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Coupled Stratospheric Chemistry–Meteorology Data Assimilation. Part I: Physical Background and Coupled Modeling Aspects. ATMOSPHERE 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/atmos11020150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
A coupled stratospheric chemistry–meteorology model was developed by combining the Canadian operational weather prediction model Global Environmental Multiscale (GEM) with a comprehensive stratospheric photochemistry model from the Belgian Assimilation System for Chemical ObsErvations (BASCOE). The coupled model was called GEM-BACH for GEM-Belgian Atmospheric CHemistry. The coupling was made across a chemical interface that preserves time-splitting while being modular, allowing GEM to run with or without chemistry. An evaluation of the coupling was performed by comparing the coupled model, refreshed by meteorological analyses every 6 h, against the standard offline chemical transport model (CTM) approach. Results show that the dynamical meteorological consistency between meteorological analysis times far outweighs the error created by the jump resulting from the meteorological analysis increments at regular time intervals, irrespective of whether a 3D-Var or 4D-Var meteorological analysis is used. Arguments in favor of using the same horizontal resolution for chemistry, meteorology, and meteorological and chemical analysis increments are also presented. GEM-BACH forecasts refreshed by meteorological analyses every 6 h were compared against independent measurements of temperature, long-lived species, ozone and water vapor. The comparison showed a relatively good agreement throughout the stratosphere except for an upper-level warm temperature bias and an ozone deficit of nearly 15%. In particular, the coupled model simulation during an ozone hole event gives better ozone concentrations than a 4D-Var chemical assimilation at a lower resolution.
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Nedoluha GE, Connor BJ, Barrett J, Mooney T, Parrish A, Boyd I, Wrotny JE, Gomez RM, Koda J, Santee ML, Froidevaux L. Ground-based measurements of ClO from Mauna Kea and intercomparisons with Aura and UARS MLS. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.1029/2010jd014732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Eguchi N, Saito R, Saeki T, Nakatsuka Y, Belikov D, Maksyutov S. A priori covariance estimation for CO2and CH4retrievals. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1029/2009jd013269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Payne VH, Clough SA, Shephard MW, Nassar R, Logan JA. Information-centered representation of retrievals with limited degrees of freedom for signal: Application to methane from the Tropospheric Emission Spectrometer. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009. [DOI: 10.1029/2008jd010155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Xiong X, Barnet C, Maddy E, Sweeney C, Liu X, Zhou L, Goldberg M. Characterization and validation of methane products from the Atmospheric Infrared Sounder (AIRS). ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008. [DOI: 10.1029/2007jg000500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Randall CE, Harvey VL, Singleton CS, Bailey SM, Bernath PF, Codrescu M, Nakajima H, Russell JM. Energetic particle precipitation effects on the Southern Hemisphere stratosphere in 1992–2005. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007. [DOI: 10.1029/2006jd007696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 167] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Eyring V, Butchart N, Waugh DW, Akiyoshi H, Austin J, Bekki S, Bodeker GE, Boville BA, Brühl C, Chipperfield MP, Cordero E, Dameris M, Deushi M, Fioletov VE, Frith SM, Garcia RR, Gettelman A, Giorgetta MA, Grewe V, Jourdain L, Kinnison DE, Mancini E, Manzini E, Marchand M, Marsh DR, Nagashima T, Newman PA, Nielsen JE, Pawson S, Pitari G, Plummer DA, Rozanov E, Schraner M, Shepherd TG, Shibata K, Stolarski RS, Struthers H, Tian W, Yoshiki M. Assessment of temperature, trace species, and ozone in chemistry-climate model simulations of the recent past. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006. [DOI: 10.1029/2006jd007327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 385] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Ejiri MK, Terao Y, Sugita T, Nakajima H, Yokota T, Toon GC, Sen B, Wetzel G, Oelhaf H, Urban J, Murtagh D, Irie H, Saitoh N, Tanaka T, Kanzawa H, Shiotani M, Aoki S, Hashida G, Machida T, Nakazawa T, Kobayashi H, Sasano Y. Validation of the Improved Limb Atmospheric Spectrometer-II (ILAS-II) Version 1.4 nitrous oxide and methane profiles. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006. [DOI: 10.1029/2005jd006449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Schoeberl MR, Douglass AR, Polansky B, Boone C, Walker KA, Bernath P. Estimation of stratospheric age spectrum from chemical tracers. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2005. [DOI: 10.1029/2005jd006125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Park M, Randel WJ, Kinnison DE, Garcia RR, Choi W. Seasonal variation of methane, water vapor, and nitrogen oxides near the tropopause: Satellite observations and model simulations. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2004. [DOI: 10.1029/2003jd003706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 143] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mijeong Park
- School of Earth and Environmental Sciences; Seoul National University; Seoul Korea
| | | | | | | | - Wookap Choi
- School of Earth and Environmental Sciences; Seoul National University; Seoul Korea
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Strahan SE. Evaluating the credibility of transport processes in simulations of ozone recovery using the Global Modeling Initiative three-dimensional model. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2004. [DOI: 10.1029/2003jd004238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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12
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Niwano M, Yamazaki K, Shiotani M. Seasonal and QBO variations of ascent rate in the tropical lower stratosphere as inferred from UARS HALOE trace gas data. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2003. [DOI: 10.1029/2003jd003871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Koji Yamazaki
