1
|
Electrical Properties and Anisotropy of Schists and Fault Rocks from New Zealand’s Southern Alps under Confining Pressure. GEOSCIENCES 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/geosciences12030121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Magnetotelluric models spanning the Pacific–Australian Plate boundary in New Zealand’s South Island indicate a localized zone of low electrical resistivity that is spatially coincident with the ductile mid-crustal part of the Alpine Fault Zone (AFZ). We explored the source of this anomaly by measuring the electrical properties of samples collected from surface outcrops approaching the AFZ that have accommodated a gradient of systematic strain and deformation conditions. We investigated the effects of tectonite fabric, fluid saturated pore/fracture networks and surface conductivity on the bulk electrical response and the anisotropy of resistivity measured under increasing confining pressures up to 200 MPa. We find that porosity and resistivity increase while porosity and the change in anisotropy of resistivity with confining pressure (δ (ρ‖/ρ⊥)/δ (peff)) decreases approaching the AFZ, indicating the electrical response is controlled by pore fluid conductivity and modified during progressive metamorphism. Conversely, Alpine mylonites exhibit relatively low resistivities at low porosities, and lower δ (ρ‖/ρ⊥)/δ (peff) than the schists. These findings indicate a transition in both the porosity distribution and electrical charge transport processes in rocks that have experienced progressive grain size reduction and mixing of phases during development of mylonitic fabrics due to creep shear strain within the AFZ.
Collapse
|
2
|
Klinge S, Hackl K, Renner J. A mechanical model for dissolution–precipitation creep based on the minimum principle of the dissipation potential. Proc Math Phys Eng Sci 2015. [DOI: 10.1098/rspa.2014.0994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
In contrast to previous approaches that consider dissolution–precipitation creep as a multi-stage process and only simulate its governing subprocess, the present model treats this phenomenon as a single continuous process. The applied strategy uses the minimum principle of the dissipation potential according to which a Lagrangian consisting of elastic power and dissipation is minimized. Here, the elastic part has a standard form while the assumption for dissipation stipulates the driving forces to be proportional to two kinds of velocities: the material-transport velocity and the boundary-motion velocity. A Lagrange term is included to impose mass conservation. Two ways of solution are proposed. The strong form of the problem is solved analytically for a simple case. The weak form of the problem is used for a finite-element implementation and for simulating more complex cases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S. Klinge
- Institute of Mechanics, TU Dortmund University, Dortmund 44227, Germany
| | - K. Hackl
- Institute of Mechanics, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum 44780, Germany
| | - J. Renner
- Institute for Geology, Mineralogy and Geophysics, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum 44780, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
|
4
|
Visser HJM, Spiers CJ, Hangx SJT. Effects of interfacial energy on compaction creep by intergranular pressure solution: Theory versus experiments on a rock analog (NaNO3). ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1029/2012jb009590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
|
5
|
Beeler NM, Hickman SH. Stress-induced, time-dependent fracture closure at hydrothermal conditions. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2004. [DOI: 10.1029/2002jb001782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- N. M. Beeler
- U.S. Geological Survey; Menlo Park California USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
6
|
Zhang S, Paterson MS, Cox SF. Porosity and permeability evolution during hot isostatic pressing of calcite aggregates. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1994. [DOI: 10.1029/94jb00646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
|
7
|
|
8
|
Hickman SH, Evans B. Chapter 10 Growth of Grain Contacts in Halite by Solution-transfer: Implications for Diagenesis, Lithification, and Strength Recovery. INTERNATIONAL GEOPHYSICS 1992. [DOI: 10.1016/s0074-6142(08)62825-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
|
9
|
Grain-Boundary Diffusion Kinetics in Silicate and Oxide Minerals. ADVANCES IN PHYSICAL GEOCHEMISTRY 1991. [DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4613-9019-0_11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
|
10
|
Lee VW, Mackwell SJ, Brantley SL. The effect of fluid chemistry on wetting textures in novaculite. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1991. [DOI: 10.1029/91jb00604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
|
11
|
Cooper R, Kohlstedt D, Chyung K. Solution-precipitation enhanced creep in solid-liquid aggregates which display a non-zero dihedral angle. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1989. [DOI: 10.1016/0001-6160(89)90061-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
|