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Hassler B, Daniel JS, Johnson BJ, Solomon S, Oltmans SJ. An assessment of changing ozone loss rates at South Pole: Twenty-five years of ozonesonde measurements. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.1029/2011jd016353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- B. Hassler
- Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences; University of Colorado at Boulder; Boulder Colorado USA
- Chemical Sciences Division; NOAA Earth System Research Laboratory; Boulder Colorado USA
| | - J. S. Daniel
- Chemical Sciences Division; NOAA Earth System Research Laboratory; Boulder Colorado USA
| | - B. J. Johnson
- Global Monitoring Division; NOAA Earth System Research Laboratory; Boulder Colorado USA
| | - S. Solomon
- Chemical Sciences Division; NOAA Earth System Research Laboratory; Boulder Colorado USA
- Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Science; University of Colorado at Boulder; Boulder Colorado USA
| | - S. J. Oltmans
- Global Monitoring Division; NOAA Earth System Research Laboratory; Boulder Colorado USA
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Gálvez O, Gómez PC, Pacios LF. Characterization of two types of intermolecular interactions on halogen monoxide monohydrates. J Comput Chem 2009; 30:2538-49. [PMID: 19373835 DOI: 10.1002/jcc.21260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Oscar Gálvez
- Departamento de Física Molecular, Instituto de Estructura de la Materia, CSIC, Serrano 121, Madrid 28006, Spain.
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Lee H, Kim YJ, Jung J, Lee C, Heue KP, Platt U, Hu M, Zhu T. Spatial and temporal variations in NO(2) distributions over Beijing, China measured by imaging differential optical absorption spectroscopy. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2009; 90:1814-1823. [PMID: 19111964 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2008.11.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2008] [Revised: 11/09/2008] [Accepted: 11/23/2008] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
During the CAREBEIJING campaign in 2006, imaging differential optical absorption spectroscopy (I-DOAS) measurements were made from 08:00 to 16:00 on September 9 and 10 over Beijing, China. Detailed images of the near-surface NO(2) differential slant column density (DSCD) distribution over Beijing were obtained. Images with less than a 30-min temporal resolution showed both horizontal and vertical variations in NO(2) distributions. For DSCD to mixing ratio conversion, path length along the lines of I-DOAS lines of sight was estimated using the light-extinction coefficient and Angstrom exponent data obtained by a transmissometer and a sunphotometer, respectively. Mixing ratios measured by an in-situ NO(2) analyzer were compared with those estimated by the I-DOAS instrument. The obtained temporal and spatial variations in NO(2) distributions measured by I-DOAS for the two days are interpreted with consideration of the locations of the major NO(x) sources and local wind conditions. I-DOAS measurements have been applied in this study for estimating NO(2) distribution over an urban area with multiple and distributed emission sources. Results are obtained for estimated temporal and spatial NO(2) distributions over the urban atmosphere; demonstrating the capability of the I-DOAS technique. We discuss in this paper the use of I-DOAS measurements to estimate the NO(2) distribution over an urban area with multiple distributed emission sources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanlim Lee
- Advanced Environmental Monitoring Research Center (ADEMRC), Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), 1 Oryong-Dong, Bukgu, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
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Solimannejad M, Alkorta I, Elguero J. Stabilities and properties of O3–HOCl complexes: A computational study. Chem Phys Lett 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2007.10.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Leigh RJ, Corlett GK, Friess U, Monks PS. Concurrent multiaxis differential optical absorption spectroscopy system for the measurement of tropospheric nitrogen dioxide. APPLIED OPTICS 2006; 45:7504-18. [PMID: 16983440 DOI: 10.1364/ao.45.007504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
