1
|
Monitoring Lakes Surface Water Velocity with SAR: A Feasibility Study on Lake Garda, Italy. REMOTE SENSING 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/rs13122293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The SAR Doppler frequencies are directly related to the motion of the scatterers in the illuminated area and have already been used in marine applications to monitor moving water surfaces. Here we investigate the possibility of retrieving surface water velocity from SAR Doppler analysis in medium-size lakes. ENVISAT images of the test site (Lake Garda) are processed and the Doppler Centroid Anomaly technique is adopted. The resulting surface velocity maps are compared with the outputs of a hydrodynamic model specifically validated for the case study. Thermal images from MODIS Terra are used in support of the modeling results. The surface velocity retrieved from SAR is found to overestimate the numerical results and the existence of a bias is investigated. In marine applications, such bias is traditionally removed through Geophysical Model Functions (GMFs) by ascribing it to a fully developed wind waves spectrum. We found that such an assumption is not supported in our case study, due to the small-scale variations of topography and wind. The role of wind intensity and duration on the results from SAR is evaluated, and the inclusion of lake bathymetry and the SAR backscatter gradient is recommended for the future development of GMFs suitable for lake environments.
Collapse
|
2
|
Marmorino GO, Trump CL. Gravity current structure of the Chesapeake Bay outflow plume. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2000. [DOI: 10.1029/2000jc000225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
|
3
|
da Silva JCB, Ermakov SA, Robinson IS. Role of surface films in ERS SAR signatures of internal waves on the shelf: 3. Mode transitions. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2000. [DOI: 10.1029/2000jc900053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
|
4
|
Brandt P, Romeiser R, Rubino A. On the determination of characteristics of the interior ocean dynamics from radar signatures of internal solitary waves. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1999. [DOI: 10.1029/1999jc900092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
|
5
|
Ufermann S, Romeiser R. A new interpretation of multifrequency/multipolarization radar signatures of the Gulf Stream front. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1999. [DOI: 10.1029/1999jc900237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
|
6
|
Marmorino GO, Shen CY, Allan N, Askari F, Trizna DB, Trump CL, Shay LK. An occluded coastal oceanic front. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1998. [DOI: 10.1029/98jc02099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
|