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Dai L, Zhu M, Ren Y, Gonzalez W, Wang C, Sibeck D, Samsonov A, Escoubet P, Tang B, Zhang J, Branduardi-Raymont G. Global-scale magnetosphere convection driven by dayside magnetic reconnection. Nat Commun 2024; 15:639. [PMID: 38245508 PMCID: PMC10799867 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-44992-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 01/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Plasma convection on a global scale is a fundamental feature of planetary magnetosphere. The Dungey cycle explains that steady-state convection within the closed part of the magnetosphere relies on magnetic reconnection in the nightside magnetospheric tail. Nevertheless, time-dependent models of the Dungey cycle suggest an alternative scenario where magnetospheric convection can be solely driven by dayside magnetic reconnection. In this study, we provide direct evidence supporting the scenario of dayside-driven magnetosphere convection. The driving process is closely connected to the evolution of Region 1 and Region 2 field-aligned currents. Our global simulations demonstrate that intensified magnetospheric convection and field-aligned currents progress from the dayside to the nightside within 10-20 minutes, following a southward turning of the interplanetary magnetic field. Observational data within this short timescale also reveal enhancements in both magnetosphere convection and the ionosphere's two-cell convection. These findings provide insights into the mechanisms driving planetary magnetosphere convection, with implications for the upcoming Solar-Wind-Magnetosphere-Ionosphere Link Explorer (SMILE) mission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Dai
- National Space Science Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China.
| | - Minghui Zhu
- National Space Science Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Yong Ren
- National Space Science Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Walter Gonzalez
- National Space Science Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- National Institute for Space Research (INPE), São José dos Campos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Chi Wang
- National Space Science Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - David Sibeck
- Goddard Space Flight Center, NASA, Greenbelt, US
| | - Andrey Samsonov
- Mullard Space Science Laboratory, University College London, Dorking, UK
| | - Philippe Escoubet
- European Space Research and Technology Centre, European Space Agency (ESA), Noordwijk, Netherlands
| | - Binbin Tang
- National Space Science Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Jiaojiao Zhang
- National Space Science Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
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Mukhopadhyay A, Welling D, Liemohn M, Ridley A, Burleigh M, Wu C, Zou S, Connor H, Vandegriff E, Dredger P, Tóth G. Global Driving of Auroral Precipitation: 1. Balance of Sources. JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH. SPACE PHYSICS 2022; 127:e2022JA030323. [PMID: 36248015 PMCID: PMC9539890 DOI: 10.1029/2022ja030323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The accurate determination of auroral precipitation in global models has remained a daunting and rather inexplicable obstacle. Understanding the calculation and balance of multiple sources that constitute the aurora, and their eventual conversion into ionospheric electrical conductance, is critical for improved prediction of space weather events. In this study, we present a semi-physical global modeling approach that characterizes contributions by four types of precipitation-monoenergetic, broadband, electron, and ion diffuse-to ionospheric electrodynamics. The model uses a combination of adiabatic kinetic theory and loss parameters derived from historical energy flux patterns to estimate auroral precipitation from magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) quantities. It then converts them into ionospheric conductance that is used to compute the ionospheric feedback to the magnetosphere. The model has been employed to simulate the 5-7 April 2010 Galaxy15 space weather event. Comparison of auroral fluxes show good agreement with observational data sets like NOAA-DMSP and OVATION Prime. The study shows a dominant contribution by electron diffuse precipitation, accounting for ∼74% of the auroral energy flux. However, contributions by monoenergetic and broadband sources dominate during times of active upstream solar conditions, providing for up to 61% of the total hemispheric power. The study also finds a greater role played by broadband precipitation in ionospheric electrodynamics which accounts for ∼31% of the Pedersen conductance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnit Mukhopadhyay
- Climate and Space Sciences and Engineering DepartmentUniversity of MichiganAnn ArborMIUSA
- NASA Goddard Space Flight CenterGreenbeltMDUSA
- Department of PhysicsAmerican UniversityWashingtonDCUSA
| | - Daniel Welling
- Department of PhysicsUniversity of Texas at ArlingtonArlingtonTXUSA
| | - Michael Liemohn
- Climate and Space Sciences and Engineering DepartmentUniversity of MichiganAnn ArborMIUSA
| | - Aaron Ridley
- Climate and Space Sciences and Engineering DepartmentUniversity of MichiganAnn ArborMIUSA
| | | | - Chen Wu
- Climate and Space Sciences and Engineering DepartmentUniversity of MichiganAnn ArborMIUSA
| | - Shasha Zou
- Climate and Space Sciences and Engineering DepartmentUniversity of MichiganAnn ArborMIUSA
| | - Hyunju Connor
- NASA Goddard Space Flight CenterGreenbeltMDUSA
- Department of PhysicsUniversity of Alaska FairbanksFairbanksAKUSA
