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Andrés N, Sahraoui F, Galtier S, Hadid LZ, Ferrand R, Huang SY. Energy Cascade Rate Measured in a Collisionless Space Plasma with MMS Data and Compressible Hall Magnetohydrodynamic Turbulence Theory. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2019; 123:245101. [PMID: 31922873 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.123.245101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2019] [Revised: 11/12/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The first complete estimation of the compressible energy cascade rate |ϵ_{C}| at magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) and subion scales is obtained in Earth's magnetosheath using Magnetospheric MultiScale spacecraft data and an exact law derived recently for compressible Hall MHD turbulence. A multispacecraft technique is used to compute the velocity and magnetic gradients, and then all the correlation functions involved in the exact relation. It is shown that when the density fluctuations are relatively small, |ϵ_{C}| identifies well with its incompressible analog |ϵ_{I}| at MHD scales but becomes much larger than |ϵ_{I}| at subion scales. For larger density fluctuations, |ϵ_{C}| is larger than |ϵ_{I}| at every scale with a value significantly higher than for smaller density fluctuations. Our study reveals also that for both small and large density fluctuations, the nonflux terms remain always negligible with respect to the flux terms and that the major contribution to |ϵ_{C}| at subion scales comes from the compressible Hall flux.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Andrés
- Laboratoire de Physique des Plasmas, École Polytechnique, CNRS, Sorbonne University, Observatoire de Paris, Univ. Paris-Sud, F-91128 Palaiseau Cedex, France
- Instituto de Astronomía y Física del Espacio, CONICET-UBA, Ciudad Universitaria, 1428, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Departamento de Física, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, UBA, Ciudad Universitaria, 1428, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - F Sahraoui
- Laboratoire de Physique des Plasmas, École Polytechnique, CNRS, Sorbonne University, Observatoire de Paris, Univ. Paris-Sud, F-91128 Palaiseau Cedex, France
| | - S Galtier
- Laboratoire de Physique des Plasmas, École Polytechnique, CNRS, Sorbonne University, Observatoire de Paris, Univ. Paris-Sud, F-91128 Palaiseau Cedex, France
- Institut Universitaire de France (IUF), 2201 France
| | - L Z Hadid
- European Space Agency, ESTEC, 75231 Noordwijk, Netherlands
| | - R Ferrand
- Laboratoire de Physique des Plasmas, École Polytechnique, CNRS, Sorbonne University, Observatoire de Paris, Univ. Paris-Sud, F-91128 Palaiseau Cedex, France
| | - S Y Huang
- School of Electronic and Information, Wuhan University, 430072 Wuhan, China
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Hadid LZ, Sahraoui F, Galtier S, Huang SY. Compressible Magnetohydrodynamic Turbulence in the Earth's Magnetosheath: Estimation of the Energy Cascade Rate Using in situ Spacecraft Data. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2018; 120:055102. [PMID: 29481187 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.120.055102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2017] [Revised: 10/18/2017] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The first estimation of the energy cascade rate |ε_{C}| of magnetosheath turbulence is obtained using the Cluster and THEMIS spacecraft data and an exact law of compressible isothermal magnetohydrodynamics turbulence. The mean value of |ε_{C}| is found to be close to 10^{-13} J m^{-3} s^{-1}, at least 2 orders of magnitude larger than its value in the solar wind (∼10^{-16} J m^{-3} s^{-1} in the fast wind). Two types of turbulence are evidenced and shown to be dominated either by incompressible Alfvénic or compressible magnetosoniclike fluctuations. Density fluctuations are shown to amplify the cascade rate and its spatial anisotropy in comparison with incompressible Alfvénic turbulence. Furthermore, for compressible magnetosonic fluctuations, large cascade rates are found to lie mostly near the linear kinetic instability of the mirror mode. New empirical power-laws relating |ε_{C}| to the turbulent Mach number and to the internal energy are evidenced. These new findings have potential applications in distant astrophysical plasmas that are not accessible to in situ measurements.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Z Hadid
- Swedish Institute of Space Physics, SE 751 21, Uppsala, Sweden and LPP, CNRS, Ecole Polytechnique, Université Paris-Sud, Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris-Saclay, Sorbonne Université, PSL Research University, 91128 Palaiseau, France
| | - F Sahraoui
- LPP, CNRS, Ecole Polytechnique, Université Paris-Sud, Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris-Saclay, Sorbonne Université, PSL Research University, 91128 Palaiseau, France
| | - S Galtier
- LPP, CNRS, Ecole Polytechnique, Université Paris-Sud, Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris-Saclay, Sorbonne Université, PSL Research University, 91128 Palaiseau, France
| | - S Y Huang
- School of Electronic Information, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
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ULF Signals Observed Near the Magnetopause. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013. [DOI: 10.1029/gm090p0269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register]
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The Structure of the Magnetopause. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013. [DOI: 10.1029/gm090p0081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register]
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Paularena KI, Richardson JD, Kolpak MA, Jackson CR, Siscoe GL. A dawn-dusk density asymmetry in Earth's magnetosheath. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2001. [DOI: 10.1029/2000ja000177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Petrinec SM, Mukai T, Nishida A, Yamamoto T, Nakamura TK, Kokubun S. Geotail observations of magnetosheath flow near the magnetopause, using wind as a solar wind monitor. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1997. [DOI: 10.1029/97ja01637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Lin Y, Lee LC, Yan M. Generation of dynamic pressure pulses downstream of the bow shock by variations in the interplanetary magnetic field orientation. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1996. [DOI: 10.1029/95ja02985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Sibeck DG, Newell PT. Interplanetary magnetic field orientation for transient events in the outer magnetosphere. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1995. [DOI: 10.1029/94ja02135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Song P, Russell CT, Gary SP. Identification of low-frequency fluctuations in the terrestrial magnetosheath. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1994. [DOI: 10.1029/93ja03300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Song P, Russell CT, Fitzenreiter RJ, Gosling JT, Thomsen MF, Mitchell DG, Fuselier SA, Parks GK, Anderson RR, Hubert D. Structure and properties of the subsolar magnetopause for northward interplanetary magnetic field: Multiple-instrument particle observations. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1993. [DOI: 10.1029/93ja00606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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