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Hashemzadeh M. Discrete eigenmodes of filamentation instability in the presence of a q-nonextensive distribution. Phys Rev E 2020; 101:013202. [PMID: 32069659 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.101.013202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2018] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Discrete eigenmodes of the filamentation instability in a weakly ionized current-driven plasma in the presence of a q-nonextensive electron velocity distribution is investigated. Considering the kinetic theory, Bhatnagar-Gross-Krook collision model, and Lorentz transformation relations, the generalized longitudinal and transverse dielectric permittivities are obtained. Taking into account the long-wavelength limit and diffusion frequency limit, the dispersion relations are obtained. Using the approximation of geometrical optics and linear inhomogeneity of the plasma, the real and imaginary parts of the frequency are discussed in these limits. It is shown that in the long-wavelength limit, when the normalized electron velocity is increased the growth rate of the instability increases. However, when the collision frequency is increased the growth rate of the filamentation instability decreases. In the diffusion frequency limit, results indicate that the effects of the electron velocity and q-nonextensive parameter on the growth rate of the instability are similar. Finally, it is found that when the collision frequency is increased the growth rate of the instability increases in the presence of a q-nonextensive distribution.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Hashemzadeh
- Faculty of Physics, Shahrood University of Technology, Shahrood, Semnan Province, Iran
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2
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Strong whistler mode waves observed in the vicinity of Jupiter's moons. Nat Commun 2018; 9:3131. [PMID: 30087326 PMCID: PMC6081473 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-05431-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2017] [Accepted: 06/28/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Understanding of wave environments is critical for the understanding of how particles are accelerated and lost in space. This study shows that in the vicinity of Europa and Ganymede, that respectively have induced and internal magnetic fields, chorus wave power is significantly increased. The observed enhancements are persistent and exceed median values of wave activity by up to 6 orders of magnitude for Ganymede. Produced waves may have a pronounced effect on the acceleration and loss of particles in the Jovian magnetosphere and other astrophysical objects. The generated waves are capable of significantly modifying the energetic particle environment, accelerating particles to very high energies, or producing depletions in phase space density. Observations of Jupiter’s magnetosphere provide a unique opportunity to observe how objects with an internal magnetic field can interact with particles trapped in magnetic fields of larger scale objects. Observations of Jupiter’s magnetosphere provide opportunities to understand how magnetic fields interact with particles. Here, the authors report that the chorus wave power is increased in the vicinity of Europa and Ganymede. The generated waves are able to accelerate particles to very high energy.
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Tulej M, Meyer S, Lüthi M, Lasi D, Galli A, Desorgher L, Hajdas W, Karlsson S, Kalla L, Wurz P. Detection efficiency of microchannel plates for e(-) and π(-) in the momentum range from 17.5 to 345 MeV/c. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2015; 86:083310. [PMID: 26329184 DOI: 10.1063/1.4928063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
High-energy e(-) and π(-) were measured by the multichannel plate (MCP) detector at the PiM1 beam line of the High Intensity Proton Accelerator Facilities located at the Paul Scherrer Institute, Villigen, Switzerland. The measurements provide the absolute detection efficiencies for these particles: 5.8% ± 0.5% for electrons in the beam momenta range 17.5-300 MeV/c and 6.0% ± 1.3% for pions in the beam momenta range 172-345 MeV/c. The pulse height distribution determined from the measurements is close to an exponential function with negative exponent, indicating that the particles penetrated the MCP material before producing the signal somewhere inside the channel. Low charge extraction and nominal gains of the MCP detector observed in this study are consistent with the proposed mechanism of the signal formation by penetrating radiation. A very similar MCP ion detector will be used in the Neutral Ion Mass (NIM) spectrometer designed for the JUICE mission of European Space Agency (ESA) to the Jupiter system, to perform measurements of the chemical composition of the Galilean moon exospheres. The detection efficiency for penetrating radiation determined in the present studies is important for the optimisation of the radiation shielding of the NIM detector against the high-rate and high-energy electrons trapped in Jupiter's magnetic field. Furthermore, the current studies indicate that MCP detectors can be useful to measure high-energy particle beams at high temporal resolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Tulej
- Space Research and Planetary Sciences, Physics Institute, University of Bern, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - S Meyer
- Space Research and Planetary Sciences, Physics Institute, University of Bern, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - M Lüthi
