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Metabolomic Study of Dactylis glomerata Growing on Aeolian Archipelago (Italy). Metabolites 2022; 12:metabo12060533. [PMID: 35736466 PMCID: PMC9229457 DOI: 10.3390/metabo12060533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Revised: 06/06/2022] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The Aeolian Islands (Italy) are a volcanic archipelago in the Tyrrhenian Sea comprising seven main islands, among which are two active volcanoes. The peculiar geological features and the wide variety of environments and soils have an important impact on native plants, and in particular, the Aeolian populations of Dactylis glomerata (a perennial cool-season bunchgrass) exhibit remarkable phenotypic variability. Considering that environmental drivers also strongly affect the production of plant metabolites, this work aimed at comparing the metabolomic profiles of D. glomerata (leaves) harvested at different altitudes on four islands of the Aeolian archipelago, namely: Lipari, Vulcano, Stromboli and Panarea. Samples were analyzed by 1H NMR profiling, and data were treated by PCA. Samples collected on Stromboli were very different from each other and from the samples collected in the other islands. Through an Orthogonal Partial Least Squares (OPLS) model, using altitude as the y variable, it emerged that the concentration of proline, glycine betaine, sucrose, glucose and chlorogenic acid of D. glomerata growing on Stromboli decreased at increasing altitude. Conversely, increasing altitude was associated with an increment in valine, asparagine, fumaric acid and phenylalanine.
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Rufino F, Cuoco E, Busico G, Caliro S, Maletic EL, Avino R, Darrah TH, Tedesco D. Deep carbon degassing in the Matese massif chain (Southern Italy) inferred by geochemical and isotopic data. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:46614-46626. [PMID: 33040287 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-11107-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2020] [Accepted: 10/04/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The Italian Apennines are among the most important sources of freshwater for several Italian regions. With evidences of deep CO2-rich fluids intruding into aquifers in the nearby central-southern Apennines, a thorough investigation into the geochemistry of groundwater became critical to ensure the water quality in the area. Here, we show the main hydrogeochemical processes occurring in the Matese Massif (MM) aquifer through the investigation of 98 water samples collected from springs and water wells. All waters were classified as HCO3 type with Ca dominance (from 50% up to 97%) and variable amount of Mg (from 1% up to 49%). A multivariate statistical approach through the application of the factor analysis (FA) highlighted three main hydrogeochemical processes: (i) water-carbonate rock interactions mostly enhanced in peripheral areas of the MM by CO2 deep degassing; (ii) addition of NaCl-rich components linked to recharging process and to water mixing processes of the groundwater with a thermal component relatively rich in Cl, Na, and CO2; (iii) anthropogenic activities influencing groundwater composition at the foothills of MM. Furthermore, the first detailed TDIC, pCO2, and δ13C-TDIC distribution maps of the MM area have been created, which track chemical and isotopic anomalies in several peripheral areas (Pratella, Ailano, and Telese) throughout the region. These maps systematically highlight that the greater the amount of dissolved carbon occurs the heavier the C isotope enrichment, especially in the peripheral areas. Conversely, spring waters emerging at higher altitudes within MM are only slightly mineralized and associated with δ13C-TDIC values mainly characterized by recharging processes with the addition of biogenic carbon during the infiltration process through the soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Rufino
- Department of Environmental, Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Via Vivaldi 43, 81100, Caserta, Italy.
| | - Emilio Cuoco
- Department of Environmental, Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Via Vivaldi 43, 81100, Caserta, Italy
- Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, sezione di Napoli - Osservatorio Vesuviano, Via Diocleziano 328, 80124, Naples, Italy
| | - Gianluigi Busico
- Department of Geology, Laboratory of Engineering Geology & Hydrogeology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Stefano Caliro
- Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, sezione di Napoli - Osservatorio Vesuviano, Via Diocleziano 328, 80124, Naples, Italy
| | - Erica L Maletic
- School of Earth Sciences, The Ohio State University, 125 South Oval Mall, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Rosario Avino
- Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, sezione di Napoli - Osservatorio Vesuviano, Via Diocleziano 328, 80124, Naples, Italy
| | - Thomas H Darrah
- School of Earth Sciences, The Ohio State University, 125 South Oval Mall, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
- Global Water Institute, 190 North Oval Mall, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Dario Tedesco
- Department of Environmental, Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Via Vivaldi 43, 81100, Caserta, Italy
- Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, sezione di Napoli - Osservatorio Vesuviano, Via Diocleziano 328, 80124, Naples, Italy
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The Estimation of Lava Flow Temperatures Using Landsat Night-Time Images: Case Studies from Eruptions of Mt. Etna and Stromboli (Sicily, Italy), Kīlauea (Hawaii Island), and Eyjafjallajökull and Holuhraun (Iceland). REMOTE SENSING 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/rs12162537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Using satellite-based remote sensing to investigate volcanic eruptions is a common approach for preliminary research, chiefly because a great amount of freely available data can be effectively accessed. Here, Landsat 4-5TM, 7ETM+, and 8OLI night-time satellite images are used to estimate lava flow temperatures and radiation heat fluxes from selected volcanic eruptions worldwide. After retrieving the spectral radiance, the pixel values were transformed into temperatures using the calculated calibration constants. Results showed that the TIR and SWIR bands were saturated and unable to detect temperatures over the active lava flows. However, temperatures were effectively detected over the active lava flows in the range ~500–1060 °C applying the NIR-, red-, green- or blue-band. Application of the panchromatic band with 15 m resolution also revealed details of lava flow morphology. The calculated radiant heat flux for the lava flows accords with increasing cooling either with slope or with distance from the vent.
