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Nguyen TB, Bates KH, Crounse JD, Schwantes RH, Zhang X, Kjaergaard HG, Surratt JD, Lin P, Laskin A, Seinfeld JH, Wennberg PO. Mechanism of the hydroxyl radical oxidation of methacryloyl peroxynitrate (MPAN) and its pathway toward secondary organic aerosol formation in the atmosphere. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2015; 17:17914-26. [PMID: 26095764 DOI: 10.1039/c5cp02001h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Methacryloyl peroxynitrate (MPAN), the acyl peroxynitrate of methacrolein, has been suggested to be an important secondary organic aerosol (SOA) precursor from isoprene oxidation. Yet, the mechanism by which MPAN produces SOA through reaction with the hydroxyl radical (OH) is unclear. We systematically evaluate three proposed mechanisms in controlled chamber experiments and provide the first experimental support for the theoretically-predicted lactone formation pathway from the MPAN + OH reaction, producing hydroxymethyl-methyl-α-lactone (HMML). The decomposition of the MPAN-OH adduct yields HMML + NO3 (∼75%) and hydroxyacetone + CO + NO3 (∼25%), out-competing its reaction with atmospheric oxygen. The production of other proposed SOA precursors, e.g., methacrylic acid epoxide (MAE), from MPAN and methacrolein are negligible (<2%). Furthermore, we show that the beta-alkenyl moiety of MPAN is critical for lactone formation. Alkyl radicals formed cold via H-abstraction by OH do not decompose to HMML, even if they are structurally identical to the MPAN-OH adduct. The SOA formation from HMML, from polyaddition of the lactone to organic compounds at the particle interface or in the condensed phase, is close to unity under dry conditions. However, the SOA yield is sensitive to particle liquid water and solvated ions. In hydrated inorganic particles, HMML reacts primarily with H2O to produce the monomeric 2-methylglyceric acid (2MGA) or with aqueous sulfate and nitrate to produce the associated organosulfate and organonitrate, respectively. 2MGA, a tracer for isoprene SOA, is semivolatile and its accommodation in aerosol water decreases with decreasing pH. Conditions that enhance the production of neutral 2MGA suppress SOA mass from the HMML channel. Considering the liquid water content and pH ranges of ambient particles, 2MGA will exist largely as a gaseous compound in some parts of the atmosphere.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tran B Nguyen
- Division of Geological and Planetary Sciences, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California, USA.
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Surratt JD, Chan AWH, Eddingsaas NC, Chan M, Loza CL, Kwan AJ, Hersey SP, Flagan RC, Wennberg PO, Seinfeld JH. Reactive intermediates revealed in secondary organic aerosol formation from isoprene. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2010; 107:6640-5. [PMID: 20080572 PMCID: PMC2872383 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0911114107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 319] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Isoprene is a significant source of atmospheric organic aerosol; however, the oxidation pathways that lead to secondary organic aerosol (SOA) have remained elusive. Here, we identify the role of two key reactive intermediates, epoxydiols of isoprene (IEPOX = beta-IEPOX + delta-IEPOX) and methacryloylperoxynitrate (MPAN), which are formed during isoprene oxidation under low- and high-NO(x) conditions, respectively. Isoprene low-NO(x) SOA is enhanced in the presence of acidified sulfate seed aerosol (mass yield 28.6%) over that in the presence of neutral aerosol (mass yield 1.3%). Increased uptake of IEPOX by acid-catalyzed particle-phase reactions is shown to explain this enhancement. Under high-NO(x) conditions, isoprene SOA formation occurs through oxidation of its second-generation product, MPAN. The similarity of the composition of SOA formed from the photooxidation of MPAN to that formed from isoprene and methacrolein demonstrates the role of MPAN in the formation of isoprene high-NO(x) SOA. Reactions of IEPOX and MPAN in the presence of anthropogenic pollutants (i.e., acidic aerosol produced from the oxidation of SO(2) and NO(2), respectively) could be a substantial source of "missing urban SOA" not included in current atmospheric models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason D. Surratt
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125
| | - Arthur W. H. Chan
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125
| | - Nathan C. Eddingsaas
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125
| | - ManNin Chan
- Division of Engineering and Applied Science, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125
| | - Christine L. Loza
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125
| | - Alan J. Kwan
- Division of Engineering and Applied Science, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125
| | - Scott P. Hersey
- Division of Engineering and Applied Science, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125
| | - Richard C. Flagan
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125
- Division of Engineering and Applied Science, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125
| | - Paul O. Wennberg
- Division of Engineering and Applied Science, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125
- Division of Geological and Planetary Sciences, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125
| | - John H. Seinfeld
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125
- Division of Engineering and Applied Science, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125
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Roberts JM, Marchewka M, Bertman SB, Sommariva R, Warneke C, de Gouw J, Kuster W, Goldan P, Williams E, Lerner BM, Murphy P, Fehsenfeld FC. Measurements of PANs during the New England Air Quality Study 2002. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007. [DOI: 10.1029/2007jd008667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Ito A, Sillman S, Penner JE. Effects of additional nonmethane volatile organic compounds, organic nitrates, and direct emissions of oxygenated organic species on global tropospheric chemistry. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007. [DOI: 10.1029/2005jd006556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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The Emissions of Biogenic Volatile Organic Compounds (BVOC) and Their Relevance to Atmospheric Particle Dynamics. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2004. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-662-06073-5_13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register]
