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Sun Z, Tan J, Wang F, Li R, Zhang X, Liao J, Wang Y, Huang L, Zhang K, Fu JS, Li L. Regional background ozone estimation for China through data fusion of observation and simulation. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 912:169411. [PMID: 38123088 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.169411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2023] [Revised: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Regional background ozone (O3_RBG) is an important component of surface ozone (O3). However, due to the uncertainties in commonly used Chemical Transport Models (CTMs) and statistical models, accurately assessing O3_RBG in China is challenging. In this study, we calculated the O3_RBG concentrations with the CTM - Brute Force Method (BFM) and constrained the results with site observations of O3 with the multiple linear regression (MLR) model. The annual average O3_RBG concentration in China region in 2020 is 35 ± 4 ppb, accounting for 81 ± 5 % of the maximum 8-h average O3 (MDA8 O3). We applied the random forest and Shapley additive explanations based on meteorological standardization techniques to separate the contributions of meteorology and natural emissions to O3_RBG. Natural emissions contribute more significantly to O3_RBG than meteorology in various Chineses regions (30-40 ppb), with higher contributions during the warm season. Meteorological factors show higher contributions in the spring and summer seasons (2-3 ppb) than the other seasons. Temperature and humidity are the primary contributors to O3_RBG in regions with severe O3 pollution in China, with their individual impacts ranging from 30 % to 62 % of the total impacts of all meteorological factors in different seasons. For policy implications, we tracked the contributions of O3_RBG and local photochemical reaction contributions (O3_LC) to total O3 concentration at different O3 levels. We found that O3_LC contribute over 45 % to MDA8 O3 on polluted days, supporting the current Chinese policy of reducing O3 peak concentrations by cutting down precursor emissions. However, as the contribution of O3_RBG is not considered in the policy, additional efforts are needed to achieve the control groal of O3 concentration. As the implementation of stringent O3 control measurements in China, the contribution of O3_RBG become increasingly significant, suggesting the need for attention to O3_RBG and regional joint prevention and control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhixu Sun
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China; Key Laboratory of Organic Compound Pollution Control Engineering (MOE), Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Jiani Tan
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China; Key Laboratory of Organic Compound Pollution Control Engineering (MOE), Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Fangting Wang
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China; Key Laboratory of Organic Compound Pollution Control Engineering (MOE), Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Rui Li
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China; Key Laboratory of Organic Compound Pollution Control Engineering (MOE), Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Xinxin Zhang
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China; Key Laboratory of Organic Compound Pollution Control Engineering (MOE), Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Jiaqiang Liao
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China; Key Laboratory of Organic Compound Pollution Control Engineering (MOE), Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Yangjun Wang
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China; Key Laboratory of Organic Compound Pollution Control Engineering (MOE), Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Ling Huang
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China; Key Laboratory of Organic Compound Pollution Control Engineering (MOE), Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Kun Zhang
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China; Key Laboratory of Organic Compound Pollution Control Engineering (MOE), Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Joshua S Fu
- Deparent of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA
| | - Li Li
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China; Key Laboratory of Organic Compound Pollution Control Engineering (MOE), Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China.
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Pierce RB, Schaack T, Al-Saadi JA, Fairlie TD, Kittaka C, Lingenfelser G, Natarajan M, Olson J, Soja A, Zapotocny T, Lenzen A, Stobie J, Johnson D, Avery MA, Sachse GW, Thompson A, Cohen R, Dibb JE, Crawford J, Rault D, Martin R, Szykman J, Fishman J. Chemical data assimilation estimates of continental U.S. ozone and nitrogen budgets during the Intercontinental Chemical Transport Experiment–North America. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007. [DOI: 10.1029/2006jd007722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Millet DB, Goldstein AH, Holzinger R, Williams BJ, Allan JD, Jimenez JL, Worsnop DR, Roberts JM, White AB, Hudman RC, Bertschi IT, Stohl A. Chemical characteristics of North American surface layer outflow: Insights from Chebogue Point, Nova Scotia. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006. [DOI: 10.1029/2006jd007287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dylan B. Millet
- Division of Ecosystem Sciences; University of California; Berkeley California USA
| | - Allen H. Goldstein
- Division of Ecosystem Sciences; University of California; Berkeley California USA
| | - Rupert Holzinger
- Division of Ecosystem Sciences; University of California; Berkeley California USA
| | - Brent J. Williams
- Division of Ecosystem Sciences; University of California; Berkeley California USA
| | - James D. Allan
- School of Earth, Atmospheric and Environmental Science; University of Manchester; Manchester UK
| | - José L. Jimenez
- Department of Chemistry; University of Colorado; Boulder Colorado USA
| | | | | | - Allen B. White
- NOAA Earth System Research Laboratory; Boulder Colorado USA
| | - Rynda C. Hudman
- Division of Engineering and Applied Sciences; Harvard University; Cambridge Massachusetts USA
| | - Isaac T. Bertschi
- Department of Interdisciplinary Arts and Sciences; University of Washington; Bothell Washington USA
| | - Andreas Stohl
- Norwegian Institute for Air Research; Kjeller Norway
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Weiss-Penzias P, Jaffe DA, Jaeglé L, Liang Q. Influence of long-range-transported pollution on the annual and diurnal cycles of carbon monoxide and ozone at Cheeka Peak Observatory. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2004. [DOI: 10.1029/2004jd004505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Peter Weiss-Penzias
- Interdisciplinary Arts and Sciences; University of Washington; Bothell Washington USA
| | - Daniel A. Jaffe
- Interdisciplinary Arts and Sciences; University of Washington; Bothell Washington USA
| | - Lyatt Jaeglé
- Department of Atmospheric Sciences; University of Washington; Seattle Washington USA
| | - Qing Liang
- Department of Atmospheric Sciences; University of Washington; Seattle Washington USA
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Mauzerall DL, Narita D, Akimoto H, Horowitz L, Walters S, Hauglustaine DA, Brasseur G. Seasonal characteristics of tropospheric ozone production and mixing ratios over East Asia: A global three-dimensional chemical transport model analysis. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2000. [DOI: 10.1029/2000jd900087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Parrish DD, Trainer M, Holloway JS, Yee JE, Warshawsky MS, Fehsenfeld FC, Forbes GL, Moody JL. Relationships between ozone and carbon monoxide at surface sites in the North Atlantic region. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1998. [DOI: 10.1029/98jd00376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 209] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Duderstadt KA, Carroll MA, Sillman S, Wang T, Albercook GM, Feng L, Parrish DD, Holloway JS, Fehsenfeld FC, Blake DR, Blake NJ, Forbes G. Photochemical production and loss rates of ozone at Sable Island, Nova Scotia during the North Atlantic Regional Experiment (NARE) 1993 summer intensive. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1998. [DOI: 10.1029/98jd00397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Fehsenfeld FC, Daum P, Leaitch WR, Trainer M, Parrish DD, Hübler G. Transport and processing of O3and O3precursors over the North Atlantic: An overview of the 1993 North Atlantic Regional Experiment (NARE) summer intensive. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1996. [DOI: 10.1029/96jd01113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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