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Wang N, Qian L, Yue J, Wang W, Mlynczak MG, Russell JM. Climatology of Mesosphere and Lower Thermosphere Residual Circulations and Mesopause Height Derived From SABER Observations. JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH. ATMOSPHERES : JGR 2022; 127:e2021JD035666. [PMID: 35865335 PMCID: PMC9285975 DOI: 10.1029/2021jd035666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Revised: 12/26/2021] [Accepted: 01/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
In the mesosphere and lower thermosphere (MLT) region, residual circulations driven by gravity wave breaking and dissipation significantly impact constituent distribution and the height and temperature of the mesopause. The distribution of CO2 can be used as a proxy for the residual circulations. Sounding of the Atmosphere using Broadband Emission Radiometry (SABER) CO2 volume mixing ratio (VMR) and temperature measurements from 2003 to 2020 are used to study the monthly climatology of MLT residual circulations and the mesopause height. Our analyses show that (a) mesopause height strongly correlates with the CO2 VMR vertical gradient during solstices; (b) mesopause height has a discontinuity at midlatitude in the summer hemisphere, with a lower mesopause height at mid-to-high latitudes as a result of adiabatic cooling driven by strong adiabatic upwelling; (c) the residual circulations have strong seasonal variations at mid-to-high latitudes, but they are more uniform at low latitudes; and (d) the interannual variability of the residual circulations and mesopause height is larger in the Southern Hemisphere (SH; 4-5 km) than in the Northern Hemisphere (NH; 0.5-1 km).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ningchao Wang
- Center for Atmospheric SciencesHampton UniversityHamptonVAUSA
| | - Liying Qian
- High Altitude ObservatoryNational Center for Atmospheric ResearchBoulderCOUSA
| | - Jia Yue
- Catholic University of AmericaWashingtonDCUSA
- NASA Goddard Space Flight CenterGreenbeltMDUSA
| | - Wenbin Wang
- High Altitude ObservatoryNational Center for Atmospheric ResearchBoulderCOUSA
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Swenson GR, Vargas F, Jones M, Zhu Y, Kaufmann M, Yee JH, Mlynczak M. Intra-Annual Variation of Eddy Diffusion (k zz ) in the MLT, From SABER and SCIAMACHY Atomic Oxygen Climatologies. JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH. ATMOSPHERES : JGR 2021; 126:e2021JD035343. [PMID: 35865753 PMCID: PMC9286812 DOI: 10.1029/2021jd035343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Revised: 10/17/2021] [Accepted: 11/12/2021] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Atomic oxygen (O) in the mesosphere and lower thermosphere (MLT) results from a balance between production via photo-dissociation in the lower thermosphere and chemical loss by recombination in the upper mesosphere. The transport of O downward from the lower thermosphere into the mesosphere is preferentially driven by the eddy diffusion process that results from dissipating gravity waves and instabilities. The motivation here is to probe the intra-annual variability of the eddy diffusion coefficient (k zz ) and eddy velocity in the MLT based on the climatology of the region, initially accomplished by Garcia and Solomon (1985, https://doi.org/10.1029/JD090iD02p03850). In the current study, the intra-annual cycle was divided into 26 two-week periods for each of three zones: the northern hemisphere (NH), southern hemisphere (SH), and equatorial (EQ). Both 16 years of SABER (2002-2018) and 10 years of SCIAMACHY (2002-2012) O density measurements, along with NRLMSIS® 2.0 were used for calculation of atomic oxygen eddy diffusion velocities and fluxes. Our prominent findings include a dominant annual oscillation below 87 km in the NH and SH zones, with a factor of 3-4 variation between winter and summer at 83 km, and a dominant semiannual oscillation at all altitudes in the EQ zone. The measured global average k zz at 96 km lacks the intra-annual variability of upper atmosphere density data deduced by Qian et al. (2009, https://doi.org/10.1029/2008JA013643). The very large seasonal (and hemispherical) variations in k zz and O densities are important to separate and isolate in satellite analysis and to incorporate in MLT models.