- Space Research and Planetary Sciences, Physics Institute, University of Bern, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - D Lasi
- Space Research and Planetary Sciences, Physics Institute, University of Bern, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - A Galli
- Space Research and Planetary Sciences, Physics Institute, University of Bern, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - L Desorgher
- Laboratory of Particle Physics, Paul Scherrer Institute, CH-5232 Villigen, Switzerland
| | - W Hajdas
- Laboratory of Particle Physics, Paul Scherrer Institute, CH-5232 Villigen, Switzerland
| | - S Karlsson
- Swedish Institute of Space Physics, Space Kampus 1, Kiruna, Sweden
| | - L Kalla
- Swedish Institute of Space Physics, Space Kampus 1, Kiruna, Sweden
| | - P Wurz
- Space Research and Planetary Sciences, Physics Institute, University of Bern, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland
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4
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Heller R, Williams D, Kipping D, Limbach MA, Turner E, Greenberg R, Sasaki T, Bolmont É, Grasset O, Lewis K, Barnes R, Zuluaga JI. Formation, habitability, and detection of extrasolar moons. ASTROBIOLOGY 2014; 14:798-835. [PMID: 25147963 PMCID: PMC4172466 DOI: 10.1089/ast.2014.1147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2014] [Accepted: 06/05/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The diversity and quantity of moons in the Solar System suggest a manifold population of natural satellites exist around extrasolar planets. Of peculiar interest from an astrobiological perspective, the number of sizable moons in the stellar habitable zones may outnumber planets in these circumstellar regions. With technological and theoretical methods now allowing for the detection of sub-Earth-sized extrasolar planets, the first detection of an extrasolar moon appears feasible. In this review, we summarize formation channels of massive exomoons that are potentially detectable with current or near-future instruments. We discuss the orbital effects that govern exomoon evolution, we present a framework to characterize an exomoon's stellar plus planetary illumination as well as its tidal heating, and we address the techniques that have been proposed to search for exomoons. Most notably, we show that natural satellites in the range of 0.1-0.5 Earth mass (i) are potentially habitable, (ii) can form within the circumplanetary debris and gas disk or via capture from a binary, and (iii) are detectable with current technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- René Heller
- Origins Institute, Department of Physics and Astronomy, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
| | - Darren Williams
- The Behrend College School of Science, Penn State Erie, Erie, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - David Kipping
- Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Mary Anne Limbach
- Department of Astrophysical Sciences, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey, USA
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey, USA
| | - Edwin Turner
- Department of Astrophysical Sciences, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey, USA
- The Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Japan
| | - Richard Greenberg
- Lunar and Planetary Laboratory, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA
| | | | - Émeline Bolmont
- Université de Bordeaux, LAB, UMR 5804, Floirac, France
- CNRS, LAB, UMR 5804, Floirac, France
| | - Olivier Grasset
- Planetology and Geodynamics, University of Nantes, CNRS, Nantes, France
| | - Karen Lewis
- Earth and Planetary Sciences, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Rory Barnes
- Astronomy Department, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
- NASA Astrobiology Institute—Virtual Planetary Laboratory Lead Team, USA
| | - Jorge I. Zuluaga
- FACom—Instituto de Física—FCEN, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia
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Moslem WM, Sabry R, El-Labany SK, Shukla PK. Dust-acoustic rogue waves in a nonextensive plasma. PHYSICAL REVIEW. E, STATISTICAL, NONLINEAR, AND SOFT MATTER PHYSICS 2011; 84:066402. [PMID: 22304203 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.84.066402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2011] [Revised: 11/16/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
We present an investigation for the generation of a dust-acoustic rogue wave in a dusty plasma composed of negatively charged dust grains, as well as nonextensive electrons and ions. For this purpose, the reductive perturbation technique is used to obtain a nonlinear Schrödinger equation. The critical wave-number threshold k(c), which indicates where the modulational instability sets in, has been determined precisely for various regimes. Two different behaviors of k(c) against the nonextensive parameter q are found. For small k(c), it is found that increasing q would lead to an increase of k(c) until q approaches a certain value q(c), then further increase of q beyond q(c) decreases the value of k(c). For large k(c), the critical wave-number threshold k(c) is always increasing with q. Within the modulational instability region, a random perturbation of the amplitude grows and thus creates dust-acoustic rogue waves. In order to show that the characteristics of the rogue waves are influenced by the plasma parameters, the relevant numerical analysis of the appropriate nonlinear solution is presented. The nonlinear structure, as reported here, could be useful for controlling and maximizing highly energetic pulses in dusty plasmas.
