Genetic polymorphisms in HIF1A are associated with prostate cancer risk in a Chinese population

Interaction Between Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1-alpha Gene Polymorphism and Helicobacter pylori Infection on Gastric Cancer in a Chinese Tibetan Population

To investigate the impact of four single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of the HIF1α gene and its interaction with Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection on susceptibility to gastric cancer (GC).Logistic regression was used to test the relationship between four SNPs of HIF1α gene and the susceptibility of GC. A generalized multifactor dimensionality reduction (GMDR) model was used to assess the HIF1α gene-H. pylori infection interaction.Logistic regression analysis indicated that both the rs11549465-CT genotype and the T allele were associated with an increased risk of GC, adjusted OR (95% CI) were 1.63 (1.09-2.20) (CT vs. CC) and 1.70 (1.13-2.36) (T vs. C), respectively. We also found that both the rs11549467-A allele and rs11549467-GA genotype were associated with an increased risk of GC, and adjusted OR (95% CI) were 2.21 (1.61-2.86) (GA vs. GG), 2.13 (1.65-2.65) (A vs. G), respectively. However, no statistically significant impact of rs2057482 or rs1957757 on risk of GC was found. The GMDR model indicated a statistically significant two-dimensional model combination (including rs11549467 and H. pylori infection). The selected model had testing balanced accuracy of 0.60 and the best cross-validation consistencies of 10/10 (p = 0.0107). Compared with H. pylori infection negative participants with rs11549467-GG genotype, H. pylori positive participants with the rs11549467-GA genotype had the highest GC risk, the OR (95% CI) was 3.04 (1.98-4.12).The rs11549467-A allele and rs11549467-GA genotype was associated with increased GC risk. Additionally, the gene-environment interaction between HIF-1α-rs11549467 and H. pylori infection was also correlated with an increased risk of GC.

Genetic variants in hypoxia-inducible factor pathway are associated with colorectal cancer risk and immune infiltration

Hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) pathway genes influence tumorigenesis and immune status. However, the associations between genetic variants in hypoxia-related genes and colorectal cancer risk and the immune status of hypoxia-associated genes in colorectal cancer have not been systematically characterized. The associations between genetic variants and colorectal cancer risk were evaluated in Chinese, Japanese and European populations using logistic regression analysis. The relationships between target genes and tumour immune infiltration were predicted by Tumour Immune Estimation Resource (TIMER). We found that rs34533650 in EPAS1 was associated with colorectal cancer risk (OR = 1.43, 95% CI = 1.20-1.70, P(FDR)  = 8.35 × 10-4 ), and this finding was validated in two independent populations (Japanese: OR = 1.07, 95% CI = 1.01-1.15, p = 3.38 × 10-2 ; European: OR = 1.11, 95% CI = 1.03-1.19, p = 6.04 × 10-3 ). EPAS1-associated genes were enriched in immune-related pathways. In addition, we found that EPAS1 copy number variation (CNV) was associated with the degree of infiltration of immune cells and observed correlations between EPAS1 expression and immune cell infiltration levels in colorectal cancer. These results highlight that genetic variants of hypoxia-related genes play roles in colorectal cancer risk and provide new insight that EPAS1 might be a promising predictor of colorectal cancer susceptibility and immune status.

Sestrin2 in cancer: a foe or a friend?

Sestrin2 is a conserved antioxidant, metabolism regulator, and downstream of P53. Sestrin2 can suppress oxidative stress and inflammation, thereby preventing the development and progression of cancer. However, Sestrin2 attenuates severe oxidative stress by activating nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), thereby enhancing cancer cells survival and chemoresistance. Sestrin2 inhibits endoplasmic reticulum stress and activates autophagy and apoptosis in cancer cells. Attenuation of endoplasmic reticulum stress and augmentation of autophagy hinders cancer development but can either expedite or impede cancer progression under specific conditions. Furthermore, Sestrin2 can vigorously inhibit oncogenic signaling pathways through downregulation of mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) and hypoxia-inducible factor 1-alpha (HIF-1α). Conversely, Sestrin2 decreases the cytotoxic activity of T cells and natural killer cells which helps tumor cells immune evasion. Sestrin2 can enhance tumor cells viability in stress conditions such as glucose or glutamine deficiency. Cancer cells can also upregulate Sestrin2 during chemotherapy or radiotherapy to attenuate severe oxidative stress and ER stress, augment autophagy and resist the treatment. Recent studies unveiled that Sestrin2 is involved in the development and progression of several types of human cancer. The effect of Sestrin2 may differ depending on the type of tumor, for instance, several studies revealed that Sestrin2 protects against colorectal cancer, whereas results are controversial regarding lung cancer. Furthermore, Sestrin2 expression correlates with metastasis and survival in several types of human cancer such as colorectal cancer, lung cancer, and hepatocellular carcinoma. Targeted therapy for Sestrin2 or regulation of its expression by new techniques such as non-coding RNAs delivery and vector systems may improve cancer chemotherapy and overcome chemoresistance, metastasis and immune evasion that should be investigated by future trials.

Genetic Association Analysis Implicates Six MicroRNA-Related SNPs With Increased Risk of Breast Cancer in Australian Caucasian Women

INTRODUCTION

Breast cancer (BC), a heterogeneous disease, features microRNA-related single nucleotide polymorphisms (miRSNPs) as underlying factors of BC development, thus providing targets for novel diagnostic and therapeutic strategies. This study investigated miRSNPs in BC susceptibility in Australian Caucasian women.

