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Guinness EA, Arvidson RE, Dale-Bannister MA, Singer RB, Bruckenthal EA. On The spectral reflectance properties of materials exposed at the Viking landing sites. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1029/jb092ib04p0e575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Morris RV, Agresti DG, Lauer HV, Newcomb JA, Shelfer TD, Murali AV. Evidence for pigmentary hematite on Mars based on optical, magnetic, and Mossbauer studies of superparamagnetic (nanocrystalline) hematite. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1029/jb094ib03p02760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 175] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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McSween HY, McGlynn IO, Rogers AD. Determining the modal mineralogy of Martian soils. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1029/2010je003582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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McCord TB, Adams JB, Bellucci G, Combe JP, Gillespie AR, Hansen G, Hoffmann H, Jaumann R, Neukum G, Pinet P, Poulet F, Stephan K. Mars Express High Resolution Stereo Camera spectrophotometric data: Characteristics and science analysis. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007. [DOI: 10.1029/2006je002769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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McSween HY, Grove TL, Wyatt MB. Constraints on the composition and petrogenesis of the Martian crust. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2003. [DOI: 10.1029/2003je002175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Harry Y. McSween
- Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences; University of Tennessee; Knoxville Tennessee USA
| | - Timothy L. Grove
- Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences; Massachusetts Institute of Technology; Cambridge Massachusetts USA
| | - Michael B. Wyatt
- Department of Geological Sciences; Arizona State University; Tempe Arizona USA
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Edgett KS. Low-albedo surfaces and eolian sediment: Mars Orbiter Camera views of western Arabia Terra craters and wind streaks. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2002. [DOI: 10.1029/2001je001587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Malin MC, Bell JF, Calvin W, Clancy RT, Haberle RM, James PB, Lee SW, Thomas PC, Caplinger MA. Mars Color Imager (MARCI) on the Mars Climate Orbiter. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2001. [DOI: 10.1029/1999je001145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Bell JF, McSween HY, Crisp JA, Morris RV, Murchie SL, Bridges NT, Johnson JR, Britt DT, Golombek MP, Moore HJ, Ghosh A, Bishop JL, Anderson RC, Brückner J, Economou T, Greenwood JP, Gunnlaugsson HP, Hargraves RM, Hviid S, Knudsen JM, Madsen MB, Reid R, Rieder R, Soderblom L. Mineralogic and compositional properties of Martian soil and dust: Results from Mars Pathfinder. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2000. [DOI: 10.1029/1999je001060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 230] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Edgett KS, Malin MC. New views of Mars eolian activity, materials, and surface properties: Three vignettes from the Mars Global Surveyor Mars Orbiter Camera. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2000. [DOI: 10.1029/1999je001152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 125] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Guinness EA, Arvidson RE, Clark IHD, Shepard MK. Optical scattering properties of terrestrial varnished basalts compared with rocks and soils at the Viking Lander sites. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1997. [DOI: 10.1029/97je03018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Bell JF, Wolff MJ, James PB, Clancy RT, Lee SW, Martin LJ. Mars surface mineralogy from Hubble Space Telescope imaging during 1994-1995: Observations, calibration, and initial results. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1997. [DOI: 10.1029/96je03990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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James PB, Bell JF, Clancy RT, Lee SW, Martin LJ, Wolff MJ. Global imaging of Mars by Hubble space telescope during the 1995 opposition. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1996. [DOI: 10.1029/96je01605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Morris RV, Golden DC, Lauer HV, Adams JB. Pigmenting agents in Martian soils: inferences from spectral, Mossbauer, and magnetic properties of nanophase and other iron oxides in Hawaiian palagonitic soil PN-9. GEOCHIMICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA 1993; 57:4597-609. [PMID: 11539577 DOI: 10.1016/0016-7037(93)90185-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
We have examined a Hawaiian palagonitic tephra sample (PN-9) that has spectroscopic similarities to Martian bright regions using a number of analytical techniques, including Mossbauer and reflectance spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, instrumental neutron activation analysis, electron probe microanalysis, transmission electron microscopy, and dithionite-citrate-bicarbonate extraction. Chemically, PN-9 has a Hawaiitic composition with alkali (and presumably silica) loss resulting from leaching by meteoric water during palagonitization; no Ce anomaly is present in the REE pattern. Mineralogically, our results show that nanophase ferric oxide (np-Ox) particles (either nanophase hematite (np-Hm) or a mixture of ferrihydrite and np-Hm) are responsible for the distinctive ferric doublet and visible-wavelength ferric absorption edge observed in Mossbauer and reflectivity spectra, respectively, for this and other spectrally similar palagonitic samples. The np-Ox particles appear to be imbedded in a hydrated aluminosilicate matrix material; no evidence was found for phyllosilicates. Other iron-bearing phases observed are titanomagnetite, which accounts for the magnetic nature of the sample; olivine; pyroxene; and glass. By analogy, np-Ox is likely the primary pigmenting agent of the bright soils and dust of Mars.