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Affiliation(s)
- W M Moslem
- International Centre for Advanced Studies in Physical Sciences, Faculty of Physics and Astronomy, Ruhr University Bochum, D-44780 Bochum, Germany.
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Abstract
When Earth-orbiting spacecraft are exposed to large fluxes of energetic charged particles, electric discharges occur on circuit boards, solar panels, and other dielectric surfaces. Large fluxes of energetic partides can produce such discharges on natural materials in the solar system. Surface discharges will occur under a variety of conditions, but particularly favorable environments are expected to occur within the magnetospheres of the giant planets; an example is the surface of Io.
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Stone RG, Pedersen BM, Harvey CC, Canu P, Cornilleau-Wehrlin N, Desch MD, de Villedary C, Fainberg J, Farrell WM, Goetz K, Hess RA, Hoang S, Kaiser ML, Kellogg PJ, Lecacheux A, Lin N, Macdowall RJ, Manning R, Meetre CA, Meyer-Vernet N, Moncuquet M, Osherovich V, Reiner MJ, Tekle A, Thiessen J, Zarka P. Ulysses radio and plasma wave observations in the jupiter environment. Science 2010; 257:1524-31. [PMID: 17776162 DOI: 10.1126/science.257.5076.1524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
The Unified Radio and Plasma Wave (URAP) experiment has produced new observations of the Jupiter environment, owing to the unique capabilities of the instrument and the traversal of high Jovian latitudes. Broad-band continuum radio emission from Jupiter and in situ plasma waves have proved valuable in delineating the magnetospheric boundaries. Simultaneous measurements of electric and magnetic wave fields have yielded new evidence of whistler-mode radiation within the magnetosphere. Observations of aurorallike hiss provided evidence of a Jovian cusp. The source direction and polarization capabilities of URAP have demonstrated that the outer region of the lo plasma torus supported at least five separate radio sources that reoccurred during successive rotations with a measurable corotation lag. Thermal noise measurements of the lo torus densities yielded values in the densest portion that are similar to models suggested on the basis of Voyager observations of 13 years ago. The URAP measurements also suggest complex beaming and polarization characteristics of Jovian radio components. In addition, a new class of kilometer-wavelength striated Jovian bursts has been observed.
