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Platz T, Byrne PK, Massironi M, Hiesinger H. Volcanism and tectonism across the inner solar system: an overview. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.1144/sp401.22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
AbstractVolcanism and tectonism are the dominant endogenic means by which planetary surfaces change. This book, in general, and this overview, in particular, aim to encompass the broad range in character of volcanism, tectonism, faulting and associated interactions observed on planetary bodies across the inner solar system – a region that includes Mercury, Venus, Earth, the Moon, Mars and asteroids. The diversity and breadth of landforms produced by volcanic and tectonic processes are enormous, and vary across the inventory of inner solar system bodies. As a result, the selection of prevailing landforms and their underlying formational processes that are described and highlighted in this review are but a primer to the expansive field of planetary volcanism and tectonism. In addition to this extended introductory contribution, this Special Publication features 21 dedicated research articles about volcanic and tectonic processes manifest across the inner solar system. Those articles are summarized at the end of this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- T. Platz
- Planetary Science Institute, 1700 East Fort Lowell Road, Tucson, AZ 85719-2395, USA
- Freie Universität Berlin, Institute of Geological Sciences, Planetary Sciences & Remote Sensing, Malteserstrasse 74-100, 12249 Berlin, Germany
| | - P. K. Byrne
- Lunar and Planetary Institute, Universities Space Research Association, 3600 Bay Area Boulevard, Houston, TX 77058, USA
- Department of Terrestrial Magnetism, Carnegie Institution of Washington, 5241 Broad Branch Road NW, Washington, DC 20015-1305, USA
| | - M. Massironi
- Dipartimento di Geoscienze, Universita' degli Studi di Padova, via G. Gradenigo 6, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - H. Hiesinger
- Institut für Planetologie, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Wilhelm-Klemm-Strasse 10, 48149 Münster, Germany
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Tanaka KL, Golombek MP, Banerdt WB. Reconciliation of stress and structural histories of the Tharsis region of Mars. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1029/91je01194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 159] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Craddock RA, Maxwell TA. Geomorphic evolution of the Martian highlands through ancient fluvial processes. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1029/92je02508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 194] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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McGill GE. Buried topography of Utopia, Mars: Persistence of a giant impact depression. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1029/jb094ib03p02753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Byrne PK, van Wyk de Vries B, Murray JB, Troll VR. A volcanotectonic survey of Ascraeus Mons, Mars. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1029/2011je003825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Tirsch D, Jaumann R, Pacifici A, Poulet F. Dark aeolian sediments in Martian craters: Composition and sources. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.1029/2009je003562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Irwin RP, Craddock RA, Howard AD, Flemming HL. Topographic influences on development of Martian valley networks. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.1029/2010je003620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Warner N, Gupta S, Lin SY, Kim JR, Muller JP, Morley J. Late Noachian to Hesperian climate change on Mars: Evidence of episodic warming from transient crater lakes near Ares Vallis. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1029/2009je003522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Williams DA, Greeley R, Werner SC, Michael G, Crown DA, Neukum G, Raitala J. Tyrrhena Patera: Geologic history derived fromMars ExpressHigh Resolution Stereo Camera. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008. [DOI: 10.1029/2008je003104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Rossi AP, Neukum G, Pondrelli M, van Gasselt S, Zegers T, Hauber E, Chicarro A, Foing B. Large-scale spring deposits on Mars? ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008. [DOI: 10.1029/2007je003062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Williams DA, Greeley R, Zuschneid W, Werner SC, Neukum G, Crown DA, Gregg TKP, Gwinner K, Raitala J. Hadriaca Patera: Insights into its volcanic history from Mars Express High Resolution Stereo Camera. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007. [DOI: 10.1029/2007je002924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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van Gasselt S, Hauber E, Neukum G. Cold-climate modification of Martian landscapes: A case study of a spatulate debris landform in the Hellas Montes Region, Mars. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007. [DOI: 10.1029/2006je002842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Bleacher JE, Greeley R, Williams DA, Cave SR, Neukum G. Trends in effusive style at the Tharsis Montes, Mars, and implications for the development of the Tharsis province. