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Hackethal J, Dungel P, Teuschl AH. Frequently used strategies to isolate ECM proteins from human placenta and adipose tissue. Tissue Eng Part C Methods 2021; 27:649-660. [PMID: 34751590 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tec.2021.0150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The natural extracellular matrix (ECM) provides the optimal environment for cells. Many enzymatic or non-enzymatic based strategies to extract ECM proteins from tissues were published over the last years. However, every single isolation strategy reported so far is associated with specific bottlenecks. Experiment: In this study, frequently used strategies to isolate extracellular matrix (ECM) from human placenta or adipose tissue using Tris-, serum, or pepsin-based buffers were compared. The resulting ECM proteins were biochemically characterized by analysis of cellular remnants using HOECHST DNA staining, glycosaminoglycan (GAG) content by dimethylemethylene blue (DMMB), visualization of protein bands using SDS PAGE analysis combined with amino acid quantification and assessment of the pro-angiogenic profile using an angiogenesis array. RESULTS Tris-NaCl extracted ECM proteins showed a high heterogenic degree of extracted proteins, bioactive growth factors and GAGS, but no collagen-I. Active serum extracted ECM showed significant lower DNA remnants when compared to the Tris-NaCl isolation strategy. Pepsin-extracted ECM was rich in collagen-I and low amounts of remaining bioactive growth factors. This strategy was most effective to reduce DNA amounts when compared to the other isolation strategies. Pepsin-extracted ECM from both tissues easily gelled at 37°C, whereas the other extracted ECM strategies did not gel at 37°C (Tris-NaCl: liquid; serum: sponge). CONCLUSIONS All relevant characteristics (DNA residues, ECM diversity and bioactivity, shape) of the extracted ECM proteins highly depend on its isolation strategy and could still be optimized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johannes Hackethal
- THT Biomaterials, Vienna, Austria.,Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, Vienna, Austria;
| | - Peter Dungel
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Experimental and Clinical Traumatology, 497572, Vienna, Austria.,Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, Vienna, Austria;
| | - Andreas Herbert Teuschl
- University of Applied Sciences Technikum Wien, Department of Biochemical Engineering, Vienna, Austria.,Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, Vienna, Austria;
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Hackethal J, Weihs AM, Karner L, Metzger M, Dungel P, Hennerbichler S, Redl H, Teuschl-Woller AH. Novel Human Placenta-Based Extract for Vascularization Strategies in Tissue Engineering. Tissue Eng Part C Methods 2021; 27:616-632. [PMID: 34714165 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tec.2021.0173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
There is critical unmet need for new vascularized tissues to support or replace injured tissues and organs. Various synthetic and natural materials were already established for use of two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) in vitro neovascularization assays, however, they still cannot mimic the complex functions of the sum of the extracellular matrix (ECM) in native intact tissue. Currently, this issue is only addressed by artificial products such as Matrigel™, which comprises a complex mixture of ECM proteins, extracted from animal tumor tissue. Despite its outstanding bioactivity, the isolation from tumor tissue hinders its translation into clinical applications. Since nonhuman ECM proteins may cause immune reactions, as are frequently observed in clinical trials, human ECM proteins represent the best option when aiming for clinical applications. Here, we describe an effective method of isolating a human placenta substrate (hpS) that induces the spontaneous formation of an interconnected network of green fluorescence-labeled human umbilical vein endothelial cells (gfpHUVECs) in vitro. The substrate was biochemically characterized by using a combination of bicinchoninic acid (BCA) assay, DNA, and glycosaminoglycan (GAG) content assays, sodium dodecyl sulfate/polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) analysis and Western blot, angiogenesis arrays, chromatographic thrombin detection, high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC)-based amino acid quantification analysis, and assessment of antimicrobial properties. 2D in vitro cell culture experiments have been performed to determine the vasculogenic potential of hpS, which demonstrated that cell networks developed on hpS show a significantly higher degree of complexity (number of tubules/junctions; total/mean tube length) when compared with Matrigel. As 3D cell culture techniques represent a more accurate representation of the in vivo condition, the substrate was 3D solidified using various natural polymers. 3D in vitro vasculogenesis assays have been performed by seeding gfpHUVECs in an hpS-fibrinogen clot. In conclusion, hpS provides a potent human/material-based alternative to xenogenic-material-based biomaterials for vascularization strategies in tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johannes Hackethal
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Experimental and Clinical Traumatology in AUVA Trauma Research Center, Vienna, Austria.,Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, Vienna, Austria
| | - Anna Maria Weihs
- Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, Vienna, Austria.,Department of Life Science Engineering, University of Applied Sciences Technikum Wien, Vienna, Austria
| | - Lisa Karner
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Experimental and Clinical Traumatology in AUVA Trauma Research Center, Vienna, Austria.,Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, Vienna, Austria
| | - Magdalena Metzger
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Experimental and Clinical Traumatology in AUVA Trauma Research Center, Vienna, Austria.,Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, Vienna, Austria
| | - Peter Dungel
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Experimental and Clinical Traumatology in AUVA Trauma Research Center, Vienna, Austria.,Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, Vienna, Austria
| | - Simone Hennerbichler
- Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, Vienna, Austria.,Red Cross Blood Transfusion Service of Upper Austria, Linz, Austria
| | - Heinz Redl
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Experimental and Clinical Traumatology in AUVA Trauma Research Center, Vienna, Austria.,Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, Vienna, Austria
| | - Andreas Herbert Teuschl-Woller
- Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, Vienna, Austria.,Department of Life Science Engineering, University of Applied Sciences Technikum Wien, Vienna, Austria
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert C Brunham
- University of British Columbia and British Columbia Centre for Disease Control, Vancouver, BC
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Hardisty EE, Vora N, Korpi-Steiner N. Unveiling Fetal Development by Use of "Omics". Clin Chem 2017; 63:1549. [PMID: 32100829 DOI: 10.1373/clinchem.2017.274910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2017] [Accepted: 06/07/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Emily E Hardisty
- Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Maternal Fetal Medicine and
| | - Neeta Vora
- Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Maternal Fetal Medicine and
| | - Nichole Korpi-Steiner
- Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC
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