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8
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Jun I, Garrett HB. Comparison of high-energy trapped particle environments at the Earth and Jupiter. RADIATION PROTECTION DOSIMETRY 2005; 116:50-4. [PMID: 16604595 DOI: 10.1093/rpd/nci074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
The 'Van Allen belts' of the trapped energetic particles in the Earth's magnetosphere were discovered by the Explorer I satellite in 1958. In addition, in 1959, it was observed that UHF radio emissions from Jupiter probably had a similar source--the Jovian radiation belts. In this paper, the global characteristics of these two planets' trapped radiation environments and respective magnetospheres are compared and state-of-the-art models used to generate estimates of the high-energy electron (> or = 100 keV) and proton (> or = 1 MeV) populations--the dominant radiation particles in these environments. The models used are the AP8/AE8 series for the Earth and the Divine-Garrett/GIRE model for Jupiter. To illustrate the relative magnitude of radiation effects at each planet, radiation transport calculations were performed to compute the total ionising dose levels at the geosynchronous orbit for the Earth and at Europa (Jupiter's 4th largest moon) for Jupiter. The results show that the dose rates are -0.1 krad(Si) d(-1) at the geosynchronous orbit and -30 krad(Si) d((-1) at Europa for a 2.5 mm spherical shell aluminium shield--a factor of -300 between the two planets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Insoo Jun
- Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Mail Stop 122-107, 4800 Oak Grove Drive, Pasadena, CA 91109, USA.
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Atwell W, Townsend L, Miller T, Campbell C. A reassessment of Galileo radiation exposures in the Jupiter magnetosphere. RADIATION PROTECTION DOSIMETRY 2005; 116:220-3. [PMID: 16604631 DOI: 10.1093/rpd/nci009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Earlier particle experiments in the 1970s on Pioneer-10 and -11 and Voyager-1 and -2 provided Jupiter flyby particle data, which were used by Divine and Garrett to develop the first Jupiter trapped radiation environment model. This model was used to establish a baseline radiation effects design limit for the Galileo onboard electronics. Recently, Garrett et al. have developed an updated Galileo Interim Radiation Environment (GIRE) model based on Galileo electron data. In this paper, we have used the GIRE model to reassess the computed radiation exposures and dose effects for Galileo. The 34-orbit 'as flown' Galileo trajectory data and the updated GIRE model were used to compute the electron and proton spectra for each of the 34 orbits. The total ionisation doses of electrons and protons have been computed based on a parametric shielding configuration, and these results are compared with previously published results.
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Affiliation(s)
- William Atwell
- The Boeing Company, NASA Systems, Houston, TX 77058, USA.
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Wilson JW, Clowdsley MS, Cucinotta FA, Tripathi RK, Nealy JE, De Angelis G. Deep space environments for human exploration. ADVANCES IN SPACE RESEARCH : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE COMMITTEE ON SPACE RESEARCH (COSPAR) 2004; 34:1281-7. [PMID: 15880915 DOI: 10.1016/j.asr.2003.10.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Mission scenarios outside the Earth's protective magnetic shield are being studied. Included are high usage assets in the near-Earth environment for casual trips, for research, and for commercial/operational platforms, in which career exposures will be multi-mission determined over the astronaut's lifetime. The operational platforms will serve as launching points for deep space exploration missions, characterized by a single long-duration mission during the astronaut's career. The exploration beyond these operational platforms will include missions to planets, asteroids, and planetary satellites. The interplanetary environment is evaluated using convective diffusion theory. Local environments for each celestial body are modeled by using results from the most recent targeted spacecraft, and integrated into the design environments. Design scenarios are then evaluated for these missions. The underlying assumptions in arriving at the model environments and their impact on mission exposures within various shield materials will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- J W Wilson
- NASA Langley Research Center, Hampton, VA 23681-2199, USA.