| | | | - Pauline Dredger
- Department of PhysicsUniversity of Texas at ArlingtonArlingtonTXUSA
| | - Gabor Tóth
- Climate and Space Sciences and Engineering DepartmentUniversity of MichiganAnn ArborMIUSA
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Northern preference for terrestrial electromagnetic energy input from space weather. Nat Commun 2021; 12:199. [PMID: 33420072 PMCID: PMC7794368 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-20450-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2020] [Accepted: 11/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Terrestrial space weather involves the transfer of energy and momentum from the solar wind into geospace. Despite recently discovered seasonal asymmetries between auroral forms and the intensity of emissions between northern and southern hemispheres, seasonally averaged energy input into the ionosphere is still generally considered to be symmetric. Here we show, using Swarm satellite data, a preference for electromagnetic energy input at 450 km altitude into the northern hemisphere, on both the dayside and the nightside, when averaged over season. We propose that this is explained by the offset of the magnetic dipole away from Earth's center. This introduces a larger separation between the magnetic pole and rotation axis in the south, creating different relative solar illumination of northern and southern auroral zones, resulting in changes to the strength of reflection of incident Alfvén waves from the ionosphere. Our study reveals an important asymmetry in seasonally averaged electromagnetic energy input to the atmosphere. Based on observed lower Poynting flux on the nightside this asymmetry may also exist for auroral emissions. Similar offsets may drive asymmetric energy input, and potentially aurora, on other planets.
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Johnson JR, Wing S. The dependence of the strength and thickness of field-aligned currents on solar wind and ionospheric parameters. JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH. SPACE PHYSICS 2015; 120:3987-4008. [PMID: 29057194 PMCID: PMC5647790 DOI: 10.1002/2014ja020312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Sheared plasma flows at the low-latitude boundary layer (LLBL) correlate well with early afternoon auroral arcs and upward field-aligned currents. We present a simple analytic model that relates solar wind and ionospheric parameters to the strength and thickness of field-aligned currents (Λ) in a region of sheared velocity, such as the LLBL. We compare the predictions of the model with DMSP observations and find remarkably good scaling of the upward region 1 currents with solar wind and ionospheric parameters in region located at the boundary layer or open field lines at 1100-1700 magnetic local time. We demonstrate that [Formula: see text] and Λ ~ L when Λ/L < 5 where L is the auroral electrostatic scale length. The sheared boundary layer thickness (Δ m ) is inferred to be around 3000 km, which appears to have weak dependence on Vsw. J‖ has dependencies on Δ m , Σ p , nsw, and Vsw. The analytic model provides a simple way to organize data and to infer boundary layer structures from ionospheric data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jay R Johnson
- Princeton Center for Heliophysics, Princeton University, Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton, New Jersey, USA
| | - Simon Wing
- Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory, Laurel, Maryland, USA
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Forsyth C, Fazakerley AN, Rae IJ, J Watt CE, Murphy K, Wild JA, Karlsson T, Mutel R, Owen CJ, Ergun R, Masson A, Berthomier M, Donovan E, Frey HU, Matzka J, Stolle C, Zhang Y. In situ spatiotemporal measurements of the detailed azimuthal substructure of the substorm current wedge. JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH. SPACE PHYSICS 2014; 119:927-946. [PMID: 26167439 PMCID: PMC4497475 DOI: 10.1002/2013ja019302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2013] [Accepted: 01/13/2014] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED The substorm current wedge (SCW) is a fundamental component of geomagnetic substorms. Models tend to describe the SCW as a simple line current flowing into the ionosphere toward dawn and out of the ionosphere toward dusk, linked by a westward electrojet. We use multispacecraft observations from perigee passes of the Cluster 1 and 4 spacecraft during a substorm on 15 January 2010, in conjunction with ground-based observations, to examine the spatial structuring and temporal variability of the SCW. At this time, the spacecraft traveled east-west azimuthally above the auroral region. We show that the SCW has significant azimuthal substructure on scales of 100 km at altitudes of 4000-7000 km. We identify 26 individual current sheets in the Cluster 4 data and 34 individual current sheets in the Cluster 1 data, with Cluster 1 passing through the SCW 120-240 s after Cluster 4 at 1300-2000 km higher altitude. Both spacecraft observed large-scale regions of net upward and downward field-aligned current, consistent with the large-scale characteristics of the SCW, although sheets of oppositely directed currents were observed within both regions. We show that the majority of these current sheets were closely aligned to a north-south direction, in contrast to the expected east-west orientation of the preonset aurora. Comparing our results with observations of the field-aligned current associated with bursty bulk flows (BBFs), we conclude that significant questions remain for the explanation of SCW structuring by BBF-driven "wedgelets." Our results therefore represent constraints on future modeling and theoretical frameworks on the generation of the SCW. KEY POINTS The substorm current wedge (SCW) has significant azimuthal structureCurrent sheets within the SCW are north-south alignedThe substructure of the SCW raises questions for the proposed wedgelet scenario.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Forsyth