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007. [DOI: 10.1029/2006je002873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Di Achille G, Ori GG, Reiss D. Evidence for late Hesperian lacustrine activity in Shalbatana Vallis, Mars. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007. [DOI: 10.1029/2006je002858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Hiesinger H, Head JW, Neukum G. Young lava flows on the eastern flank of Ascraeus Mons: Rheological properties derived from High Resolution Stereo Camera (HRSC) images and Mars Orbiter Laser Altimeter (MOLA) data. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007. [DOI: 10.1029/2006je002717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Kronberg P, Hauber E, Grott M, Werner SC, Schäfer T, Gwinner K, Giese B, Masson P, Neukum G. Acheron Fossae, Mars: Tectonic rifting, volcanism, and implications for lithospheric thickness. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007. [DOI: 10.1029/2006je002780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Knapmeyer M, Oberst J, Hauber E, Wählisch M, Deuchler C, Wagner R. Working models for spatial distribution and level of Mars' seismicity. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006. [DOI: 10.1029/2006je002708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 129] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Neukum G, Jaumann R, Hoffmann H, Hauber E, Head JW, Basilevsky AT, Ivanov BA, Werner SC, van Gasselt S, Murray JB, McCord T. Recent and episodic volcanic and glacial activity on Mars revealed by the High Resolution Stereo Camera. Nature 2005; 432:971-9. [PMID: 15616551 DOI: 10.1038/nature03231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 390] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2004] [Accepted: 11/30/2004] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The large-area coverage at a resolution of 10-20 metres per pixel in colour and three dimensions with the High Resolution Stereo Camera Experiment on the European Space Agency Mars Express Mission has made it possible to study the time-stratigraphic relationships of volcanic and glacial structures in unprecedented detail and give insight into the geological evolution of Mars. Here we show that calderas on five major volcanoes on Mars have undergone repeated activation and resurfacing during the last 20 per cent of martian history, with phases of activity as young as two million years, suggesting that the volcanoes are potentially still active today. Glacial deposits at the base of the Olympus Mons escarpment show evidence for repeated phases of activity as recently as about four million years ago. Morphological evidence is found that snow and ice deposition on the Olympus construct at elevations of more than 7,000 metres led to episodes of glacial activity at this height. Even now, water ice protected by an insulating layer of dust may be present at high altitudes on Olympus Mons.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Neukum
- Institut fuer Geologische Wissenschaften, Freie Universitaet Berlin, Malteserstrasse 74-100, Bldg D, 12249 Berlin, Germany.
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Harrison KP. Groundwater-controlled valley networks and the decline of surface runoff on early Mars. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2005. [DOI: 10.1029/2005je002455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Irwin RP, Howard AD, Craddock RA, Moore JM. An intense terminal epoch of widespread fluvial activity on early Mars: 2. Increased runoff and paleolake development. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2005. [DOI: 10.1029/2005je002460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 298] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Shean DE. Origin and evolution of a cold-based tropical mountain glacier on Mars: The Pavonis Mons fan-shaped deposit. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2005. [DOI: 10.1029/2004je002360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 146] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Smrekar SE. Geologic evolution of the Martian dichotomy in the Ismenius area of Mars and implications for plains magnetization. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2004. [DOI: 10.1029/2004je002260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Irwin RP. Sedimentary resurfacing and fretted terrain development along the crustal dichotomy boundary, Aeolis Mensae, Mars. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2004. [DOI: 10.1029/2004je002248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Reiss D. Absolute dune ages and implications for the time of formation of gullies in Nirgal Vallis, Mars. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2004. [DOI: 10.1029/2004je002251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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McGovern PJ, Solomon SC, Smith DE, Zuber MT, Simons M, Wieczorek MA, Phillips RJ, Neumann GA, Aharonson O, Head JW. Localized gravity/topography admittance and correlation spectra on Mars: Implications for regional and global evolution. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2002. [DOI: 10.1029/2002je001854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 214] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Sean C. Solomon
