1
|
Sekine T, Ozaki N, Miyanishi K, Asaumi Y, Kimura T, Albertazzi B, Sato Y, Sakawa Y, Sano T, Sugita S, Matsui T, Kodama R. Shock compression response of forsterite above 250 GPa. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2016; 2:e1600157. [PMID: 27493993 PMCID: PMC4972465 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.1600157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2016] [Accepted: 06/30/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Forsterite (Mg2SiO4) is one of the major planetary materials, and its behavior under extreme conditions is important to understand the interior structure of large planets, such as super-Earths, and large-scale planetary impact events. Previous shock compression measurements of forsterite indicate that it may melt below 200 GPa, but these measurements did not go beyond 200 GPa. We report the shock response of forsterite above ~250 GPa, obtained using the laser shock wave technique. We simultaneously measured the Hugoniot and temperature of shocked forsterite and interpreted the results to suggest the following: (i) incongruent crystallization of MgO at 271 to 285 GPa, (ii) phase transition of MgO at 285 to 344 GPa, and (iii) remelting above ~470 to 500 GPa. These exothermic and endothermic reactions are seen to occur under extreme conditions of pressure and temperature. They indicate complex structural and chemical changes in the system MgO-SiO2 at extreme pressures and temperatures and will affect the way we understand the interior processes of large rocky planets as well as material transformation by impacts in the formation of planetary systems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Toshimori Sekine
- Department of Earth and Planetary Systems Science, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan
| | - Norimasa Ozaki
- Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Suita 565-0871, Japan
- Photon Pioneers Center, Osaka University, Suita 565-0871, Japan
| | - Kohei Miyanishi
- Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Suita 565-0871, Japan
| | - Yuto Asaumi
- Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Suita 565-0871, Japan
| | - Tomoaki Kimura
- Geodynamics Research Center, Ehime University, Matsuyama 790-8577, Japan
| | - Bruno Albertazzi
- Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Suita 565-0871, Japan
| | - Yuya Sato
- Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Suita 565-0871, Japan
| | - Youichi Sakawa
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, Suita 565-0871, Japan
| | - Takayoshi Sano
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, Suita 565-0871, Japan
| | - Seiji Sugita
- Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa 277-856, Japan
| | - Takafumi Matsui
- Planetary Exploration Research Center, Chiba Institute of Technology, Narashino 275-0016, Japan
| | - Ryosuke Kodama
- Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Suita 565-0871, Japan
- Photon Pioneers Center, Osaka University, Suita 565-0871, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Jeanloz R, Ahrens TJ. Release adiabat measurements on minerals: The effect of viscosity. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1029/jb084ib13p07545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
|
3
|
Thomas CW, Liu Q, Agee CB, Asimow PD, Lange RA. Multi-technique equation of state for Fe2SiO4melt and the density of Fe-bearing silicate melts from 0 to 161 GPa. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1029/2012jb009403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
|
4
|
Watt JP, Ahrens TJ. The role of iron partitioning in mantle composition, evolution, and scale of convection. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1029/jb087ib07p05631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
|
5
|
|
6
|
Vizgirda J, Ahrens TJ. Shock compression of aragonite and implications for the equation of state of carbonates. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1029/jb087ib06p04747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
|
7
|
|
8
|
Rigden SM, Ahrens TJ, Stolper EM. Shock compression of molten silicate: Results for a model basaltic composition. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1029/jb093ib01p00367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 162] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
|
9
|
|
10
|
Ahrens TJ, Jeanloz R. Pyrite: Shock compression, isentropic release, and composition of the Earth's core. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1029/jb092ib10p10363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
|
11
|
|
12
|
Syono Y, Goto T, Sato JI, Takei H. Shock compression measurements of single-crystal forsterite in the pressure range 15-93 GPa. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1029/jb086ib07p06181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
|
13
|
Asimow PD, Ahrens TJ. Shock compression of liquid silicates to 125 GPa: The anorthite-diopside join. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1029/2009jb007145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
|
14
|
Abstract
Shock wave techniques have been used to investigate the pressuredensity relations of metals, silicates, and oxides over the entire range of pressures present in the earth (3.7 x 10(6) bars at the center). In many materials of geophysical interest, such as iron, wüstite, calcium oxide, and forsterite, major shock-induced phase changes dominate the compression behavior below pressures of 10(6) bars. The shock wave data for the high-pressure phases of these minerals lead to important inferences about the composition of the lower mantle and outer, liquid core of the earth. The lower mantle of the earth appears to have a slightly higher density than is inferred to correspond to the behavior of an olivine-rich assembiage of the same composition as the upper mantle. The core has a density some 10 percent less than that of pure iron and may have 9 to 12 percent sulfur or about 8 percent oxygen by weight.
