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Moran C, Delafield NL, Kenny G, Asbury KL, Larsen BT, Lambert KL, Patron RL. A case ofVerruconis gallopavainfection in a heart transplant recipient successfully treated with posaconazole. Transpl Infect Dis 2019; 21:e13044. [DOI: 10.1111/tid.13044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2018] [Revised: 12/06/2018] [Accepted: 12/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Conor Moran
- Department of Medicine Mater Misericordiae University Hospital Dublin Ireland
| | | | - Grace Kenny
- Department of Medicine Mater Misericordiae University Hospital Dublin Ireland
| | - Kara L. Asbury
- Division of Infectious Diseases Mayo Clinic Hospital Phoenix Arizona
| | - Brandon T. Larsen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology Mayo Clinic Scottsdale Arizona
| | - Karen L. Lambert
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology Mayo Clinic Hospital Phoenix Arizona
| | - Roberto L. Patron
- Division of Infectious Diseases Mayo Clinic Hospital Phoenix Arizona
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Douglas AP, Chen SCA, Slavin MA. Emerging infections caused by non-Aspergillus filamentous fungi. Clin Microbiol Infect 2016; 22:670-80. [PMID: 26812445 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmi.2016.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2015] [Revised: 01/02/2016] [Accepted: 01/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
There are three broad groups of non-Aspergillus moulds: the mucormycetes, the hyalohyphomycetes and the phaeohyphomycetes. Infections with these pathogens are increasingly reported, particularly in the context of increasing use of immunosuppressant agents and improved diagnostics. The epidemiology of non-Aspergillus mould infections varies with geography, climate and level of immunosuppression. Skin and soft-tissue infections are the predominant presentation in the immunocompetent host and pulmonary and other invasive infections in the immunocompromised host. The more common non-Aspergillus moulds include Rhizopus, Mucor, Fusarium and Scedosporium species; however, other emerging pathogens are Rasamsonia and Verruconis species, which are discussed in this article. Outbreaks of non-Aspergillus mould infections have been increasingly reported, with contaminated medical supplies and natural disasters as common sources. Currently culture and other conventional diagnostic methods are the cornerstone of diagnosis. Molecular methods to directly detect and identify mould pathogens in tissue and body fluids are increasingly used.
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Affiliation(s)
- A P Douglas
- Victorian Infectious Diseases Service, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - S C-A Chen
- Centre for Infectious Diseases and Microbiology Laboratory Services, ICPMR-Pathology West, Westmead Hospital, University of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - M A Slavin
- Victorian Infectious Diseases Service, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Department of Infectious Diseases, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
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Chowdhary A, Perfect J, de Hoog GS. Black Molds and Melanized Yeasts Pathogenic to Humans. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Med 2014; 5:a019570. [PMID: 25384772 DOI: 10.1101/cshperspect.a019570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
A review is given of melanized fungi involved in human infection, including species forming budding cells and strictly filamentous representatives. Classically, they are known as "phaeoid" or "dematiaceous" fungi, and, today, agents are recognized to belong to seven orders of fungi, of which the Chaetothyriales and Pleosporales are the most important. Infections range from cutaneous or pulmonary colonization to systemic or disseminated invasion. Subcutaneous involvement, either primary or after dissemination, may lead to host tissue proliferation of dermis or epidermis. Particularly in the Chaetothyriales, subcutaneous and systemic infections may occur in otherwise apparently healthy individuals. Infections are mostly chronic and require extended antifungal therapy and/or surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anuradha Chowdhary
- Department of Medical Mycology, Vallabhbhai Patel Chest Institute, University of Delhi, Delhi 110 007, India
| | - John Perfect
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center Durham, North Carolina 27710
| | - G Sybren de Hoog
- CBS-KNAW Fungal Biodiversity Centre, 3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands
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Yew SM, Chan CL, Lee KW, Na SL, Tan R, Hoh CC, Yee WY, Ngeow YF, Ng KP. A five-year survey of dematiaceous fungi in a tropical hospital reveals potential opportunistic species. PLoS One 2014; 9:e104352. [PMID: 25098697 PMCID: PMC4123927 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0104352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2014] [Accepted: 07/11/2014] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Dematiaceous fungi (black fungi) are a heterogeneous group of fungi present in diverse environments worldwide. Many species in this group are known to cause allergic reactions and potentially fatal diseases in humans and animals, especially in tropical and subtropical climates. This study represents the first survey of dematiaceous fungi in Malaysia and provides observations on their diversity as well as in vitro response to antifungal drugs. Seventy-five strains isolated from various clinical specimens were identified by morphology as well as an internal transcribed spacer (ITS)-based phylogenetic analysis. The combined molecular and conventional approach enabled the identification of three classes of the Ascomycota phylum and 16 genera, the most common being Cladosporium, Cochliobolus and Neoscytalidium. Several of the species identified have not been associated before with human infections. Among 8 antifungal agents tested, the azoles posaconazole (96%), voriconazole (90.7%), ketoconazole (86.7%) and itraconazole (85.3%) showed in vitro activity (MIC ≤1 µg/mL) to the largest number of strains, followed by anidulafungin (89.3%), caspofungin (74.7%) and amphotericin B (70.7%). Fluconazole appeared to be the least effective with only 10.7% of isolates showing in vitro susceptibility. Overall, almost half (45.3%) of the isolates showed reduced susceptibility (MIC >1 µg/mL) to at least one antifungal agent, and three strains (one Pyrenochaeta unguis-hominis and two Nigrospora oryzae) showed potential multidrug resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su Mei Yew
