1
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Rahimi Kakavandi N, Asadi T, Hooshangi Shayesteh MR, Baeeri M, Rahimifard M, Baghaei A, Noruzi M, Sharifzadeh M, Abdollahi M. The electrocardiographic, hemodynamic, echocardiographic, and biochemical evaluation of treatment with edaravone on acute cardiac toxicity of aluminum phosphide. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:1032941. [PMID: 36278198 PMCID: PMC9581139 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.1032941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Aluminum phosphide (AlP) poisoning can be highly fatal due to its severe toxicity to the heart. Based on the evidence, edaravone (EDA) has protective effects on various pathological conditions of the heart. This research aimed to examine the potential protective effects of EDA on AlP-induced cardiotoxicity in rats. The rats were divided into six groups, including almond oil (control), normal saline, AlP (LD50), and AlP + EDA (20, 30, and 45 mg/kg). Thirty minutes following AlP poisoning, the electrocardiographic (ECG), blood pressure (BP), and heart rate (HR) parameters were examined for 180 min. The EDA was injected 60 min following the AlP poisoning intraperitoneally. Also, 24 h after poisoning, echocardiography was carried out to evaluate the ejection fraction (EF), stroke volume (SV), and cardiac output (CO). The biochemical and molecular parameters, such as the activities of the mitochondrial complexes, reactive oxygen species (ROS), apoptosis and necrosis, and troponin I and lactate levels, were also examined after 12 and 24 h in the heart tissue. According to the results, AlP-induced ECG abnormalities, decrease in blood pressure, heart rate, SV, EF%, and CO were significantly improved with EDA at doses of 30 and 45 mg/kg. Likewise, EDA significantly improved complex I and IV activity, apoptosis and necrosis, ROS, troponin I, and lactate levels following AlP-poisoning (p < 0.05). Also, the mean survival time was increased following EDA treatment, which can be attributed to the EDA’s protective effects against diverse underlying mechanisms of phosphine-induced cardiac toxicity. These findings suggest that EDA, by ameliorating heart function and modulating mitochondrial activity, might relieve AlP-induced cardiotoxicity. Nonetheless, additional investigations are required to examine any potential clinical advantages of EDA in this toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nader Rahimi Kakavandi
- Department of Toxicology & Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran
| | - Tayebeh Asadi
- Health and Environment Research Center, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran
| | | | - Maryam Baeeri
- Toxicology and Diseases Group, Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center (PSRC), The Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (TIPS), Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahban Rahimifard
- Toxicology and Diseases Group, Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center (PSRC), The Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (TIPS), Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran
| | - Amir Baghaei
- Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
| | - Marzieh Noruzi
- Department of Toxicology & Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Sharifzadeh
- Department of Toxicology & Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran
- Toxicology and Diseases Group, Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center (PSRC), The Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (TIPS), Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Abdollahi
- Department of Toxicology & Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran
- Toxicology and Diseases Group, Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center (PSRC), The Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (TIPS), Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran
- *Correspondence: Mohammad Abdollahi,
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2
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Hooshangi Shayesteh MR, Haghi-Aminjan H, Baeeri M, Rahimifard M, Hassani S, Gholami M, Momtaz S, Salami SA, Armandeh M, Bameri B, Samadi M, Mousavi T, Ostad SN, Abdollahi M. Modification of the hemodynamic and molecular features of phosphine, a potent mitochondrial toxicant in the heart, by cannabidiol. Toxicol Mech Methods 2021; 32:288-301. [PMID: 34711111 DOI: 10.1080/15376516.2021.1998851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Aluminum phosphide (AlP) poisoning is common in many countries responsible for high mortality. The heart is the main target organ in AlP poisoning. Several studies have reported the beneficial effects of cannabidiol (CBD) in reducing heart injuries. This study aimed to investigate the possible protective effect of CBD on cardiac toxicity caused by AlP poisoning. Study groups included almond oil, normal saline, sole CBD (100 µg/kg), AlP (11.5 mg/kg), and four groups of AlP + CBD (following AlP gavage, CBD administrated at doses of 5, 25, 50, and 100 μg/kg via intravenous (iv) injection). Thirty minutes after AlP treatment, an electronic cardiovascular device (PowerLab) was used to record electrocardiographic (ECG) changes, heart rate (HR), and blood pressure (BP) for three hours. Cardiac tissue was examined for the activities of mitochondrial complexes, ADP/ATP ratio, the release of cytochrome C, mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), apoptosis, oxidative stress parameter, and cardiac biomarkers at 12 and 24 hours time points. AlP administration caused abnormal ECG, decreased HR, and BP. AlP also significantly reduced mitochondrial complex I and IV activity and ADP/ATP ratio. The level of cytochrome C release, apoptosis, oxidative stress, and cardiac biomarkers was considerably increased by AlP, which was compensated following CBD administration. CBD was able to improve hemodynamic function to some extent in AlP poisoned rats. CBD restored ATP levels and mitochondrial function and decreased oxidative damage and thus, prevented the heart cells from entering the apoptotic stage. Further clinical trials are needed to explore any possible benefits of CBD in AlP-poisoned patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hamed Haghi-Aminjan
- Pharmaceutical Science Research Center, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran.,Traditional Medicine and Hydrotherapy Research Center, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran
| | - Maryam Baeeri
- Toxicology and Diseases Group, Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center (PSRC), The Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (TIPS), Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahban Rahimifard
- Toxicology and Diseases Group, Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center (PSRC), The Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (TIPS), Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran
| | - Shokoufeh Hassani
- Toxicology and Diseases Group, Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center (PSRC), The Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (TIPS), Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehdi Gholami
- Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Toxicology and Diseases Group, Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center (PSRC), The Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (TIPS), Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran
| | - Saeideh Momtaz
- Toxicology and Diseases Group, Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center (PSRC), The Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (TIPS), Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran.,Medicinal Plants Research Center, Institute of Medicinal Plants, ACECR, Karaj, Iran
| | | | - Maryam Armandeh
- Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Toxicology and Diseases Group, Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center (PSRC), The Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (TIPS), Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran
| | - Behnaz Bameri
- Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Toxicology and Diseases Group, Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center (PSRC), The Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (TIPS), Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahedeh Samadi
- Toxicology and Diseases Group, Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center (PSRC), The Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (TIPS), Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran.,Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Taraneh Mousavi
- Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Toxicology and Diseases Group, Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center (PSRC), The Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (TIPS), Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Nasser Ostad
- Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Toxicology and Diseases Group, Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center (PSRC), The Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (TIPS), Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Abdollahi
- Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Toxicology and Diseases Group, Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center (PSRC), The Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (TIPS), Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran
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3
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Bameri B, Armandeh M, Baeeri M, Haghi-Aminjan H, Rahimifard M, Hassani S, Hooshangi Shayesteh MR, Samadi M, Gholami M, Nayebpour M, Ostad SN, Abdollahi M. Electrocardiographic, hemodynamic, and biochemical evidence on the protective effects of exenatide against phosphine-induced cardiotoxicity in rat model. Hum Exp Toxicol 2021; 40:S381-S396. [PMID: 34569344 DOI: 10.1177/09603271211040819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Aluminum phosphide (AlP) poisoning can be deadly in most cases targeting the heart. To overcome AlP toxicity, exenatide has been studied in the present study due to its pleiotropic effects on cardiac damages. In this study, the rats were exposed to LD50 of AlP (10 mg/kg) by gavage, and exenatide at doses (0.05, 0.1, and 0.2 mg/kg) injected intraperitoneally 30 min after poisoning. The cardiac parameters including heart rate (HR), blood pressure (BP), QRS, corrected QT (QTc), and ST were monitored for 180 min. Blood glucose level was measured in the study groups 30 min after exenatide injection. Evaluation of biochemical parameters including mitochondrial complexes I, II, and IV activities, adenosine diphosphate (ADP)/adenosine triphosphate (ATP) ratio, malondialdehyde (MDA), apoptosis, lactate, troponin I, and brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) was done on heart tissues after 12 and 24 h. Additionally, the tissues were analyzed for any pathological damages including necrosis, hemorrhage, or hyperemia 24 h post-treatment. Our results showed that AlP-induced HR, BP, and electrocardiographic changes were improved by exenatide at all doses. The blood glucose levels of poisoned animals reached control levels after exenatide treatment. Besides, treatment with exenatide at all doses improved complexes I and IV activity, ADP/ATP ratio, and apoptosis. Malondialdehyde, lactate, troponin I, and BNP levels were also diminished after exenatide co-treatment in poisoned animals. On the other hand, administration of exenatide doses improved the histopathology of AlP-induced tissues. Based on our findings, exenatide has a protective effect against phosphine-induced cardiotoxicity in an almost dose-dependent way. However, further investigations are needed on the potential clinical use of exenatide in this poisoning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Behnaz Bameri
- Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, 48439Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran.,Toxicology and Diseases Group, Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center (PSRC), The Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (TIPS), 48439Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Armandeh
- Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, 48439Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran.,Toxicology and Diseases Group, Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center (PSRC), The Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (TIPS), 48439Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Baeeri
- Toxicology and Diseases Group, Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center (PSRC), The Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (TIPS), 48439Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamed Haghi-Aminjan
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, 48413Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran.,Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, 48413Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran
| | - Mahban Rahimifard
- Toxicology and Diseases Group, Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center (PSRC), The Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (TIPS), 48439Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shokoufeh Hassani
- Toxicology and Diseases Group, Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center (PSRC), The Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (TIPS), 48439Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Hooshangi Shayesteh
- Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, 48439Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran.,Toxicology and Diseases Group, Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center (PSRC), The Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (TIPS), 48439Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahedeh Samadi
- Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, 48432Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mahdi Gholami
- Toxicology and Diseases Group, Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center (PSRC), The Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (TIPS), 48439Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohsen Nayebpour
- Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, 48439Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Nasser Ostad
- Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, 48439Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Abdollahi
- Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, 48439Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran.,Toxicology and Diseases Group, Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center (PSRC), The Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (TIPS), 48439Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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4
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Bjørklund G, Dadar M, Aaseth J, Chirumbolo S. Thymosin β4: A Multi-Faceted Tissue Repair Stimulating Protein in Heart Injury. Curr Med Chem 2021; 27:6294-6305. [PMID: 31333080 DOI: 10.2174/0929867326666190716125456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2019] [Revised: 07/01/2019] [Accepted: 07/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Thymosin Beta-4 (Tβ4) is known as a major pleiotropic actin-sequestering protein that is involved in tumorigenesis. Tβ4 is a water-soluble protein that has different promising clinical applications in the remodeling and ulcerated tissues repair following myocardial infarction, stroke, plasticity and neurovascular remodeling of the Peripheral Nervous System (PNS) and the Central Nervous System (CNS). On the other hand, similar effects have been observed for Tβ4 in other kinds of tissues, including cardiac muscle tissue. In recent reports, as it activates resident epicardial progenitor cells and modulates inflammatory-caused injuries, Tβ4 has been suggested as a promoter of the survival of cardiomyocytes. Furthermore, Tβ4 may act in skeletal muscle and different organs in association/synergism with numerous other tissue repair stimulating factors, including melatonin and C-fiber-derived peptides. For these reasons, the present review highlights the promising role of Tβ4 in cardiac healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geir Bjørklund
