1
|
Xie M, Zhao Z, Holder AL, Hays MD, Chen X, Shen G, Jetter JJ, Champion WM, Wang Q. Chemical composition, structures, and light absorption of N-containing aromatic compounds emitted from burning wood and charcoal in household cookstoves. ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS 2020; 20:14077-14090. [PMID: 33552150 PMCID: PMC7863623 DOI: 10.5194/acp-20-14077-2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
N-containing aromatic compounds (NACs) are an important group of light-absorbing molecules in the atmosphere. They are often observed in combustion emissions, but their chemical formulas and structural characteristics remain uncertain. In this study, red oak wood and charcoal fuels were burned in cookstoves using the standard water boiling test (WBT) procedure. Submicron aerosol particles in the cookstove emissions were collected using quartz (Q f ) and polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) filter membranes positioned in parallel. A back-up quartz filter (Q b ) was also installed downstream of the PTFE filter to evaluate the effect of sampling artifact on NACs measurements. Liquid chromatography-mass spectroscopy (LC-MS) techniques identified seventeen NAC chemical formulas in the cookstove emissions. The average concentrations of total NACs in Q b samples (0.37 ± 0.31 - 1.79 ± 0.77 μg m-3) were greater than 50% of those observed in the Q f samples (0.51 ± 0.43 - 3.91 ± 2.06 μg m-3), and the Q b to Q f mass ratios of individual NACs had a range of 0.02 - 2.71, indicating that the identified NACs might have substantial fractions remaining in the gas-phase. In comparison to other sources, cookstove emissions from red oak or charcoal fuels did not exhibit unique NAC structural features, but had distinct NACs composition. However, before identifying NACs sources by combining their structural and compositional information, the gas-particle partitioning behaviors of NACs should be further investigated. The average contributions of total NACs to the light absorption of organic matter at λ = 365 nm (1.10 - 2.57%) in Q f and Q b samples (10.7 - 21.0%) are up to 10 times larger than their mass contributions (Q f 0.31 - 1.01%, Q b 1.08 - 3.31%), so the identified NACs are mostly strong light absorbers. To explain more sample extracts absorption, future research is needed to understand the chemical and optical properties of high molecular weight (e.g., MW > 500 Da) entities in particulate matter.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mingjie Xie
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment Monitoring and Pollution Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, 219 Ningliu Road, Nanjing 210044, China
| | - Zhenzhen Zhao
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment Monitoring and Pollution Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, 219 Ningliu Road, Nanjing 210044, China
| | - Amara L. Holder
- Office of Research and Development, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 109 T.W. Alexander Drive, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA
| | - Michael D. Hays
- Office of Research and Development, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 109 T.W. Alexander Drive, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA
| | - Xi Chen
- Office of Research and Development, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 109 T.W. Alexander Drive, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA
| | - Guofeng Shen
- Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - James J. Jetter
- Office of Research and Development, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 109 T.W. Alexander Drive, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA
| | - Wyatt M. Champion
- Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education (ORISE) Postdoctoral Fellow at U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, Air Methods and Characterization Division, 109 T.W. Alexander Drive, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA
| | - Qin’geng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Ghoshal S, Pramanik A, Biswas S, Sarkar P. CH 3NO as a potential intermediate for early atmospheric HCN: a quantum chemical insight. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2019; 21:25126-25138. [PMID: 31691697 DOI: 10.1039/c9cp03874d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Hydrogen cyanide (HCN) has played a central role in the production of several biological molecules under prebiotic conditions on primitive Earth. Previously, K. J. Zahnle (J. Geophys. Res.: Atmos., 1986, 91, 2819) and Tian et al. (Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 2011, 308, 417) emphasized that HCN production in the early Earth's CH4-rich atmosphere could have been possible through the reaction between active nitrogen atoms (N) and methane photolysis products. Here, we have proposed alternative pathways for the formation of early atmospheric HCN via the decomposition of CH3NO as an intermediate. In the early Earth's O2-free atmosphere, CH3˙ could preferentially attach to NO, which was generated via early atmospheric volcanism or lightning and photochemical processes. We have quantum chemically explored both unimolecular and bimolecular decomposition pathways of CH3NO via the assistance of another CH3NO molecule and via H2O, NH3, HCl, HCOOH, HNO3 and H2SO4 catalysis. Both energetic and kinetic analyses reveal that H2SO4 is more efficient in this regard than other atmospheric species. Overall, it has been suggested that the proposed bimolecular decomposition pathways might have been alternative pathways for the formation of HCN under certain conditions on prebiotic Earth, while the unimolecular decomposition of CH3NO could lead to the formation of HCN in the high temperature volcanic environment on early Earth.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sourav Ghoshal
- Department of Chemistry, Visva-Bharati University, Santiniketan-731235, India.
