1
|
Zhang T, Zhai K, Zhang Y, Geng L, Geng Z, Zhou M, Lu Y, Shao X, Lily M. Effect of water and ammonia on the HO + NH3 → NH2 + H2O reaction in troposphere: Competition between single and double hydrogen atom transfer pathways. COMPUT THEOR CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.comptc.2020.112747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
|
2
|
Sharafdini R, Ramazani S. Dynamic and Kinetic Parameters and Energy Exchanges of Particles in Reaction of
NH + OH
and Deuterated Analogues on an Interpolated Potential Energy Surface. ChemistrySelect 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201903596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
|
3
|
Sharafdini R, Ramazani S. Molecular potential energy surface constructed from ab initio interpolation for HCN − + H reaction and deuterated analogues. Mol Phys 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/00268976.2017.1290841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
|
4
|
Lenhard U, Gravenhorst G. Evaluation of ammonia fluxes into the free atmosphere over Western Germany. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.3402/tellusa.v32i1.10480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ulrich Lenhard
- Institut fur Meteorologie und Geophysik, Universitat Frankfurt, Feldbergstr. 47, D-6000 Frankfurt, FRG
| | - Gode Gravenhorst
- Institut fur Atmospharische Chemie, Kernforschungsanlage D-5170 Julich, FRG
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Galbally IE. Emission of oxides of nitrogen (NO x) and ammonia from the earth's surface. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.3402/tellusa.v27i1.9886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- I. E. Galbally
- Division of Atwaospherk Physics, Station Street, Aspendale, Victoria 3195, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Freyer HD. Seasonal trends of NH+4 and NO-3 nitrogen isotope composition in rain collected at Jülich, Germany. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.3402/tellusa.v30i1.10319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- H. D. Freyer
- Institute of Chemistry 2, Nuclear Research Center, 5170 Jülich, Federal Republic of Germany
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
|
8
|
Espinosa-Garcia J, Corchado J, Bonnet L. Quasi-classical trajectory study of the water vibrational distribution for the polyatomic OH/OD+NH3 reactions: Comparison with experiment. Chem Phys Lett 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2014.12.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
|
9
|
Monge-Palacios M, Rangel C, Espinosa-Garcia J. Ab initio based potential energy surface and kinetics study of the OH + NH3 hydrogen abstraction reaction. J Chem Phys 2013; 138:084305. [PMID: 23464149 DOI: 10.1063/1.4792719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
A full-dimensional analytical potential energy surface (PES) for the OH + NH3 → H2O + NH2 gas-phase reaction was developed based exclusively on high-level ab initio calculations. This reaction presents a very complicated shape with wells along the reaction path. Using a wide spectrum of properties of the reactive system (equilibrium geometries, vibrational frequencies, and relative energies of the stationary points, topology of the reaction path, and points on the reaction swath) as reference, the resulting analytical PES reproduces reasonably well the input ab initio information obtained at the coupled-cluster single double triple (CCSD(T)) = FULL/aug-cc-pVTZ//CCSD(T) = FC/cc-pVTZ single point level, which represents a severe test of the new surface. As a first application, on this analytical PES we perform an extensive kinetics study using variational transition-state theory with semiclassical transmission coefficients over a wide temperature range, 200-2000 K. The forward rate constants reproduce the experimental measurements, while the reverse ones are slightly underestimated. However, the detailed analysis of the experimental equilibrium constants (from which the reverse rate constants are obtained) permits us to conclude that the experimental reverse rate constants must be re-evaluated. Another severe test of the new surface is the analysis of the kinetic isotope effects (KIEs), which were not included in the fitting procedure. The KIEs reproduce the values obtained from ab initio calculations in the common temperature range, although unfortunately no experimental information is available for comparison.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Monge-Palacios
- Departamento de Química Física, Universidad de Extremadura, 06071 Badajoz, Spain
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
Monge-Palacios M, Espinosa-Garcia J. Bond and mode selectivity in the OH + NH2D reaction: a quasi-classical trajectory calculation. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2013; 15:19180-90. [DOI: 10.1039/c3cp52809j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
|
11
|
Graedel TE. The oxidation of ammonia, hydrogen sulfide, and methane in nonurban tropospheres. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1029/jc082i037p05917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