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Newchurch MJ. Vertical distribution of ozone at four sites in the United States. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2003. [DOI: 10.1029/2002jd002059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Tanimoto H, Furutani H, Kato S, Matsumoto J, Makide Y, Akimoto H. Seasonal cycles of ozone and oxidized nitrogen species in northeast Asia 1. Impact of regional climatology and photochemistry observed during RISOTTO 1999–2000. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2002. [DOI: 10.1029/2001jd001496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Tanimoto
- Atmospheric Environment Division National Institute for Environmental Studies Tsukuba Japan
| | - Hiroshi Furutani
- Japan Science and Technology Corporation Saitama Japan
- Now at Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Shungo Kato
- Japan Science and Technology Corporation Saitama Japan
- Also at Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Jun Matsumoto
- Japan Science and Technology Corporation Saitama Japan
- Also at Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Hajime Akimoto
- Atmospheric Composition Research Program Frontier Research System for Global Change Yokohama Japan
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Orlando JJ, Tyndall GS. Mechanisms for the Reactions of OH with Two Unsaturated Aldehydes: Crotonaldehyde and Acrolein. J Phys Chem A 2002. [DOI: 10.1021/jp021530f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- John J. Orlando
- Atmospheric Chemistry Division, National Center for Atmospheric Research, P.O. Box 3000, Boulder, Colorado 80307-3000
| | - Geoffrey S. Tyndall
- Atmospheric Chemistry Division, National Center for Atmospheric Research, P.O. Box 3000, Boulder, Colorado 80307-3000
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Roberts JM, Flocke F, Stroud CA, Hereid D, Williams E, Fehsenfeld F, Brune W, Martinez M, Harder H. Ground-based measurements of peroxycarboxylic nitric anhydrides (PANs) during the 1999 Southern Oxidants Study Nashville Intensive. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2002. [DOI: 10.1029/2001jd000947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- James M. Roberts
- Aeronomy Laboratory, NOAA/ERL, and Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences; University of Colorado; Boulder Colorado USA
| | - Frank Flocke
- Atmospheric Chemistry Division; National Center for Atmospheric Research; Boulder Colorado USA
| | - Craig A. Stroud
- Aeronomy Laboratory, NOAA/ERL, and Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences; University of Colorado; Boulder Colorado USA
- Atmospheric Chemistry Division; National Center for Atmospheric Research; Boulder Colorado USA
| | - Daniel Hereid
- Aeronomy Laboratory, NOAA/ERL, and Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences; University of Colorado; Boulder Colorado USA
| | - Eric Williams
- Aeronomy Laboratory, NOAA/ERL, and Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences; University of Colorado; Boulder Colorado USA
| | - Fred Fehsenfeld
- Aeronomy Laboratory, NOAA/ERL, and Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences; University of Colorado; Boulder Colorado USA
| | - William Brune
- Department of Meteorology; Pennsylvania State University; University Park Pennsylvania USA
| | - Monica Martinez
- Department of Meteorology; Pennsylvania State University; University Park Pennsylvania USA
| | - Hartwig Harder
- Department of Meteorology; Pennsylvania State University; University Park Pennsylvania USA
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Stroud CA. Nighttime isoprene trends at an urban forested site during the 1999 Southern Oxidant Study. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2002. [DOI: 10.1029/2001jd000959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Apel EC. Measurement and interpretation of isoprene fluxes and isoprene, methacrolein, and methyl vinyl ketone mixing ratios at the PROPHET site during the 1998 Intensive. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2002. [DOI: 10.1029/2000jd000225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Thornberry T, Carroll MA, Keeler GJ, Sillman S, Bertman SB, Pippin MR, Ostling K, Grossenbacher JW, Shepson PB, Cooper OR, Moody JL, Stockwell WR. Observations of reactive oxidized nitrogen and speciation of NOyduring the PROPHET summer 1998 intensive. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2001. [DOI: 10.1029/2000jd900760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Pippin M, Bertman S, Thornberry T, Town M, Carroll MA, Sillman S. Seasonal variations of PAN, PPN, and O3at the upper Midwest PROPHET site. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2001. [DOI: 10.1029/2001jd900222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Williams J, Roberts JM, Bertman SB, Stroud CA, Fehsenfeld FC, Baumann K, Buhr MP, Knapp K, Murphy PC, Nowick M, Williams EJ. A method for the airborne measurement of PAN, PPN, and MPAN. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2000. [DOI: 10.1029/2000jd900373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Goldan PD, Parrish DD, Kuster WC, Trainer M, McKeen SA, Holloway J, Jobson BT, Sueper DT, Fehsenfeld FC. Airborne measurements of isoprene, CO, and anthropogenic hydrocarbons and their implications. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2000. [DOI: 10.1029/1999jd900429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Tanimoto H, Hirokawa J, Kajii Y, Akimoto H. A new measurement technique of peroxyacetyl nitrate at parts per trillion by volume levels: Gas chromatography/negative ion chemical ionization mass spectrometry. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1999. [DOI: 10.1029/1999jd900345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Riemer D, Pos W, Milne P, Farmer C, Zika R, Apel E, Olszyna K, Kliendienst T, Lonneman W, Bertman S, Shepson P, Starn T. Observations of nonmethane hydrocarbons and oxygenated volatile organic compounds at a rural site in the southeastern United States. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1998. [DOI: 10.1029/98jd02677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Starn TK, Shepson PB, Bertman SB, White JS, Splawn BG, Riemer DD, Zika RG, Olszyna K. Observations of isoprene chemistry and its role in ozone production at a semirural site during the 1995 Southern Oxidants Study. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1998. [DOI: 10.1029/98jd01279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Starn TK, Shepson PB, Bertman SB, Riemer DD, Zika RG, Olszyna K. Nighttime isoprene chemistry at an urban-impacted forest site. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1998. [DOI: 10.1029/98jd01201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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