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Nikolic I, Yung LM, Yang P, Malhotra R, Paskin-Flerlage SD, Dinter T, Bocobo GA, Tumelty KE, Faugno AJ, Troncone L, McNeil ME, Huang X, Coser KR, Lai CSC, Upton PD, Goumans MJ, Zamanian RT, Elliott CG, Lee A, Zheng W, Berasi SP, Huard C, Morrell NW, Chung RT, Channick RW, Roberts KE, Yu PB. Bone Morphogenetic Protein 9 Is a Mechanistic Biomarker of Portopulmonary Hypertension. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2019; 199:891-902. [PMID: 30312106 PMCID: PMC6444661 DOI: 10.1164/rccm.201807-1236oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
RATIONALE BMP9 (bone morphogenetic protein 9) is a circulating endothelial quiescence factor with protective effects in pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). Loss-of-function mutations in BMP9, its receptors, and downstream effectors have been reported in heritable PAH. OBJECTIVES To determine how an acquired deficiency of BMP9 signaling might contribute to PAH. METHODS Plasma levels of BMP9 and antagonist soluble endoglin were measured in group 1 PAH, group 2 and 3 pulmonary hypertension (PH), and in patients with severe liver disease without PAH. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS BMP9 levels were markedly lower in portopulmonary hypertension (PoPH) versus healthy control subjects, or other etiologies of PAH or PH; distinguished PoPH from patients with liver disease without PAH; and were an independent predictor of transplant-free survival. BMP9 levels were decreased in mice with PH associated with CCl4-induced portal hypertension and liver cirrhosis, but were normal in other rodent models of PH. Administration of ALK1-Fc, a BMP9 ligand trap consisting of the activin receptor-like kinase-1 extracellular domain, exacerbated PH and pulmonary vascular remodeling in mice treated with hypoxia versus hypoxia alone. CONCLUSIONS BMP9 is a sensitive and specific biomarker of PoPH, predicting transplant-free survival and the presence of PAH in liver disease. In rodent models, acquired deficiency of BMP9 signaling can predispose to or exacerbate PH, providing a possible mechanistic link between PoPH and heritable PAH. These findings describe a novel experimental model of severe PH that provides insight into the synergy between pulmonary vascular injury and diminished BMP9 signaling in the pathogenesis of PAH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivana Nikolic
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Lai-Ming Yung
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Peiran Yang
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | | | - Samuel D. Paskin-Flerlage
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Teresa Dinter
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Geoffrey A. Bocobo
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | | | - Anthony J. Faugno
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Luca Troncone
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Megan E. McNeil
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Xiuli Huang
- Therapy for Rare and Neglected Diseases Program, National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, Rockville, Maryland
| | - Kathryn R. Coser
- Pfizer Centers for Therapeutic Innovation, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Carol S. C. Lai
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Paul D. Upton
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Addenbrooke’s and Papworth Hospitals, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Marie Jose Goumans
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Cancer Genomics Centre Netherlands, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Roham T. Zamanian
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Stanford University Medical Center, Stanford, California; and
| | - C. Gregory Elliott
- Department of Medicine, Intermountain Medical Center and University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Arthur Lee
- Therapy for Rare and Neglected Diseases Program, National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, Rockville, Maryland
| | - Wei Zheng
- Therapy for Rare and Neglected Diseases Program, National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, Rockville, Maryland
| | | | - Christine Huard
- Pfizer Centers for Therapeutic Innovation, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Nicholas W. Morrell
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Addenbrooke’s and Papworth Hospitals, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | | | - Richard W. Channick
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Kari E. Roberts
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Paul B. Yu
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
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Kurata M, Iidaka T, Yamasaki N, Sasayama Y, Hamada Y. Battery of tests for profiling abnormalities of vitamin K-dependent coagulation factors in drug-toxicity studies in rats. Exp Anim 2005; 54:189-92. [PMID: 15897630 DOI: 10.1538/expanim.54.189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022] Open
Abstract
A battery of simple tests for profiling abnormalities of vitamin K-dependent coagulation factors encountered in drug-toxicity studies was verified in rats treated with warfarin (3 and 10 mg/kg, p.o). The thrombotest, or hepaplastin-test, is useful as a follow-up test after routine screening tests for coagulation abnormalities based on PT and APTT, to rule out other coagulation-factor abnormalities. Measurement of coagulation factor activities (factors II, VII, IX and X) using factor-deficient human plasmas provides direct evidence of decreased activities of vitamin K-dependent factors. Furthermore, Echis carinatus venom coagulation time, together with factor II activity, allows us to confirm the generation of PIVKA-II.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masaaki Kurata
- Worldwide Safety Sciences, Pfizer Global Research and Development, Nagoya Laboratories, Pfizer Inc, Aichi, Japan
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He Y, Zhou J, Dou KF, Chen Y, Yan QG, Li HM. Autocrine expression of hepatocyte growth factor and its cytoprotective effect on hepatocyte poisoning. World J Gastroenterol 2004; 10:2827-30. [PMID: 15334679 PMCID: PMC4572111 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v10.i19.2827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM: To construct pEGFP-hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) expression vector, the to detect its expression in transfected human hepatocytes, and to investigate the influence of autocrine HGF expression on the proliferative potential and cytoprotective effects in human hepatocytes.
METHODS: Human HGF cDNA was ligated to the pEGFP vector. Recombinant plasmid was transfected into human hepatocyte line QZG with liposome. Expression of HGF protein was observed by fluorescence microscopy and immunohistochemistry. Hepatic cells were collected 24, 48, and 72 h after transfection to detect the number of [3H]-TdR uptake in DNA. DNA synthesis was observed by using PCNA stain immunohistochemistry. Acute liver cell damage was induced by carbon tetrachloride. Cytoprotective effect was observed by examining the survival rate of hepatocytes and leakage of intracellular alanine transaminase (ALT) and potassium ions.
RESULTS: HGF identification of pEGFP-HGF by enzyme digestion showed that HGF fragment was cloned into BamH I and Sal I sites of pEGFP-N3. Expression of GFP in transfected hepatocytes was observed with fluorescence microscopy. The [3H]-TdR uptake became 7 times as many as in the control group 96 h after transfection. After HGF transfection, the survival rate of hepatocytes poisoned by CCl4 significantly increased (83% vs 61%, P < 0.05), and the leakage of intracellular alanine transaminase and potassium ions decreased (586 nkat/L vs 1089 nkat/L, P < 0.01; and 5.59 mmol/L vs 6.02 mmol/L, P < 0.01 respectively). Culture of transfected hepatic cells promoted the proliferation of other non-transfected cells.
CONCLUSION: Transfected HGF is expressed in hepatic cells and has the activity of promoting cell division and protecting hepatic cells against poisoning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong He
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Xijing Hospital, the Fourth Military Medical University, 127 ChangLe West Road, Xi'an 710032, Shaanxi Province, China.
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