The development of a new concurrent multiaxis (CMAX) sky viewing spectrometer to monitor rapidly changing urban concentrations of nitrogen dioxide is detailed. The CMAX differential optical absorption spectroscopy (DOAS) technique involves simultaneous spectral imaging of the zenith and off-axis measurements of spatially resolved scattered sunlight. Trace-gas amounts are retrieved from the measured spectra using the established DOAS technique. The potential of the CMAX DOAS technique to derive information on rapidly changing concentrations and the spatial distribution of NO2 in an urban environment is demonstrated. Three example data sets are presented from measurements during 2004 of tropospheric NO2 over Leicester, UK (52.62 degrees N, 1.12 degrees W). The data demonstrate the current capabilities and future potential of the CMAX DOAS method in terms of the ability to measure real-time spatially disaggregated urban NO2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roland J Leigh
- Earth Observation Science, Space Research Centre, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom
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6
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Gierczak T, Burkholder JB, Ravishankara AR. Rate coefficients for the reaction of OH with OClO between 242 and 392 K. INT J CHEM KINET 2006. [DOI: 10.1002/kin.20158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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7
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Solomon S, Portmann RW, Sasaki T, Hofmann DJ, Thompson DWJ. Four decades of ozonesonde measurements over Antarctica. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2005. [DOI: 10.1029/2005jd005917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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8
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McKeachie JR, Appel MF, Kirchner U, Schindler RN, Benter T. Observation of a Heterogeneous Source of OClO from the Reaction of ClO Radicals on Ice. J Phys Chem B 2004. [DOI: 10.1021/jp049314p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J. R. McKeachie
- Department of Chemistry, 516 Rowland Hall, University of California, Irvine, California 92697-2025
| | - M. F. Appel
- Department of Biology, Chemistry and Environmental Science, Christopher Newport University, 1 University Place, Newport News, Virginia 23606
| | - U. Kirchner
- Ford Forschungszentrum Aachen GmbH, Süsterfeldstrasse 200, D-52072 Aachen, Germany
| | - R. N. Schindler
- Christian-Albrechts Universität zu Kiel, Institut für Physikalische Chemie, Ludewig-Meyn-Strasse 8, 24098 Kiel, Germany
| | - Th. Benter
- Bergische Universität Wuppertal, FB CMathematik und Naturwissenschaften, Gauss Strasse 20, 42097 Wuppertal, Germany
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9
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Parthiban S, Lee TJ, Guha S, Francisco JS. Theoretical study of chlorine nitrates: implications for stratospheric chlorine chemistry. J Am Chem Soc 2003; 125:10446-58. [PMID: 12926970 DOI: 10.1021/ja010297g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Reported here is a theoretical study of possible stratospheric chlorine reservoir species including isomers of chemical formula ClNO(4) and ClNO(5), in addition to the well-known ClONO(2) reservoir species. Density functional theory (DFT) in conjunction with large one-particle basis sets has been used to determine equilibrium structures, dipole moments, rotational constants, harmonic vibrational frequencies, and infrared intensities. The B3LYP functional was used since it has previously been shown to perform well for similar compounds. The equilibrium geometry and vibrational spectra of ClONO(2) are shown to be in good agreement with the experimental data and also with high-level coupled-cluster calculations reported previously. Three stable isomers have been identified for each ClNO(4) and ClNO(5). The vibrational spectrum of O(2)ClONO(2) has been compared with the available experimental data and found to be in good agreement. The relative energetics of the ClNO(4) and ClNO(5) isomers have been determined using large atomic natural orbital (ANO) basis sets in conjunction with the singles and doubles coupled-cluster method that includes a perturbational correction for triple excitations, denoted CCSD(T). Accurate heats of formation have been evaluated by computing energies for isodesmic reactions involving the ClNO(4) and ClNO(5) isomers. The stability of these molecules with respect to thermal dissociation is examined. The present study suggests that isomers of ClNO(4) and ClNO(5) may have no atmospheric chemical relevance because the atmospheric concentrations of the necessary reactants are insufficient, but it is also found that under laboratory conditions the formation of O(2)ClONO(2) cannot be ignored.
