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Griesche HJ, Seifert P, Engelmann R, Radenz M, Hofer J, Althausen D, Walbröl A, Barrientos-Velasco C, Baars H, Dahlke S, Tukiainen S, Macke A. Cloud micro- and macrophysical properties from ground-based remote sensing during the MOSAiC drift experiment. Sci Data 2024; 11:505. [PMID: 38755168 PMCID: PMC11099133 DOI: 10.1038/s41597-024-03325-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024] Open
Abstract
In the framework of the Multidisciplinary drifting Observatory for the Study of Arctic Climate Polarstern expedition, the Leibniz Institute for Tropospheric Research, Leipzig, Germany, operated the shipborne OCEANET-Atmosphere facility for cloud and aerosol observations throughout the whole year. OCEANET-Atmosphere comprises, amongst others, a multiwavelength Raman lidar, a microwave radiometer, and an optical disdrometer. A cloud radar was operated aboard Polarstern by the US Atmospheric Radiation Measurement program. These measurements were processed by applying the so-called Cloudnet methodology to derive cloud properties. To gain a comprehensive view of the clouds, lidar and cloud radar capabilities for low- and high-altitude observations were combined. Cloudnet offers a variety of products with a spatiotemporal resolution of 30 s and 30 m, such as the target classification, and liquid and ice microphysical properties. Additionally, a lidar-based low-level stratus retrieval was applied for cloud detection below the lowest range gate of the cloud radar. Based on the presented dataset, e.g., studies on cloud formation processes and their radiative impact, and model evaluation studies can be conducted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannes J Griesche
- Leibniz Institute for Tropospheric Research, Remote Sensing of Atmospheric Processes, Leipzig, 04318, Germany.
| | - Patric Seifert
- Leibniz Institute for Tropospheric Research, Remote Sensing of Atmospheric Processes, Leipzig, 04318, Germany
| | - Ronny Engelmann
- Leibniz Institute for Tropospheric Research, Remote Sensing of Atmospheric Processes, Leipzig, 04318, Germany
| | - Martin Radenz
- Leibniz Institute for Tropospheric Research, Remote Sensing of Atmospheric Processes, Leipzig, 04318, Germany
| | - Julian Hofer
- Leibniz Institute for Tropospheric Research, Remote Sensing of Atmospheric Processes, Leipzig, 04318, Germany
| | - Dietrich Althausen
- Leibniz Institute for Tropospheric Research, Remote Sensing of Atmospheric Processes, Leipzig, 04318, Germany
| | - Andreas Walbröl
- University of Cologne, Institute for Geophysics and Meteorology, Cologne, 50969, Germany
| | - Carola Barrientos-Velasco
- Leibniz Institute for Tropospheric Research, Remote Sensing of Atmospheric Processes, Leipzig, 04318, Germany
| | - Holger Baars
- Leibniz Institute for Tropospheric Research, Remote Sensing of Atmospheric Processes, Leipzig, 04318, Germany
| | - Sandro Dahlke
- Alfred-Wegener-Institute, Atmospheric Physics, Potsdam, 14473, Germany
| | - Simo Tukiainen
- Finnish Meteorological Institute, Atmospheric Composition Research Unit, 00101, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Andreas Macke
- Leibniz Institute for Tropospheric Research, Remote Sensing of Atmospheric Processes, Leipzig, 04318, Germany
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Fortunato Dos Santos Oliveira DC, Montilla-Rosero E, da Silva Lopes FJ, Morais FG, Landulfo E, Hoelzemann JJ. Aerosol properties in the atmosphere of Natal/Brazil measured by an AERONET Sun-photometer. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:9806-9823. [PMID: 33159225 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-11373-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2020] [Accepted: 10/21/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