- Council for Nutritional and Environmental Medicine, Mo i Rana, Norway
| | - Maryam Dadar
- Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran
| | - Jan Aaseth
- Research Department, Innlandet Hospital Trust, Brumunddal, Norway,Inland Norway University of Applied Sciences, Elverum, Norway
| | - Salvatore Chirumbolo
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences,
University of Verona, Verona, Italy
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5
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Naaz S, Mishra S, Pal PK, Chattopadhyay A, Das AR, Bandyopadhyay D. Activation of SIRT1/PGC 1α/SIRT3 pathway by melatonin provides protection against mitochondrial dysfunction in isoproterenol induced myocardial injury. Heliyon 2020; 6:e05159. [PMID: 33088945 PMCID: PMC7567935 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e05159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2020] [Revised: 08/16/2020] [Accepted: 10/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS Preventing mitochondrial dysfunction and enhancing mitochondrial health and biogenesis is a crucial therapeutic approach to ameliorate injury following acute myocardial infarction. Although the antioxidant role of melatonin against ischemia/reperfusion injury has been reported, the exact mechanism of protection, in vivo, remains poorly understood. This study aims to identify and elaborate upon mechanism of melatonin protection of rat cardiac mitochondria against acute myocardial infarction. MAIN METHODS Rats were pre-treated with melatonin (10 mg/kg body weight (b.w.); intraperitoneally, i.p.) before isoproterenol bitartrate (ISO) administration (25 mg/kg body weight (b.w.) subcutaneously,s.c.) and their effect on rat heart mitochondrial structure and function was studied. Biochemical changes in activity of biomarkers of oxidative stress, antioxidant enzymes as well as Krebs' cycle enzymes were analyzed. Gene expression studies and Isothermal titration calorimetric studies with pure catalase and ISO were also carried out. KEY FINDINGS Melatonin was shown to reduce ISO induced oxidative stress, by stimulating superoxide dismutase activity and removing the inhibition of Krebs' cycle enzymes. Herein we report for the first time in rat model that melatonin activates the SIRT1-PGC-1α-SIRT3 signaling pathways after ISO administration, which ultimately induces mitochondrial biogenesis. Melatonin exhibited significant protection of mitochondrial architecture and topology along with increased calcium ion permeability and reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation induced by ISO. Isothermal calorimetric studies revealed that melatonin binds to ISO molecules and sequesters them from the reaction thereby limiting their interaction with catalase along with occupying the binding sites of catalase themselves. SIGNIFICANCE Activation of SIRT1-PGC-1α-SIRT3 pathway by melatonin along with its biophysical properties prevents ISO induced mitochondrial injury in rat heart.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shamreen Naaz
- Department of Physiology, Oxidative Stress and Free Radical Biology Laboratory, University of Calcutta, University College of Science and Technology, 92, APC Road, Kolkata 700 009, West Bengal, India
- Department of Physiology, Vidyasagar College for Women, Kolkata 700 006, India
| | - Sanatan Mishra
- Department of Physiology, Oxidative Stress and Free Radical Biology Laboratory, University of Calcutta, University College of Science and Technology, 92, APC Road, Kolkata 700 009, West Bengal, India
- Department of Physiology, Vidyasagar College, Kolkata 700 006, India
| | - Palash K. Pal
- Department of Physiology, Oxidative Stress and Free Radical Biology Laboratory, University of Calcutta, University College of Science and Technology, 92, APC Road, Kolkata 700 009, West Bengal, India
| | | | - Asish R. Das
- Department of Chemistry, University of Calcutta, University College of Science and Technology, 92, APC Road, Kolkata 700 009, West Bengal, India
| | - Debasish Bandyopadhyay
- Department of Physiology, Oxidative Stress and Free Radical Biology Laboratory, University of Calcutta, University College of Science and Technology, 92, APC Road, Kolkata 700 009, West Bengal, India
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6
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Jafari‐Vayghan H, Saleh‐Ghadimi S, Maleki V, Moludi J, Alizadeh M. The effects of melatonin on neurohormonal regulation in cardiac cachexia: A mechanistic review. J Cell Biochem 2019; 120:16340-16351. [DOI: 10.1002/jcb.29151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2019] [Revised: 05/15/2019] [Accepted: 05/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hamed Jafari‐Vayghan
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Science Tabriz University of Medical Sciences Tabriz Iran
- Nutrition Research Center, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Sciences Tabriz University of Medical Sciences Tabriz Iran
- Student Research Committee Tabriz University of Medical Sciences Tabriz Iran
| | - Sevda Saleh‐Ghadimi
- Student Research Committee Tabriz University of Medical Sciences Tabriz Iran
| | - Vahid Maleki
- Student Research Committee Tabriz University of Medical Sciences Tabriz Iran
| | - Jalal Moludi
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences Kermanshah Iran
| | - Mohammad Alizadeh
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Science Tabriz University of Medical Sciences Tabriz Iran
- Nutrition Research Center, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Sciences Tabriz University of Medical Sciences Tabriz Iran
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7
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Abstract
Melatonin is involved in regulation of a variety of physiologic functions, including circadian rhythm, reproduction, mood, and immune function. Exogenous melatonin has demonstrated many clinical effects. Numerous clinical studies have documented improved sleep quality following administration of exogenous melatonin. Recent studies also demonstrate the analgesic, anxiolytic, antiinflammatory, and antioxidative effects of melatonin. This article reviews the principal properties of melatonin and how these could find clinical applications in care of the critically ill patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annachiara Marra
- Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences, University of Naples, Federico II, Via S. Pansini 5, Naples 80138, Italy
| | - Tracy J McGrane
- Department of Anesthesiology, Division of Anesthesiology Critical Care Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, 1211 21st Avenue South, Medical Arts Building, Suite 422, Nashville, TN 37212, USA
| | - Christopher Patrick Henson
- Department of Anesthesiology, Division of Anesthesiology Critical Care Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, 1211 21st Avenue South, Medical Arts Building, Suite 422, Nashville, TN 37212, USA
| | - Pratik P Pandharipande
- Department of Anesthesiology, Division of Anesthesiology Critical Care Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, 1211 21st Avenue South, Medical Arts Building, Suite 422, Nashville, TN 37212, USA.
