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Kim MH, Omar AH, Tackett JL, Vaughan MA, Winker DM, Trepte CR, Hu Y, Liu Z, Poole LR, Pitts MC, Kar J, Magill BE. The CALIPSO Version 4 Automated Aerosol Classification and Lidar Ratio Selection Algorithm. ATMOSPHERIC MEASUREMENT TECHNIQUES 2018; 11:6107-6135. [PMID: 31921372 PMCID: PMC6951257 DOI: 10.5194/amt-11-6107-2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
The Cloud-Aerosol Lidar with Orthogonal Polarization (CALIOP) version 4.10 (V4) level 2 aerosol data products, released in November 2016, include substantial improvements to the aerosol subtyping and lidar ratio selection algorithms. These improvements are described along with resulting changes in aerosol optical depth (AOD). The most fundamental change in V4 level 2 aerosol products is a new algorithm to identify aerosol subtypes in the stratosphere. Four aerosol subtypes are introduced for the stratospheric aerosols: polar stratospheric aerosol (PSA), volcanic ash, sulfate/other, and smoke. The tropospheric aerosol subtyping algorithm was also improved by adding the following enhancements: (1) all aerosol subtypes are now allowed over polar regions, whereas the version 3 (V3) algorithm allowed only clean continental and polluted continental aerosols; (2) a new "dusty marine" aerosol subtype is introduced, representing mixtures of dust and marine aerosols near the ocean surface; and (3) the "polluted continental" and "smoke" subtypes have been renamed "polluted continental/smoke" and "elevated smoke", respectively. V4 also revises the lidar ratios for clean marine, dust, clean continental, and elevated smoke subtypes. As a consequence of the V4 updates, the mean 532 nm AOD retrieved by CALIOP has increased by 0.044 (0.036) or 52 % (40 %) for nighttime (daytime). Lidar ratio revisions are the most influential factor for AOD changes from V3 to V4, especially for cloud-free skies. Preliminary validation studies show that the AOD discrepancies between CALIOP and AERONET/MODIS (ocean) are reduced in V4 compared to V3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Man-Hae Kim
- NASA Postdoctoral Program (USRA), Hampton, VA, USA
| | - Ali H. Omar
- NASA Langley Research Center, Hampton, VA, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Zhaoyan Liu
- Science Systems and Applications, Inc., Hampton, VA, USA
| | | | | | - Jayanta Kar
- Science Systems and Applications, Inc., Hampton, VA, USA
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Kim MH, Omar AH, Tackett JL, Vaughan MA, Winker DM, Trepte CR, Hu Y, Liu Z, Poole LR, Pitts MC, Kar J, Magill BE. The CALIPSO Version 4 Automated Aerosol Classification and Lidar Ratio Selection Algorithm. ATMOSPHERIC MEASUREMENT TECHNIQUES 2018; 11:6107-6135. [PMID: 31921372 DOI: 10.1175/2009jtecha1231.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 159] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
The Cloud-Aerosol Lidar with Orthogonal Polarization (CALIOP) version 4.10 (V4) level 2 aerosol data products, released in November 2016, include substantial improvements to the aerosol subtyping and lidar ratio selection algorithms. These improvements are described along with resulting changes in aerosol optical depth (AOD). The most fundamental change in V4 level 2 aerosol products is a new algorithm to identify aerosol subtypes in the stratosphere. Four aerosol subtypes are introduced for the stratospheric aerosols: polar stratospheric aerosol (PSA), volcanic ash, sulfate/other, and smoke. The tropospheric aerosol subtyping algorithm was also improved by adding the following enhancements: (1) all aerosol subtypes are now allowed over polar regions, whereas the version 3 (V3) algorithm allowed only clean continental and polluted continental aerosols; (2) a new "dusty marine" aerosol subtype is introduced, representing mixtures of dust and marine aerosols near the ocean surface; and (3) the "polluted continental" and "smoke" subtypes have been renamed "polluted continental/smoke" and "elevated smoke", respectively. V4 also revises the lidar ratios for clean marine, dust, clean continental, and elevated smoke subtypes. As a consequence of the V4 updates, the mean 532 nm AOD retrieved by CALIOP has increased by 0.044 (0.036) or 52 % (40 %) for nighttime (daytime). Lidar ratio revisions are the most influential factor for AOD changes from V3 to V4, especially for cloud-free skies. Preliminary validation studies show that the AOD discrepancies between CALIOP and AERONET/MODIS (ocean) are reduced in V4 compared to V3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Man-Hae Kim
- NASA Postdoctoral Program (USRA), Hampton, VA, USA
| | - Ali H Omar
- NASA Langley Research Center, Hampton, VA, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Zhaoyan Liu
- Science Systems and Applications, Inc., Hampton, VA, USA
| | - Lamont R Poole
- Science Systems and Applications, Inc., Hampton, VA, USA
| | | | - Jayanta Kar
- Science Systems and Applications, Inc., Hampton, VA, USA
| | - Brian E Magill
- Science Systems and Applications, Inc., Hampton, VA, USA