- Graduate School of Environmental Earth Science; Hokkaido University; Sapporo Japan
| | - Masato Shiotani
- Radio Science Center for Space and Atmosphere; Kyoto University; Kyoto Japan
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Douglass AR, Schoeberl MR, Rood RB, Pawson S. Evaluation of transport in the lower tropical stratosphere in a global chemistry and transport model. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2003. [DOI: 10.1029/2002jd002696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Steven Pawson
- Goddard Earth Sciences and Technology Center; University of Maryland, Baltimore County; Baltimore Maryland USA
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Kanzawa H. Validation and data characteristics of nitrous oxide and methane profiles observed by the Improved Limb Atmospheric Spectrometer (ILAS) and processed with the Version 5.20 algorithm. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2003. [DOI: 10.1029/2002jd002458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Chipperfield MP, Khattatov BV, Lary DJ. Sequential assimilation of stratospheric chemical observations in a three-dimensional model. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2002. [DOI: 10.1029/2002jd002110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - B. V. Khattatov
- National Center for Atmospheric Research; Boulder Colorado USA
| | - D. J. Lary
- Department of Chemistry; University of Cambridge; Cambridge UK
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Danilin MY. Trajectory hunting as an effective technique to validate multiplatform measurements: Analysis of the MLS, HALOE, SAGE-II, ILAS, and POAM-II data in October–November 1996. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2002. [DOI: 10.1029/2001jd002012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Khosravi R. Response of the mesosphere to human-induced perturbations and solar variability calculated by a 2-D model. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2002. [DOI: 10.1029/2001jd001235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Errera Q, Fonteyn D. Four-dimensional variational chemical assimilation of CRISTA stratospheric measurements. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2001. [DOI: 10.1029/2001jd900010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Callis LB, Natarajan M, Lambeth JD. Solar-atmospheric coupling by electrons (SOLACE): 3. Comparisons of simulations and observations, 1979-1997, issues and implications. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2001. [DOI: 10.1029/2000jd900615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Morris GA, Gleason JF, Ziemke J, Schoeberl MR. Trajectory mapping: A tool for validation of trace gas observations. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2000. [DOI: 10.1029/1999jd901118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Rinsland C, Goldman A, Connor BJ, Stephen TM, Jones NB, Wood SW, Murcray FJ, David SJ, Blatherwick RD, Zander R, Mahieu E, Demoulin P. Correlation relationships of stratospheric molecular constituents from high spectral resolution, ground-based infrared solar absorption spectra. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2000. [DOI: 10.1029/2000jd900139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Kawamoto N, Shiotani M. Interannual variability of the vertical descent rate in the Antarctic polar vortex. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2000. [DOI: 10.1029/2000jd900076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Dessler AE, Kim H. Determination of the amount of water vapor entering the stratosphere based on Halogen Occultation Experiment (HALOE) data. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1999. [DOI: 10.1029/1999jd900912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Pierce RB, Al-Saadi JA, Fairlie TD, Olson JR, Eckman RS, Grose WL, Lingenfelser GS, Russell JM. Large-scale stratospheric ozone photochemistry and transport during the POLARIS Campaign. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1999. [DOI: 10.1029/1999jd900395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Michelsen HA, Webster CR, Manney GL, Scott DC, Margitan JJ, May RD, Irion FW, Gunson MR, Russell JM, Spivakovsky CM. Maintenance of high HCl/Clyand NOx/NOy, in the Antarctic vortex: A chemical signature of confinement during spring. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1999. [DOI: 10.1029/1999jd900473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Johnson DG, Jucks KW, Traub WA, Chance KV, Toon GC, Russell JM, McCormick MP. Stratospheric age spectra derived from observations of water vapor and methane. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1999. [DOI: 10.1029/1999jd900363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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29
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Woyke T, Müller R, Stroh F, McKenna DS, Engel A, Margitan JJ, Rex M, Carslaw KS. A test of our understanding of the ozone chemistry in the Arctic polar vortex based on in situ measurements of ClO, BrO, and O3in the 1994/1995 winter. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1999. [DOI: 10.1029/1999jd900287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Rozanov EV, Zubov VA, Schlesinger ME, Yang F, Andronova NG. The UIUC three-dimensional stratospheric chemical transport model: Description and evaluation of the simulated source gases and ozone. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1999. [DOI: 10.1029/1999jd900138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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31
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Randel WJ, Wu F, Russell JM, Waters J. Space-time patterns of trends in stratospheric constituents derived from UARS measurements. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1999. [DOI: 10.1029/1998jd100044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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32