We analyzed data measured by a Sun-photometer of the RIMA-AERONET network with the purpose to characterize the aerosol properties in the atmosphere over Natal, state capital of Rio Grande do Norte, at the coast of Northeast Brazil. Aerosol Optical Depth, Ångström Exponent, Volume Size Distribution, Single Scattering Albedo, Complex Refractive Index, Asymmetry Factor, and Precipitable Water were analyzed from August 2017 to March 2018. In addition, MODIS and CALIOP observations, local Lidar measurements, and modeled backward trajectories were analyzed in a case study on February 9, 2018, that consistently confirmed the identification of a persistent aerosol layer below 4 km agl. Aerosols present in the atmosphere of Natal showed monthly mean Aerosol Optical Depth at 500 nm below 0.15 (~ 75%), monthly means of the Ångström Exponent at 440-670 nm between 0.30 and 0.70 (~ 69%), bimodal Volume Size Distribution is dominantly coarse mode, Single Scattering Albedo at 440 nm is 0.80, Refractive Index - Real Part around 1.50, Refractive Index - Imaginary Part ranging from 0.01 to 0.04, and the Asymmetry Factor ranged from 0.73 to 0.80. The aerosol typing during the measurement period showed that atmospheric aerosol over Natal is mostly composed of mixed aerosol (58.10%), marine aerosol (34.80%), mineral dust (6.30%), and biomass burning aerosols (0.80%). Backward trajectories identified that 51% of the analyzed air masses over Natal originated from the African continent.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Elena Montilla-Rosero
- Physical Sciences Department, School of Science, EAFIT University, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Fábio Juliano da Silva Lopes
- Environmental Science Department, Institute of Environmental, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Science, Federal University of São Paulo - UNIFESP, Rua São Nicolau, 210, Centro, 09913-030, Diadema, São Paulo, Brazil
- Center for Lasers and Applications, Nuclear and Energy Research Institute-IPEN, Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes, 2242, Cidade Universitária, São Paulo, São Paulo, 05508-000, Brazil
| | - Fernando Gonçalves Morais
- Center for Lasers and Applications, Nuclear and Energy Research Institute-IPEN, Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes, 2242, Cidade Universitária, São Paulo, São Paulo, 05508-000, Brazil
- Physics Institute, University of São Paulo - USP, Rua do Matao, 1371, 05508-090, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Landulfo
- Center for Lasers and Applications, Nuclear and Energy Research Institute-IPEN, Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes, 2242, Cidade Universitária, São Paulo, São Paulo, 05508-000, Brazil
| | - Judith Johanna Hoelzemann
- Department of Atmospheric and Climate Sciences (UFRN/DCAC), Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil.
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Advection of Biomass Burning Aerosols towards the Southern Hemispheric Mid-Latitude Station of Punta Arenas as Observed with Multiwavelength Polarization Raman Lidar. REMOTE SENSING 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/rs13010138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
In this paper, we present long-term observations of the multiwavelength Raman lidar PollyXT conducted in the framework of the DACAPO-PESO campaign. Regardless of the relatively clean atmosphere in the southern mid-latitude oceans region, we regularly observed events of long-range transported smoke, originating either from regional sources in South America or from Australia. Two case studies will be discussed, both identified as smoke events that occurred on 5 February 2019 and 11 March 2019. For the first case considered, the lofted smoke layer was located at an altitude between 1.0 and 4.2 km, and apart from the predominance of smoke particles, particle linear depolarization values indicated the presence of dust particles. Mean lidar ratio values at 355 and 532 nm were 49 ± 12 and 24 ± 18 sr respectively, while the mean particle linear depolarization was 7.6 ± 3.6% at 532 nm. The advection of smoke and dust particles above Punta Arenas affected significantly the available cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) and ice nucleating particles (INP) in the lower troposphere, and effectively triggered the ice crystal formation processes. Regarding the second case, the thin smoke layers were observed at altitudes 5.5–7.0, 9.0 and 11.0 km. The particle linear depolarization ratio at 532 nm increased rapidly with height, starting from 2% for the lowest two layers and increasing up to 9.5% for the highest layer, indicating the possible presence of non-spherical coated soot aggregates. INP activation was effectively facilitated. The long-term analysis of the one year of observations showed that tropospheric smoke advection over Punta Arenas occurred 16 times (lasting from 1 to 17 h), regularly distributed over the period and with high potential to influence cloud formation in the otherwise pristine environment of the region.