Collapse
|
15
|
Mosenfelder JL, Asimow PD, Ahrens TJ. Thermodynamic properties of Mg2SiO4liquid at ultra-high pressures from shock measurements to 200 GPa on forsterite and wadsleyite. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007. [DOI: 10.1029/2006jb004364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
|
16
|
|
17
|
Luo SN, Akins JA, Ahrens TJ, Asimow PD. Shock-compressed MgSiO3glass, enstatite, olivine, and quartz: Optical emission, temperatures, and melting. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2004. [DOI: 10.1029/2003jb002860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sheng-Nian Luo
- Plasma Physics (P-24) and Earth and Environmental Sciences (EES-11); Los Alamos National Laboratory; Los Alamos New Mexico USA
- Lindhurst Laboratory of Experimental Geophysics, Seismological Laboratory; California Institute of Technology; Pasadena California USA
| | - Joseph A. Akins
- Lindhurst Laboratory of Experimental Geophysics, Seismological Laboratory; California Institute of Technology; Pasadena California USA
| | - Thomas J. Ahrens
- Lindhurst Laboratory of Experimental Geophysics, Seismological Laboratory; California Institute of Technology; Pasadena California USA
| | - Paul D. Asimow
- Division of Geological and Planetary Sciences; California Institute of Technology; Pasadena California USA
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Tyburczy JA, Duffy TS, Ahrens TJ, Lange MA. Shock wave equation of state of serpentine to 150 GPa: Implications for the occurrence of water in the Earth's lower mantle. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1991. [DOI: 10.1029/91jb01573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
|
19
|
Williams Q, Knittle E, Reichlin R, Martin S, Jeanloz R. Structural and electronic properties of Fe2SiO4-fayalite at ultrahigh pressures: Amorphization and gap closure. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1990. [DOI: 10.1029/jb095ib13p21549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
|
20
|
Schmitt DR, Ahrens TJ. Shock temperatures in silica glass: Implications for modes of shock-induced deformation, phase transformation, and melting with pressure. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1989. [DOI: 10.1029/jb094ib05p05851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
|
21
|
Thermodynamics of Stable Mineral Assemblages of the Mantle Transition Zone. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1986. [DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4612-4928-3_9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register]
|
22
|
|
23
|
Syono Y, Goto T, Takei H, Tokonami M, Nobugai K. Association Reaction in Forsterite Under Shock Compression. Science 1981; 214:177-9. [PMID: 17733999 DOI: 10.1126/science.214.4517.177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Transmission electron microscopic observation of forsterite (Mg(2)SiO(4)) shocked to peak pressures of 78 to 92 gigapascals revealed that forsterite breaks down to an assemblage of MgO plus MgSiO(3) glass. This strongly supports the interpretation that the high-pressure phase of forsterite under shock compression is due to the assemblage of MgSiO(3) perovskite plus MgO.
Collapse
|
24
|
|
25
|
Somerville M, Ahrens TJ. Shock compression of KFeS2and the question of potassium in the core. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1980. [DOI: 10.1029/jb085ib12p07016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
|