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Edwards BA, Kushner DS, Outridge PM, Wang F. Fifty years of volcanic mercury emission research: Knowledge gaps and future directions. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 757:143800. [PMID: 33280881 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.143800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2020] [Revised: 10/16/2020] [Accepted: 10/21/2020] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Volcanism is a potentially important natural source of mercury (Hg) to the environment. However, its impact on the global Hg cycle remains poorly understood despite advances over the last five decades. This represents a major uncertainty in our understanding of the relative contributions of natural and anthropogenic Hg sources to the global atmosphere. This uncertainty, in turn, impacts evaluation of the effectiveness of policies to mitigate the impact of anthropogenic Hg on the environment. Here we critically review recent progress in volcanic Hg emission research, including advances in sampling methods and understanding of the post-emission behavior of Hg in the atmosphere. Our statistical analysis of the limited available data shows that the plumes of non-arc volcanoes exhibit significantly higher Hg concentrations than arc volcanoes, yet the latter emit 3-fold higher Hg fluxes on average. Arc volcanism also dominates volcanic gas emissions globally, indicating that arc volcanoes should be a priority for future Hg emission research. We explore several methodological challenges that continue to hinder progress in quantifying global volcanic Hg emissions, and discuss the importance of longer time-frame data collection to capture temporal variations in emissions. Recommendations are proposed for working toward a more accurate assessment of the global volcanic Hg flux. A detailed summary of all published volcanic Hg emissions data worldwide is also presented as a reference tool for future work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brock A Edwards
- Centre for Earth Observation Science, Department of Environment and Geography, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada; Geological Survey of Canada, Natural Resources Canada, 601 Booth Street, Ottawa, ON K1A 0E8, Canada.
| | - D Skye Kushner
- University of Alaska Fairbanks, Geophysical Institute, 2156 N Koyukuk Drive, Fairbanks, AK 99775, USA
| | - Peter M Outridge
- Centre for Earth Observation Science, Department of Environment and Geography, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada; Geological Survey of Canada, Natural Resources Canada, 601 Booth Street, Ottawa, ON K1A 0E8, Canada
| | - Feiyue Wang
- Centre for Earth Observation Science, Department of Environment and Geography, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada
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Celik E, Durmus A, Adizel O, Nergiz Uyar H. A bibliometric analysis: what do we know about metals(loids) accumulation in wild birds? ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:10302-10334. [PMID: 33481198 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-12344-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2020] [Accepted: 01/02/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Metals and metalloids pollution is an important worldwide problem due to the social and ecological effects and therefore has been the subject of many disciplines and the adverse impacts have been documented. In this study, content analysis and trends of studies focused on heavy metal accumulation in birds were presented. For this purpose, a bibliometric network analysis of the studies that use the concepts of "pollution," "heavy metal," and "birds" together in the abstract, keywords, and titles of the papers was carried out. The purpose of choosing this research method was summarizing the relation between birds and environmental pollution in an understandable manner to determine metals(loids) pollution, which become an important environmental problem. Bibliometric data consisting of approximately 971 papers were evaluated with VOSviewer program using the network analysis method to answer the research questions. The results revealed that birds act as bioindicators in the determination of environmental pollution and that the contaminant metals deposited in the various tissues of birds provide preliminary information about environmental pollution. The most of bird studies emphasized that the metal accumulation was mostly in the liver, kidneys, and feathers and the accumulation caused serious problems in most of the vital activities of the birds. The USA is in the leading country in birds-heavy metal studies followed by Spain, Canada, and China. In addition, the mercury (Hg) was the most extensively studied heavy metal in these studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emrah Celik
- Vocational School of Technical Sciences, Department of Forestry, Hunting and Wildlife Program, Igdir University, Igdir, Turkey.