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New measurements of OClO absorption cross-sections in the 325–435 nm region and their temperature dependence between 213 and 293 K. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2003. [DOI: 10.1016/s1010-6030(03)00071-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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11
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Petritoli A, Ravegnani F, Giovanelli G, Bortoli D, Bonafè U, Kostadinov I, Oulanovsky A. Off-axis measurements of atmospheric trace gases by use of an airborne ultraviolet-visible spectrometer. APPLIED OPTICS 2002; 41:5593-5599. [PMID: 12269557 DOI: 10.1364/ao.41.005593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
An airborne UV-visible spectrometer, the Gas Analyzer Spectrometer Correlating Optical Differences, airborne version (GASCOD/A4pi) was successfully operated during the Airborne Polar Experiment, Geophysica Aircraft in Antarctica airborne campaign from Ushuaia (54 degrees 49' S, 68 degrees 18' W), Argentina in southern spring 1999. The instrument measured scattered solar radiation through three optical windows with a narrow field of view (FOV), one from the zenith, two from the horizontal, as well as actinic fluxes through 2pi FOV radiometric heads. Only a few airborne measurements of scattered solar radiation at different angles from the zenith are available in the literature. With our configuration we attempted to obtain the average line-of-sight concentrations of detectable trace gases. The retrieval method, based on differential optical absorption spectroscopy, is described and results for ozone are shown and compared with measurements from an in situ instrument as the first method of validation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Petritoli
- Institute of Atmospheric Science and Climate, Italian National Research Council (ISAC-CNR), Bologna.
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12
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Miller HL, Sanders RW, Solomon S. Observations and interpretation of column OClO seasonal cycles at two polar sites. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1999. [DOI: 10.1029/1999jd900301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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13
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Delmdahl RF, Ullrich S, Gericke KH. Photofragmentation of OClO(Ã2A2 ν1ν2ν3) → Cl(2PJ) + O2. J Phys Chem A 1998. [DOI: 10.1021/jp972111z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- R. F. Delmdahl
- Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Hans-Sommer-Strasse 10, D-38106 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - S. Ullrich
- Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Hans-Sommer-Strasse 10, D-38106 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - K.-H. Gericke
- Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Hans-Sommer-Strasse 10, D-38106 Braunschweig, Germany
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Fenner K, Furlan A, Huber JR. Photofragmentation of OClO Clusters in a Supersonic Jet at 360 and 275 nm. J Phys Chem A 1997. [DOI: 10.1021/jp9710289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kathrin Fenner
- Physikalisch-Chemisches Institut, der Universität Zürich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, 8057 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Alan Furlan
- Physikalisch-Chemisches Institut, der Universität Zürich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, 8057 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - J. Robert Huber
- Physikalisch-Chemisches Institut, der Universität Zürich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, 8057 Zürich, Switzerland
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Parthiban S, Raghunandan BN, Sumathi R. Ab initio study of XOClO3(X = Cl, F, and H): Implications for formation of ClOClO3in the stratosphere. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1997. [DOI: 10.1029/97jd00008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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16
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Weaver A, Solomon S, Sanders RW, Arpag K, Miller HL. Atmospheric NO3: 5. Off-axis measurements at sunrise: Estimates of tropospheric NO3at 40°N. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1996. [DOI: 10.1029/96jd01537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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17
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Brown LA, Vaida V, Hanson DR, Graham JD, Roberts JT. Uptake of Chlorine Dioxide by Model PSCs under Stratospheric Conditions. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1996. [DOI: 10.1021/jp951664b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - David R. Hanson
- Aeronomy Laboratory, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, 325 Broadway, Boulder, Colorado 80303
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Graham JD, Roberts JT, Brown LA, Vaida V. Uptake of Chlorine Dioxide by Model Polar Stratospheric Cloud Surfaces: Ultrahigh-Vacuum Studies. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1996. [DOI: 10.1021/jp9516654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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19
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Parthiban S, Raghunandan B, Sumathi R. Ab initio study of the molecular structure and vibrational spectra of dichlorine hexoxide and its significance to stratospheric ozone depletion. Chem Phys 1995. [DOI: 10.1016/0301-0104(95)00182-n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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20
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Danilin MY, McConnell JC. Stratospheric effects of bromine activation on/in sulfate aerosol. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1995. [DOI: 10.1029/95jd00999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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21
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Danilin MY, McConnell JC. Heterogeneous reactions in a stratospheric box model: A sensitivity study. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1994. [DOI: 10.1029/94jd02083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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22
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Arpag KH, Johnston PV, Miller HL, Sanders RW, Solomon S. Observations of the stratospheric BrO column over Colorado, 40°N. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1994. [DOI: 10.1029/94jd00144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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23
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Müller R, Crutzen PJ. A possible role of galactic cosmic rays in chlorine activation during polar night. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1993. [DOI: 10.1029/93jd02455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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