- Department of Terrestrial Magnetism; Carnegie Institution of Washington; Washington D.C. USA
| | | | - Maria T. Zuber
- Department of Earth, Atmospheric, and Planetary Sciences; Massachusetts Institute of Technology; Cambridge Massachusetts USA
| | - Mark Simons
- Division of Geological and Planetary Sciences; California Institute of Technology; Pasadena California USA
| | - Mark A. Wieczorek
- Department of Earth, Atmospheric, and Planetary Sciences; Massachusetts Institute of Technology; Cambridge Massachusetts USA
| | - Roger J. Phillips
- Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences; Washington University; St. Louis Missouri USA
| | - Gregory A. Neumann
- Department of Earth, Atmospheric, and Planetary Sciences; Massachusetts Institute of Technology; Cambridge Massachusetts USA
| | - Oded Aharonson
- Department of Earth, Atmospheric, and Planetary Sciences; Massachusetts Institute of Technology; Cambridge Massachusetts USA
| | - James W. Head
- Department of Geological Sciences; Brown University; Providence Rhode Island USA
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Fagents SA, Lanagan P, Greeley R. Rootless cones on Mars: a consequence of lava-ground ice interaction. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2002. [DOI: 10.1144/gsl.sp.2002.202.01.15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
AbstractFields of small cratered cones on Mars are interpreted to have formed by rootless eruptions due to explosive interaction of lava with ground ice contained within the regolith beneath the flow. Melting and vaporization of the ice, and subsequent explosive expansion of the vapour, act to excavate the lava and construct a rootless cone around the explosion site. Similar features are found in Iceland, where flowing lavas encountered water-saturated substrates. The martian cones have basal diameters of c. 30–1000 m and are located predominantly in the northern volcanic plains. High-resolution Mars Orbiter Camera images offer significant improvements over Viking data for interpretation of cone origins. A new model of the dynamics of cone formation indicates that very modest amounts of water ice are required to initiate and sustain the explosive interactions that produced the observed features. This is consistent with the likely low availability of water ice in the martian regolith. The scarcity of impact craters on many of the host lava flows indicates very young ages, suggesting that ground ice was present as recently as <10–100 Ma, and may persist today. Rootless cones therefore act as a spatial and temporal probe of the distribution of ground ice on Mars, which is of key significance in understanding the evolution of the martian climate. The location of water in liquid or solid form is of great importance to future robotic and human exploration strategies, and to the search for extraterrestrial life.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. A. Fagents
- Department of Geological Sciences
Box 871404, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287-1404, USA
- Hawaii Institute of Geophysics and Planetology/SOEST, University of Hawaii at Manoa
2525 Correa Road, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA
| | - P. Lanagan
- Lunar and Planetary Laboratory, University of Arizona
Tucson, AZ 85721, USA
| | - R. Greeley
- Department of Geological Sciences
Box 871404, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287-1404, USA
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Acuña MH, Connerney JEP, Wasilewski P, Lin RP, Mitchell D, Anderson KA, Carlson CW, McFadden J, Rème H, Mazelle C, Vignes D, Bauer SJ, Cloutier P, Ness NF. Magnetic field of Mars: Summary of results from the aerobraking and mapping orbits. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2001. [DOI: 10.1029/2000je001404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 267] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Neukum G, Ivanov BA, Hartmann WK. Cratering Records in the Inner Solar System in Relation to the Lunar Reference System. SPACE SCIENCES SERIES OF ISSI 2001. [DOI: 10.1007/978-94-017-1035-0_3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Wilson L, Scott ED, Head JW. Evidence for episodicity in the magma supply to the large Tharsis volcanoes. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2001. [DOI: 10.1029/2000je001280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Abstract
Layered and massive outcrops on Mars, some as thick as 4 kilometers, display the geomorphic attributes and stratigraphic relations of sedimentary rock. Repeated beds in some locations imply a dynamic depositional environment during early martian history. Subaerial (such as eolian, impact, and volcaniclastic) and subaqueous processes may have contributed to the formation of the layers. Affinity for impact craters suggests dominance of lacustrine deposition; alternatively, the materials were deposited in a dry, subaerial setting in which atmospheric density, and variations thereof mimic a subaqueous depositional environment. The source regions and transport paths for the materials are not preserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- M C Malin
- Malin Space Science Systems, Post Office Box 910148, San Diego, CA 92191-0148, USA