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Kim Y, Choi W, Lee KM, Park JH, Massie ST, Sasano Y, Nakajima H, Yokota T. Polar stratospheric clouds observed by the ILAS-II in the Antarctic region: Dual compositions and variation of compositions during June to August of 2003. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006. [DOI: 10.1029/2005jd006445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Adriani A. Climatology of polar stratospheric clouds based on lidar observations from 1993 to 2001 over McMurdo Station, Antarctica. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2004. [DOI: 10.1029/2004jd004800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Drdla K, Gandrud BW, Baumgardner D, Wilson JC, Bui TP, Hurst D, Schauffler SM, Jost H, Greenblatt JB, Webster CR. Evidence for the widespread presence of liquid-phase particles during the 1999-2000 Arctic winter. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2002. [DOI: 10.1029/2001jd001127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- K. Drdla
- NASA Ames Research Center; Moffett Field California USA
| | - B. W. Gandrud
- National Center for Atmospheric Research; Boulder Colorado USA
| | - D. Baumgardner
- Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico; Mexico City Mexico
| | | | - T. P. Bui
- NASA Ames Research Center; Moffett Field California USA
| | - D. Hurst
- NOAA Climate Monitoring and Diagnostics Laboratory; Boulder Colorado USA
- Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences; University of Colorado; Boulder Colorado USA
| | | | - H. Jost
- NASA Ames Research Center; Moffett Field California USA
- Bay Area Environmental Research Institute; Sonoma California USA
| | - J. B. Greenblatt
- NASA Ames Research Center; Moffett Field California USA
- Program in Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences; Princeton University; Princeton New Jersey USA
| | - C. R. Webster
- NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory; Pasadena California USA
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di Sarra A. Lidar observations of polar stratospheric clouds over northern Greenland in the period 1990–1997. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2002. [DOI: 10.1029/2001jd001074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Biele J, Tsias A, Luo BP, Carslaw KS, Neuber R, Beyerle G, Peter T. Nonequilibrium coexistence of solid and liquid particles in Arctic stratospheric clouds. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2001. [DOI: 10.1029/2001jd900188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Suortti T, Karhu J, Kivi R, Kyrö E, Rosen J, Kjome N, Larsen N, Neuber R, Khattatov V, Rudakov V, Yushkov V, Nakane H. Evolution of the Arctic stratospheric aerosol mixing ratio measured with balloon-borne aerosol backscatter sondes for years 1988-2000. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2001. [DOI: 10.1029/2000jd000180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Beyerle G, Deckelmann H, Neuber R, Rosen JM, Reimer E, Schoeberl MR. Occurrence of solid particles in the winter polar stratosphere above the nitric acid trihydrate coexistence temperature inferred from ground-based polarization lidar observations at Ny-Ålesund, Spitsbergen. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2001. [DOI: 10.1029/2000jd900569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Omar AH, Gardner CS. Observations by the Lidar In-Space Technology Experiment (LITE) of high-altitude cirrus clouds over the equator in regions exhibiting extremely cold temperatures. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2001. [DOI: 10.1029/2000jd900489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Rosen J, Young S, Laby J, Kjome N, Gras J. Springtime aerosol layers in the free troposphere over Australia: Mildura Aerosol Tropospheric Experiment (MATE 98). ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2000. [DOI: 10.1029/2000jd900208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Deshler T, Nardi B, Adriani A, Cairo F, Hansen G, Fierli F, Hauchecorne A, Pulvirenti L. Determining the index of refraction of polar stratospheric clouds above Andoya (69°N) by combining size-resolved concentration and optical scattering measurements. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2000. [DOI: 10.1029/1999jd900469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Larsen N, Mikkelsen IS, Knudsen BM, Schreiner J, Voigt C, Mauersberger K, Rosen JM, Kjome NT. Comparison of chemical and optical in situ measurements of polar stratospheric cloud particles. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2000. [DOI: 10.1029/1999jd900910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Stein B, Wedekind C, Wille H, Immler F, Müller M, Wöste L, del Guasta M, Morandi M, Stefanutti L, Antonelli A, Agostini P, Rizi V, Readelli G, Mitev V, Matthey R, Kivi R, Kyrö E. Optical classification, existence temperatures, and coexistence of different polar stratospheric cloud types. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1999. [DOI: 10.1029/1999jd900064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Fromm MD, Bevilacqua RM, Hornstein J, Shettle E, Hoppel K, Lumpe JD. An analysis of Polar Ozone and Aerosol Measurement (POAM) II Arctic polar stratospheric cloud observations, 1993-1996. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1999. [DOI: 10.1029/1999jd900273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Tsias A, Wirth M, Carslaw KS, Biele J, Mehrtens H, Reichardt J, Wedekind C, Weiß V, Renger W, Neuber R, von Zahn U, Stein B, Santacesaria V, Stefanutti L, Fierli F, Bacmeister J, Peter T. Aircraft lidar observations of an enhanced type Ia polar stratospheric clouds during APE-POLECAT. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1999. [DOI: 10.1029/1998jd100055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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