| | - Atilla Durmus
- Faculty of Science, Department of Biology, Division of Zoology, Van Yuzuncu Yıl University, Van, Turkey
| | - Ozdemir Adizel
- Faculty of Science, Department of Biology, Division of Zoology, Van Yuzuncu Yıl University, Van, Turkey
| | - Humeyra Nergiz Uyar
- Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Department of Biology, Bitlis Eren University, Bitlis, Turkey
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Delgado Quezada V, Altamirano Espinoza M, Bundschuh J. Arsenic in geoenvironments of Nicaragua: Exposure, health effects, mitigation and future needs. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 716:136527. [PMID: 32074937 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.136527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2019] [Revised: 12/31/2019] [Accepted: 01/03/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
In contrast to other Latin American countries, where the presence of arsenic (As) in drinking water sources and related adverse human health impacts are well-known, little is internationally known from Nicaragua. However, the As problem is of high relevance as numerous assessments by national research, governmental and non-governmental institutions have proven. To assess for the first time and globally disseminate this predominantly nationally originated information is the aim of this review. In Nicaragua, >1000 water samples have been analyzed for total As from 1991 to 2017. By today, 144 communities distributed within 12 departments and one autonomous region (RACCS) are impacted with As. At least 55,700 people are exposed to drinking water with As (n = 173; range: 10-1320 μg/L, mean: 48.30 μg/L; 21.95%). Arsenic in surface water ranged from 0.99 to 2650 μg/L (n = 124, mean: 65.62 μg/L, 62.9% < 10 μg/L); and in groundwater from 0.10 to 1320 μg/L [n = 624, mean: 20.86 μg/L (70.7% < 10 μg/L)]. The highest As concentration was recorded from a well of the El Zapote community in 1996 (1320 μg/L), alerting national authorities and academic's to research As in water sources and health risks. Since then, 10 μg As/L has been the national regulatory limit for drinking water supplies. Occurrence of high As levels is linked to three geoenvironments: (i) Paleocene-Mesozoic metamorphic rocks (Northern Highlands) where As is present in epithermal veins, (ii) Tertiary volcanic rocks (Central Plateau) where As is related to fossil hydrothermal/volcanic systems, (iii) Quaternary rocks (Nicaragua Depression) where As is caused by active geothermal/volcanic activities. No mitigation measures have been implemented. Incipient water treatment efforts (Kanchan filters activated carbon) have failed because they were not socially accepted. More integrated, cross-sectorial research on genesis, health impacts and problem mitigation is needed. Provision of water treatment units for As removal on a single-household and community scale is needed, calling for the cooperation of national entities with communities in problem detection and solving.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeria Delgado Quezada
- UNESCO Chair on Groundwater Arsenic within the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, University of Southern Queensland, West Street, Toowoomba, Queensland 4350, Australia; Centro para la Investigación en Recursos Acuáticos de Nicaragua (CIRA/UNAN-Managua). Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Nicaragua. Del Hospital Monte España 300 metros al Norte, Managua, Nicaragua
| | - Maximina Altamirano Espinoza
- Centro para la Investigación en Recursos Acuáticos de Nicaragua (CIRA/UNAN-Managua). Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Nicaragua. Del Hospital Monte España 300 metros al Norte, Managua, Nicaragua
| | - Jochen Bundschuh
- UNESCO Chair on Groundwater Arsenic within the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, University of Southern Queensland, West Street, Toowoomba, Queensland 4350, Australia.