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Affiliation(s)
- G. R. Swenson
- Department of Electrical and Computer EngineeringUniversity of IllinoisUrbanaILUSA
| | - F. Vargas
- Department of Electrical and Computer EngineeringUniversity of IllinoisUrbanaILUSA
| | - M. Jones
- Space Science DivisionU.S. Naval Research LaboratoryWashingtonDCUSA
| | - Y. Zhu
- National Space Science CenterChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - M. Kaufmann
- Institute of Energy and Climate Research (IEK‐7)Forschungzentrum Juelich GmbHJuelichGermany
- Department of PhysicsUniversity of WuppertalWuppertalGermany
| | - J. H. Yee
- Applied Physics LaboratoryThe Johns Hopkins UniversityBaltimoreMDUSA
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Gravity Wave Breaking Associated with Mesospheric Inversion Layers as Measured by the Ship-Borne BEM Monge Lidar and ICON-MIGHTI. ATMOSPHERE 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/atmos12111386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
During a recent 2020 campaign, the Rayleigh lidar aboard the Bâtiment d’Essais et de Mesures (BEM) Monge conducted high-resolution temperature measurements of the upper Mesosphere and Lower Thermosphere (MLT). These measurements were used to conduct the first validation of ICON-MIGHTI temperatures by Rayleigh lidar. A double Mesospheric Inversion Layer (MIL) as well as shorter-period gravity waves was observed. Zonal and meridional wind speeds were obtained from locally launched radiosondes and the newly launched ICON satellite as well as from the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF-ERA5) reanalysis. These three datasets allowed us to see the evolution of the winds in response to the forcing from the MIL and gravity waves. The wavelet analysis of a case study suggests that the wave energy was dissipated in small, intense, transient instabilities about a given wavenumber in addition to via a broad spectrum of breaking waves. This article will also detail the recent hardware advances of the Monge lidar that have allowed for the measurement of MILs and gravity waves at a resolution of 5 min with an effective vertical resolution of 926 m.
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Mesosphere Ozone and the Lower Ionosphere under Plasma Disturbance by Powerful High-Frequency Radio Emission. ATMOSPHERE 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/atmos11111154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
We present the results of experiments on the Earth’s lower ionosphere at mesospheric heights by creating artificial periodic irregularities (APIs) of the ionospheric plasma and simultaneous measurement of the atmospheric emission spectrum in the ozone line by ground-based microwave radiometry when the ionosphere was disturbed by powerful high-frequency radio emission from the midlatitude SURA heating facility (56.15° N; 46.11° E). The diagnostics of the ionosphere was carried out on the basis of measuring amplitudes and phases of signals scattered by periodic irregularities in the altitude range of 50–130 km. For each heating session lasting 30 min, two ozone spectra were measured. These spectra were compared with the measured spectra the periods when heating was turned off. During the heating session of the ionosphere, a decrease in the intensity of the microwave radiation of the atmosphere in the ozone line was observed. The lower ionosphere was characterized by intense dynamics. Rapid variations in the amplitude of the scattered signal and the relaxation time of artificial periodic irregularities were observed. The velocity of a regular vertical movement in the D-region of the ionosphere constantly varied direction with average minute values up to 4–5 m/s. We assume the decrease in the ozone emission spectrum at the altitude of 60 km can be explained by an increase in the coefficient of electron attachment to oxygen molecules during heating sessions. The lower boundary of the region enriched with atomic oxygen was estimated from the height profile of the API relaxation time.
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Gravity Waves in Planetary Atmospheres: Their Effects and Parameterization in Global Circulation Models. ATMOSPHERE 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/atmos10090531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
The dynamical and thermodynamical importance of gravity waves was initially recognized in the atmosphere of Earth. Extensive studies over recent decades demonstrated that gravity waves exist in atmospheres of other planets, similarly play a significant role in the vertical coupling of atmospheric layers and, thus, must be included in numerical general circulation models. Since the spatial scales of gravity waves are smaller than the typical spatial resolution of most models, atmospheric forcing produced by them must be parameterized. This paper presents a review of gravity waves in planetary atmospheres, outlines their main characteristics and forcing mechanisms, and summarizes approaches to capturing gravity wave effects in numerical models. The main goal of this review is to bridge research communities studying atmospheres of Earth and other planets.
