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Wang S, Sun W, Huang J, Zhai S, Li H. Coupled Fe-S isotope composition of sulfide chimneys dominated by temperature heterogeneity in seafloor hydrothermal systems. Sci Bull (Beijing) 2020; 65:1767-1774. [PMID: 36659250 DOI: 10.1016/j.scib.2020.06.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2020] [Revised: 06/02/2020] [Accepted: 06/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Seafloor hydrothermal chimneys are significant metal resources and have fundamental effects on marine chemistry balance. Previous studies on growth of the chimneys focused on mineral composition and elemental distribution in chimney walls, but the isotopic composition of different elements and their correlations remain poorly understood. Here, we report lateral Fe and S isotopes from sulfides across a chimney wall in detail from the Deyin-1 hydrothermal field (DHF) on the South Mid-Atlantic Ridge. Pyrite was characterized by increases in both δ34S and δ56Fe from the exterior to the interior within the chimney wall, which is likely related to enhanced S and Fe isotope fractionation between pyrite and fluids derived from the temperature gradient. Furthermore, δ56Fe displayed a well-defined, linear, positive correlation with δ34S in pyrite from the DHF as well as in pyrite from other areas. A model of hydrothermal pyrite formation suggests that, under conditions with uniform hydrothermal fluid, different temperatures and similar pyrite-fluid exchange degrees could result in the observed linear relationships between δ34S and δ56Fe. The regular and coupled Fe-S isotope variations within the chimney wall efficiently constrain the process of hydrothermal sulfide formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shujie Wang
- Center of Deep Sea Research, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; Laboratory for Marine Mineral Resources, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao), Qingdao 266237, China; Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Weidong Sun
- Center of Deep Sea Research, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; Laboratory for Marine Mineral Resources, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao), Qingdao 266237, China; Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jing Huang
- Center of Deep Sea Research, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; Laboratory for Marine Mineral Resources, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao), Qingdao 266237, China; Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China.
| | - Shikui Zhai
- Key Lab of Submarine Geosciences and Prospecting Techniques, Ministry of Education, College of Marine Geosciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China
| | - Huaiming Li
- Key Laboratory of Submarine Geosciences, Second Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Hangzhou 310012, China
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Götz F, Pjevac P, Markert S, McNichol J, Becher D, Schweder T, Mussmann M, Sievert SM. Transcriptomic and proteomic insight into the mechanism of cyclooctasulfur‐ versus thiosulfate‐oxidation by the chemolithoautotroph
Sulfurimonas denitrificans. Environ Microbiol 2018; 21:244-258. [DOI: 10.1111/1462-2920.14452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2018] [Revised: 10/16/2018] [Accepted: 10/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Florian Götz
- Biology Department Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution Woods Hole MA, 02543 USA
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Institute of Pharmacy, University of Greifswald D‐17487, Greifswald Germany
| | - Petra Pjevac
- Division of Microbial Ecology, Department of Microbiology and Ecosystem Science Research Network ‘Chemistry Meets Microbiology’, University of Vienna Althanstr‐14, 1090, Vienna Austria
| | - Stephanie Markert
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Institute of Pharmacy, University of Greifswald D‐17487, Greifswald Germany
- Institute of Marine Biotechnology Walther‐Rathenau‐Strasse 49, D‐17489, Greifswald Germany
| | - Jesse McNichol
- Biology Department Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution Woods Hole MA, 02543 USA
| | - Dörte Becher
- Institute of Microbiology University of Greifswald D‐17487, Greifswald Germany
| | - Thomas Schweder
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Institute of Pharmacy, University of Greifswald D‐17487, Greifswald Germany
- Institute of Marine Biotechnology Walther‐Rathenau‐Strasse 49, D‐17489, Greifswald Germany
| | - Marc Mussmann
- Division of Microbial Ecology, Department of Microbiology and Ecosystem Science Research Network ‘Chemistry Meets Microbiology’, University of Vienna Althanstr‐14, 1090, Vienna Austria
- Department of Molecular Ecology Max Planck Institute for Marine Microbiology Celsiusstr. 1, 28359, Bremen Germany
| | - Stefan M. Sievert
- Biology Department Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution Woods Hole MA, 02543 USA
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Abstract
Long thought to be inaccessible to empirical inquiry, Earth's early biosphere has in recent decades become a central focus of evolutionary and paleobiological research. Knowledge of Precambrian ecosystems comes from three principal sources. The conventional fossil record consists of the compressed and permineralized remains of cyanobacteria, protists and other microorganisms (e.g., Knoll, 1996), complemented by stromatolites and oncolites, the accretionary trace fossils of microbial mat communities (Walter, 1976). Independent inferences about early evolution can be drawn from molecular phylogenies (Pace, 1997). The third principal source of information comprises biogeochemical signatures encrypted in the chemistry of ancient sedimentary rocks. Biomarker molecular fossils and distinctive isotopic compositions record the metabolic activities of organisms not necessarily preserved morphologically (Summons and Walter, 1990). In this paper, we review the inferences about early life and environments that can be drawn from the isotopic records of carbon and sulfur.
