
- School of Atmospheric Sciences, CMA-NJU Joint Laboratory for Climate Prediction Studies, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Climate Change, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Shu Li
- School of Atmospheric Sciences, CMA-NJU Joint Laboratory for Climate Prediction Studies, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Climate Change, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
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Parameterization of clear-sky surface irradiance and its implications for estimation of aerosol direct radiative effect and aerosol optical depth. Sci Rep 2015; 5:14376. [PMID: 26395310 PMCID: PMC4585779 DOI: 10.1038/srep14376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2015] [Accepted: 08/24/2015] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Aerosols impact clear-sky surface irradiance () through the effects of scattering and absorption. Linear or nonlinear relationships between aerosol optical depth (τa) and have been established to describe the aerosol direct radiative effect on (ADRE). However, considerable uncertainties remain associated with ADRE due to the incorrect estimation of (τa in the absence of aerosols). Based on data from the Aerosol Robotic Network, the effects of τa, water vapor content (w) and the cosine of the solar zenith angle (μ) on are thoroughly considered, leading to an effective parameterization of as a nonlinear function of these three quantities. The parameterization is proven able to estimate with a mean bias error of 0.32 W m−2, which is one order of magnitude smaller than that derived using earlier linear or nonlinear functions. Applications of this new parameterization to estimate τa from , or vice versa, show that the root-mean-square errors were 0.08 and 10.0 Wm−2, respectively. Therefore, this study establishes a straightforward method to derive from τa or estimate τa from measurements if water vapor measurements are available.
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Sun H, Pan Z, Liu X. Numerical simulation of spatial-temporal distribution of dust aerosol and its direct radiative effects on East Asian climate. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1029/2011jd017219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Li Z, Li C, Chen H, Tsay SC, Holben B, Huang J, Li B, Maring H, Qian Y, Shi G, Xia X, Yin Y, Zheng Y, Zhuang G. East Asian Studies of Tropospheric Aerosols and their Impact on Regional Climate (EAST-AIRC): An overview. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.1029/2010jd015257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Wang W, Cheng T, Zhang R, Jia X, Han Z, Zhang X, Xu X, Li D. Insights into an Asian dust event sweeping Beijing during April 2006: Particle chemical composition, boundary layer structure, and radiative forcing. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1029/2009jd013391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Streets DG, Yan F, Chin M, Diehl T, Mahowald N, Schultz M, Wild M, Wu Y, Yu C. Anthropogenic and natural contributions to regional trends in aerosol optical depth, 1980–2006. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009. [DOI: 10.1029/2008jd011624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 174] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Xia X, Li Z, Holben B, Wang P, Eck T, Chen H, Cribb M, Zhao Y. Aerosol optical properties and radiative effects in the Yangtze Delta region of China. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007. [DOI: 10.1029/2007jd008859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Li Z, Chen H, Cribb M, Dickerson R, Holben B, Li C, Lu D, Luo Y, Maring H, Shi G, Tsay SC, Wang P, Wang Y, Xia X, Zheng Y, Yuan T, Zhao F. Preface to special section on East Asian Studies of Tropospheric Aerosols: An International Regional Experiment (EAST-AIRE). ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007. [DOI: 10.1029/2007jd008853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 133] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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