|
12
|
Lin HX, Chen GH, Liu HL, Li D, Huang XC, Liu WG, Jiao YQ. Theoretical Study on the Reaction Mechanism of NH 2– with O 2 (a 1Δ g). J Phys Chem A 2011; 115:13581-8. [DOI: 10.1021/jp206518j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hai-xia Lin
- Department of Chemistry, Shantou University, Guangdong 515063, People’s Republic of China
| | - Guang-hui Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Shantou University, Guangdong 515063, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hui-ling Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry Jilin University, Changchun 130023, People’s Republic of China
| | - Dan Li
- Department of Chemistry, Shantou University, Guangdong 515063, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiao-chun Huang
- Department of Chemistry, Shantou University, Guangdong 515063, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wen-guang Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Shantou University, Guangdong 515063, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yu-qiu Jiao
- College of Science, China University of Petroleum, Changping, Beijing 102249, People’s Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Sawyer BC, Stuhl BK, Yeo M, Tscherbul TV, Hummon MT, Xia Y, Kłos J, Patterson D, Doyle JM, Ye J. Cold heteromolecular dipolar collisions. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2011; 13:19059-66. [DOI: 10.1039/c1cp21203f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
|
14
|
Möller D, Graf M. Reaktionsbeziehungen gasförmiger chemischer Schadstoffe in der Atmosphäre. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/zfch.19750151202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
|
15
|
Zetzsch C, Hansen I. Rate Constant for the Reaction of NH (X3Σ−) with O2 Determined by Pulsed Vacuum UV Photolysis of NH3 and Resonance Fluorescence Detection of NH. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/bbpc.19780820815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
|
16
|
Mousavipour SH, Pirhadi F, HabibAgahi A. A Theoretical Investigation on the Kinetics and Mechanism of the Reaction of Amidogen with Hydroxyl Radical. J Phys Chem A 2009; 113:12961-71. [DOI: 10.1021/jp905197h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S. Hosein Mousavipour
- Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Shiraz University, Shiraz, 71454, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Pirhadi
- Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Shiraz University, Shiraz, 71454, Iran
| | - Arezoo HabibAgahi
- Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Shiraz University, Shiraz, 71454, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
|
18
|
Laranjeira JMG, de Azevedo WM, Ugulino de Araújo MC. A Conductimetric System Based on Polyaniline for Determination of Ammonia in Fertilizers. ANAL LETT 2006. [DOI: 10.1080/00032719708001732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
|
19
|
Yamasaki K, Watanabe A, Tanaka A, Sato M, Tokue I. Kinetics of the Reaction NH2(X̃2B1, v2 = 0 and 1) + NO. J Phys Chem A 2002. [DOI: 10.1021/jp013306g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Katsuyoshi Yamasaki
- Department of Chemistry, Niigata University, Ikarashi, Niigata 950-2181 Japan
| | - Akihiro Watanabe
- Department of Chemistry, Niigata University, Ikarashi, Niigata 950-2181 Japan
| | - Aki Tanaka
- Department of Chemistry, Niigata University, Ikarashi, Niigata 950-2181 Japan
| | - Manabu Sato
- Department of Chemistry, Niigata University, Ikarashi, Niigata 950-2181 Japan
| | - Ikuo Tokue
- Department of Chemistry, Niigata University, Ikarashi, Niigata 950-2181 Japan
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Wolf M, Yang DL, Durant JL. A Comprehensive Study of the Reaction NH2 + NO → Products: Reaction Rate Coefficients, Product Branching Fractions, and ab Initio Calculations. J Phys Chem A 1997. [DOI: 10.1021/jp9713165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M. Wolf
- Combustion Research Facility, Sandia National Laboratories, Livermore, California 94551
| | - D. L. Yang
- Combustion Research Facility, Sandia National Laboratories, Livermore, California 94551
| | - J. L. Durant
- Combustion Research Facility, Sandia National Laboratories, Livermore, California 94551
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
The nitrogen cycle: perturbations due to man and their impact on atmospheric N
2
O and O
3. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1997. [DOI: 10.1098/rstb.1977.0009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Features of the global cycle of fixed nitrogen are reviewed with an emphasis on perturbations due to man. It is argued that agricultural practices and combustion may lead to an increase in the concentration of atmospheric N
2
O with consequent effects on 0
3
. The level of 0
3
may drop by about 20 % over the next 100 years if world population and the demand for food should continue to grow at anything like rates which prevailed in the recent past. Uncertainties in the model are highlighted and note is taken of areas where there is need for additional data.