| | - Anup Pramanik
- Department of Chemistry, Visva-Bharati University, Santiniketan-731235, India.
| | - Santu Biswas
- Department of Chemistry, Visva-Bharati University, Santiniketan-731235, India.
| | - Pranab Sarkar
- Department of Chemistry, Visva-Bharati University, Santiniketan-731235, India.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Walker JT, Beachley G, Amos HM, Baron JS, Bash J, Baumgardner R, Bell MD, Benedict KB, Chen X, Clow DW, Cole A, Coughlin JG, Cruz K, Daly RW, Decina SM, Elliott EM, Fenn ME, Ganzeveld L, Gebhart K, Isil SS, Kerschner BM, Larson RS, Lavery T, Lear GG, Macy T, Mast MA, Mishoe K, Morris KH, Padgett PE, Pouyat RV, Puchalski M, Pye HOT, Rea AW, Rhodes MF, Rogers CM, Saylor R, Scheffe R, Schichtel BA, Schwede DB, Sexstone GA, Sive BC, Sosa Echeverría R, Templer PH, Thompson T, Tong D, Wetherbee GA, Whitlow TH, Wu Z, Yu Z, Zhang L. Toward the improvement of total nitrogen deposition budgets in the United States. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 691:1328-1352. [PMID: 31466212 PMCID: PMC7724633 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.07.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2019] [Revised: 07/02/2019] [Accepted: 07/04/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Frameworks for limiting ecosystem exposure to excess nutrients and acidity require accurate and complete deposition budgets of reactive nitrogen (Nr). While much progress has been made in developing total Nr deposition budgets for the U.S., current budgets remain limited by key data and knowledge gaps. Analysis of National Atmospheric Deposition Program Total Deposition (NADP/TDep) data illustrates several aspects of current Nr deposition that motivate additional research. Averaged across the continental U.S., dry deposition contributes slightly more (55%) to total deposition than wet deposition and is the dominant process (>90%) over broad areas of the Southwest and other arid regions of the West. Lack of dry deposition measurements imposes a reliance on models, resulting in a much higher degree of uncertainty relative to wet deposition which is routinely measured. As nitrogen oxide (NOx) emissions continue to decline, reduced forms of inorganic nitrogen (NHx = NH3 + NH4+) now contribute >50% of total Nr deposition over large areas of the U.S. Expanded monitoring and additional process-level research are needed to better understand NHx deposition, its contribution to total Nr deposition budgets, and the processes by which reduced N deposits to ecosystems. Urban and suburban areas are hotspots where routine monitoring of oxidized and reduced Nr deposition is needed. Finally, deposition budgets have incomplete information about the speciation of atmospheric nitrogen; monitoring networks do not capture important forms of Nr such as organic nitrogen. Building on these themes, we detail the state of the science of Nr deposition budgets in the U.S. and highlight research priorities to improve deposition budgets in terms of monitoring and flux measurements, leaf- to regional-scale modeling, source apportionment, and characterization of deposition trends and patterns.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J T Walker
- U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, Durham, NC, United States of America.