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Hartmann WK, Malin M, McEwen A, Carr M, Soderblom L, Thomas P, Danielson E, James P, Veverka J. Evidence for recent volcanism on Mars from crater counts. Nature 1999. [DOI: 10.1038/17545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 148] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Mojzsis SJ, Arrhenius G. Phosphates and carbon on Mars: Exobiological implications and sample return considerations. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1998. [DOI: 10.1029/98je02141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Harder H. Phase transitions and the three-dimensional planform of thermal convection in the Martian mantle. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1998. [DOI: 10.1029/98je01543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Tanaka KL. Sedimentary history and mass flow structures of Chryse and Acidalia Planitiae, Mars. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1997. [DOI: 10.1029/96je02862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 142] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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A 4-Gyr shock age for a martian meteorite and implications for the cratering history of Mars. Nature 1996. [DOI: 10.1038/380057a0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Breuer D, Zhou H, Yuen DA, Spohn T. Phase transitions in the Martian mantle: Implications for the planet's volcanic history. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1996. [DOI: 10.1029/96je00117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Spada G, Sabadini R, Boschi E. Long-term rotation and mantle dynamics of the Earth, Mars, and Venus. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1996. [DOI: 10.1029/95je03222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Farmer JD. Hydrothermal systems on Mars: an assessment of present evidence. CIBA FOUNDATION SYMPOSIUM 1996; 202:273-95; discussion 295-9. [PMID: 9243021 DOI: 10.1002/9780470514986.ch15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Hydrothermal processes have been suggested to explain a number of observations for Mars, including D/H ratios of water extracted from Martian meteorites, as a means for removing CO2 from the Martian atmosphere and sequestering it in the crust as carbonates, and as a possible origin for iron oxide-rich spectral units on the floors of some rifted basins (chasmata). There are numerous examples of Martian channels formed by discharges of subsurface water near potential magmatic heat sources, and hydrothermal processes have also been proposed as a mechanism for aquifer recharge needed to sustain long term erosion of sapping channels. The following geological settings have been identified as targets for ancient hydrothermal systems on Mars: channels located along the margins of impact crater melt sheets and on the slopes of ancient volcanoes; chaotic and fretted terranes where shallow subsurface heat sources are thought to have interacted with ground ice; and the floors of calderas and rifted basins (e.g. chasmata). On Earth, such geological environments are often a locus for hydrothermal mineralization. But we presently lack the mineralogical information needed for a definitive evaluation of hypotheses. A preferred tool for identifying minerals by remote sensing methods on Earth is high spatial resolution, hyperspectral, near-infrared spectroscopy, a technique that has been extensively developed by mineral explorationists. Future efforts to explore Mars for ancient hydrothermal systems would benefit from the application of methods developed by the mining industry to look for similar deposits on Earth. But Earth-based exploration models must be adapted to account for the large differences in the climatic and geological history of Mars. For example, it is likely that the early surface environment of Mars was cool, perhaps consistently below freezing, with the shallow portions of hydrothermal systems being dominated by magma-cryosphere interactions. Given the smaller gravitational field, declining atmospheric pressure, and widespread, permeable megaregolith on Mars, volatile outgassing and magmatic cooling would have been more effective than on Earth. Thus, hydrothermal systems are likely to have had much lower average surface temperatures than comparable geological settings on Earth. The likely predominance of basaltic crust on Mars suggests that hydrothermal fluids and associated deposits should be enriched in Fe, Mg, Si and Ca, with surficial deposits being dominated by lower temperature, mixed iron oxide and carbonate mineralogies.
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Affiliation(s)
- J D Farmer
- NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, CA 94035-1000, USA
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Zimbelman JR, Craddock RA, Greeley R, Kuzmin RO. Volatile history of Mangala Valles, Mars. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1992. [DOI: 10.1029/92je02054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Mouginis-Mark PJ, McCoy TJ, Taylor GJ, Keil K. Martian parent craters for the SNC meteorites. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1992. [DOI: 10.1029/92je00612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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