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Affiliation(s)
- R V Morris
- Planetary Science Branch, NASA Johnson Space Center, Houston, TX 77058, USA
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Banin A, Ben-Shlomo T, Margulies L, Blake DF, Mancinelli RL, Gehring AU. The nanophase iron mineral(s) in Mars soil. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1993. [DOI: 10.1029/93je02500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Christensen PR, Anderson DL, Chase SC, Clark RN, Kieffer HH, Malin MC, Pearl JC, Carpenter J, Bandiera N, Brown FG, Silverman S. Thermal emission spectrometer experiment: Mars Observer mission. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1992. [DOI: 10.1029/92je00453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 230] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Pinet P, Chevrel S. Spectral identification of geological units on the surface of Mars related to the presence of silicates from Earth-based near-infrared telescopic charge-coupled device imaging. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1990. [DOI: 10.1029/jb095ib09p14435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Morris RV, Lauer HV. Matrix effects for reflectivity spectra of dispersed nanophase (superparamagnetic) hematite with application to Martian spectral data. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1990. [DOI: 10.1029/jb095ib04p05101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Bell JF, McCord TB, Owensby PD. Observational evidence of crystalline iron oxides on Mars. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1990. [DOI: 10.1029/jb095ib09p14447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 136] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Geissler PE, Singer RB, Lucchitta BK. Dark materials in Valles Marineris: Indications of the style of volcanism and magmatism on Mars. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1990. [DOI: 10.1029/jb095ib09p14399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Arvidson RE, Guinness EA, Dale-Bannister MA, Adams J, Smith M, Christensen PR, Singer RB. Nature and distribution of surficial deposits in Chryse Planitia and vicinity, Mars. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1989. [DOI: 10.1029/jb094ib02p01573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Christensen PR. Global albedo variations on Mars: Implications for active aeolian transport, deposition, and erosion. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1988. [DOI: 10.1029/jb093ib07p07611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Abstract
The evidence for volcanism on Mars is commonly accepted, but none has been documented in the Valles Marineris equatorial rift system. A recent survey of the troughs in this valley revealed dark patches that are interpreted to be volcanic vents. The configuration and association of these patches with tectonic structures suggest that they are of internal origin; their albedo and color ratios indicate a mafic composition; and their stratigraphic position, crispness of morphologic detail, and low albedo imply that they are young, perhaps even recent.
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Morris RV, Lauer HV, Lawson CA, Gibson EK, Nace GA, Stewart C. Spectral and other physicochemical properties of submicron powders of hematite (alpha-Fe2O3), maghemite (gamma-Fe2O3), magnetite (Fe3O4), goethite (alpha-FeOOH), and lepidocrocite (gamma-FeOOH). JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH 1985; 90:3126-44. [PMID: 11542003 DOI: 10.1029/jb090ib04p03126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Spectral and other physicochemical properties were determined for a suite of submicron powders of hematite (alpha-Fe2O3), maghemite (gamma-Fe2O3), magnetite (Fe3O4), goethite (alpha-FeOOH), and lepidocrocite (gamma-FeOOH). The spectral reflectivity measurements were made between 0.35 and 2.20 micrograms over the temperature interval between about -110 degrees and 20 degrees C. Other physicochemical properties determined were mean particle diameter, particle shape, chemical composition, crystallographic phase, magnetic properties, and Mossbauer properties. Only the magnetite powders have significant departures from the stoichiometric phase; they are actually cation-deficient magnetites having down to about 18.0 wt % FeO as compared with 31.0 wt % FeO for stoichiometric magnetite. A structured absorption edge due to crystal field transitions and extending from weak absorption in the near-IR to intense absorption in the near-UV is characteristic of the ferric oxides and oxyhydroxides and is responsible for their intense color. Particularly for hematite, the number and position of the spectral features are consistent with significant splitting of the degenerate cubic levels by noncubic components of the crystal field. The position of the crystal-field band at lowest energy, assigned to the envelope of the components of the split cubic 4T1 level, is near 0.86, 0.91, 0.92, and 0.98 microgram at room temperature for hematite, goethite, maghemite, and lepidocrocite, respectively. Comparison with Mossbauer data suggests covalent character increases sequentially through the aforementioned series. The positions of the spectra features are relatively independent of temperature down to about -110 degrees C. The maximum shifts observed were on the order of about 0.02 microgram shortward for the ferric oxyhydroxides. Variations in the magnitude of the reflectivity of the hematite powders as a function of mean particle diameter are consistent with scattering theory. The absorption strength of the crystal-field bands increases with increasing mean particle diameter over the range 0.1-0.8 micrometer; visually this corresponds to a change in color from orange to deep purple. The position of the split cubic 4T1 band shifts longward by about 0.02 micrometer with decreasing mean particle diameter over the same range; this trend is consistent with wavelength-dependent scattering. The cation-deficient magnetite powders are very strong absorbers throughout the near-UV, visible and near-IR; their spectral properties are independent of temperature between about -110 and 20 degrees C.
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Affiliation(s)
- R V Morris
- Experimental Planetology Branch, NASA Johnson Space Center, Houston, Texas, USA
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McCord TB, Clark RN, Singer RB. Mars: Near-infrared spectral reflectance of surface regions and compositional implications. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1982. [DOI: 10.1029/jb087ib04p03021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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