| | - G Beachley
- U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Air and Radiation, Washington, DC, United States of America
| | - H M Amos
- AAAS Science and Technology Policy Fellow hosted by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, Washington, DC, United States of America
| | - J S Baron
- U.S. Geological Survey, Fort Collins Science Center, Fort Collins, CO, United States of America
| | - J Bash
- U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, Durham, NC, United States of America
| | - R Baumgardner
- U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, Durham, NC, United States of America
| | - M D Bell
- National Park Service, Air Resources Division, Lakewood, CO, United States of America
| | - K B Benedict
- Colorado State University, Department of Atmospheric Science, Fort Collins, CO, United States of America
| | - X Chen
- U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, Durham, NC, United States of America
| | - D W Clow
- U.S. Geological Survey, Colorado Water Science Center, Denver, CO, United States of America
| | - A Cole
- Environment and Climate Change Canada, Air Quality Research Division, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - J G Coughlin
- U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Region 5, Chicago, IL, United States of America
| | - K Cruz
- U.S. Department of Agriculture, National Institute of Food and Agriculture, Washington, DC, United States of America
| | - R W Daly
- U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, Durham, NC, United States of America
| | - S M Decina
- University of California, Department of Chemistry, Berkeley, CA, United States of America
| | - E M Elliott
- University of Pittsburgh, Department of Geology & Environmental Science, Pittsburgh, PA, United States of America
| | - M E Fenn
- U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Southwest Research Station, Riverside, CA, United States of America
| | - L Ganzeveld
- Meteorology and Air Quality (MAQ), Wageningen University and Research Centre, Wageningen, Netherlands
| | - K Gebhart
- National Park Service, Air Resources Division, Fort Collins, CO, United States of America
| | - S S Isil
- Wood Environment & Infrastructure Solutions, Inc., Newberry, FL, United States of America
| | - B M Kerschner
- Prairie Research Institute, University of Illinois, Champaign, IL, United States of America
| | - R S Larson
- Wisconsin State Laboratory of Hygiene, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, United States of America
| | - T Lavery
- Environmental Consultant, Cranston, RI, United States of America
| | - G G Lear
- U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Air and Radiation, Washington, DC, United States of America
| | - T Macy
- U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Air and Radiation, Washington, DC, United States of America
| | - M A Mast
- U.S. Geological Survey, Colorado Water Science Center, Denver, CO, United States of America
| | - K Mishoe
- Wood Environment & Infrastructure Solutions, Inc., Newberry, FL, United States of America
| | - K H Morris
- National Park Service, Air Resources Division, Lakewood, CO, United States of America
| | - P E Padgett
- U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Southwest Research Station, Riverside, CA, United States of America
| | - R V Pouyat
- U.S. Forest Service, Bethesda, MD, United States of America
| | - M Puchalski
- U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Air and Radiation, Washington, DC, United States of America
| | - H O T Pye
- U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, Durham, NC, United States of America
| | - A W Rea
- U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, Durham, NC, United States of America
| | - M F Rhodes
- D&E Technical, Urbana, IL, United States of America
| | - C M Rogers
- Wood Environment & Infrastructure Solutions, Inc., Newberry, FL, United States of America
| | - R Saylor
- National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Air Resources Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, United States of America
| | - R Scheffe
- U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards, Durham, NC, United States of America
| | - B A Schichtel
- National Park Service, Cooperative Institute for Research in the Atmosphere, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States of America
| | - D B Schwede
- U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, Durham, NC, United States of America
| | - G A Sexstone
- U.S. Geological Survey, Colorado Water Science Center, Denver, CO, United States of America
| | - B C Sive
- National Park Service, Air Resources Division, Lakewood, CO, United States of America
| | - R Sosa Echeverría
- Centro de Ciencias de la Atmosfera, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico
| | - P H Templer
- Boston University, Department of Biology, Boston, MA, United States of America
| | - T Thompson