- Mullard Space Science Laboratory, UCL Dorking, UK
| | | | - I J Rae
- Mullard Space Science Laboratory, UCL Dorking, UK
| | - C E J Watt
- Department of Meteorology, University of Reading Reading, UK
| | - K Murphy
- University of Alberta Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - J A Wild
- Lancaster University Lancaster, UK
| | - T Karlsson
- Royal Institute of Technology Stockholm, Sweden
| | - R Mutel
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Iowa Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - C J Owen
- Mullard Space Science Laboratory, UCL Dorking, UK
| | - R Ergun
- LASP, University of Colorado Boulder Boulder, Colorado, USA
| | - A Masson
- ESA/ESTEC Noordwijk, Netherlands
| | - M Berthomier
- Laboratoire de Physique des Plasmas, Observatoire de Saint Maur Paris, France
| | - E Donovan
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - H U Frey
- Space Sciences Laboratory, University of California Berkeley, California, USA
| | - J Matzka
- National Space Institute, Technical University of Denmark Lyngby, Denmark
| | - C Stolle
- National Space Institute, Technical University of Denmark Lyngby, Denmark ; GFZ, German Centre for Geosciences Potsdam, Germany
| | - Y Zhang
- John Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory Laurel, Maryland, USA
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Semiempirical Models of Magnetospheric Electric Fields. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013. [DOI: 10.1029/gm021p0261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register]
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8
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Ohtani S, Takahashi K, Zanetti LJ, Potemra TA, McEntire RW, Iijima T. Tail Current Disruption in the Geosynchronous Region. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013. [DOI: 10.1029/gm064p0131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/18/2023]
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9
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Extended Consideration of a Synthesis Model for Magnetospheric Substorms. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013. [DOI: 10.1029/gm064p0043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register]
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Zheng H, Fu SY, Zong QG, Pu ZY, Wang YF, Parks GK. Observations of ionospheric electron beams in the plasma sheet. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2012; 109:205001. [PMID: 23215495 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.109.205001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Electrons streaming along the magnetic field direction are frequently observed in the plasma sheet of Earth's geomagnetic tail. The impact of these field-aligned electrons on the dynamics of the geomagnetic tail is however not well understood. Here we report the first detection of field-aligned electrons with fluxes increasing at ~1 keV forming a "cool" beam just prior to the dissipation of energy in the current sheet. These field-aligned beams at ~15 R(E) in the plasma sheet are nearly identical to those commonly observed at auroral altitudes, suggesting the beams are auroral electrons accelerated upward by electric fields parallel (E([parallel])) to the geomagnetic field. The density of the beams relative to the ambient electron density is δn(b)/n(e)~5-13% and the current carried by the beams is ~10(-8)-10(-7) A m(-2). These beams in high β plasmas with large density and temperature gradients appear to satisfy the Bohm criteria to initiate current driven instabilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Zheng
- School of Earth and Space Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
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Kamide Y, Matsushita S. Simulation studies of ionospheric electric fields and currents in relation to field-aligned currents, 2. Substorms. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1029/ja084ia08p04099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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12
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Kamide Y, Rostoker G. The spatial relationship of field-aligned currents and auroral electrojets to the distribution of nightside auroras. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1029/ja082i035p05589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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14
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McDiarmid I, Burrows J, Wilson MD. Comparison of magnetic field perturbations and solar electron profiles in the polar cap. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1029/ja085ia03p01163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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15
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Potemra TA, Peterson WK, Doering JP, Bostrom CO, McEntire RW, Hoffman RA. Low-energy particle observations in the quiet dayside cusp from AE-C and AE-D. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1029/ja082i029p04765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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16
