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Morgenstern O, Akiyoshi H, Bekki S, Braesicke P, Butchart N, Chipperfield MP, Cugnet D, Deushi M, Dhomse SS, Garcia RR, Gettelman A, Gillett NP, Hardiman SC, Jumelet J, Kinnison DE, Lamarque JF, Lott F, Marchand M, Michou M, Nakamura T, Olivié D, Peter T, Plummer D, Pyle JA, Rozanov E, Saint-Martin D, Scinocca JF, Shibata K, Sigmond M, Smale D, Teyssèdre H, Tian W, Voldoire A, Yamashita Y. Anthropogenic forcing of the Northern Annular Mode in CCMVal-2 models. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1029/2009jd013347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Akiyoshi H, Zhou LB, Yamashita Y, Sakamoto K, Yoshiki M, Nagashima T, Takahashi M, Kurokawa J, Takigawa M, Imamura T. A CCM simulation of the breakup of the Antarctic polar vortex in the years 1980–2004 under the CCMVal scenarios. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009. [DOI: 10.1029/2007jd009261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Karpetchko A, Kyrö E, Knudsen BM. Arctic and Antarctic polar vortices 1957–2002 as seen from the ERA-40 reanalyses. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2005. [DOI: 10.1029/2005jd006113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Stenchikov G, Hamilton K, Robock A, Ramaswamy V, Schwarzkopf MD. Arctic oscillation response to the 1991 Pinatubo eruption in the SKYHI general circulation model with a realistic quasi-biennial oscillation. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2004. [DOI: 10.1029/2003jd003699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Georgiy Stenchikov
- Department of Environmental Sciences; Rutgers University; New Brunswick New Jersey USA
| | - Kevin Hamilton
- International Pacific Research Center; University of Hawaii; Honolulu Hawaii USA
| | - Alan Robock
- Department of Environmental Sciences; Rutgers University; New Brunswick New Jersey USA
| | - V. Ramaswamy
- NOAA Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory; Princeton University; Princeton New Jersey USA
| | - M. Daniel Schwarzkopf
- NOAA Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory; Princeton University; Princeton New Jersey USA
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Chen W, Takahashi M, Graf HF. Interannual variations of stationary planetary wave activity in the northern winter troposphere and stratosphere and their relations to NAM and SST. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2003. [DOI: 10.1029/2003jd003834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wen Chen
- Laboratory of Numerical Modeling for Atmospheric Sciences and Geophysical Fluid Dynamics (LASG), Institute of Atmospheric Physics; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing China
| | - Masaaki Takahashi
- Center for Climate System Research; University of Tokyo; Tokyo Japan
| | - Hans-F. Graf
- Max-Planck-Institute for Meteorology; Hamburg Germany
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Hurrell JW, Kushnir Y, Ottersen G, Visbeck M. An overview of the North Atlantic Oscillation. THE NORTH ATLANTIC OSCILLATION: CLIMATIC SIGNIFICANCE AND ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT 2003. [DOI: 10.1029/134gm01] [Citation(s) in RCA: 763] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
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Gillett NP, Graf HF, Osborn TJ. Climate change and the North Atlantic Oscillation. THE NORTH ATLANTIC OSCILLATION: CLIMATIC SIGNIFICANCE AND ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT 2003. [DOI: 10.1029/134gm09] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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Moore FL. Balloonborne in situ gas chromatograph for measurements in the troposphere and stratosphere. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2003. [DOI: 10.1029/2001jd000891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Langematz U. Thermal and dynamical changes of the stratosphere since 1979 and their link to ozone and CO2changes. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2003. [DOI: 10.1029/2002jd002069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Stenchikov G, Robock A, Ramaswamy V, Schwarzkopf MD, Hamilton K, Ramachandran S. Arctic Oscillation response to the 1991 Mount Pinatubo eruption: Effects of volcanic aerosols and ozone depletion. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2002. [DOI: 10.1029/2002jd002090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 180] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Georgiy Stenchikov
- Department of Environmental Sciences Rutgers University New Brunswick New Jersey USA
| | - Alan Robock
- Department of Environmental Sciences Rutgers University New Brunswick New Jersey USA
| | - V. Ramaswamy
- NOAA Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory Princeton University Princeton New Jersey USA
| | - M. Daniel Schwarzkopf
- NOAA Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory Princeton University Princeton New Jersey USA
| | - Kevin Hamilton
- International Pacific Research Center University of Hawaii Honolulu Hawaii USA