- AAAS Science and Technology Policy Fellow hosted by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Policy, Washington, DC, United States of America
| | - D Tong
- George Mason University. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Air Resources Laboratory, College Park, MD, United States of America
| | - G A Wetherbee
- U.S. Geological Survey, Hydrologic Networks Branch, Denver, CO, United States of America
| | - T H Whitlow
- Cornell University, Department of Horticulture, Ithaca, NY, United States of America
| | - Z Wu
- U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, Durham, NC, United States of America
| | - Z Yu
- University of Pittsburgh, Department of Geology & Environmental Science, Pittsburgh, PA, United States of America
| | - L Zhang
- Environment and Climate Change Canada, Air Quality Research Division, Toronto, ON, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Strong impact of wildfires on the abundance and aging of black carbon in the lowermost stratosphere. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2018; 115:E11595-E11603. [PMID: 30478047 PMCID: PMC6294891 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1806868115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Unique information about the abundance and evolution of wildfire-emitted black carbon (BC) in the lowermost part of the stratosphere (LMS) was obtained from long-term airborne measurements made in cooperation with Lufthansa through the Civil Aircraft for the Regular Investigation of the atmosphere Based on an Instrument Container (CARIBIC) project, part of the In-service Aircraft for a Global Observing System (IAGOS) framework. Our results demonstrate that wildfires can dramatically increase BC mass concentration in the LMS, substantially enhance regional climate forcing, and are a challenge for model simulations. Climate change is expected to increase the frequency and spread of wildfires. Thus, recording a present-day baseline with extensive and long-term measurements should help to constrain model estimations of the climate impact of BC and foster our fundamental understanding of future climate change. Wildfires inject large amounts of black carbon (BC) particles into the atmosphere, which can reach the lowermost stratosphere (LMS) and cause strong radiative forcing. During a 14-month period of observations on board a passenger aircraft flying between Europe and North America, we found frequent and widespread biomass burning (BB) plumes, influencing 16 of 160 flight hours in the LMS. The average BC mass concentrations in these plumes (∼140 ng·m−3, standard temperature and pressure) were over 20 times higher than the background concentration (∼6 ng·m−3) with more than 100-fold enhanced peak values (up to ∼720 ng·m−3). In the LMS, nearly all BC particles were covered with a thick coating. The average mass equivalent diameter of the BC particle cores was ∼120 nm with a mean coating thickness of ∼150 nm in the BB plume and ∼90 nm with a coating of ∼125 nm in the background. In a BB plume that was encountered twice, we also found a high diameter growth rate of ∼1 nm·h−1 due to the BC particle coatings. The observed high concentrations and thick coatings of BC particles demonstrate that wildfires can induce strong local heating in the LMS and may have a significant influence on the regional radiative forcing of climate.
Collapse
|
5
|
Jaszczak E, Polkowska Ż, Narkowicz S, Namieśnik J. Cyanides in the environment-analysis-problems and challenges. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 24:15929-15948. [PMID: 28512706 PMCID: PMC5506515 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-017-9081-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2017] [Accepted: 04/21/2017] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Cyanide toxicity and their environmental impact are well known. Nevertheless, they are still used in the mining, galvanic and chemical industries. As a result of industrial activities, cyanides are released in various forms to all elements of the environment. In a natural environment, cyanide exists as cyanogenic glycosides in plants seeds. Too much consumption can cause unpleasant side effects. However, environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) is the most common source of cyanide. Live organisms have the ability to convert cyanide into less toxic compounds excreted with physiological fluids. The aim of this paper is to review the current state of knowledge on the behaviour of cyanide in the environment and its impact on the health and human life.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ewa Jaszczak
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Gdansk University of Technology, Narutowicza Str 11/12, Wrzeszcz, 80-952 Gdansk, Poland
| | - Żaneta Polkowska
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Gdansk University of Technology, Narutowicza Str 11/12, Wrzeszcz, 80-952 Gdansk, Poland
| | - Sylwia Narkowicz
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Gdansk University of Technology, Narutowicza Str 11/12, Wrzeszcz, 80-952 Gdansk, Poland
