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Wild RJ, Edwards PM, Dubé WP, Baumann K, Edgerton ES, Quinn PK, Roberts JM, Rollins AW, Veres PR, Warneke C, Williams EJ, Yuan B, Brown SS. A measurement of total reactive nitrogen, NOy, together with NO₂, NO, and O₃ via cavity ring-down spectroscopy. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2014; 48:9609-15. [PMID: 25019919 DOI: 10.1021/es501896w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
We present a sensitive, compact detector that measures total reactive nitrogen (NOy), as well as NO2, NO, and O3. In all channels, NO2 is directly detected by laser diode based cavity ring-down spectroscopy (CRDS) at 405 nm. Ambient O3 is converted to NO2 in excess NO for the O3 measurement channel. Likewise, ambient NO is converted to NO2 in excess O3. Ambient NOy is thermally dissociated at ∼700 °C to form NO2 or NO in a heated quartz inlet. Any NO present in ambient air or formed from thermal dissociation of other reactive nitrogen compounds is converted to NO2 in excess O3 after the thermal converter. We measured thermal dissociation profiles for six of the major NOy components and compared ambient measurements with other instruments during field campaigns in Utah and Alabama. Alabama measurements were made in a rural location with high biogenic emissions, and Utah measurements were made in the wintertime in unusual conditions that form high ozone levels from emissions related to oil and gas production. The NOy comparison in Alabama, to an accepted standard measurement method (a molybdenum catalytic converter/chemiluminescence instrument), agreed to within 12%, which we define as an upper limit to the accuracy of the NOy channel. The 1σ precision is <30 pptv at 1 s and <4 pptv at 1 min time resolution for all measurement channels. The accuracy is 3% for the NO2 and O3 channels and 5% for the NO channel. The precision and accuracy of this instrument make it a versatile alternative to standard chemiluminescence-based NOy instruments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert J Wild
- Cooperative Institute for Research in the Environmental Sciences, University of Colorado , Boulder, Colorado 80309, United States
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Val Martin M, Honrath RE, Owen RC, Li QB. Seasonal variation of nitrogen oxides in the central North Atlantic lower free troposphere. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008. [DOI: 10.1029/2007jd009688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Wingen LM, Moskun AC, Johnson SN, Thomas JL, Roeselová M, Tobias DJ, Kleinman MT, Finlayson-Pitts BJ. Enhanced surface photochemistry in chloride–nitrate ion mixtures. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2008; 10:5668-77. [DOI: 10.1039/b806613b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Val Martín M, Honrath RE, Owen RC, Pfister G, Fialho P, Barata F. Significant enhancements of nitrogen oxides, black carbon, and ozone in the North Atlantic lower free troposphere resulting from North American boreal wildfires. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006. [DOI: 10.1029/2006jd007530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 142] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M. Val Martín
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering; Michigan Technological University; Houghton Michigan USA
| | - R. E. Honrath
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering; Michigan Technological University; Houghton Michigan USA
| | - R. C. Owen
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering; Michigan Technological University; Houghton Michigan USA
| | - G. Pfister
- Atmospheric Chemistry Division; National Center for Atmospheric Research; Boulder Colorado USA
| | - P. Fialho
- Group of Chemistry and Physics of the Atmosphere; University of the Azores; Terra Chã Portugal
| | - F. Barata
- Group of Chemistry and Physics of the Atmosphere; University of the Azores; Terra Chã Portugal
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Yokelson RJ, Bertschi IT, Christian TJ, Hobbs PV, Ward DE, Hao WM. Trace gas measurements in nascent, aged, and cloud-processed smoke from African savanna fires by airborne Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (AFTIR). ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2003. [DOI: 10.1029/2002jd002322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 157] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Isaac T. Bertschi