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11
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De Angelis G, Clowdsley MS, Nealy JE, Tripathi RK, Wilson JW. Radiation analysis for manned missions to the Jupiter system. ADVANCES IN SPACE RESEARCH : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE COMMITTEE ON SPACE RESEARCH (COSPAR) 2004; 34:1395-403. [PMID: 15881781 DOI: 10.1016/j.asr.2003.09.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
An analysis for manned missions targeted to the Jovian system has been performed in the framework of the NASA RASC (Revolutionary Aerospace Systems Concepts) program on Human Exploration beyond Mars. The missions were targeted to the Jupiter satellite Callisto. The mission analysis has been divided into three main phases, namely the interplanetary cruise, the Jupiter orbital insertion, and the surface landing and exploration phases. The interplanetary phase is based on departure from the Earth-Moon L1 point. Interplanetary trajectories based on the use of different propulsion systems have been considered, with resulting overall cruise phase duration varying between two and five years. The Jupiter-approach and the orbital insertion trajectories are considered in detail, with the spacecraft crossing the Jupiter radiation belts and staying around the landing target. In the surface exploration phase the stay on the Callisto surface is considered. The satellite surface composition has been modeled based on the most recent results from the GALILEO spacecraft. In the transport computations the surface backscattering has been duly taken into account. Particle transport has been performed with the HZETRN heavy ion code for hadrons and with an in-house developed transport code for electrons and bremsstrahlung photons. The obtained doses have been compared to dose exposure limits.
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Affiliation(s)
- G De Angelis
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA 23508, USA.
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12
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Bolton SJ, Janssen M, Thorne R, Levin S, Klein M, Gulkis S, Bastian T, Sault R, Elachi C, Hofstadter M, Bunker A, Dulk G, Gudim E, Hamilton G, Johnson WTK, Leblanc Y, Liepack O, McLeod R, Roller J, Roth L, West R. Ultra-relativistic electrons in Jupiter's radiation belts. Nature 2002; 415:987-91. [PMID: 11875557 DOI: 10.1038/415987a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Ground-based observations have shown that Jupiter is a two-component source of microwave radio emission: thermal atmospheric emission and synchrotron emission from energetic electrons spiralling in Jupiter's magnetic field. Later in situ measurements confirmed the existence of Jupiter's high-energy electron-radiation belts, with evidence for electrons at energies up to 20[?]MeV. Although most radiation belt models predict electrons at higher energies, adiabatic diffusion theory can account only for energies up to around 20[?]MeV. Unambiguous evidence for more energetic electrons is lacking. Here we report observations of 13.8[?]GHz synchrotron emission that confirm the presence of electrons with energies up to 50[?]MeV; the data were collected during the Cassini fly-by of Jupiter. These energetic electrons may be repeatedly accelerated through an interaction with plasma waves, which can transfer energy into the electrons. Preliminary comparison of our data with model results suggests that electrons with energies of less than 20[?]MeV are more numerous than previously believed.
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Affiliation(s)
- S J Bolton
- Jet Propulsion Laboratory/Caltech, Pasadena, California 91109, USA.
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Louarn P, Roux A, Perraut S, Kurth WS, Gurnett DA. A study of the Jovian “energetic magnetospheric events” observed by Galileo: role in the radial plasma transport. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2000. [DOI: 10.1029/1999ja900478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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15
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Queinnec J, Zarka P. Io-controlled decameter arcs and Io-Jupiter interaction. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1998. [DOI: 10.1029/98ja02435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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16
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Zarka P. Auroral radio emissions at the outer planets: Observations and theories. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1998. [DOI: 10.1029/98je01323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 339] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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17
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Colwell JE, Horányi M, Grün E. Capture of interplanetary and interstellar dust by the jovian magnetosphere. Science 1998; 280:88-91. [PMID: 9525863 DOI: 10.1126/science.280.5360.88] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Interplanetary and interstellar dust grains entering Jupiter's magnetosphere form a detectable diffuse faint ring of exogenic material. This ring is composed of particles in the size range of 0. 5 to 1.5 micrometers on retrograde and prograde orbits in a 4:1 ratio, with semimajor axes 3 < a < 20 jovian radii, eccentricities 0. 1 < e < 0.3, and inclinations i less, similar 20 degrees or i greater, similar 160 degrees. The size range and the orbital characteristics are consistent with in situ detections of micrometer-sized grains by the Galileo dust detector, and the measured rates match the number densities predicted from numerical trajectory integrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- J E Colwell
- Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309-0392, USA.