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8
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Nie J, George K, Duan F, Tong TK, Tian Y. Histological evidence for reversible cardiomyocyte changes and serum cardiac troponin T elevation after exercise in rats. Physiol Rep 2017; 4:4/24/e13083. [PMID: 28003565 PMCID: PMC5210385 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.13083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2016] [Revised: 11/22/2016] [Accepted: 11/23/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
This study characterized cardiac troponin T (cTnT) appearance and associated histological evidence of reversible or irreversible changes in myocardial ultrastructure, determined via electron microscopy, in rats undertaking isoproterenol (ISO) infusion or an endurance exercise challenge. Male rats were randomized into ISO and exercise groups. In ISO trials rats were killed 5 h (ISO‐5H) and 24 h (ISO‐REC19H) after a single ISO or saline injection (SAL‐5H; SAL‐REC19H). In the exercise trials rats were killed before, as a control (EXE‐CON), immediately after (EXE‐END5H) and 19 h after (EXE‐REC19H) a 5‐h bout of swimming with 5% body weight attached to their tail. Serum cTnT was quantified by electrochemiluminescence, and myocardial samples in ISO‐REC19H, EXE‐REC19H and SAL‐REC19H were harvested for assessment of specific mitochondrial injury scores using electron‐microscopy. cTnT was undetectable in all control animals (SAL‐5H/SAL‐REC19H and EXE‐CON). cTnT increased in all animals after ISO and exercise but the response was significantly higher (P < 0.05) at ISO‐5H (median [range]: 2.60 [1.76–6.18] μg · L−1) than at EXE‐END5H (median [range]: 0.05 [0.02–0.14] μg · L−1). cTnT returned to baseline at EXE‐REC19H, but had not completely recovered at ISO‐REC19H (median [range]: 0.17 [0.09–1.22] μg · L−1). Mitochondrial “injury scores” were significantly higher (P < 0.05) in ISO‐REC19H compared to EXE‐REC19H and SAL‐REC19H, with no difference between EXE‐REC19H and SAL‐REC19H. Mitochondria from EXE‐REC19H appeared aggregated in nonlinear clusters in a small number of scans. These findings suggest that acute exercise‐induced appearance of cTnT in this animal model is only associated with reversible changes in cardiomyocyte structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinlei Nie
- School of Physical Education and Sports, Macao Polytechnic Institute, Macao, China
| | - Keith George
- Research Institute for Sport and Exercise Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Fei Duan
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Hebei University, Hebei, China
| | - Tomas K Tong
- Dr. Stephen Hui Research Centre for Physical Recreation and Wellness, Department of Physical Education, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Ye Tian
- China Institute of Sport Science, Beijing, China
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9
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Xiong FY, Tang ST, Su H, Tang HQ, Jiang P, Zhou Q, Wang Y, Zhu HQ. Melatonin ameliorates myocardial apoptosis by suppressing endoplasmic reticulum stress in rats with long‑term diabetic cardiomyopathy. Mol Med Rep 2017; 17:374-381. [PMID: 29115422 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2017.7841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2016] [Accepted: 08/24/2017] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
The effects of melatonin (MLT), which exerts cardioprotective effects against myocardial apoptosis, in long‑term diabetic cardiomyopathy are not currently well defined. The present study aimed to investigate how MLT protects the heart through modulating myocardial apoptosis in rats with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM). In total, 36 rats were randomly divided into three groups, including control (n=12), DM (n=12) and DM + MLT (n=12) groups. The results demonstrated that, in DM rats, a significant increase was observed in the serum fasting blood glucose and lipid levels, in addition to insulin resistance and cardiac dysfunction, which were attenuated in DM rats treated with MLT. Additionally, cellular apoptosis in rats with DM was increased, and the expression of Bcl‑2 was downregulated, while levels of Bcl‑2‑associated X and caspase‑3 were upregulated, and these observations were reversed by MLT, as determined by TUNEL and western blot analysis, respectively. As increased endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress induced by hyperglycemia is reported to be a factor for apoptosis, the present study also determined the expression of proteins associated with ER stress in cardiac tissues following MLT treatment by western blotting. The results further indicated that MLT decreased the expression of ER stress hallmarks, including CCAAT/enhancer‑binding protein homologous protein, glucose‑regulated protein 78, protein kinase RNA‑like endoplasmic reticulum kinase (PERK) and activating transcription factor 6α in cardiac tissues. In conclusion, the results of the present study indicate that MLT may protect heart by ameliorating cardiac ER stress‑induced apoptosis in diabetic cardiomyopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang-Yuan Xiong
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Department of Biochemistry, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, P.R. China
| | - Song-Tao Tang
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, P.R. China
| | - Huan Su
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Department of Biochemistry, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, P.R. China
| | - Hai-Qin Tang
- Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, P.R. China
| | - Pin Jiang
- Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, P.R. China
| | - Qing Zhou
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Department of Biochemistry, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, P.R. China
| | - Yuan Wang
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Department of Biochemistry, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, P.R. China
| | - Hua-Qing Zhu
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Department of Biochemistry, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, P.R. China