- Department of Chemistry; University of Montana; Missoula Montana USA
| | - Ted J. Christian
- Department of Chemistry; University of Montana; Missoula Montana USA
| | - Peter V. Hobbs
- Department of Atmospheric Sciences; University of Washington; Seattle Washington USA
| | - Darold E. Ward
- Fire Sciences Laboratory; USDA Forest Service; Missoula Montana USA
| | - Wei Min Hao
- Fire Sciences Laboratory; USDA Forest Service; Missoula Montana USA
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Ballenthin JO, Thorn WF, Miller TM, Viggiano AA, Hunton DE, Koike M, Kondo Y, Takegawa N, Irie H, Ikeda H. In situ HNO
3
to NO
y
instrument comparison during SOLVE. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2003. [DOI: 10.1029/2002jd002136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J. O. Ballenthin
- Air Force Research Laboratory/Space Vehicles Directorate Hanscom Air Force Base Massachusetts USA
| | - W. F. Thorn
- Air Force Research Laboratory/Space Vehicles Directorate Hanscom Air Force Base Massachusetts USA
| | - T. M. Miller
- Air Force Research Laboratory/Space Vehicles Directorate Hanscom Air Force Base Massachusetts USA
| | - A. A. Viggiano
- Air Force Research Laboratory/Space Vehicles Directorate Hanscom Air Force Base Massachusetts USA
| | - D. E. Hunton
- Air Force Research Laboratory/Space Vehicles Directorate Hanscom Air Force Base Massachusetts USA
| | - M. Koike
- Department of Earth and Planetary Science, Graduate School of Science University of Tokyo Tokyo Japan
| | - Y. Kondo
- Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology University of Tokyo Tokyo Japan
| | - N. Takegawa
- Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology University of Tokyo Tokyo Japan
| | - H. Irie
- National Institute for Environmental Studies Tsukuba, Ibaraki Japan
| | - H. Ikeda
- Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology University of Tokyo Tokyo Japan
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Sinha P, Hobbs PV, Yokelson RJ, Bertschi IT, Blake DR, Simpson IJ, Gao S, Kirchstetter TW, Novakov T. Emissions of trace gases and particles from savanna fires in southern Africa. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2003. [DOI: 10.1029/2002jd002325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Parikhit Sinha
- Department of Atmospheric Sciences; University of Washington; Seattle Washington USA
| | - Peter V. Hobbs
- Department of Atmospheric Sciences; University of Washington; Seattle Washington USA
| | | | - Isaac T. Bertschi
- Department of Chemistry; University of Montana; Missoula Montana USA
| | - Donald R. Blake
- Department of Chemistry; University of California; Irvine California USA
| | - Isobel J. Simpson
- Department of Chemistry; University of California; Irvine California USA
| | - Song Gao
- Department of Chemistry; University of Washington; Seattle Washington USA
| | | | - Tica Novakov
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory; Berkeley California USA
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Hayden KL. Partitioning of reactive atmospheric nitrogen oxides at an elevated site in southern Quebec, Canada. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2003. [DOI: 10.1029/2002jd003188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Thornberry T, Carroll MA, Keeler GJ, Sillman S, Bertman SB, Pippin MR, Ostling K, Grossenbacher JW, Shepson PB, Cooper OR, Moody JL, Stockwell WR. Observations of reactive oxidized nitrogen and speciation of NOyduring the PROPHET summer 1998 intensive. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2001. [DOI: 10.1029/2000jd900760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Harrison RM, Grenfell JL, Savage N, Allen A, Clemitshaw K, Penkett S, Hewitt CN, Davison B. Observations of new particle production in the atmosphere of a moderately polluted site in eastern England. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2000. [DOI: 10.1029/2000jd900086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Talbot RW, Dibb JE, Scheuer EM, Bradshaw JD, Sandholm ST, Singh HB, Blake DR, Blake NJ, Atlas E, Flocke F. Tropospheric reactive odd nitrogen over the South Pacific in austral springtime. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2000. [DOI: 10.1029/1999jd901114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Thompson AM, Singh HB, Schlager H. Introduction to special section: Subsonic Assessment Ozone and Nitrogen Oxide Experiment (SONEX) and Pollution From Aircraft Emissions in the North Atlantic Flight Corridor (POLINAT 2). ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2000. [DOI: 10.1029/2000jd900012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Jones AE, Weller R, Minikin A, Wolff EW, Sturges WT, McIntyre HP, Leonard SR, Schrems O, Bauguitte S. Oxidized nitrogen chemistry and speciation in the Antarctic troposphere. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1999. [DOI: 10.1029/1999jd900362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Affiliation(s)