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Belova E, Kawnine M, Häggström I, Sergienko T, Kirkwood S, Tjulin A. Tristatic observation of polar mesosphere winter echoes with the EISCAT VHF radar on 8 January 2014: a case study. EARTH, PLANETS, AND SPACE : EPS 2018; 70:110. [PMID: 30996647 PMCID: PMC6435039 DOI: 10.1186/s40623-018-0878-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2018] [Accepted: 06/19/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Polar mesosphere winter echoes (PMWE) were observed at 70 km over Tromsø, Norway, on 8 January 2014 using the tristatic configuration of the European incoherent scatter VHF radar. For the interval 11:00-13:00 UT where the strongest patch of PMWE of about 6-min duration was detected, the spectra of the received signal were analysed for the Tromsø site and altitude profiles of spectral parameters were derived. For the remote sites Kiruna and Sodankylä, the Doppler velocities and their vertical shear were determined by using the measured autocorrelation functions. Ducted gravity waves with periods of 5-10 min were found in the vertical wind velocity between 66 and 81 km altitudes. The duct might be formed around 70 and 77 km altitude where horizontal wind maxima were observed with the Kiruna receiver. However, we did not find any close relation between wind shear at 70 km altitude and PMWE at the same height: the wind shear was present for 2 h, but PMWE for only 6 min. Enhanced spectral width in the vertical Tromsø beam was observed for the PMWE patch. We discussed these experimental findings in relation to the winter echo generation mechanism. Our conclusion is that the presence of patchy negatively charged small-sized dust might explain the observations although a gravity wave breaking mechanism cannot be completely rejected.
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Modulation of Gravity Wave Drag in the Mesosphere and Lower Thermosphere by Tides and the Effects on the Time Mean Flow-Model Results. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013. [DOI: 10.1029/gm087p0145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register]
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Roble RG. Energetics of the Mesosphere and Thermosphere. THE UPPER MESOSPHERE AND LOWER THERMOSPHERE: A REVIEW OF EXPERIMENT AND THEORY 2013. [DOI: 10.1029/gm087p0001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 162] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Mlynczak MG, Solomon S, Zaras DS. An updated model for O2(a1Δg) concentrations in the mesosphere and lower thermosphere and implications for remote sensing of ozone at 1.27 μm. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1029/93jd01478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Meriwether JW. A review of the photochemistry of selected nightglow emissions from the mesopause. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1029/jd094id12p14629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Garcia RR. Dynamics, radiation, and photochemistry in the mesosphere: Implications for the formation of noctilucent clouds. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1029/jd094id12p14605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Eluszkiewicz J, Allen M. A global analysis of the ozone deficit in the upper stratosphere and lower mesosphere. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1029/92jd01912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Morris RA, Miller TM, Viggiano AA, Paulson JF, Solomon S, Reid G. Effects of electron and ion reactions on atmospheric lifetimes of fully fluorinated compounds. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1029/94jd02399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Hedin AE. Extension of the MSIS Thermosphere Model into the middle and lower atmosphere. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1029/90ja02125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1791] [Impact Index Per Article: 149.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Fuller-Rowell TJ, Rees D, Parish HF, Virdi TS, Williams PJS, Johnson RM. Lower Thermosphere Coupling Study: Comparison of observations with predictions of the University College London-Sheffield Thermosphere-Ionosphere Model. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1029/90ja02315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Gardner CS, Liu AZ. Wave-induced transport of atmospheric constituents and its effect on the mesospheric Na layer. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1029/2010jd014140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Yan X, Arnold N, Remedios J. Global observations of gravity waves from High Resolution Dynamics Limb Sounder temperature measurements: A yearlong record of temperature amplitude and vertical wavelength. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1029/2008jd011511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Xu J, Smith AK, Liu HL, Yuan W, Wu Q, Jiang G, Mlynczak MG, Russell JM. Estimation of the equivalent Rayleigh friction in mesosphere/lower thermosphere region from the migrating diurnal tides observed by TIMED. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009. [DOI: 10.1029/2009jd012209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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Yamashita C, Chu X, Liu HL, Espy PJ, Nott GJ, Huang W. Stratospheric gravity wave characteristics and seasonal variations observed by lidar at the South Pole and Rothera, Antarctica. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009. [DOI: 10.1029/2008jd011472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Qian L, Solomon SC, Kane TJ. Seasonal variation of thermospheric density and composition. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009. [DOI: 10.1029/2008ja013643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 156] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Liying Qian