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10
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Asghari MH, Moloudizargari M, Baeeri M, Baghaei A, Rahimifard M, Solgi R, Jafari A, Aminjan HH, Hassani S, Moghadamnia AA, Ostad SN, Abdollahi M. On the mechanisms of melatonin in protection of aluminum phosphide cardiotoxicity. Arch Toxicol 2017; 91:3109-3120. [PMID: 28551710 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-017-1998-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2017] [Accepted: 05/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Aluminum phosphide (AlP), one of the most commonly used pesticides worldwide, has been the leading cause of self-poisoning mortalities among many Asian countries. The heart is the main organ affected in AlP poisoning. Melatonin has been previously shown to be beneficial in reversing toxic changes in the heart. The present study reveals evidence on the probable protective effects of melatonin on AlP-induced cardiotoxicity in rats. The study groups included a control (almond oil only), ethanol 5% (solvent), sole melatonin (50 mg/kg), AlP (16.7 mg/kg), and 4 AlP + melatonin groups which received 20, 30, 40 and 50 mg/kg of melatonin by intraperitoneal injections following AlP treatment. An electronic cardiovascular monitoring device was used to record the electrocardiographic (ECG) parameters. Heart tissues were studied in terms of oxidative stress biomarkers, mitochondrial complexes activities, ADP/ATP ratio and apoptosis. Abnormal ECG records as well as declined heart rate and blood pressure were found to be related to AlP administration. Based on the results, melatonin was highly effective in controlling AlP-induced changes in the study groups. Significant improvements were observed in the activities of mitochondrial complexes, oxidative stress biomarkers, the activities of caspases 3 and 9, and ADP/ATP ratio following treatment with melatonin at doses of 40 and 50 mg/kg. Our results indicate that melatonin can counteract the AlP-induced oxidative damage in the heart. This is mainly done by maintaining the normal balance of intracellular ATP as well as the prevention of oxidative damage. Further research is warranted to evaluate the possibility of using melatonin as an antidote in AlP poisoning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Hossein Asghari
- Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Milad Moloudizargari
- Student Research Committee, Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Baeeri
- Toxicology and Diseases Group, Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, 1417614411, Iran
| | - Amir Baghaei
- Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
| | - Mahban Rahimifard
- Toxicology and Diseases Group, Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, 1417614411, Iran
| | - Reza Solgi
- Legal Medicine Research Center, Legal Medicine Organization of Iran, Hamedan, Iran
| | - Abbas Jafari
- Department of Occupational Health, School of Public Health, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Hamed Haghi Aminjan
- Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shokoufeh Hassani
- Toxicology and Diseases Group, Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, 1417614411, Iran
| | - Ali Akbar Moghadamnia
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Seyed Nasser Ostad
- Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Abdollahi
- Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. .,Toxicology and Diseases Group, Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, 1417614411, Iran.
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Troxerutin Preconditioning and Ischemic Postconditioning Modulate Inflammatory Response after Myocardial Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury in Rat Model. Inflammation 2016; 40:136-143. [DOI: 10.1007/s10753-016-0462-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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12
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Melatonin effects on myocardial ischemia–reperfusion injury: Impact on the outcome in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting surgery. Int J Cardiol 2016; 221:977-86. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2016.07.108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2016] [Revised: 07/04/2016] [Accepted: 07/07/2016] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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13
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Role of calcitonin gene-related peptide in cardioprotection of short-term and long-term exercise preconditioning. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 2015; 64:53-9. [PMID: 24566463 DOI: 10.1097/fjc.0000000000000089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To examine the role of calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) in cardioprotection of short-term and long-term exercise preconditioning (EP). METHODS Male Sprague-Dawley rats were, respectively, subjected to continuous intermittent treadmill training 3 days or 3 weeks as short-term or long-term EP protocols. The myocardial injury induced by isoproterenol (ISO) was performed 24 hours after short-term and long-term EP. The myocardial injury was evaluated in terms of the serum cardiac troponin levels and the hematoxylin-basic fuchsin-picric acid staining. Additionally, serum CGRP levels, CGRP expression in the dorsal root ganglion (DRG), and heart were analyzed as possible mechanisms to explain short-term and long-term EP-induced cardioprotection. RESULTS Both short-term and long-term EP markedly attenuated the isoproterenol-induced myocardial ischemia with lower serum cardiac troponin levels. Short-term EP does not alter serum CGRP levels and CGRP expression in the DRG and heart. Long-term EP significantly increases serum CGRP levels and CGRP expression in the DRG and heart. CONCLUSIONS The results indicate that short-term EP does not increase the synthesis and release of CGRP. Therefore, the cardioprotective effect of short-term EP does not involve CGRP adaptation. Furthermore, long-term EP increases CGRP synthesis in the DRG and promotes CGRP release in the blood and heart. Hence, CGRP may play an important role in the cardioprotective effect of long-term EP.