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Ungstrup E, Klumpar DM, Heikkila WJ. Heating of ions to superthermal energies in the topside ionosphere by electrostatic ion cyclotron waves. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1029/ja084ia08p04289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 186] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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17
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Chun FK, Russell CT. The evolution of field-aligned currents as a function of substorm phase. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1029/91ja01018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Birn J, Hesse M. The substorm current wedge and field-aligned currents in MHD simulations of magnetotail reconnection. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1029/90ja01762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 125] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Hughes TJ, Rostoker G. Current flow in the magnetosphere and ionosphere during periods of moderate activity. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1029/ja082i016p02271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Iijima T, Potemra TA, Zanetti LJ, Bythrow PF. Large-scale Birkeland currents in the dayside polar region during strongly northward IMF: A new Birkeland current system. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1029/ja089ia09p07441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 225] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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25
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Moen J, Burke WJ, Sandholt PE. A rotating, midday auroral event with northward interplanetary magnetic field. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1029/93ja00214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Robinson RM, Bering EA, Vondrak RR, Anderson HR, Cloutier PA. Simultaneous rocket and radar measurements of currents in an auroral arc. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1029/ja086ia09p07703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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McDiarmid IB, Budzinski EE, Wilson MD, Burrows JR. Reverse polarity field-aligned currents at high latitudes. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1029/ja082i010p01513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Lyons L. Generation of large-scale regions of auroral currents, electric potentials, and precipitation by the divergence of the convection electric field. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1029/ja085ia01p00017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 332] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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31
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Alexeev II, Belenkaya ES, Kalegaev VV, Lyutov YG. Electric fields and field-aligned current generation in the magnetosphere. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1029/92ja01520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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32
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Tsunoda RT, Presnell RI, Potemra TA. The spatial relationship between the evening radar aurora and field-aligned currents. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1029/ja081i022p03791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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33
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Tsunoda RT, Presnell RI, Kamide Y, Akasofu SI. Relationship of radar aurora, visual aurora, and auroral electrojets in the evening sector. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1029/ja081i034p06005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Kamide Y, Murphree J, Anger C, Berkey F, Potemra T. Nearly simultaneous observations of field-aligned currents and visible auroras by the Triad and Isis 2 satellites. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1029/ja084ia08p04425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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35
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Hesse M, Birn J. Three-dimensional magnetotail equilibria by numerical relaxation techniques. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1029/92ja02905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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36
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Roble RG, Dickinson RE, Ridley EC. Global circulation and temperature structure of thermosphere with high-latitude plasma convection. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1029/ja087ia03p01599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 270] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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37
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Kamide Y, Akasofu SI, Rostoker G. Field-aligned currents and the auroral electrojet in the morning sector. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1029/ja081i034p06141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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38
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Barbosa DD, Scarf FL, Kurth WS, Gurnett DA. Broadband electrostatic noise and field-aligned currents in Jupiter's middle magnetosphere. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1029/ja086ia10p08357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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39
