Configural learning in two species of marsupial (Setonix brachyurus and Sminthopsis crassicaudata)

The utility of the transverse patterning task as a measure of configural learning in a college sample

This study examined the transverse patterning task, a three-phase problem developed to explore deficits in configural learning. Phases 1 and 2 of transverse patterning require elemental associations to solve the task, whereas Phase 3 requires a configural association. One hundred and sixteen college participants completed four tasks: transverse patterning, free recall memory, recognition memory, and mental rotation. Results indicated that approximately 75% of participants successfully completed all three phases of the transverse patterning task. Further, the number of trials required to meet criterion on Phases 1 and 2 significantly differed from the number of trials needed to meet criterion for Phase 3. Transverse patterning was correlated with the mental rotation, but not to either of the memory tasks; the memory tasks were significantly correlated with one another. Findings suggest that this version of transverse patterning shows promise for use in future studies.

Detour behavior in the Quokka (Setonix brachyurus)

Four quokkas (Setonix brachyurus) were tested in their natural environment for the ability to progress around a barrier to a desired goal object (food). Symmetrical and asymmetrical barriers were used with different lengths of side arm. Three quokkas showed significant tendencies to progress either left or right around the barrier, though this laterality declined as the length of the side arm of the barrier was extended. One quokka showed no behavioral laterality and this animal was also the only one to show spatial reasoning (spontaneous selection of the shorter route on first presentation of the asymmetrical barrier) as opposed to spatial learning (progressive improvement in choice of the shorter route with repeated experience).