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Barbosa Dos Santos G, Machado Rodrigues MJ, Gonçalves EM, Cintra Gomes Marcondes MC, Areas MA. Melatonin reduces oxidative stress and cardiovascular changes induced by stanozolol in rats exposed to swimming exercise. Eurasian J Med 2015; 45:155-62. [PMID: 25610273 DOI: 10.5152/eajm.2013.33] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2013] [Accepted: 06/08/2013] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Anabolic-androgenic steroids (AAS) are nominated for clinical use to promote protein synthesis in many therapeutic conditions. However, the indiscriminate use of AAS is related to hazardous cardiac disturbances and oxidative stress. We designed a study to investigate whether prolonged treatment with high doses of stanozolol modifies the activities of some antioxidant enzymes in the heart in sedentary and trained rats and whether this treatment causes alterations of cardiovascular parameters. In addition, the effectiveness of melatonin as an antioxidant and as a modulator of the cardiovascular side effects of stanozolol (STA) treatment was analyzed. MATERIALS AND METHODS Thirty male Wistar rats were divided into the following six groups: sedentary (S), stanozolol sedentary (SS), stanozolol-melatonin sedentary (SMS), trained (T), stanozolol trained (ST) and stanozolol-melatonin trained (SMT). The stanozolol-treatment rats received 5 mg.kg(-1) by subcutaneous injection before each exercise session (5 d.wk(-1), i.e., 25 mg.kg(-1).wk(-1)), while control groups received only saline solution injection. The melatonin-treatment groups received intraperitoneal injections of melatonin (10 mg.kg(-1)), 5 d.wk(-1) for 6 wk. Electrocardiography, blood pressure and antioxidant enzyme activity measurements were performed at the end of the experimental period for cardiac function and molecular assessment. RESULTS This is the first time that the in vivo effects of melatonin treatment on stanozolol-induced cardiovascular side effects have been studied. Stanozolol induced bradycardia and significantly increased cardiac superoxide dismutase and catalase activities. Trained stanozolol-treated rats experienced an increase in blood pressure and relative heart weight, and they developed left cardiac axis deviation. Although melatonin did not prevent cardiac hypertrophy in exercised stanozolol-treated animals, it maintained blood pressure and cardiac catalase activity, and it prevented stanozolol-induced cardiac electrical axis deviation. CONCLUSION In conclusion, under our experimental conditions, chronic stanozolol administration induced mild cardiovascular side effects that were partly attenuated by melatonin treatment. However, these results showed that the combination of melatonin and exercise could minimize the stanozolol side effects in the cardiovascular system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gustavo Barbosa Dos Santos
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marcelo José Machado Rodrigues
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Estela Maria Gonçalves
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Miguel Arcanjo Areas
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
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15
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Protective effect of melatonin against myocardial injury induced by epinephrine. J Physiol Biochem 2015; 71:43-9. [DOI: 10.1007/s13105-014-0377-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2014] [Accepted: 12/23/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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16
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O'Brien PJ. Blood cardiac troponin in toxic myocardial injury: archetype of a translational safety biomarker. Expert Rev Mol Diagn 2014; 6:685-702. [PMID: 17009904 DOI: 10.1586/14737159.6.5.685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
A translational safety biomarker for toxic myocardial injury is needed in drug discovery and development. This need reflects the increasing recognition of occurrence of cardiotoxicities, prior lack of preclinical blood biomarkers for toxic cardiac injury, introduction of troponin as a biomarker, and regulatory and industry drivers. Cardiac troponin is considered the gold-standard biomarker in humans for cardiac injury due to ischemic injury and drug toxicity. It has been demonstrated to correlate highly with histopathological extent of injury, degree of impairment of cardiac function, and prognosis. Numerous studies have now clearly demonstrated that both cardiac troponin T and cardiac troponin I are sensitive and specific biomarkers of cardiac injury in laboratory animals. Their use is highly recommended for incorporation into preclinical drug-safety studies, especially whenever there is any history of cardiac effect in prior studies with a compound of the same or similar chemical or pharmacological class. The main caveats with respect to cross-species use of specific cardiac troponin assays are the need for species-specific validation, definition of cut-offs based on relevant assessments of imprecision and reference ranges or concurrent controls, and knowledge of the species-dependent kinetics of release into, and clearance from, the blood. Future development of high-sensitivity assays should determine whether minimal increases below a threshold concentration of troponin might reflect reversible myocardial effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter James O'Brien
- Sandwich Laboratories, Pfizer Global Research and Development, Sandwich, Kent, CT13 9NJ, UK.
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17
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Cardioprotective effect of Lagenaria siceraria (LS) fruit powder in isoprenalin-induced cardiotoxicity in rats. Eur J Integr Med 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eujim.2010.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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18
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Cardioprotective effect of melatonin against isoproterenol induced myocardial infarction in rats: A biochemical, electrocardiographic and histoarchitectural evaluation. Eur J Pharmacol 2010; 644:160-8. [PMID: 20624385 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2010.06.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 157] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2010] [Revised: 06/10/2010] [Accepted: 06/24/2010] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The present study was designed to investigate the cardioprotective effect of melatonin against isoproterenol induced myocardial infarction in rats by studying myocyte injury markers, antioxidant defense system, serum and heart lipid profile, inflammatory markers, electrocardiographic and histopathological changes. Male Sprague Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into four groups, namely control, melatonin, isoproterenol and melatonin+isoproterenol treated group. Melatonin treatment group received melatonin (10mg/kg/day, i.p.) for 7days. Myocardial infarction in rats was induced by isoproterenol administration (150mg/kg, s.c.) at an interval of 24h on 6th and 7th day. On 8th day ECG, gravimetric, biochemical and histopathological parameters were assessed. Isoproterenol administration showed changes in ECG pattern, including ST-segment elevation (diagnostic of myocardial infarction) increase in the serum levels of cardiac injury markers (creatine kinase-MB, lactate dehydrogenase, aspartate transaminase and alanine transaminase), decreased antioxidant defense system in the heart and altered lipid profile in the serum and heart. Isoproterenol administration also resulted in release of inflammatory markers and neutrophil infiltration along with histopathological changes. Melatonin pre-co-treatment prevented almost all the parameters of isoproterenol induced myocardial infarction in rats. The above finding was confirmed by the histopathological examination. In the baseline group (melatonin alone treated group) no significant change was observed. Results of the present study suggest that melatonin has a significant effect on the protection of the heart against isoproterenol induced myocardial infarction through maintaining endogenous antioxidant enzyme activities.