| | - Jacek Namieśnik
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Gdansk University of Technology, Narutowicza Str 11/12, Wrzeszcz, 80-952 Gdansk, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Bunkan AJC, Liang CH, Pilling MJ, Nielsen CJ. Theoretical and experimental study of the OH radical reaction with HCN. Mol Phys 2013. [DOI: 10.1080/00268976.2013.802036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Chi-Hsiu Liang
- b School of Chemistry , University of Leeds , Leeds , United Kingdom
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
7
|
Strekowski RS, Nicovich JM, Wine PH. Kinetic and Mechanistic study of the Reactions of O(
1
D
2
) with HCN and CH
3
CN. Chemphyschem 2010; 11:3942-55. [DOI: 10.1002/cphc.201000550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rafal S. Strekowski
- Laboratoire Chimie Provence—MR 6264, Université de Provence, 3 Place Victor Hugo, 13331 Marseille (France)
| | - J. Michael Nicovich
- School of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, 901 Atlantic Drive NW, Atlanta, Georgia 30332‐0400 (USA), Fax: (+1) 404‐894‐5638
| | - Paul H. Wine
- School of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, 901 Atlantic Drive NW, Atlanta, Georgia 30332‐0400 (USA), Fax: (+1) 404‐894‐5638
- School of Earth & Atmospheric Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332‐0340 (USA)
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Bera NC, Maeda S, Morokuma K, Viggiano AA. Theoretical Proton Affinity and Fluoride Affinity of Nerve Agent VX. J Phys Chem A 2010; 114:13189-97. [DOI: 10.1021/jp107718w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Narayan C. Bera
- Cherry L. Emerson Center for Scientific Computation and Department of Chemistry, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States, and Air Force Research Laboratory, Space Vehicles Directorate, 29 Randolph Road, Hanscom AFB, Massachusetts 01731-3010, United States
| | - Satoshi Maeda
- Cherry L. Emerson Center for Scientific Computation and Department of Chemistry, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States, and Air Force Research Laboratory, Space Vehicles Directorate, 29 Randolph Road, Hanscom AFB, Massachusetts 01731-3010, United States
| | - Keiji Morokuma
- Cherry L. Emerson Center for Scientific Computation and Department of Chemistry, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States, and Air Force Research Laboratory, Space Vehicles Directorate, 29 Randolph Road, Hanscom AFB, Massachusetts 01731-3010, United States
| | - Al A. Viggiano
- Cherry L. Emerson Center for Scientific Computation and Department of Chemistry, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States, and Air Force Research Laboratory, Space Vehicles Directorate, 29 Randolph Road, Hanscom AFB, Massachusetts 01731-3010, United States
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Green J, Carter E, Murphy DM. An EPR investigation of acetonitrile reactivity with superoxide radicals on polycrystalline TiO2. RESEARCH ON CHEMICAL INTERMEDIATES 2009. [DOI: 10.1007/s11164-008-0022-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/03/2023]
|
10
|
Midey AJ, Miller TM, Viggiano AA. Kinetics of Ion−Molecule Reactions with 2-Chloroethyl Ethyl Sulfide at 298 K: A Search for CIMS Schemes for Mustard Gas. J Phys Chem A 2008; 112:10250-6. [DOI: 10.1021/jp804125j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anthony J. Midey
- Air Force Research Laboratory, Space Vehicles Directorate, 29 Randolph Road, Hanscom Air Force Base, Massachusetts 01731-3010
| | - Thomas M. Miller
- Air Force Research Laboratory, Space Vehicles Directorate, 29 Randolph Road, Hanscom Air Force Base, Massachusetts 01731-3010
| | - A. A. Viggiano
- Air Force Research Laboratory, Space Vehicles Directorate, 29 Randolph Road, Hanscom Air Force Base, Massachusetts 01731-3010
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Warneke C, de Gouw JA, Stohl A, Cooper OR, Goldan PD, Kuster WC, Holloway JS, Williams EJ, Lerner BM, McKeen SA, Trainer M, Fehsenfeld FC, Atlas EL, Donnelly SG, Stroud V, Lueb A, Kato S. Biomass burning and anthropogenic sources of CO over New England in the summer 2004. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006. [DOI: 10.1029/2005jd006878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- C. Warneke
- Chemical Sciences Division; NOAA Earth System Research Laboratory; Boulder Colorado USA
| | - J. A. de Gouw
- Chemical Sciences Division; NOAA Earth System Research Laboratory; Boulder Colorado USA
| | - A. Stohl
- Chemical Sciences Division; NOAA Earth System Research Laboratory; Boulder Colorado USA
| | - O. R. Cooper
- Chemical Sciences Division; NOAA Earth System Research Laboratory; Boulder Colorado USA
| | - P. D. Goldan
- Chemical Sciences Division; NOAA Earth System Research Laboratory; Boulder Colorado USA
| | - W. C. Kuster
- Chemical Sciences Division; NOAA Earth System Research Laboratory; Boulder Colorado USA
| | - J. S. Holloway
- Chemical Sciences Division; NOAA Earth System Research Laboratory; Boulder Colorado USA