Collapse
|
22
|
Sumathi R, Engels B, Peyerimhoff SD. A quantum chemical investigation of possible intermediates in the reaction of the amidogen and hydroperoxyl radicals. J Chem Phys 1996. [DOI: 10.1063/1.472666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
|
23
|
|
24
|
Photoreduction of nitrogen and water on montmorillonite clays loaded with hydrous ferric oxide. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 1991. [DOI: 10.1016/1010-6030(91)87007-i] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
|
25
|
Tyndall GS, Orlando JJ, Nickerson KE, Cantrell CA, Calvert JG. An upper limit for the rate coefficient of the reaction of NH2radicals with O2using FTIR product analysis. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1991. [DOI: 10.1029/91jd02044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
|
26
|
Schendel JS, Stickel RE, Vandijk CA, Sandholm ST, Davis DD, Bradshaw JD. Atmospheric ammonia measurement using a VUV/photo-fragmentation laser-induced fluorescence technique. APPLIED OPTICS 1990; 29:4924-4937. [PMID: 20577487 DOI: 10.1364/ao.29.004924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Vacuum ultraviolet/photofragmentation laser-induced fluorescence has been demonstrated to be a highly specific and sensitive method for the quantitative measurement of atmospheric ammonia (NH(3)). The fluorescence detected in this approach results from the two 193-nm photon photofragmentation step NH(3)?NH(2)? NH(b(1)Sigma(+)) followed by the excitation of the NH(b(1)Sigma(+)) NH(c(1)Pi) transition via a 450-nm photon with final emission being observed from the NH(c(1) Pi) NH(a(1)Delta) transition at 325 nm. Limits of detection for the instrumentpresented here are < 10 pptv and < 4 pptv for 1- and 5-min integration periods, respectively, in ambient sampling conditions. The technique is free from interferences and system performance does not significantly degrade in adverse sampling conditions (i.e., rain, fog, clouds, haze, etc.). Spectroscopic selectivity in the NH(b(1)Sigma(+))?NH(c(1)Pi) transition is sufficient to resolve (15)NH(3) and (14)NH(3) contributions for use in atmospheric tracer studies. Average ammonia measurements at Stone Mountain, GA, ranged from approximately 110 pptv for air temperatures <5 degrees C to approximately 240 pptv for air temperatures >/=<5 degrees C over the period from Dec. 1987 to the end of Apr. 1988.
Collapse
|
27
|
Murcray FJ, Matthews A, Goldman A, Johnston P, Rinsland C. NH3column abundances over Lauder, New Zealand. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1989. [DOI: 10.1029/jd094id02p02235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
|
28
|
Arrhenius G. The first 800 million years: environmental models for early Earth. EARTH, MOON, AND PLANETS 1987; 37:187-199. [PMID: 11542116 DOI: 10.1007/bf00130894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Space exploration has changed our views not only on the properties of celestial bodies and the interplanetary medium but also our perspective on the formation of such bodies, including the Earth. However, on few points do the new hetegonic insights approach certainty. More appropriately, they can be said to raise physically meaningful questions and to decrease the degrees of freedom allowable in any given scenario, which necessarily extends into the early history of the planetary crust, ocean and atmosphere. An attempt is made here to outline the basic schemes envisaged in modern studies of the origin of the Earth and the ramification of consequences for its early evolution that currently appear allowable and supported by observation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- G Arrhenius
- Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, USA
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Xiang T, Guillory WA. Infrared laser dissociation of CH3NH2 in a molecular beam: Initial translational and internal energy distributions, and relaxation of NH2. J Chem Phys 1986. [DOI: 10.1063/1.451146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
|
30
|
|
31
|
Luecken D, Hales J. The effect of precipitation on the vertical profiles of atmospheric ammonia: A modeling investigation. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1986. [DOI: 10.1016/0004-6981(86)90068-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
|
32
|
|
33
|
|
34
|
Oelhaf H, Leupolt A, Fischer H. Discrepancies between balloon-borne IR atmospheric spectra and corresponding synthetic spectra calculated line by line around 825 cm-1. APPLIED OPTICS 1983; 22:647-649. [PMID: 18195845 DOI: 10.1364/ao.22.000647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
|
35
|
|
36
|