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Chipperfield MP. Multiannual simulations with a three-dimensional chemical transport model. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1999. [DOI: 10.1029/98jd02597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 332] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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33
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Zöger M, Engel A, McKenna DS, Schiller C, Schmidt U, Woyke T. Balloon-borne in situ measurements of stratospheric H2O, CH4and H2at midlatitudes. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1999. [DOI: 10.1029/1998jd100024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Mote PW, Dunkerton TJ, McIntyre ME, Ray EA, Haynes PH, Russell JM. Vertical velocity, vertical diffusion, and dilution by midlatitude air in the tropical lower stratosphere. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1998. [DOI: 10.1029/98jd00203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 126] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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35
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Brühl C, Crutzen PJ, Grooß JU. High-latitude, summertime NOxactivation and seasonal ozone decline in the lower stratosphere: Model calculations based on observations by HALOE on UARS. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1998. [DOI: 10.1029/97jd03078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Considine DB, Dessler AE, Jackman CH, Rosenfield JE, Meade PE, Schoeberl MR, Roche AE, Waters JW. Interhemispheric asymmetry in the 1 mbar O3trend: An analysis using an interactive zonal mean model and UARS data. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1998. [DOI: 10.1029/97jd02363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Mickley LJ, Abbatt JPD, Frederick JE, Russell JM. Response of summertime odd nitrogen and ozone at 17 mbar to Mount Pinatubo aerosol over the southern midlatitudes: Observations from the Halogen Occultation Experiment. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1997. [DOI: 10.1029/97jd01566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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38
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Gettelman A, Holton JR, Rosenlof KH. Mass fluxes of O3, CH4, N2O and CF2Cl2in the lower stratosphere calculated from observational data. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1997. [DOI: 10.1029/97jd01014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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39
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Douglass AR, Rood RB, Kawa SR, Allen DJ. A three-dimensional simulation of the evolution of the middle latitude winter ozone in the middle stratosphere. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1997. [DOI: 10.1029/97jd01043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Ruth S, Kennaugh R, Gray LJ, Russell JM. Seasonal, semiannual, and interannual variability seen in measurements of methane made by the UARS Halogen Occultation Experiment. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1997. [DOI: 10.1029/97jd00868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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41
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Cordero EC, Kawa SR, Schoeberl MR. An analysis of tropical transport: Influence of the quasi-biennial oscillation. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1997. [DOI: 10.1029/97jd01053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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42
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Pierce RB, Grooss JU, Grose WL, Russell JM, Crutzen PJ, Fairlie TD, Lingenfelser G. Photochemical calculations along air mass trajectories during ASHOE/MAESA. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1997. [DOI: 10.1029/96jd03506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Rosenlof KH, Tuck AF, Kelly KK, Russell JM, McCormick MP. Hemispheric asymmetries in water vapor and inferences about transport in the lower stratosphere. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1997. [DOI: 10.1029/97jd00873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 193] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Abstract
A spectroscopic method of monitoring the atmospheric CO(2) mixing ratio vertical profile from space is described. An experimental design is presented for a solar occultation mode with the O(2)A band in the visible region to retrieve pressure and temperature profiles first, and then several CO(2) bands in the infrared region at 4.3, 2.7, and 2.0 mum to obtain CO(2) mixing ratio profiles. Instrument techniques considered are low resolution Fourier transform spectrometry and radiometry of various bandwidths. Simulations indicate that the precision of the pressure, temperature, and CO(2) mixing ratio measurements for an altitude region 30-10 km are less than 1%, 1 K, and 1%, respectively, for the case of the Fourier transform spectrometer and approximately 1%, 1 K, and 2% for the case of the radiometer. With careful experimental design, measurements can be made with better precision and also can extend below 10 km. This inferred precision of CO(2) may be considered to be good enough for investigating atmospheric dynamics when CO(2) is used as a tracer and also for measuring spatial and temporal variations of CO(2) mixing ratios in the range of 0.5-6.5% of 350 parts per million by volume in the troposphere and the lower stratosphere.
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Engel A, Schiller C, Schmidt U, Borchers R, Ovarlez H, Ovarlez J. The total hydrogen budget in the Arctic winter stratosphere during the European Arctic Stratospheric Ozone Experiment. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1996. [DOI: 10.1029/95jd03766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Müller R, Crutzen PJ, Grooß JU, Brühl C, Russell JM, Tuck AF. Chlorine activation and ozone depletion in the Arctic vortex: Observations by the Halogen Occultation Experiment on the Upper Atmosphere Research Satellite. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1996. [DOI: 10.1029/95jd00220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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