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Ott LE, Duncan BN, Thompson AM, Diskin G, Fasnacht Z, Langford AO, Lin M, Molod AM, Nielsen JE, Pusede SE, Wargan K, Weinheimer AJ, Yoshida Y. Frequency and Impact of Summertime Stratospheric Intrusions over Maryland during DISCOVER-AQ (2011): New Evidence from NASA's GEOS-5 Simulations. JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH. ATMOSPHERES : JGR 2016; Volume 121:3687-3706. [PMID: 32021738 PMCID: PMC6999667 DOI: 10.1002/2015jd024052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Aircraft observations and ozonesonde profiles collected on July 14 and 27, 2011, during the Maryland month-long DISCOVER-AQ campaign, indicate the presence of stratospheric air just above the planetary boundary layer (PBL). This raises the question of whether summer stratospheric intrusions (SIs) elevate surface ozone levels and to what degree they influence background ozone levels and contribute to ozone production. We used idealized stratospheric air tracers, along with observations, to determine the frequency and extent of SIs in Maryland during July 2011. On 4 of 14 flight days, SIs were detected in layers that the aircraft encountered above the PBL from the coincidence of enhanced ozone, moderate CO, and low moisture. Satellite observations of lower tropospheric humidity confirmed the occurrence of synoptic scale influence of SIs as do simulations with the GEOS-5 Atmospheric General Circulation Model. The evolution of GEOS-5 stratospheric air tracers agree with the timing and location of observed stratospheric influence and indicate that more than 50% of air in SI layers above the PBL had resided in the stratosphere within the previous 14 days. Despite having a strong influence in the lower free troposphere, these events did not significantly affect surface ozone, which remained low on intrusion days. The model indicates similar frequencies of stratospheric influence during all summers from 2009-2013. GEOS-5 results suggest that, over Maryland, the strong inversion capping the summer PBL limits downward mixing of stratospheric air during much of the day, helping to preserve low surface ozone associated with frontal passages that precede SIs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lesley E Ott
- NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD USA
| | | | | | | | - Zachary Fasnacht
- Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Science, University of Maryland, College Park, MD USA
| | - Andrew O Langford
- NOAA Earth System Research Laboratory Chemical Sciences Division, Boulder, CO USA
| | - Meiyun Lin
- Program in Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences, Princeton University and NOAA Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory, Princeton, NJ, USA
| | - Andrea M Molod
- NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD USA
- Earth System Science Interdisciplinary Center, University of Maryland, College Park Park, MD USA
| | - J Eric Nielsen
- NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD USA
- Science Systems and Applications, Inc., Lanham, MD USA
| | - Sally E Pusede
- Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Krzysztof Wargan
- NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD USA
- Science Systems and Applications, Inc., Lanham, MD USA
| | | | - Yasuko Yoshida
- NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD USA
- Science Systems and Applications, Inc., Lanham, MD USA
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Affiliation(s)
- J. Methven
- Department of Meteorology; University of Reading; Reading UK
| | - S. R. Arnold
- School of the Environment; University of Leeds; Leeds UK
| | - F. M. O'Connor
- Department of Chemistry; University of Cambridge; Cambridge UK
| | | | - K. Dewey
- Met Research Flight; Farnborough UK
| | - J. Kent
- Met Research Flight; Farnborough UK
| | - N. Brough
- School of Environmental Sciences; University of East Anglia; Norwich UK
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire E. Reeves
- School of Environmental Sciences; University of East Anglia; Norwich UK
| | - Stuart A. Penkett
- School of Environmental Sciences; University of East Anglia; Norwich UK
| | | | - Kathy S. Law
- Centre for Atmospheric Science; University of Cambridge; Cambridge UK
| | - Mathew J. Evans
- Centre for Atmospheric Science; University of Cambridge; Cambridge UK
| | - Brian J. Bandy
- School of Environmental Sciences; University of East Anglia; Norwich UK
| | - Paul S. Monks
- School of Chemistry; University of Leicester; Leicester UK
| | | | - Gavin Phillips
- School of Chemistry; University of Leicester; Leicester UK
| | - Hannah Barjat
- Meteorological Research Flight; UK Meteorological Office; Farnborough UK
- Atmospheric Research Airborne Support Facility; Natural Environment Research Council; Swindon UK
| | - Joss Kent
- Meteorological Research Flight; UK Meteorological Office; Farnborough UK
| | - Ken Dewey
- Meteorological Research Flight; UK Meteorological Office; Farnborough UK
| | - Sandra Schmitgen
- Institut für Chemie und Dynamik der Geosphaere; Forschungszentrum Jülich; Jülich Germany
| | - Dieter Kley
- Institut für Chemie und Dynamik der Geosphaere; Forschungszentrum Jülich; Jülich Germany
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Holloway JS, Jakoubek RO, Parrish DD, Gerbig C, Volz-Thomas A, Schmitgen S, Fried A, Wert B, Henry B, Drummond JR. Airborne intercomparison of vacuum ultraviolet fluorescence and tunable diode laser absorption measurements of tropospheric carbon monoxide. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2000. [DOI: 10.1029/2000jd900237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Parrish DD, Holloway JS, Jakoubek R, Trainer M, Ryerson TB, Hübler G, Fehsenfeld FC, Moody JL, Cooper OR. Mixing of anthropogenic pollution with stratospheric ozone: A case study from the North Atlantic wintertime troposphere. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2000. [DOI: 10.1029/2000jd900291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Stoller P, Cho JYN, Newell RE, Thouret V, Zhu Y, Carroll MA, Albercook GM, Anderson BE, Barrick JDW, Browell EV, Gregory GL, Sachse GW, Vay S, Bradshaw JD, Sandholm S. Measurements of atmospheric layers from the NASA DC-8 and P-3B aircraft during PEM-Tropics A. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1999. [DOI: 10.1029/98jd02717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Suhre K, Mari C, Bates TS, Johnson JE, Rosset R, Wang Q, Bandy AR, Blake DR, Businger S, Eisele FL, Huebert BJ, Kok GL, Lee Mauldin R, Prévôt ASH, Schillawski RD, Tanner DJ, Thornton DC. Physico-chemical modeling of the First Aerosol Characterization Experiment (ACE 1) Lagrangian B: 1. A moving column approach. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1998. [DOI: 10.1029/98jd00821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Newell RE, Hu W, Wu ZX, Zhu Y, Akimoto H, Anderson BE, Browell EV, Gregory GL, Sachse GW, Shipham MC, Bachmeier AS, Bandy AR, Thornton DC, Blake DR, Rowland FS, Bradshaw JD, Crawford JH, Davis DD, Sandholm ST, Brockett W, DeGreef L, Lewis D, McCormick D, Monitz E, Collins JE, Heikes BG, Merrill JT, Kelly KK, Liu SC, Kondo Y, Koike M, Liu CM, Sakamaki F, Singh HB, Dibb JE, Talbot RW. Atmospheric sampling of Supertyphoon Mireille with NASA DC-8 aircraft on September 27,1991, during PEM-West A. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1996. [DOI: 10.1029/95jd01374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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