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Kanngiesser F, Kahnert M. Coating material-dependent differences in modelled lidar-measurable quantities for heavily coated soot particles. OPTICS EXPRESS 2019; 27:36368-36387. [PMID: 31873418 DOI: 10.1364/oe.27.036368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2019] [Accepted: 11/17/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The optical properties of thickly coated soot particles are sensitive to the chemical composition, thus to the refractive index of the coating material. For 58 differently sized coated soot aggregates the extinction-to-backscatter ratio (lidar ratio) and the depolarisation ratio are computed at a wavelength of 355 nm, 532 nm and 1064 nm for two different coating materials: a toluene-based coating and a sulphate coating. Additionally the Ångström exponents between 355 nm and 532 nm as well as between 532 nm and 1064 nm are calculated. The extinction-to-backscatter ratio is found to allow a distinction between the coating materials at all three wavelengths, and the depolarisation ratio allows for a distinction at 355 and 532 nm.
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Magalhães ND, Evangelista H, Condom T, Rabatel A, Ginot P. Amazonian Biomass Burning Enhances Tropical Andean Glaciers Melting. Sci Rep 2019; 9:16914. [PMID: 31780676 PMCID: PMC6882791 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-53284-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2019] [Accepted: 10/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The melting of tropical glaciers provides water resources to millions of people, involving social, ecological and economic demands. At present, these water reservoirs are threatened by the accelerating rates of mass loss associated with modern climate changes related to greenhouse gas emissions and ultimately land use/cover change. Until now, the effects of land use/cover change on the tropical Andean glaciers of South America through biomass burning activities have not been investigated. In this study, we quantitatively examine the hypothesis that regional land use/cover change is a contributor to the observed glacier mass loss, taking into account the role of Amazonian biomass burning. We demonstrated here, for the first time, that for tropical Andean glaciers, a massive contribution of black carbon emitted from biomass burning in the Amazon Basin does exist. This is favorable due to its positioning with respect to Amazon Basin fire hot spots and the predominant wind direction during the transition from the dry to wet seasons (Aug-Sep-Oct), when most fire events occur. We investigated changes in Bolivian Zongo Glacier albedo due to impurities on snow, including black carbon surface deposition and its potential for increasing annual glacier melting. We showed that the magnitude of the impact of Amazonian biomass burning depends on the dust content in snow. When high concentration of dust is present (e.g. 100 ppm of dust), the dust absorbs most of the radiation that otherwise would be absorbed by the BC. Our estimations point to a melting factor of 3.3 ± 0.8% for black carbon, and 5.0 ± 1.0% for black carbon in the presence of low dust content (e.g. 10 ppm of dust). For the 2010 hydrological year, we reported an increase in runoff corresponding to 4.5% of the annual discharge during the seasonal peak fire season, which is consistent with our predictions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Newton de Magalhães
- Laboratory of Geoprocessing, Institute of Geography, Rio de Janeiro State University, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. .,Geochemestry PHD program, Federal Fluminense University, Niteroi, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. .,Laboratory of Radioecology and Global Change, Institute of Biology Roberto Alcantara Gomes, Rio de Janeiro State University, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
| | - Heitor Evangelista
- Geochemestry PHD program, Federal Fluminense University, Niteroi, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,Laboratory of Radioecology and Global Change, Institute of Biology Roberto Alcantara Gomes, Rio de Janeiro State University, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Thomas Condom
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, IRD, Grenoble-INP, Institut des Géosciences de l'Environnement (IGE, UMR 5001), F-38000, Grenoble, France
| | - Antoine Rabatel
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, IRD, Grenoble-INP, Institut des Géosciences de l'Environnement (IGE, UMR 5001), F-38000, Grenoble, France
| | - Patrick Ginot
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, IRD, Grenoble-INP, Institut des Géosciences de l'Environnement (IGE, UMR 5001), F-38000, Grenoble, France