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Morales-Simfors N, Bundschuh J, Herath I, Inguaggiato C, Caselli AT, Tapia J, Choquehuayta FEA, Armienta MA, Ormachea M, Joseph E, López DL. Arsenic in Latin America: A critical overview on the geochemistry of arsenic originating from geothermal features and volcanic emissions for solving its environmental consequences. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 716:135564. [PMID: 31918910 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.135564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2019] [Revised: 11/04/2019] [Accepted: 11/15/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Geothermal fluids and volcanic emissions are important sources of arsenic (As), resulting in elevated concentrations of As in ground-, surface-water and soil, which may adversely affect the environment. Arsenic originating from geothermal features and volcanic activities is common in Latin America forming a serious threat to the livelihoods of millions of people. This review attempts to provide a critical overview of the geochemistry of As originating from these sources in Latin America to understand what information exists about and what future research needs to be undertaken. This study evaluated 15 countries in Latin America. In total, 423 sites were characterized with As originating from geothermal sources, mostly related to present volcanic activity (0.001 < As<73 mg/L, mean: 36.5 mg/L) and the transboundary Guarani Aquifer System (0.001 < As<0.114 mg/L, mean: 0.06 mg/L). Many of the geothermal systems and volcanoes discussed in this study are close to densely populated cities, including Bogota, Managua, San José, Guatemala City and Mexico City, where total As concentrations in natural ground- and surface- water exceed the safe drinking water guideline of 0.01 mg/L, recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO). However, the wide geographical occurrence of As in geothermal fluids and volcanic emissions of this region is by far not fully understood, so that development of geographical maps based on geographic information system (GIS) is an urgent necessity to understand the real nature of the problem. The assessment of environmental risks and the potential impacts on human health both inadequate and scarce and hence, these gaps need to be addressed by future research. The present holistic assessment of As originating from geothermal features and volcanic emissions would be a driving force to formulate a plan for establishing a sustainable As mitigation in vulnerable areas of Latin America in the near future. An assessment of the geochemistry, mobility and distribution of As would augment the effectiveness of the plan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nury Morales-Simfors
- RISE Research Institutes of Sweden, Division ICT-RISE SICS East, Linköping SE-581.83, Sweden; School of Civil Engineering and Surveying, University of Southern Queensland, West Street, Toowoomba, 4350, Queensland, Australia; UNESCO Chair on Groundwater Arsenic within the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, University of Southern Queensland, West Street, Toowoomba, 4350, Queensland, Australia
| | - Jochen Bundschuh
- School of Civil Engineering and Surveying, University of Southern Queensland, West Street, Toowoomba, 4350, Queensland, Australia; UNESCO Chair on Groundwater Arsenic within the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, University of Southern Queensland, West Street, Toowoomba, 4350, Queensland, Australia.
| | - Indika Herath
- School of Civil Engineering and Surveying, University of Southern Queensland, West Street, Toowoomba, 4350, Queensland, Australia; UNESCO Chair on Groundwater Arsenic within the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, University of Southern Queensland, West Street, Toowoomba, 4350, Queensland, Australia
| | - Claudio Inguaggiato
- Departamento de Geología, Centro de Investigación Científica y de Educación Superior de Ensenada (CICESE), Carretera Ensenada-Tijuana, 3918, Ensenada, Baja California, Mexico
| | - Alberto T Caselli
- Instituto de Investigación en Paleobiología y Geología, Universidad Nacional de Rio Negro, 8332, Av. Gral. Julio Argentino Roca, Rio Negro, Argentina
| | - Joseline Tapia
- Escuela de Geología, Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad de Santo Tomás, Av. Ejército Libertador # 146, Torre A, Santiago, Chile
| | | | - María Aurora Armienta
- Instituto de Geofísica, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, C.U., 04150 Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Mauricio Ormachea
- Instituto de Investigaciones Químicas, Universidad Mayor de San Andrés, Campus Universitario, Calle 27 Cota Cota, Casilla 303, La Paz, Bolivia
| | - Erouscilla Joseph
- The UWI Seismic Research Centre, University of West Indies, Gordon St., Trinidad and Tobago
| | - Dina L López
- Department of Geological Sciences, Ohio University, 316 Clippinger Laboratories, Athens, OH, USA
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Yamac E, Ozden M, Kirazli C, Malkoc S. Heavy-metal concentrations in feathers of cinereous vulture (Aegypius monachus L.) as an endangered species in Turkey. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 26:833-843. [PMID: 30415366 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-018-3649-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2018] [Accepted: 10/31/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study is to find out the certain heavy-metal levels in the feathers of cinereous vulture (Aegypius monachus L.), which is a threatened species. The feathers of the cinereous vultures were collected from the breeding areas in Sündiken and Türkmenbaba Mountains. To avoid misleading results, vanes and calamuses of the rectrices were evaluated separately in terms of their As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Hg, Ni, Pb and Zn contents. ICP-OES was used to analyse the metal levels in feathers which belonged to 43 different individuals. All of the heavy-metal concentrations except for Cu were higher in vanes than in calamuses. The mean levels of Cd (0.254 ± 1.589 μg/g d.w. in the calamus and 0.334 ± 0.156 μg/g d.w. in the vane), Cr (6.536 ± 6.378 μg/g d.w. in the vane), Ni (11.886 ± 10.891 μg/g d.w. in the vane) and Pb (5.671 ± 3.884 μg/g d.w. in the vane) exceeded the threshold values for the birds. As a result, we recommend further studies to understand the effects of the heavy metals on the population of the species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elif Yamac
- Department of Biology, Science Faculty, Eskişehir Technical University, Eskişehir, Turkey.