Levine JS, Allario F. The global troposphere: Biogeochemical cycles, chemistry, and remote sensing. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 1982; 1:263-306. [PMID: 24264018 DOI: 10.1007/bf00676926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/1981] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
The chemical composition of the troposphere is controlled by various biogeochemical cycles that couple the atmosphere with the oceans, the solid Earth and the biosphere, and by atmospheric photochemical/chemical reactions. These cycles and reactions are discussed and a number of key questions concerning tropospheric composition and chemistry for the carbon, nitrogen, oxygen and sulfur species are identified. Next, we review various remote sensing techniques and instruments capable of measuring and monitoring tropospheric species from the ground, aircraft and space to address some of these key questions. We also consider future thrusts in remote sensing of the troposphere.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J S Levine
- NASA Langley Research Center, 23665, Hampton, Virginia, U.S.A
| | | |
Collapse
|
37
|
|
38
|
|
39
|
Logan JA, Prather MJ, Wofsy SC, McElroy MB. Tropospheric chemistry: A global perspective. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1981. [DOI: 10.1029/jc086ic08p07210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1576] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
|
40
|
|
41
|
A. Silver J, E. Kolb C. Rate constant for the reaction NH3 + OH → NH2 + H2O over a wide temperature range. Chem Phys Lett 1980. [DOI: 10.1016/0009-2614(80)80492-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
|
42
|
Kurasawa H, Lesclaux R. Rate constant for the reaction of nh2 with ozone in relation to atmospheric processes. Chem Phys Lett 1980. [DOI: 10.1016/0009-2614(80)80325-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
|
43
|
LENHARD ULRICH, GRAVENHORST GODE. Evaluation of ammonia fluxes into the free atmosphere over Western Germany. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1980. [DOI: 10.1111/j.2153-3490.1980.tb01721.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
44
|
|
45
|
|
46
|
Freyer HD. Seasonal trends of NH+4and NO−3nitrogen isotope composition in rain collected at Jülich, Germany. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1978. [DOI: 10.1111/j.2153-3490.1978.tb00820.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
47
|
Moore H. The isotopic composition of ammonia, nitrogen dioxide and nitrate in the atmosphere. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1977. [DOI: 10.1016/0004-6981(77)90102-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 143] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
|
48
|
Wang WC, Yung YL, Lacis AA, Mo T, Hansen JE. Greenhouse Effects due to Man-Mad Perturbations of Trace Gases. Science 1976; 194:685-90. [PMID: 17832523 DOI: 10.1126/science.194.4266.685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 395] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Nitrous oxide, methane, ammonia, and a number of other trace constituents in the earth's atmosphere have infrared absorption bands in the spectral region 7 to 14 microm and contribute to the atmospheric greenhouse effect. The concentrations of these trace gases may undergo substantial changes because of man's activities. Extensive use of chemical fertilizers and combustion of fossil fuels may perturb the nitrogen cycle, leading to increases in atmospheric N(2)O, and the same perturbing processes may increase the amounts of atmospheric CH(4) and NH(3). We use a one-dimensional radiative-convective model for the atmospheric thermal structure to compute the change in the surface temperature of the earth for large assumed increases in the trace gas concentrations; doubling the N(2)O, CH(4), and NH(3) concentrations is found to cause additive increases in the surface temperature of 0.7 degrees , 0.3 degrees , and 0.1 degrees K, respectively. These systematic effects on the earth's radiation budget would have substantial climatic significance. It is therefore important that the abundances of these trace gases be accurately monitored to determine the actual trends of their concentrations.
Collapse
|
49
|
Hills GW, Cook JM, Curl RF, Tittel FK. Microwave optical double resonance spectrum of NH2. I. Ground state,14N hyperfine coupling constants, and spin rotation constants. J Chem Phys 1976. [DOI: 10.1063/1.433101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
|
50
|
Lesclaux R, Khê PV, Dezauzier P, Soulignac J. Flash photolysis studies of the reaction of NH2 radicals with NO. Chem Phys Lett 1975. [DOI: 10.1016/0009-2614(75)85650-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|