- D L Fox
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, School of Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill 27599-7400, USA
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Peterson MC, Honrath RE. NOxand NOyover the northwestern North Atlantic: Measurements and measurement accuracy. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1999. [DOI: 10.1029/1998jd100088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Ryerson TB, Huey LG, Knapp K, Neuman JA, Parrish DD, Sueper DT, Fehsenfeld FC. Design and initial characterization of an inlet for gas-phase NOymeasurements from aircraft. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1999. [DOI: 10.1029/1998jd100087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Williams EJ, Baumann K, Roberts JM, Bertman SB, Norton RB, Fehsenfeld FC, Springston SR, Nunnermacker LJ, Newman L, Olszyna K, Meagher J, Hartsell B, Edgerton E, Pearson JR, Rodgers MO. Intercomparison of ground-based NOymeasurement techniques. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1998. [DOI: 10.1029/98jd00074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Bradshaw J, Sandholm S, Talbot R. An update on reactive odd-nitrogen measurements made during recent NASA Global Tropospheric Experiment programs. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1998. [DOI: 10.1029/98jd00621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Dibb JE, Talbot RW, Munger JW, Jacob DJ, Fan SM. Air-snow exchange of HNO3and NOyat Summit, Greenland. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1998. [DOI: 10.1029/97jd03132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Wennberg PO, Hanisco TF, Jaegle L, Jacob DJ, Hintsa EJ, Lanzendorf EJ, Anderson JG, Gao R, Keim ER, Donnelly SG, Negro LAD, Fahey DW, McKeen SA, Salawitch RJ, Webster CR, May RD, Herman RL, Proffitt MH, Margitan JJ, Atlas EL, Schauffler SM, Flocke F, McElroy CT, Bui TP. Hydrogen radicals, nitrogen radicals, and the production of O3 in the upper troposphere. Science 1998; 279:49-53. [PMID: 9417019 DOI: 10.1126/science.279.5347.49] [Citation(s) in RCA: 295] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The concentrations of the hydrogen radicals OH and HO2 in the middle and upper troposphere were measured simultaneously with those of NO, O3, CO, H2O, CH4, non-methane hydrocarbons, and with the ultraviolet and visible radiation field. The data allow a direct examination of the processes that produce O3 in this region of the atmosphere. Comparison of the measured concentrations of OH and HO2 with calculations based on their production from water vapor, ozone, and methane demonstrate that these sources are insufficient to explain the observed radical concentrations in the upper troposphere. The photolysis of carbonyl and peroxide compounds transported to this region from the lower troposphere may provide the source of HOx required to sustain the measured abundances of these radical species. The mechanism by which NO affects the production of O3 is also illustrated by the measurements. In the upper tropospheric air masses sampled, the production rate for ozone (determined from the measured concentrations of HO2 and NO) is calculated to be about 1 part per billion by volume each day. This production rate is faster than previously thought and implies that anthropogenic activities that add NO to the upper troposphere, such as biomass burning and aviation, will lead to production of more O3 than expected.
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Affiliation(s)
- PO Wennberg
- P. O. Wennberg, T. F. Hanisco, E. J. Hintsa, E. J. Lanzendorf, J. G. Anderson, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology and Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Harvard University, 12 Oxford Street, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA. L. Ja
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