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Bythrow PF, Potemra TA, Hoffman RA. Observations of field-aligned currents, particles, and plasma drift in the polar cusps near solstice. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1029/ja087ia07p05131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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40
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Bythrow P, Heelis R, Hanson W, Power R. Simultaneous observations of field-aligned currents and plasma drift velocities by Atmosphere Explorer C. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1029/ja085ia01p00151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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41
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Doering JP, Potemra TA, Peterson WK, Bostrom CO. Characteristic energy spectra of 1- to 500-eV electrons observed in the high-latitude ionosphere from Atmosphere Explorer C. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1029/ja081i031p05507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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42
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Yamauchi M, Lundin R, Woch J. The interplanetary magnetic fieldByeffects on large-scale field-aligned currents near local noon: Contributions from cusp part and noncusp part. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1029/92ja02934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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43
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44
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45
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Kamide Y, Matsushita S. Simulation studies of ionospheric electric fields and currents in relation to field-aligned currents, 1. Quiet periods. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1029/ja084ia08p04083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 137] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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46
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Burke W, Hardy D, Rich F, Kelley M, Smiddy M, Shuman B, Sagalyn R, Vancour R, Widman P, Lai S. Electrodynamic structure of the late evening sector of the auroral zone. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1029/ja085ia03p01179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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47
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Kosch MJ, Yiu I, Anderson C, Tsuda T, Ogawa Y, Nozawa S, Aruliah A, Howells V, Baddeley LJ, McCrea IW, Wild JA. Mesoscale observations of Joule heating near an auroral arc and ion-neutral collision frequency in the polar capEregion. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.1029/2010ja016015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M. J. Kosch
- Solar-Terrestrial Environment Laboratory; Nagoya University; Nagoya Japan
- Physics Department; Lancaster University; Lancaster UK
| | - I. Yiu
- Department of Physics and Astronomy; University College London; London UK
| | - C. Anderson
- Department of Physics; La Trobe University; Melbourne, Victoria Australia
| | - T. Tsuda
- Solar-Terrestrial Environment Laboratory; Nagoya University; Nagoya Japan
| | - Y. Ogawa
- National Institute of Polar Research; Tokyo Japan
| | - S. Nozawa
- Solar-Terrestrial Environment Laboratory; Nagoya University; Nagoya Japan
| | - A. Aruliah
- Department of Physics and Astronomy; University College London; London UK
| | - V. Howells
- Space Science and Technology Department; Rutherford Appleton Laboratory; Didcot UK
| | | | - I. W. McCrea
- Space Science and Technology Department; Rutherford Appleton Laboratory; Didcot UK
| | - J. A. Wild
- Physics Department; Lancaster University; Lancaster UK
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Talboys DL, Bunce EJ, Cowley SWH, Arridge CS, Coates AJ, Dougherty MK. Statistical characteristics of field-aligned currents in Saturn's nightside magnetosphere. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.1029/2010ja016102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- D. L. Talboys
- Department of Physics and Astronomy; University of Leicester; Leicester UK
| | - E. J. Bunce
- Department of Physics and Astronomy; University of Leicester; Leicester UK
| | - S. W. H. Cowley
- Department of Physics and Astronomy; University of Leicester; Leicester UK
| | - C. S. Arridge
- Mullard Space Science Laboratory; University College London; London UK
- Centre for Planetary Sciences at UCL/Birkbeck; London UK
| | - A. J. Coates
- Mullard Space Science Laboratory; University College London; London UK
- Centre for Planetary Sciences at UCL/Birkbeck; London UK
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Wang Y, Hong M, Chen G, Xu W, Du A, Zhao X, Liu X, Luo H. Nightside field-aligned current during the April 6, 2000 superstorm. CHINESE SCIENCE BULLETIN-CHINESE 2010. [DOI: 10.1007/s11434-010-3260-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Sitnov MI, Tsyganenko NA, Ukhorskiy AY, Brandt PC. Dynamical data-based modeling of the storm-time geomagnetic field with enhanced spatial resolution. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008. [DOI: 10.1029/2007ja013003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M. I. Sitnov
- Applied Physics Laboratory; Johns Hopkins University; Laurel Maryland USA
| | - N. A. Tsyganenko
- Institute of Physics; University of St. Petersburg; St. Petersburg Russia
| | - A. Y. Ukhorskiy
- Applied Physics Laboratory; Johns Hopkins University; Laurel Maryland USA
| | - P. C. Brandt
- Applied Physics Laboratory; Johns Hopkins University; Laurel Maryland USA
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