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18
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Anglin JD, Burrows JR, Mu JL, Wilson MD. Trapped energetic ions in Jupiter's inner magnetosphere. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1997. [DOI: 10.1029/96ja02681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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19
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Maurice S, Sittler EC, Cooper JF, Mauk BH, Blanc M, Selesnick RS. Comprehensive analysis of electron observations at Saturn: Voyager 1 and 2. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1996. [DOI: 10.1029/96ja00765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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20
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Carr MH, Belton MJS, Bender K, Breneman H, Greeley R, Head JW, Klaasen KP, McEwen AS, Moore JM, Murchie S, Pappalardo RT, Plutchak J, Sullivan R, Thornhill G, Veverka J. The Galileo Imaging Team plan for observing the satellites of Jupiter. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1995. [DOI: 10.1029/95je00971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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21
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Mei Y, Thorne RM, Bagenal F. Analytical model for the density distribution in the Io plasma torus. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1995. [DOI: 10.1029/94ja02359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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22
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Hobara Y, Molchanov OA, Hayakawa M, Ohta K. Propagation characteristics of whistler waves in the Jovian ionosphere and magnetosphere. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1995. [DOI: 10.1029/95ja02434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Bird MK, Asmar SW, Brenkle JP, Edenhofer P, Funke O, Pätzold M, Volland H. Ulysses Radio Occultation Observations of the Io Plasma Torus During the Jupiter Encounter. Science 1992; 257:1531-5. [PMID: 17776163 DOI: 10.1126/science.257.5076.1531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Radio signals from Ulysses were used to probe the lo plasma torus (IPT) shortly after the spacecraft's closest approach to Jupiter. The frequencies of the two downlinks at S-band (2.3 gigahertz) and X-band (8.4 gigahertz) were recorded, differenced, and integrated in order to derive the columnar electron density of the IPT. The measurements agree qualitatively with contemporary models of the IPT based on Voyager data, but significant differences are apparent as well. The overall level of the IPT electron density is approximately the same as the prediction, implying that the amount of gas (or plasma) injected from lo is similar to that observed during the Voyager era. On the other hand, the IPT seems to be less extended out of the centrifugal equator, implying a smaller plasma temperature than predicted.
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25
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Galopeau P, Zarka P. Reply [to “Comment on ‘Evidence of Saturn's magnetic field anomaly from saturnian kilometric radiation high-frequency limit’”]. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1992. [DOI: 10.1029/92ja00323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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26
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Getselev IV, Ignatiev PP, Kabashova NA, Kontor NN, Moszhukhina AR, Timofeev GA, Khotilovskaya TG. A model of radiation conditions during spacecraft flights in the interplanetary space and in the Earth's magnetosphere. ADVANCES IN SPACE RESEARCH : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE COMMITTEE ON SPACE RESEARCH (COSPAR) 1992; 12:441-444. [PMID: 11537042 DOI: 10.1016/0273-1177(92)90142-k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Based on the available measurement data, simulations of radiation conditions during spacecraft flights in the interplanetary space and in the Earth's and Jupiter's radiation belts has been carried out. The > or = 10 MeV and > or = 30 MeV solar flare proton fluence forecast has been proposed for Cycle 22. Radiation conditions due to both magnetospheric electrons and protons and to solar flare protons, magnetic rigidity cutoff being taken into account, have been evaluated on spacecraft trajectories in the Earth's and Jupiter's magnetospheres.
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Affiliation(s)
- I V Getselev
- Institute of Nuclear Physics, Moscow State University, USSR
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27
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Ladreiter HP, Leblanc Y. Prediction of the Ulysses Jovian hectometric observations. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1991. [DOI: 10.1029/91ja02265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Ladreiter HP, Leblanc Y. Source location of the Jovian hectometric radiation via ray-tracing technique. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1990. [DOI: 10.1029/ja095ia05p06423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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