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Ceca LSD, Ferreyra MFG, Lyapustin A, Chudnovsky A, Otero L, Carreras H, Barnaba F. Satellite-based view of the aerosol spatial and temporal variability in the Córdoba region (Argentina) using over ten years of high-resolution data. ISPRS JOURNAL OF PHOTOGRAMMETRY AND REMOTE SENSING : OFFICIAL PUBLICATION OF THE INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY FOR PHOTOGRAMMETRY AND REMOTE SENSING (ISPRS) 2018; 145:250-267. [PMID: 31105384 PMCID: PMC6516067 DOI: 10.1016/j.isprsjprs.2018.08.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Space-based observations offer a unique opportunity to investigate the atmosphere and its changes over decadal time scales, particularly in regions lacking in situ and/or ground based observations. In this study, we investigate temporal and spatial variability of atmospheric particulate matter (aerosol) over the urban area of Córdoba (central Argentina) using over ten years (2003-2015) of high-resolution (1 km) satellite-based retrievals of aerosol optical depth (AOD). This fine resolution is achieved exploiting the capabilities of a recently developed inversion algorithm (Multiangle implementation of atmospheric correction, MAIAC) applied to the MODIS sensor datasets of the NASA-Terra and -Aqua platforms. Results of this investigation show a clear seasonality of AOD over the investigated area. This is found to be shaped by an intricate superposition of aerosol sources, acting over different spatial scales and affecting the region with different yearly cycles. During late winter and spring (August-October), local as well as near- and long-range transported biomass burning (BB) aerosols enhance the Córdoba aerosol load, and AOD levels reach their maximum values (> 0.35 at 0.47μm). The fine AOD spatial resolution allowed to disclose that, in this period, AOD maxima are found in the rural/agricultural area around the city, reaching up to the city boundaries pinpointing that fires of local and near-range origin play a major role in the AOD enhancement. A reverse spatial AOD gradient is found from December to March, the urban area showing AODs 40 to 80% higher than in the city surroundings. In fact, during summer, the columnar aerosol load over the Córdoba region is dominated by local (urban and industrial) sources, likely coupled to secondary processes driven by enhanced radiation and mixing effects within a deeper planetary boundary layer (PBL). With the support of modelled AOD data from the Modern-Era Retrospective Analysis for Research and Application (MERRA), we further investigated into the chemical nature of AOD. The results suggest that mineral dust is also an important aerosol component in Córdoba, with maximum impact from November to February. The use of a long-term dataset finally allowed a preliminary assessment of AOD trends over the Córdoba region. For those months in which local sources and secondary processes were found to dominate the AOD (December to March), we found a positive AOD trend in the Córdoba outskirts, mainly in the areas with maximum urbanization/population growth over the investigated decade. Conversely, a negative AOD trend (up to -0.1 per decade) is observed all over the rural area of Córdoba during the BB season, this being attributed to a decrease of fires both at the local and the continental scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lara Sofía Della Ceca
- Instituto de Altos Estudios Espaciales ‘Mario Gulich’, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba (UNC)/Comisión Nacional de Actividades Espaciales (CONAE), Ruta Provincial C45 a 8 Km, Falda del Cañete, Córdoba, Argentina
- Instituto de Física Rosario (IFIR), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET) and Universidad Nacional de Rosario (UNR), Bv 27 de Febrero 210bis, Rosario, Argentina
| | - María Fernanda García Ferreyra
- Instituto de Altos Estudios Espaciales ‘Mario Gulich’, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba (UNC)/Comisión Nacional de Actividades Espaciales (CONAE), Ruta Provincial C45 a 8 Km, Falda del Cañete, Córdoba, Argentina
- Comisión Nacional de Actividades Espaciales (CONAE), Ruta Provincial C45 a 8 Km, Falda del Cañete, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Alexei Lyapustin
- NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, code 613, Greenbelt, Maryland 20771 USA
| | - Alexandra Chudnovsky
- Department of Geography and Human Environment, School of Geosciences, Faculty of Exact Sciences, Tel-Aviv University, Israel
| | - Lidia Otero
- Centro de Investigaciones en Láseres y Aplicaciones (CEILAP)-UNIDEF (MINDEF-CONICET) – CITEDEF, Juan Bautista de La Salle 4397 (B1063ALO), Villa Martelli, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Universidad de la Defensa Nacional, Escuela Superior Técnica Grl Div Manuel N. Savio - Facultad del Ejército, Av. Cabildo 15 (C1426AAA), Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Hebe Carreras
- Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal (IMBIV), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET) and Departamento de Química, FCEFyN, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Av.Velez Sarsfield 299, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Francesca Barnaba
- Istituto di Scienze dell’Atmosfera e del Clima, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (ISAC-CNR), Via Fosso del Cavaliere, 100 – 00133, Rome, Italy
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Wandinger U, Baars H, Engelmann R, Hünerbein A, Horn S, Kanitz T, Donovan D, van Zadelhoff GJ, Daou D, Fischer J, von Bismarck J, Filipitsch F, Docter N, Eisinger M, Lajas D, Wehr T. HETEAC: The Aerosol Classification Model for EarthCARE. EPJ WEB OF CONFERENCES 2016. [DOI: 10.1051/epjconf/201611901004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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8
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Janicka L, Stachlewska IS, Markowicz KM, Baars H, Engelmann R, Heese B. Lidar Measurements of Canadian Forest Fire Smoke Episode Observed in July 2013 over Warsaw, Poland. EPJ WEB OF CONFERENCES 2016. [DOI: 10.1051/epjconf/201611918005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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9
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Marenco F, Johnson B, Langridge J, Mulcahy J, Benedetti A, Remy S, Jones L, Szpek K, Haywood J. Biomass Burning Aerosols in the Amazon Basin, Characterised by Lidar, Optical Particle Counters, and Modelling. EPJ WEB OF CONFERENCES 2016. [DOI: 10.1051/epjconf/201611923006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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10
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Kanitz T, Ansmann A, Engelmann R, Althausen D. North-south cross sections of the vertical aerosol distribution over the Atlantic Ocean from multiwavelength Raman/polarization lidar during Polarstern cruises. JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH. ATMOSPHERES : JGR 2013; 118:2643-2655. [PMID: 25821662 PMCID: PMC4370761 DOI: 10.1002/jgrd.50273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2012] [Revised: 02/01/2013] [Accepted: 02/12/2013] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Shipborne aerosol lidar observations were performed aboard the research vessel Polarstern in 2009 and 2010 during three north-south cruises from about 50°N to 50°S. The aerosol data set provides an excellent opportunity to characterize and contrast the vertical aerosol distribution over the Atlantic Ocean in the polluted northern and relatively clean southern hemisphere. Three case studies, an observed pure Saharan dust plume, a Patagonian dust plume east of South America, and a case of a mixed dust/smoke plume west of Central Africa are exemplarily shown and discussed by means of their optical properties. The meridional transatlantic cruises were used to determine the latitudinal cross section of the aerosol optical thickness (AOT). Profiles of particle backscatter and extinction coefficients are presented as mean profiles for latitudinal belts to contrast northern- and southern-hemispheric aerosol loads and optical effects. Results of lidar observations at Punta Arenas (53°S), Chile, and Stellenbosch (34°S), South Africa, are shown and confirm the lower frequency of occurrence of free-tropospheric aerosol in the southern hemisphere than in the northern hemisphere. The maximum latitudinal mean AOT of 0.27 was found in the northern tropics (0- 15°N) in the Saharan outflow region. Marine AOT is typically 0.05 ± 0.03. Particle optical properties are presented separately for the marine boundary layer and the free troposphere. Concerning the contrast between the anthropogenically influenced midlatitudinal aerosol conditions in the 30- 60°N belt and the respective belt in the southern hemisphere over the remote Atlantic, it is found that the AOT and extinction coefficients for the vertical column from 0-5km (total aerosol column) and 1-5km height (lofted aerosol above the marine boundary layer) are a factor of 1.6 and 2 higher at northern midlatitudes than at respective southern midlatitudes, and a factor of 2.5 higher than at the clean marine southern-hemispheric site of Punta Arenas. The strong contrast is confined to the lowermost 3km of the atmosphere.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Kanitz
- Leibniz Institute for Tropospheric Research Leipzig, Germany
| | - A Ansmann
- Leibniz Institute for Tropospheric Research Leipzig, Germany
| | - R Engelmann
- Leibniz Institute for Tropospheric Research Leipzig, Germany
| | - D Althausen
- Leibniz Institute for Tropospheric Research Leipzig, Germany
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