| | - Menekse Ozden
- Graduate School of Sciences, Anadolu University, Eskişehir, Turkey
| | - Cihangir Kirazli
- Department of Wildlife Ecology and Management, Abant İzzet Baysal University, Bolu, Turkey
| | - Semra Malkoc
- Porsuk Vocational School, Eskişehir Technical Universtiy, Eskişehir, Turkey
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Calabrese S, D'Alessandro W, Bellomo S, Brusca L, Martin RS, Saiano F, Parello F. Characterization of the Etna volcanic emissions through an active biomonitoring technique (moss-bags): part 1--major and trace element composition. CHEMOSPHERE 2015; 119:1447-1455. [PMID: 25262949 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2014.08.086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2013] [Revised: 08/22/2014] [Accepted: 08/31/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Active biomonitoring using moss-bags was applied to an active volcanic environment for the first time. Bioaccumulation originating from atmospheric deposition was evaluated by exposing mixtures of washed and air-dried mosses (Sphagnum species) at 24 sites on Mt. Etna volcano (Italy). Concentrations of major and a large suite of trace elements were analysed by inductively coupled mass and optical spectrometry (ICP-MS and ICP-OES) after total acid digestion. Of the 49 elements analysed those which closely reflect summit volcanic emissions were S, Tl, Bi, Se, Cd, As, Cu, B, Na, Fe, Al. Enrichment factors and cluster analysis allowed clear distinction between volcanogenic, geogenic and anthropogenic inputs that affect the local atmospheric deposition. This study demonstrates that active biomonitoring with moss-bags is a suitable and robust technique for implementing inexpensive monitoring in scarcely accessible and harsh volcanic environments, giving time-averaged quantitative results of the local exposure to volcanic emissions. This task is especially important in the study area because the summit area of Mt. Etna is visited by nearly one hundred thousand tourists each year who are exposed to potentially harmful volcanic emissions.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Calabrese
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra e del Mare (DiSTeM), Università degli Studi di Palermo, via Archirafi 36, 90123 Palermo, Italy.
| | - W D'Alessandro
- Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV), Sezione di Palermo, via La Malfa 153, 90146 Palermo, Italy
| | - S Bellomo
- Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV), Sezione di Palermo, via La Malfa 153, 90146 Palermo, Italy
| | - L Brusca
- Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV), Sezione di Palermo, via La Malfa 153, 90146 Palermo, Italy
| | - R S Martin
- Department of Geography, University of Cambridge, CB2 3EN Cambridge, UK
| | - F Saiano
- Dipartimento Scienze Agrarie e Forestali (SAF), Università degli Studi di Palermo, viale delle scienze, 90128 Palermo, Italy
| | - F Parello
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra e del Mare (DiSTeM), Università degli Studi di Palermo, via Archirafi 36, 90123 Palermo, Italy
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Ilyinskaya E, Martin RS, Oppenheimer C. Aerosol formation in basaltic lava fountaining: Eyjafjallajökull volcano, Iceland. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1029/2011jd016811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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