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Mukherjee D, Roy SG, Bandyopadhyay A, Chattopadhyay A, Basu A, Mitra E, Ghosh AK, Reiter RJ, Bandyopadhyay D. Melatonin protects against isoproterenol-induced myocardial injury in the rat: antioxidative mechanisms. J Pineal Res 2010; 48:251-262. [PMID: 20210856 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-079x.2010.00749.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
The present study was undertaken to explore the protective effect of melatonin against isoproterenol bitartrate (ISO)-induced myocardial injury in rat. Treatment of rats with ISO increased the level of lipid peroxidation products and decreased the reduced glutathione levels in cardiac tissue indicating that this synthetic catecholamine induces oxidative damage following oxidative stress. Pretreatment of ISO-injected rats with melatonin at a dose of 10 mg/kg body weight, i.p. prevented these changes. Additionally, melatonin also restored the activities and the levels of antioxidant enzymes which were found to be altered by ISO treatment. Treatment of rats with ISO resulted into an increased generation of hydroxyl radicals with melatonin pretreatment significantly reducing their production. Finally, treatment of rats with ISO caused a lowering of systolic pressure with reduced cardiac output and diastolic dysfunction whereas melatonin pretreatment significantly restored many of these parameters to normal. The findings document melatonin's ability to provide cardio protection at a low pharmacological dose. Melatonin has virtually no toxicity which raises the possibility of this indole being a therapeutic treatment for ischemic heart disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debasri Mukherjee
- Oxidative Stress and Free Radical Biology Laboratory, Department of Physiology, University of Calcutta, University College of Science and Technology, Kolkata, India
| | - Sreerupa Ghose Roy
- Molecular Endocrinology Laboratory, Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata, India
| | - Arun Bandyopadhyay
- Molecular Endocrinology Laboratory, Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata, India
| | | | - Anjali Basu
- Oxidative Stress and Free Radical Biology Laboratory, Department of Physiology, University of Calcutta, University College of Science and Technology, Kolkata, India
| | - Elina Mitra
- Oxidative Stress and Free Radical Biology Laboratory, Department of Physiology, University of Calcutta, University College of Science and Technology, Kolkata, India
| | - Arnab Kr Ghosh
- Oxidative Stress and Free Radical Biology Laboratory, Department of Physiology, University of Calcutta, University College of Science and Technology, Kolkata, India
| | - Russel J Reiter
- Department of Cellular and Structural Biology, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Debasish Bandyopadhyay
- Oxidative Stress and Free Radical Biology Laboratory, Department of Physiology, University of Calcutta, University College of Science and Technology, Kolkata, India
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Ghorbanihaghjo A, Argani H, Foroughimoghaddam H, Safa J, Rashtchizadeh N, Mesgari M. Effect of isoproterenol on cyclosporine-induced nephrotoxicity in rat. Transplant Proc 2009; 40:3737-41. [PMID: 19100478 DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2008.06.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2007] [Revised: 02/13/2008] [Accepted: 06/18/2008] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oxidative stress is the main mechanism resulting in cyclosporine-induced nephrotoxicity. Because of its ability to stimulate endogenous melatonin production, isoproterenol is one of the most powerful antioxidant drugs. In this study, we sought to determine the effect of isoproterenol on cyclosporine-induced nephrotoxicity in rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS Thirty two young male Wistar rats were divided into four groups: of group A were controls that received placebo; group B, received intraperitoneal isoproterenol (20 mg/kg/d) alone; group C, intravenous cyclosporine (15 mg/kg/d) alone; and group D, both drugs simultaneously at the same doses and durations namely cyclosporine 1 week after administration of isoproterenol. Blood samples to measure serum urea, creatinine, and melatonin levels were drawn four times for each group: before injection, at the mid period of treatment, at the end of treatment, and 1 week after the last injections. RESULTS Isoproterenol increased mean serum melatonin level in groups B and D rats (P < .05). With regard to deteriorated renal function [DRF = (urea + creatinine)/2], administration of cyclosporine with (group D) or without (group C) isoproterenol was associated with decreased renal function (P < .05), although it was more perturbed in the latter instance. Measured DRF at the middle and the end of drug administration periods of A and B (revealed significant differences compared with groups C and D; P < .05). DISCUSSION Although cyclosporine-induced nephrotoxicity is not completely eliminated by isoproterenol, the latter showed some protective effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Ghorbanihaghjo
- Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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21
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Genade S, Genis A, Ytrehus K, Huisamen B, Lochner A. Melatonin receptor-mediated protection against myocardial ischaemia/reperfusion injury: role of its anti-adrenergic actions. J Pineal Res 2008; 45:449-58. [PMID: 18691357 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-079x.2008.00615.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Melatonin has potent cardioprotective properties. These actions have been attributed to its free radical scavenging and anti-oxidant actions, but may also be receptor mediated. Melatonin also exerts powerful anti-adrenergic actions based on its effects on contractility of isolated papillary muscles. The aims of this study were to determine whether melatonin also has anti-adrenergic effects on the isolated perfused rat heart, to determine the mechanism thereof and to establish whether these actions contribute to protection of the heart during ischaemia/reperfusion. The results showed that melatonin (50 microM) caused a significant reduction in both isoproterenol (10(-7) M) and forskolin (10(-6) M) induced cAMP production and that both these responses were melatonin receptor dependent, since the blocker, luzindole (5 x 10(-6) M) abolished this effect. Nitric oxide (NO), as well as guanylyl cyclase are involved, as L-NAME (50 microM), an NO synthase inhibitor and ODQ (20 microM), a guanylyl cyclase inhibitor, significantly counteracted the effects of melatonin. Protein kinase C (PKC), as indicated by the use of the inhibitor bisindolylmaleimide (50 microM), also play a role in melatonin's anti-adrenergic actions. These actions of melatonin are involved in its cardioprotection: simultaneous administration of L-NAME or ODQ with melatonin, before and after 35 min regional ischaemia, completely abolished its cardioprotection. PKC, on the other hand, had no effect on the melatonin-induced reduction in infarct size. Cardioprotection by melatonin was associated with a significant activation of PKB/Akt and attenuated activation of the pro-apoptotic kinase, p38MAPK during early reperfusion. In summary, the results show that melatonin-induced cardioprotection may be receptor dependent, and that its anti-adrenergic actions, mediated by NOS and guanylyl cyclase activation, are important contributors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonia Genade
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Division of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Stellenbosch, Tygerberg, South Africa
