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Comparing Two Independent Satellite-Based Algorithms for Detecting and Tracking Ash Clouds by Using SEVIRI Sensor. SENSORS 2018; 18:s18020369. [PMID: 29382058 PMCID: PMC5855105 DOI: 10.3390/s18020369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2018] [Revised: 01/23/2018] [Accepted: 01/25/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The Eyjafjallajökull (Iceland) volcanic eruption of April–May 2010 caused unprecedented air-traffic disruption in Northern Europe, revealing some important weaknesses of current operational ash-monitoring and forecasting systems and encouraging the improvement of methods and procedures for supporting the activities of Volcanic Ash Advisory Centers (VAACs) better. In this work, we compare two established satellite-based algorithms for ash detection, namely RSTASH and the operational London VAAC method, both exploiting sensor data of the spinning enhanced visible and infrared imager (SEVIRI). We analyze similarities and differences in the identification of ash clouds during the different phases of the Eyjafjallajökull eruption. The work reveals, in some cases, a certain complementary behavior of the two techniques, whose combination might improve the identification of ash-affected areas in specific conditions. This is indicated by the quantitative comparison of the merged SEVIRI ash product, achieved integrating outputs of the RSTASH and London VAAC methods, with independent atmospheric infrared sounder (AIRS) DDA (dust-detection algorithm) observations.
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Jiang J. Novel Applications of Micro/Nanostructured Volcanic Ash for Water Purification and Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy. ANAL LETT 2016. [DOI: 10.1080/00032719.2016.1161048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Dioguardi F, Mele D. A new shape dependent drag correlation formula for non-spherical rough particles. Experiments and results. POWDER TECHNOL 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.powtec.2015.02.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Dioguardi F, Dellino P, Mele D. Integration of a new shape-dependent particle–fluid drag coefficient law in the multiphase Eulerian–Lagrangian code MFIX-DEM. POWDER TECHNOL 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.powtec.2014.03.071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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McCormick BT, Edmonds M, Mather TA, Campion R, Hayer CSL, Thomas HE, Carn SA. Volcano monitoring applications of the Ozone Monitoring Instrument. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013. [DOI: 10.1144/sp380.11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
AbstractThe Ozone Monitoring Instrument (OMI) is a satellite-based ultraviolet (UV) spectrometer with unprecedented sensitivity to atmospheric sulphur dioxide (SO2) concentrations. Since late 2004, OMI has provided a high-quality SO2 dataset with near-continuous daily global coverage. In this review, we discuss the principal applications of this dataset to volcano monitoring: (1) the detection and tracking of large eruption clouds, primarily for aviation hazard mitigation; and (2) the use of OMI data for long-term monitoring of volcanic degassing. This latter application is relatively novel, and despite showing some promise, requires further study into a number of key uncertainties. We discuss these uncertainties, and illustrate their potential impact on volcano monitoring with OMI through four new case studies. We also discuss potential future avenues of research using OMI data, with a particular emphasis on the need for greater integration between various monitoring strategies, instruments and datasets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brendan T. McCormick
- COMET+, National Centre for Earth Observation, Department of Earth Sciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3EQ, UK
| | - Marie Edmonds
- COMET+, National Centre for Earth Observation, Department of Earth Sciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3EQ, UK
| | - Tamsin A. Mather
- COMET+, National Centre for Earth Observation, Department of Earth Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3AN, UK
| | - Robin Campion
- Service de Chimie Quantique et Photophysique, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 50 Ave Roosevelt, CP160/02, 1050 Bruxelles, Belgium
| | - Catherine S. L. Hayer
- COMET+, National Centre for Earth Observation, Environmental Systems Science Centre, University of Reading, Reading RG6 6AL, UK
| | - Helen E. Thomas
- Department of Geological and Mining Sciences and Engineering, Michigan Technological, University, Houghton, Michigan, USA
| | - Simon A. Carn
- Department of Geological and Mining Sciences and Engineering, Michigan Technological, University, Houghton, Michigan, USA
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Gudmundsson MT, Thordarson T, Höskuldsson A, Larsen G, Björnsson H, Prata FJ, Oddsson B, Magnússon E, Högnadóttir T, Petersen GN, Hayward CL, Stevenson JA, Jónsdóttir I. Ash generation and distribution from the April-May 2010 eruption of Eyjafjallajökull, Iceland. Sci Rep 2012; 2:572. [PMID: 22893851 PMCID: PMC3418519 DOI: 10.1038/srep00572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 248] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2012] [Accepted: 07/30/2012] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The 39-day long eruption at the summit of Eyjafjallajökull volcano in April-May 2010 was of modest size but ash was widely dispersed. By combining data from ground surveys and remote sensing we show that the erupted material was 4.8±1.2·10¹¹ kg (benmoreite and trachyte, dense rock equivalent volume 0.18±0.05 km³). About 20% was lava and water-transported tephra, 80% was airborne tephra (bulk volume 0.27 km³) transported by 3-10 km high plumes. The airborne tephra was mostly fine ash (diameter <1000 µm). At least 7·10¹⁰ kg (70 Tg) was very fine ash (<28 µm), several times more than previously estimated via satellite retrievals. About 50% of the tephra fell in Iceland with the remainder carried towards south and east, detected over ~7 million km² in Europe and the North Atlantic. Of order 10¹⁰ kg (2%) are considered to have been transported longer than 600-700 km with <10⁸ kg (<0.02%) reaching mainland Europe.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magnús T Gudmundsson
- Nordvulk, Institute of Earth Sciences, University of Iceland, Sturlugata 7, 101 Reykjavík, Iceland.
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