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Chai Ling Chan
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Kok Wei Lee
- Codon Genomics SB, Jalan Bandar Lapan Belas, Pusat Bandar Puchong, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
| | - Shiang Ling Na
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Ruixin Tan
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Chee-Choong Hoh
- Codon Genomics SB, Jalan Bandar Lapan Belas, Pusat Bandar Puchong, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
| | - Wai-Yan Yee
- Codon Genomics SB, Jalan Bandar Lapan Belas, Pusat Bandar Puchong, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
| | - Yun Fong Ngeow
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Kee Peng Ng
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- * E-mail:
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Chowdhary A, Meis J, Guarro J, de Hoog G, Kathuria S, Arendrup M, Arikan-Akdagli S, Akova M, Boekhout T, Caira M, Guinea J, Chakrabarti A, Dannaoui E, van Diepeningen A, Freiberger T, Groll A, Hope W, Johnson E, Lackner M, Lagrou K, Lanternier F, Lass-Flörl C, Lortholary O, Meletiadis J, Muñoz P, Pagano L, Petrikkos G, Richardson M, Roilides E, Skiada A, Tortorano A, Ullmann A, Verweij P, Cornely O, Cuenca-Estrella M. ESCMID and ECMM joint clinical guidelines for the diagnosis and management of systemic phaeohyphomycosis: diseases caused by black fungi. Clin Microbiol Infect 2014; 20 Suppl 3:47-75. [DOI: 10.1111/1469-0691.12515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 216] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2013] [Revised: 12/13/2013] [Accepted: 12/16/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Samerpitak K, Van der Linde E, Choi HJ, Gerrits van den Ende AHG, Machouart M, Gueidan C, de Hoog GS. Taxonomy of Ochroconis, genus including opportunistic pathogens on humans and animals. FUNGAL DIVERS 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s13225-013-0253-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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Kumaran MS, Bhagwan S, Savio J, Rudramurthy SM, Chakrabarti A, Tirumalae R, Abraham A. Disseminated cutaneousOchroconis gallopavainfection in an immunocompetent host: an unusual concurrence - a case report and review of cases reported. Int J Dermatol 2013; 54:327-31. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-4632.2012.05841.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Shuba Bhagwan
- Department of Dermatology; St Johns Medical College Hospital; Bangalore India
| | - Jayanthi Savio
- Department of Microbiology; St Johns Medical College Hospital; Bangalore India
| | | | | | | | - Anil Abraham
- Department of Dermatology; St Johns Medical College Hospital; Bangalore India
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Meriden Z, Marr KA, Lederman HM, Illei PB, Villa K, Riedel S, Carroll KC, Zhang SX. Ochroconis gallopavainfection in a patient with chronic granulomatous disease: case report and review of the literature. Med Mycol 2012; 50:883-9. [DOI: 10.3109/13693786.2012.681075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Wong J, Schousboe M, Metcalf S, Endre Z, Hegarty J, Maze M, Keith E, Seaward L, Podmore R. Ochroconis gallopava peritonitis in a cardiac transplant patient on continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis. Transpl Infect Dis 2010; 12:455-8. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-3062.2010.00523.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Ochroconis calidifluminalis, a Sibling of the Neurotropic Pathogen O. gallopava, Isolated from Hot Spring. Mycopathologia 2010; 170:21-30. [DOI: 10.1007/s11046-010-9292-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2009] [Accepted: 02/11/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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A CASE OF PULMONARY CAVITARY LESION DUE TODACTYLARIA CONSTRICTA VAR. GALLOPAVAIN A RENAL TRANSPLANT PATIENT. Nephrology (Carlton) 2009; 14:262. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1440-1797.2009.01107.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Yarita K, Sano A, Murata Y, Takayama A, Takahashi Y, Takahashi H, Yaguchi T, Ohori A, Kamei K, Miyaji M, Nishimura K. Pathogenicity of Ochroconis gallopava isolated from hot springs in Japan and a review of published reports. Mycopathologia 2007; 164:135-47. [PMID: 17594533 DOI: 10.1007/s11046-007-9034-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2007] [Accepted: 06/05/2007] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Four strains of Ochroconis gallopava from 3 out of 15 Japanese hot springs were isolated. Colonies of the hot spring isolates were uniformly floccose and dark olive green on the surface and dark brown on their reverse side on potato dextrose agar (PDA) plates, however, they became felty, flat, and brownish-black, and produced a reddish-brown pigment after several times of subculture at room temperature. Shapes and sizes of conidia of the four strains were individual, while the D1/D2 domain of the large subunit ribosomal RNA gene sequences showed 99.7% identity in the GenBank database. The DNA pattern of the hot spring isolates amplified by species specific loop mediated isothermal amplification method were as the same pattern as that of a clinical isolate. The minimum inhibitory concentrations of antifungal agents to O. gallopava isolated from the hot springs were ranged from 0.5 to 1 microg/ml in amphotericin B, 1 to 16 microg/ml in flucytosine, 0.125 to 0.25 microg/ml in itraconazole, 1 to 4 microg/ml in miconazole, 16 to 64 microg/ml in flconazole and 0.03 to 0.5 microg/ml in micafungin. The isolates had fatal outcome in experimentally infected mice intravenously with severe invasiveness to brains and kidneys. These findings suggested that O. gallopava habitats in hot springs could be one of sources for infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyoko Yarita
- Research Center for Pathogenic Fungi and Microbial Toxicoses, Chiba University, 1-8-1, Inohana, Chuo-ku, Japan
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