- High Altitude Observatory; National Center for Atmospheric Research; Boulder Colorado USA
| | - Stanley C. Solomon
- High Altitude Observatory; National Center for Atmospheric Research; Boulder Colorado USA
| | - Timothy J. Kane
- Department of Electrical Engineering; Pennsylvania State University; University Park Pennsylvania USA
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Pawson S, Stolarski RS, Douglass AR, Newman PA, Nielsen JE, Frith SM, Gupta ML. Goddard Earth Observing System chemistry-climate model simulations of stratospheric ozone-temperature coupling between 1950 and 2005. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008. [DOI: 10.1029/2007jd009511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 136] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Höffner J, Lübken FJ. Potassium lidar temperatures and densities in the mesopause region at Spitsbergen (78°N). ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007. [DOI: 10.1029/2007jd008612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Campbell L, Cartwright DC, Brunger MJ. Role of excited N2in the production of nitric oxide. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007. [DOI: 10.1029/2007ja012337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- L. Campbell
- ARC Centre for Antimatter-Matter Studies, School of Chemistry, Physics and Earth Sciences; Flinders University; Adelaide, South Australia Australia
| | | | - M. J. Brunger
- ARC Centre for Antimatter-Matter Studies, School of Chemistry, Physics and Earth Sciences; Flinders University; Adelaide, South Australia Australia
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Friedman JS, Chu X. Nocturnal temperature structure in the mesopause region over the Arecibo Observatory (18.35°N, 66.75°W): Seasonal variations. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007. [DOI: 10.1029/2006jd008220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Gardner CS, Liu AZ. Seasonal variations of the vertical fluxes of heat and horizontal momentum in the mesopause region at Starfire Optical Range, New Mexico. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007. [DOI: 10.1029/2005jd006179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Garcia RR, Marsh DR, Kinnison DE, Boville BA, Sassi F. Simulation of secular trends in the middle atmosphere, 1950–2003. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007. [DOI: 10.1029/2006jd007485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 565] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Eyring V, Butchart N, Waugh DW, Akiyoshi H, Austin J, Bekki S, Bodeker GE, Boville BA, Brühl C, Chipperfield MP, Cordero E, Dameris M, Deushi M, Fioletov VE, Frith SM, Garcia RR, Gettelman A, Giorgetta MA, Grewe V, Jourdain L, Kinnison DE, Mancini E, Manzini E, Marchand M, Marsh DR, Nagashima T, Newman PA, Nielsen JE, Pawson S, Pitari G, Plummer DA, Rozanov E, Schraner M, Shepherd TG, Shibata K, Stolarski RS, Struthers H, Tian W, Yoshiki M. Assessment of temperature, trace species, and ozone in chemistry-climate model simulations of the recent past. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006. [DOI: 10.1029/2006jd007327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 385] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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La Hoz C, Havnes O, Næsheim LI, Hysell DL. Observations and theories of Polar Mesospheric Summer Echoes at a Bragg wavelength of 16 cm. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006. [DOI: 10.1029/2005jd006044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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33
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Takahashi YO, Fujiwara H, Fukunishi H. Vertical and latitudinal structure of the migrating diurnal tide in the Martian atmosphere: Numerical investigations. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006. [DOI: 10.1029/2005je002543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Marsh DR, Smith AK, Mlynczak MG, Russell JM. SABER observations of the OH Meinel airglow variability near the mesopause. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006. [DOI: 10.1029/2005ja011451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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López-Puertas M, Funke B, Gil-López S, von Clarmann T, Stiller GP, Höpfner M, Kellmann S, Fischer H, Jackman CH. Observation of NOxenhancement and ozone depletion in the Northern and Southern Hemispheres after the October-November 2003 solar proton events. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2005. [DOI: 10.1029/2005ja011050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M. López-Puertas
- Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía; Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas; Granada Spain
| | - B. Funke
- Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía; Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas; Granada Spain
| | - S. Gil-López
- Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía; Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas; Granada Spain
| | - T. von Clarmann
- Institut für Meteorologie und Klimaforschung; Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe und Universität Karlsruhe; Karlsruhe Germany
| | - G. P. Stiller
- Institut für Meteorologie und Klimaforschung; Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe und Universität Karlsruhe; Karlsruhe Germany
| | - M. Höpfner
