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Müller AT, Posselt G, Gabernet G, Neuhaus C, Bachler S, Blatter M, Pfeiffer B, Hiss JA, Dittrich PS, Altmann KH, Wessler S, Schneider G. Morphing of Amphipathic Helices to Explore the Activity and Selectivity of Membranolytic Antimicrobial Peptides. Biochemistry 2020; 59:3772-3781. [PMID: 32936629 PMCID: PMC7547863 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biochem.0c00565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2020] [Revised: 09/07/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Naturally occurring membranolytic antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are rarely cell-type selective and highly potent at the same time. Template-based peptide design can be used to generate AMPs with improved properties de novo. Following this approach, 18 linear peptides were obtained by computationally morphing the natural AMP Aurein 2.2d2 GLFDIVKKVVGALG into the synthetic model AMP KLLKLLKKLLKLLK. Eleven of the 18 chimeric designs inhibited the growth of Staphylococcus aureus, and six peptides were tested and found to be active against one resistant pathogenic strain or more. One of the peptides was broadly active against bacterial and fungal pathogens without exhibiting toxicity to certain human cell lines. Solution nuclear magnetic resonance and molecular dynamics simulation suggested an oblique-oriented membrane insertion mechanism of this helical de novo peptide. Temperature-resolved circular dichroism spectroscopy pointed to conformational flexibility as an essential feature of cell-type selective AMPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex T. Müller
- Department
of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH
Zurich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 4, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Gernot Posselt
- Department
of Biosciences, Division of Microbiology, Paris Lodron University of Salzburg, Billrothstrasse 11, 5020 Salzburg, Austria
| | - Gisela Gabernet
- Department
of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH
Zurich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 4, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Claudia Neuhaus
- Department
of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH
Zurich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 4, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Simon Bachler
- Department
of Biosystems Science and Engineering, ETH
Zurich, Mattenstrasse
26, 4058 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Markus Blatter
- Novartis
Institutes for BioMedical Research, Novartis
Pharma AG, Novartis Campus, 4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Bernhard Pfeiffer
- Department
of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH
Zurich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 4, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Jan A. Hiss
- Department
of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH
Zurich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 4, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Petra S. Dittrich
- Department
of Biosystems Science and Engineering, ETH
Zurich, Mattenstrasse
26, 4058 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Karl-Heinz Altmann
- Department
of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH
Zurich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 4, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Silja Wessler
- Department
of Biosciences, Division of Microbiology, Paris Lodron University of Salzburg, Billrothstrasse 11, 5020 Salzburg, Austria
| | - Gisbert Schneider
- Department
of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH
Zurich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 4, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
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Babii O, Afonin S, Schober T, Komarov IV, Ulrich AS. Flexibility vs rigidity of amphipathic peptide conjugates when interacting with lipid bilayers. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES 2017; 1859:2505-2515. [PMID: 28958778 PMCID: PMC5667891 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2017.09.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2017] [Revised: 09/05/2017] [Accepted: 09/21/2017] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
For the first time, the photoisomerization of a diarylethene moiety (DAET) in peptide conjugates was used to probe the effects of molecular rigidity/flexibility on the structure and behavior of model peptides bound to lipid membranes. The DAET unit was incorporated into the backbones of linear peptide-based constructs, connecting two amphipathic sequences (derived from the β-stranded peptide (KIGAKI)3 and/or the α-helical peptide BP100). A β-strand-DAET-α-helix and an α-helix-DAET-α-helix models were synthesized and studied in phospholipid membranes. Light-induced photoisomerization of the linker allowed the generation of two forms of each conjugate, which differed in the conformational mobility of the junction between the α-helical and/or the β-stranded part of these peptidomimetic molecules. A detailed study of their structural, orientational and conformational behavior, both in isotropic solution and in phospholipid model membranes, was carried out using circular dichroism and solid-state 19F-NMR spectroscopy. The study showed that the rigid and flexible forms of the two conjugates had appreciably different structures only when embedded in an anisotropic lipid environment and only in the gel phase. The influence of the rigidity/flexibility of the studied conjugates on the lipid thermotropic phase transition was also investigated by differential scanning calorimetry. Both models were found to destabilize the lamellar gel phases. DAET building blocks can be used to study rigidity/flexibility effects in supramolecular model systems. Photoswitchable DAET linkers perturb only up to 3–4 adjacent amino acid residues. Membrane-bound amphiphilic secondary structure elements exert a negligible influence on each other when linked by DAET. The rigidity of peptide conjugates affected their structural behavior only in the lipid gel phase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oleg Babii
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Institute of Organic Chemistry, Fritz-Haber-Weg 6, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Sergii Afonin
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Institute of Biological Interfaces (IBG-2), POB 3640, 76021 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Tim Schober
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Institute of Organic Chemistry, Fritz-Haber-Weg 6, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Igor V Komarov
- Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Institute of High Technologies, Volodymyrska 60, 01601 Kyiv, Ukraine.
| | - Anne S Ulrich
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Institute of Organic Chemistry, Fritz-Haber-Weg 6, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany; Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Institute of Biological Interfaces (IBG-2), POB 3640, 76021 Karlsruhe, Germany.
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Maier O, Galan DL, Wodrich H, Wiethoff CM. An N-terminal domain of adenovirus protein VI fragments membranes by inducing positive membrane curvature. Virology 2010; 402:11-9. [PMID: 20409568 DOI: 10.1016/j.virol.2010.03.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2010] [Revised: 03/01/2010] [Accepted: 03/26/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Adenovirus (Ad) membrane penetration during cell entry is poorly understood. Here we show that antibodies which neutralize the membrane lytic activity of the Ad capsid protein VI interfere with Ad endosomal membrane penetration. In vitro studies using a peptide corresponding to an N-terminal amphipathic alpha-helix of protein VI (VI-Phi), as well as other truncated forms of protein VI suggest that VI-Phi is largely responsible for protein VI binding to and lysing of membranes. Additional studies suggest that VI-Phi lies nearly parallel to the membrane surface. Protein VI fragments membranes and induces highly curved structures. Further studies suggest that protein VI induces positive membrane curvature. These data support a model in which protein VI binds membranes, inducing positive curvature strain which ultimately leads to membrane fragmentation. These results agree with previous observations of Ad membrane permeabilization during cell entry and provide an initial mechanistic description of a nonenveloped virus membrane lytic protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oana Maier
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Loyola University Chicago, Stritch School of Medicine, Maywood, IL 60153, USA
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Weise K, Reed J. Fusion Peptides and Transmembrane Domains of Fusion Proteins are Characterized by Different but Specific Structural Properties. Chembiochem 2008; 9:934-43. [DOI: 10.1002/cbic.200700386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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