| | - S. Ramachandran
- Planetary Atmospheric Sciences Division Physical Research Laboratory Ahmedabad India
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Krzyścin JW, Degórska M, Rajewska-Więch B. Impact of interannual meteorological variability on total ozone in northern middle latitudes: A statistical approach. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2001. [DOI: 10.1029/2001jd900201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Shindell DT, Schmidt GA, Miller RL, Rind D. Northern hemisphere winter climate response to greenhouse gas, ozone, solar, and volcanic forcing. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2001. [DOI: 10.1029/2000jd900547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 239] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Gillett NP, Baldwin MP, Allen MR. Evidence for nonlinearity in observed stratospheric circulation changes. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2001. [DOI: 10.1029/2000jd900720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Perlwitz J, Graf HF, Voss R. The leading variability mode of the coupled troposphere-stratosphere winter circulation in different climate regimes. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2000. [DOI: 10.1029/1999jd901107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Hartmann DL, Wallace JM, Limpasuvan V, Thompson DW, Holton JR. Can ozone depletion and global warming interact to produce rapid climate change? Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2000; 97:1412-7. [PMID: 10677475 PMCID: PMC26447 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.97.4.1412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/1999] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The atmosphere displays modes of variability whose structures exhibit a strong longitudinally symmetric (annular) component that extends from the surface to the stratosphere in middle and high latitudes of both hemispheres. In the past 30 years, these modes have exhibited trends that seem larger than their natural background variability, and may be related to human influences on stratospheric ozone and/or atmospheric greenhouse gas concentrations. The pattern of climate trends during the past few decades is marked by rapid cooling and ozone depletion in the polar lower stratosphere of both hemispheres, coupled with an increasing strength of the wintertime westerly polar vortex and a poleward shift of the westerly wind belt at the earth's surface. Annular modes of variability are fundamentally a result of internal dynamical feedbacks within the climate system, and as such can show a large response to rather modest external forcing. The dynamics and thermodynamics of these modes are such that strong synergistic interactions between stratospheric ozone depletion and greenhouse warming are possible. These interactions may be responsible for the pronounced changes in tropospheric and stratospheric climate observed during the past few decades. If these trends continue, they could have important implications for the climate of the 21st century.
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Affiliation(s)
- D L Hartmann
- Department of Atmospheric Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195-1640, USA
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Hood L, Rossi S, Beulen M. Trends in lower stratospheric zonal winds, Rossby wave breaking behavior, and column ozone at northern midlatitudes. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1999. [DOI: 10.1029/1999jd900401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Waibel AE, Peter T, Carslaw KS, Oelhaf H, Wetzel G, Crutzen PJ, Poschl U, Tsias A, Reimer E, Fischer H. Arctic ozone loss due to denitrification. Science 1999; 283:2064-9. [PMID: 10092225 DOI: 10.1126/science.283.5410.2064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 176] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Measurements from the winter of 1994-95 indicating removal of total reactive nitrogen from the Arctic stratosphere by particle sedimentation were used to constrain a microphysical model. The model suggests that denitrification is caused predominantly by nitric acid trihydrate particles in small number densities. The denitrification is shown to increase Arctic ozone loss substantially. Sensitivity studies indicate that the Arctic stratosphere is currently at a threshold of denitrification. This implies that future stratospheric cooling, induced by an increase in the anthropogenic carbon dioxide burden, is likely to enhance denitrification and to delay until late in the next century the return of Arctic stratospheric ozone to preindustrial values.
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Affiliation(s)
- AE Waibel
- Max-Planck-Institut fur Chemie, Post Office Box 3060, 55020 Mainz, Germany. Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe, Institut fur Meteorologie und Klimaforschung, Post Office Box 3640, D-76021 Karlsruhe, Germany. FU Berlin, Institut fur Meteorologie, Carl-Heinr
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