| | - E. J. Williams
- Chemical Sciences Division; NOAA Earth System Research Laboratory; Boulder Colorado USA
| | - B. M. Lerner
- Chemical Sciences Division; NOAA Earth System Research Laboratory; Boulder Colorado USA
| | - S. A. McKeen
- Chemical Sciences Division; NOAA Earth System Research Laboratory; Boulder Colorado USA
| | - M. Trainer
- Chemical Sciences Division; NOAA Earth System Research Laboratory; Boulder Colorado USA
| | - F. C. Fehsenfeld
- Chemical Sciences Division; NOAA Earth System Research Laboratory; Boulder Colorado USA
| | - E. L. Atlas
- Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Science; University of Miami; Miami Florida USA
| | - S. G. Donnelly
- Department of Chemistry; Fort Hays State University; Fort Hays Kansas USA
| | - Verity Stroud
- National Center for Atmospheric Research; Boulder Colorado USA
| | - Amy Lueb
- National Center for Atmospheric Research; Boulder Colorado USA
| | - S. Kato
- Department of Chemistry; University of Colorado; Boulder Colorado USA
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Karl T. Exchange processes of volatile organic compounds above a tropical rain forest: Implications for modeling tropospheric chemistry above dense vegetation. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2004. [DOI: 10.1029/2004jd004738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 197] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
|
13
|
Singh HB. In situ measurements of HCN and CH3CN over the Pacific Ocean: Sources, sinks, and budgets. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2003. [DOI: 10.1029/2002jd003006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 129] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
|
14
|
de Gouw J, Warneke C, Karl T, Eerdekens G, van der Veen C, Fall R. Sensitivity and specificity of atmospheric trace gas detection by proton-transfer-reaction mass spectrometry. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MASS SPECTROMETRY 2003; 223-224:365-382. [PMID: 0 DOI: 10.1016/s1387-3806(02)00926-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
|
15
|
Viggiano AA, Hunton DE, Miller TM, Ballenthin JO. In situ measurements of hydrogen cyanide in the upper troposphere/lower stratosphere during Arctic spring 2000. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2002. [DOI: 10.1029/2001jd001033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A. A. Viggiano
- Air Force Research Laboratory; Space Vehicles Directorate; Hanscom Air Force Base Massachusetts USA
| | - D. E. Hunton
- Air Force Research Laboratory; Space Vehicles Directorate; Hanscom Air Force Base Massachusetts USA
| | - Thomas M. Miller
- Air Force Research Laboratory; Space Vehicles Directorate; Hanscom Air Force Base Massachusetts USA
| | - John O. Ballenthin
- Air Force Research Laboratory; Space Vehicles Directorate; Hanscom Air Force Base Massachusetts USA
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Sprung D, Jost C, Reiner T, Hansel A, Wisthaler A. Acetone and acetonitrile in the tropical Indian Ocean boundary layer and free troposphere: Aircraft-based intercomparison of AP-CIMS and PTR-MS measurements. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2001. [DOI: 10.1029/2000jd900599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
|
17
|
de Laat ATJ, de Gouw JA, Lelieveld J, Hansel A. Model analysis of trace gas measurements and pollution impact during INDOEX. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2001. [DOI: 10.1029/2000jd900821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
|
18
|
Thornberry T, Carroll MA, Keeler GJ, Sillman S, Bertman SB, Pippin MR, Ostling K, Grossenbacher JW, Shepson PB, Cooper OR, Moody JL, Stockwell WR. Observations of reactive oxidized nitrogen and speciation of NOyduring the PROPHET summer 1998 intensive. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2001. [DOI: 10.1029/2000jd900760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
|
19
|
|
20
|
Williams J, Fischer H, Harris GW, Crutzen PJ, Hoor P, Hansel A, Holzinger R, Warneke C, Lindinger W, Scheeren B, Lelieveld J. Variability-lifetime relationship for organic trace gases: A novel aid to compound identification and estimation of HO concentrations. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2000. [DOI: 10.1029/2000jd900203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
|
21
|
Lelieveld J, Bregman A, Scheeren HA, Ström J, Carslaw KS, Fischer H, Siegmund PC, Arnold F. Chlorine activation and ozone destruction in the northern lowermost stratosphere. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1999. [DOI: 10.1029/1998jd100111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
|
22
|
Reiner T, Möhler O, Arnold F. Improved atmospheric trace gas measurements with an aircraft-based tandem mass spectrometer: Ion identification by mass-selected fragmentation studies. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1998. [DOI: 10.1029/1998jd100003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
|