- Institut für Meteorologie und Klimaforschung; Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe und Universität Karlsruhe; Karlsruhe Germany
| | - S. Kellmann
- Institut für Meteorologie und Klimaforschung; Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe und Universität Karlsruhe; Karlsruhe Germany
| | - H. Fischer
- Institut für Meteorologie und Klimaforschung; Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe und Universität Karlsruhe; Karlsruhe Germany
| | - C. H. Jackman
- NASA Goddard Space Flight Center; Greenbelt Maryland USA
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Hecht JH. Maui Mesosphere and Lower Thermosphere (Maui MALT) observations of the evolution of Kelvin-Helmholtz billows formed near 86 km altitude. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2005. [DOI: 10.1029/2003jd003908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Funke B, López-Puertas M, Gil-López S, von Clarmann T, Stiller GP, Fischer H, Kellmann S. Downward transport of upper atmospheric NOxinto the polar stratosphere and lower mesosphere during the Antarctic 2003 and Arctic 2002/2003 winters. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2005. [DOI: 10.1029/2005jd006463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 125] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Clemesha B. Negligible long-term temperature trend in the upper atmosphere at 23°S. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2004. [DOI: 10.1029/2003jd004243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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39
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Hagan ME, Forbes JM. Migrating and nonmigrating semidiurnal tides in the upper atmosphere excited by tropospheric latent heat release. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2003. [DOI: 10.1029/2002ja009466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 359] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M. E. Hagan
- High Altitude Observatory; National Center for Atmospheric Research; Boulder Colorado USA
| | - J. M. Forbes
- Department of Aerospace Engineering Sciences; University of Colorado; Boulder Colorado USA
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Fritts DC. Layering accompanying turbulence generation due to shear instability and gravity-wave breaking. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2003. [DOI: 10.1029/2002jd002406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Deutsch KA. Long-term behavior of the OI 558 nm emission in the night sky and its aeronomical implications. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2003. [DOI: 10.1029/2002ja009611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Lübken FJ. First in situ temperature measurements in the summer mesosphere at very high latitudes (78°N). ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2003. [DOI: 10.1029/2002jd002414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Lie-Svendsen Ø. Modeling the plasma response to small-scale aerosol particle perturbations in the mesopause region. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2003. [DOI: 10.1029/2002jd002753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Logan JA. Quasibiennial oscillation in tropical ozone as revealed by ozonesonde and satellite data. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2003. [DOI: 10.1029/2002jd002170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Chu X. Lidar studies of interannual, seasonal, and diurnal variations of polar mesospheric clouds at the South Pole. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2003. [DOI: 10.1029/2002jd002524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Hagan ME, Forbes JM. Migrating and nonmigrating diurnal tides in the middle and upper atmosphere excited by tropospheric latent heat release. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2002. [DOI: 10.1029/2001jd001236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 558] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M. E. Hagan
- National Center for Atmospheric Research Boulder Colorado USA
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Preusse P, Dörnbrack A, Eckermann SD, Riese M, Schaeler B, Bacmeister JT, Broutman D, Grossmann KU. Space-based measurements of stratospheric mountain waves by CRISTA 1. Sensitivity, analysis method, and a case study. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2002. [DOI: 10.1029/2001jd000699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 209] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Peter Preusse
- Department of Physics; Wuppertal University; Wuppertal Germany
| | - Andreas Dörnbrack
- Institut für Physik der Atmosphäre; Deutsches Zentrum für Luft und Raumfahrt (DLR); Oberpfaffenhofen Germany
| | - Stephen D. Eckermann
- E. O. Hulburt Center for Space Research; Naval Research Laboratory; Washington District of Columbia USA
| | - Martin Riese
- Department of Physics; Wuppertal University; Wuppertal Germany
| | - Bernd Schaeler
- Department of Physics; Wuppertal University; Wuppertal Germany
| | - Julio T. Bacmeister
- Goddard Earth Sciences and Technology Center (GEST); University of Maryland, Baltimore County (UMBC); Baltimore Maryland USA
| | - Dave Broutman
- Institut für Physik der Atmosphäre; Deutsches Zentrum für Luft und Raumfahrt (DLR); Oberpfaffenhofen Germany
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Berger U. Icy particles in the summer mesopause region: Three-dimensional modeling of their environment and two-dimensional modeling of their transport. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2002. [DOI: 10.1029/2001ja000316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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