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Composition and Formation of Gabbro-Peridotite Hosted Seafloor Massive Sulfide Deposits from the Ashadze-1 Hydrothermal Field, Mid-Atlantic Ridge. MINERALS 2016. [DOI: 10.3390/min6010019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Eickmann B, Thorseth IH, Peters M, Strauss H, Bröcker M, Pedersen RB. Barite in hydrothermal environments as a recorder of subseafloor processes: a multiple-isotope study from the Loki's Castle vent field. GEOBIOLOGY 2014; 12:308-321. [PMID: 24725254 DOI: 10.1111/gbi.12086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2013] [Accepted: 03/05/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Barite chimneys are known to form in hydrothermal systems where barium-enriched fluids generated by leaching of the oceanic basement are discharged and react with seawater sulfate. They also form at cold seeps along continental margins, where marine (or pelagic) barite in the sediments is remobilized because of subseafloor microbial sulfate reduction. We test the possibility of using multiple sulfur isotopes (δ34S, Δ33S, ∆36S) of barite to identify microbial sulfate reduction in a hydrothermal system. In addition to multiple sulfur isotopes, we present oxygen (δ18O) and strontium (87Sr/86Sr) isotopes for one of numerous barite chimneys in a low-temperature (~20 °C) venting area of the Loki's Castle black smoker field at the ultraslow-spreading Arctic Mid-Ocean Ridge (AMOR). The chemistry of the venting fluids in the barite field identifies a contribution of at least 10% of high-temperature black smoker fluid, which is corroborated by 87Sr/86 Sr ratios in the barite chimney that are less radiogenic than in seawater. In contrast, oxygen and multiple sulfur isotopes indicate that the fluid from which the barite precipitated contained residual sulfate that was affected by microbial sulfate reduction. A sulfate reduction zone at this site is further supported by the multiple sulfur isotopic composition of framboidal pyrite in the flow channel of the barite chimney and in the hydrothermal sediments in the barite field, as well as by low SO4 and elevated H2S concentrations in the venting fluids compared with conservative mixing values. We suggest that the mixing of ascending H2- and CH4-rich high-temperature fluids with percolating seawater fuels microbial sulfate reduction, which is subsequently recorded by barite formed at the seafloor in areas where the flow rate is sufficient. Thus, low-temperature precipitates in hydrothermal systems are promising sites to explore the interactions between the geosphere and biosphere in order to evaluate the microbial impact on these systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Eickmann
- Department of Earth Science, Centre for Geobiology, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway; Department of Geology, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg, South Africa
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Shanks WC, Böhlke JK, Seal RR. Stable Isotopes in Mid-Ocean Ridge Hydrothermal Systems: Interactions Between Fluids, Minerals, and Organisms. SEAFLOOR HYDROTHERMAL SYSTEMS: PHYSICAL, CHEMICAL, BIOLOGICAL, AND GEOLOGICAL INTERACTIONS 2013. [DOI: 10.1029/gm091p0194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Seyfried WE, Ding K. Phase Equilibria in Subseafloor Hydrothermal Systems: a Review of the Role of Redox, Temperature, Ph and Dissolved Cl on the Chemistry of Hot Spring Fluids at Mid-Ocean Ridges. SEAFLOOR HYDROTHERMAL SYSTEMS: PHYSICAL, CHEMICAL, BIOLOGICAL, AND GEOLOGICAL INTERACTIONS 2013. [DOI: 10.1029/gm091p0248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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Zierenberg RA, Shanks WC, Seyfried WE, Koski RA, Strickler MD. Mineralization, alteration, and hydrothermal metamorphism of the ophiolite-hosted Turner-Albright sulfide deposit, southwestern Oregon. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1029/jb093ib05p04657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Harper GD, Bowman JR, Kuhns R. A field, chemical, and stable isotope study of subseafloor metamorphism of the Josephine ophiolite, California-Oregon. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1029/jb093ib05p04625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Kim J. S, Sr, and Pb isotopic systematics of hydrothermal chimney precipitates from the Eastern Manus Basin, western Pacific: Evaluation of magmatic contribution to hydrothermal system. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2004. [DOI: 10.1029/2003jb002912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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McCollom TM, Shock EL. Geochemical constraints on chemolithoautotrophic metabolism by microorganisms in seafloor hydrothermal systems. GEOCHIMICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA 1997; 61:4375-4391. [PMID: 11541662 DOI: 10.1016/s0016-7037(97)00241-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 175] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Mixing of hydrothermal fluids and seawater at the ocean floor, combined with slow reaction kinetics for oxidation/reduction reactions, provides a source of metabolic energy for chemolithotrophic microorganisms which are the primary biomass producers for an extensive submarine ecosystem that is essentially independent of photosynthesis. Thermodynamic models are used to explore geochemical constraints on the amount of metabolic energy potentially available from chemosynthetic reactions involving S, C, Fe, and Mn compounds during mixing of hydrothermal fluids with seawater. For the vent fluid used in the calculations (EPR 21 degrees N OBS), the model indicates that mixing environments are favorable for oxidation of H2S, CH4, Fe2+ and Mn2+ only below approximately 38 degrees C, with methanogenesis and reduction of sulfate or S degrees favored at higher temperatures, suggesting that environments dominated by mixing provide habitats for mesophilic (but not thermophilic) aerobes and thermophilic (but not mesophilic) anaerobes. A maximum of approximately 760 cal per kilogram vent fluid is available from sulfide oxidation while between 8 and 35 cal/kg vent fluid is available from methanotrophy, methanogenesis, oxidation of Fe or Mn, or sulfate reduction. The total potential for chemosynthetic primary production at deep-sea hydrothermal vents globally is estimated to be about 10(13) g biomass per year, which represents approximately 0.02% of the global primary production by photosynthesis in the oceans. Thermophilic methanogens and sulfate- and S degree-reducers are likely to be the predominant organisms in the walls of vent chimneys and in the diffuse mixing zones beneath warm vents, where biological processes may contribute to the high methane concentrations of vent fluids and heavy 34S/32S ratios of vent sulfide minerals. The metabolic processes taking place in these systems may be analogs of the first living systems to evolve on the Earth.
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Affiliation(s)
- T M McCollom
- GEOPIG, Earth and Planetary Sciences, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri 63130, USA
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Turner G, Stuart F. Helium/heat ratios and deposition temperatures of sulphides from the ocean floor. Nature 1992. [DOI: 10.1038/357581a0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Bowers TS. Stable isotope signatures of water-rock interaction in mid-ocean ridge hydrothermal systems: Sulfur, oxygen, and hydrogen. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1989. [DOI: 10.1029/jb094ib05p05775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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