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Petrogenesis of Italian Alkaline Lavas Deduced from Pb-Sr-Nd Isotope Relationships. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013. [DOI: 10.1029/gm095p0253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/10/2023]
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O'Brien HE, Irving AJ, McCallum IS. Eocene potassic magmatism in the Highwood Mountains, Montana: Petrology, geochemistry, and tectonic implications. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1029/91jb00599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Vroon PZ, van Bergen MJ, White WM, Varekamp JC. Sr-Nd-Pb isotope systematics of the Banda Arc, Indonesia: Combined subduction and assimilation of continental material. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1029/93jb01716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Revil A, Finizola A, Piscitelli S, Rizzo E, Ricci T, Crespy A, Angeletti B, Balasco M, Barde Cabusson S, Bennati L, Bolève A, Byrdina S, Carzaniga N, Di Gangi F, Morin J, Perrone A, Rossi M, Roulleau E, Suski B. Inner structure of La Fossa di Vulcano (Vulcano Island, southern Tyrrhenian Sea, Italy) revealed by high-resolution electric resistivity tomography coupled with self-potential, temperature, and CO2diffuse degassing measurements. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008. [DOI: 10.1029/2007jb005394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Duggen S, Hoernle K, van den Bogaard P, Rüpke L, Morgan JP. Deep roots of the Messinian salinity crisis. Nature 2003; 422:602-6. [PMID: 12686997 DOI: 10.1038/nature01553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 415] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2002] [Accepted: 02/27/2003] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The Messinian salinity crisis--the desiccation of the Mediterranean Sea between 5.96 and 5.33 million years (Myr) ago--was one of the most dramatic events on Earth during the Cenozoic era. It resulted from the closure of marine gateways between the Atlantic Ocean and the Mediterranean Sea, the causes of which remain enigmatic. Here we use the age and composition of volcanic rocks to reconstruct the geodynamic evolution of the westernmost Mediterranean from the Middle Miocene epoch to the Pleistocene epoch (about 12.1-0.65 Myr ago). Our data show that a marked shift in the geochemistry of mantle-derived volcanic rocks, reflecting a change from subduction-related to intraplate-type volcanism, occurred between 6.3 and 4.8 Myr ago, largely synchronous with the Messinian salinity crisis. Using a thermomechanical model, we show that westward roll back of subducted Tethys oceanic lithosphere and associated asthenospheric upwelling provides a plausible mechanism for producing the shift in magma chemistry and the necessary uplift (approximately 1 km) along the African and Iberian continental margins to close the Miocene marine gateways, thereby causing the Messinian salinity crisis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Svend Duggen
- GEOMAR Research Center for Marine Geosciences, Wischhofstrasse 1-3, 24148 Kiel, Germany.
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Gasperini D, Blichert-Toft J, Bosch D, Del Moro A, Macera P, Albarède F. Upwelling of deep mantle material through a plate window: Evidence from the geochemistry of Italian basaltic volcanics. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2002. [DOI: 10.1029/2001jb000418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- D. Gasperini
- Ecole Normale Supérieure; Lyon France
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra; Universita' degli Studi di Pisa; Pisa Italy
| | | | - D. Bosch
- Laboratoire Tectonophysique, UMR-CNRS 5568; Université Montpellier 2; Montpellier France
| | - A. Del Moro
- Istituto di Geoscienze e Georisorse; CNR; Pisa Italy
| | - P. Macera
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra; Universita' degli Studi di Pisa; Pisa Italy
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Sun CH, Stern RJ. Genesis of Mariana shoshonites: Contribution of the subduction component. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2001. [DOI: 10.1029/2000jb900342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Tedesco D, Scarsi P. Intensive gas sampling of noble gases and carbon at Vulcano Island (southern Italy). ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1999. [DOI: 10.1029/1998jb900066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Hawkesworth CJ, Turner SP, McDermott F, Peate DW. U-Th Isotopes in Arc Magmas: Implications for Element Transfer from the Subducted Crust. Science 1997; 276:551-5. [PMID: 9110968 DOI: 10.1126/science.276.5312.551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Uranium-thorium isotope results from island arc volcanic rocks were used to investigate the rates of transfer of fluids and sediments from the downgoing slab. Uranium, but not thorium, is readily mobilized in the fluid. A negative array between thorium/cerium and neodymium-143/neodymium-144 indicates that significant amounts of the thorium in arc rocks are derived from subducted sediments, although perhaps only about 30 percent of the thorium in subducted sediments is returned to the crust in this way. The transfer times for fluid through the mantle wedge are about 30,000 to 120,000 years, whereas those for sediment melts may be several million years. The low average uranium/thorium ratios of bulk crust primarily reflect different crustal generation processes in the Archaean.
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Affiliation(s)
- CJ Hawkesworth
- C. J. Hawkesworth, S. P. Turner, D. W. Peate, and P. van Calsteren are with the Department of Earth Sciences, The Open University, Milton Keynes, MK7 6AA, UK. F. McDermott is with the Department of Geology, University College, Dublin, Eire
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De Astis G, La Volpe L, Peccerillo A, Civetta L. Volcanological and petrological evolution of Vulcano island (Aeolian Arc, southern Tyrrhenian Sea). ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1997. [DOI: 10.1029/96jb03735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 128] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Hoernle K, Zhang YS, Graham D. Seismic and geochemical evidence for large-scale mantle upwelling beneath the eastern Atlantic and western and central Europe. Nature 1995. [DOI: 10.1038/374034a0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 303] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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