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O'Brien PJ. Cardiac troponin is the most effective translational safety biomarker for myocardial injury in cardiotoxicity. Toxicology 2007; 245:206-18. [PMID: 18249481 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2007.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 135] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2007] [Accepted: 12/07/2007] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
There is an overwhelming weight of evidence that certifies cardiac troponin (cTn) as the preferred, defacto, translational, safety biomarker for myocardial injury in cardiotoxicity. As well as being the gold standard for cardiac injury in man, it has been widely used for clinical assessment and monitoring of cardiac toxicity in humans being treated for cancer. Furthermore, several dozen preclinical published studies have directly confirmed its effectiveness in laboratory animals for assessment of cardiotoxicity. It is gradually being reverse translated from human into animal use as a safety biomarker. Its use is especially merited whenever there is any safety signal indicating potential cardiotoxicity and its required inclusion as a routine biomarker in preclinical safety studies seems on the horizon. There are some considerations that are unique to use of cTn assays in animals. Lack of awareness of these has, historically, significantly inhibited the introduction of cTn as a safety biomarker in preclinical toxicology. Firstly, cross-species reactivity is usually but not always high. Secondly, there is a background of cardiac injury that needs to be controlled for, including spontaneous cardiomyopathy in Sprague Dawley rats, and inappropriate blood collection methods. Also, there are faster kinetics of clearance in rats than for humans. Also, coincident muscle injury is frequent with cardiotoxicity and requires a skeletal muscle biomarker. Because cTn assays were developed for detection of gross cardiac necrosis, such as occurs with myocardial infarct, the more sensitive assays should be used for preclinical studies. However, analytic sensitivity is higher for standard preclinical studies than for clinical diagnostic testing because of use of concurrent controls and use of batch analysis that eliminates interassay variability. No other biomarker of myocardial injury comes close to cTn in effectiveness, including CK-MB, LDH-1 and 2, myoglobin, and FABP3. In addition to the use of cTn for monitoring active myocardial degeneration, there is growing evidence that measurements of brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) may be effective for monitoring drug-induced left ventricular dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter James O'Brien
- Room 013 Veterinary Sciences Centre, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland.
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Potent Protective Effects of Isoproterenol Stimulating Secreted Melatonin on Experimental Spinal Cord Injury in Rat. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007. [DOI: 10.1097/wnq.0b013e3180621d94] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Hasić S, Jadrić R, Kiseljaković E, Mornjaković Z, Winterhalter-Jadrić M. Troponin T and histological characteristics of rat myocardial infarction induced by isoproterenol. Bosn J Basic Med Sci 2007; 7:212-7. [PMID: 17848144 PMCID: PMC5736110 DOI: 10.17305/bjbms.2007.3046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In our investigation,we used short-time model of myocardial infarction of rats induced by high dose of isoproterenol (ISP). We investigated cardiac troponin T blood level (cTnT) and histological characteristics of rat myocardium. ISP, single, intraperitoneal dose 250 mg/kg was given to male, adult, Wistar rats (n=12). Rats were distributed depending on their body weight in subgroups: ISP I (BW 260-280g) and ISP II (BW 250-400g).Control group (n=9) was treated with intraperitoneal dose of 0,95% NaCl. Cardiac TnT was measured by electrochemiluminiscence (ECLA) sandwich immunoassay in rat serum 4 hours after ISP application. Rats' hearts were dissected and examined by qualitative histological method (HE). Statistical significance was set at 0,05. There was significant difference in cTnT of ISP II (p=0,0001) vs. control and ISP I (p<0,05) vs. control. Significant difference was between ISP I and ISP II subgroups (p<0.001). The accent of histological changes of myocardium was on nuclei of cell. Cells showed acidophilic changes and nuclei disappearance as signs of coagulative necrosis development. Extensivity of histological changes were different between ISP I and ISP II subgroup. Used dose of ISP induced development of myocardial necrosis in rats. Subendocardial portion of myocardium was more vulnerability than subepicardial portion. Rats of ISP II had more extensive histological changes than these in ISP I. Administered doses of ISP enabled cTnT utilization as a marker of myocardial necrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabaheta Hasić
- Institute for Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Sarajevo, Cekalusa 90, 71000 Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina
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Abstract
Melatonin, acting through melatonin receptors, is involved in numerous physiological processes including circadian entrainment, blood pressure regulation, oncogenesis, retinal physiology, seasonal reproduction, ovarian physiology, immune function and most recently in inducing osteoblast differentiation. Moreover, melatonin was proved to be a potent-free radical scavenger and a broad-spectrum antioxidant. More research is required into the effects of therapeutically modulating the melatoninergic system on circadian haemodynamics and rhythm under varying physiopathological conditions and the possible impact on morbidity and mortality in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Altun
- Department of Cardiology, Medical School, Trakya University, Edirne, Turkey.
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Bourne RS, Mills GH. Melatonin: possible implications for the postoperative and critically ill patient. Intensive Care Med 2006; 32:371-9. [PMID: 16477412 DOI: 10.1007/s00134-005-0061-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2005] [Accepted: 12/26/2005] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
There is increasing interest in the hormone melatonin in postoperative and critically ill patients. The roles of melatonin in the regulation of the sleep-wake cycle, resetting of circadian rhythm disturbances and its extensive antioxidant activity have potential applications in these patient groups. The interaction between melatonin and the stresses of surgery and critical illness are explored in the context of circadian rhythms, sleep disorders and delirium. The antioxidant activity is discussed in terms of the reduction of ischaemic reperfusion injury, prevention of multi-organ failure and treatment of sepsis. Unfortunately, there is currently insufficient evidence that exogenous melatonin is effective in preventing or treating postoperative delirium. Similarly, in the critically ill patient, sleep disorders are associated with disrupted melatonin circadian secretion, but there is a paucity of data to support routine exogenous melatonin supplementation. More clinical evidence to confirm the potential benefits of melatonin therapy is required before it can be routinely used in the postoperative or critically ill patient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard S Bourne
- Royal Hallamshire Hospital, Intensive Care Unit, R Floor, Glossop Road, S10 2JF, Sheffield, UK.
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