PATIENTS AND METHODS

The study population included patients 33 to 80 years of age stratified by molecular subtypes of breast tumors (luminal A, 47.59%), stage (stage I, 36.96%), tumor-type (ductal, 44.95%), grading (intermediate, 35.52%), size (10.1-25 mm, 31.14%), and lymph node (sentinel negative, 38.93%). Sixty-five miRSNPs underwent allelic analysis in two independent case-control cohorts (GU-CCQ-BB, 377 cases and 521 controls; GRC-BC, 267 cases and 201 controls) using a MassARRAY platform. GU-CCQ-BB, GRC-BC, and the combined populations (BC-CA) (644 cases and 722 controls) underwent independent statistical analysis.

RESULTS

In the GU-CCQ-BB population, miRSNPs TET2-rs7670522, ESR1-rs2046210, FGFR2-rs1219648, MIR210-rs1062099, HIF1A-rs2057482, and CASC16-rs4784227 were found to be associated with increased BC risk (P ≤ .05). Only ESR1-rs2046210 was also significantly associated (P ≤ .05) when replicated in the GRC-BC and BC-CA populations. No significant association was correlated with BC-clinical features (pathological types and ER/PR/HER2 status); however, MIR210-rs1062099 was found to be significantly associated (P ≤ .05) with age (>50 years) in the GU-CCQ-BB cohort.

CONCLUSION

This is the first study to demonstrate the association of MIR210-rs1062099 and TET2-rs7670522 with increased BC risk. Additionally, four previously reported SNPs (ESR1-rs2046210, FGFR2-rs1219648, HIF1A-rs2057482, and CASC16-rs4784227) were confirmed as BC risk variants. Replication and functional studies in larger Caucasian cohorts are necessary to elucidate the role of these miRSNPS in the development of BC.

Bioinformatics and immunohistochemistry analyses of expression levels and clinical significance of CXCL2 and TANs in an oral squamous cell carcinoma tumor microenvironment of Prophyromonas gingivalis infection

The present study aimed to detect the immunoexpression and clinical significance of Porphyromonas gingivalis (P. gingivalis) in the tumor microenvironment (TME) of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). The immunoexpression of P. gingivalis in OSCC tissues was detected via immunohistochemistry (IHC) after P. gingivalis was infected into the TME of OSCC. To identify the differentially expressed genes in the carcinogenesis and progression of OSCC with P. gingivalis infection, microarray datasets (GSE87539 and GSE138206) were downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus database. The immunoexpression levels of C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 2 (CXCL2) and tumor-associated neutrophils (TANs) were also evaluated via IHC, and the immunoexpression levels of all three clinical variables were analyzed using χ² or Fisher's exact tests. The survival rates were calculated using the Kaplan-Meier method and the survival curves were compared using log-rank tests. Predominantly strong immunoexpression of P. gingivalis was identified in OSCC samples. CXCL2 was considered to be a differential gene in the two datasets. Immunoexpression of P. gingivalis was positively associated with CXCL2 and TANs expression. Furthermore, P. gingivalis was associated with survival status (P<0.001) and differentiation (P<0.001). CXCL2 was associated with age (P=0.038) and survival status (P=0.003), while TANs were associated with T stage (P=0.015) and clinical stage (P=0.002). These clinical variables were considered to be independent risk factors for the poor prognosis of patients with OSCC. Collectively, the results suggested that the immunoexpression of P. gingivalis may be positively associated with CXCL2 and TANs. In addition, the strong immunoexpression levels of P. gingivalis, CXCL2 and TANs may be associated with a poor prognosis in patients with OSCC.

Molecular Evaluation of HIF-1α Gene Variation and Determination of Its Frequency and Association with Breast Cancer Susceptibility in Saudi Arabia

AIM

Hypoxia-inducible factor 1 (HIF-1α) is responsible in regulating oxygen homeostasis in tissues and is a central effector of the hypoxic response besides its protein overexpression has been shown to have prognostic relevance in several cancers including breast cancer. Several reports indicated that HIF-1α gene variation C1772T (Pro582Ser) is associated with increased breast susceptibility but results remained controversial. Therefore, we performed the molecular evaluation of HIF-1α gene variation and determined its frequency and association with Breast Cancer susceptibility in Saudi Arabia.

METHODS

This study was conducted on histologically confirmed Breast cancer patients and gender matched healthy women. HIF-1α C1772T (Pro582Ser) genotyping was done by Amplification refractory mutation system PCR method. The HIF-1α gene genotypes were correlated with different clinicopathological characteristics of breast cancer patients.

RESULTS

A significant difference was observed in genotype distribution of HIF-1α gene variation C1772T (Pro582Ser) between breast cancer cases and gender matched healthy controls (P=0.010). Our findings showed that the HIF- 1α variant was associated with an increased risk of Breast cancer for HIF-1α CC vs CT genotype OR = 2.20, 95% CI = (1.28 -3.77), P = 0.004) in codominant inheritance model. The significant association was reported for HIF1A for genotypes CC vs (CT+ TT) OR = 1.98, 95% CI = (1.17-3.34), P = 0.010) in dominant inheritance model tested. In case of recessive inheritance model, a non-significant association of HIF-1 alpha gene variants was reported for (CC+ CT) vs TT) OR = 1.03, 95% CI = (0. 064-16.79), P = 0.97). During the allelic comparison, a non-significant association was reported between A vs C allele among Breast cancer patients. A significant association of HIF- 1α polymorphism was reported with stage as well as distant metastasis of the disease.

CONCLUSION

A significant difference was observed in genotype distribution of HIF-1α gene variation C1772T (Pro>Ser) between breast cancer cases and gene matched healthy controls (P=0.010). HIF-1α- CT heterozygosity and CC genotype increased the susceptibility .The HIF-1α polymorphism was reported to be significantly associated with the distant metastasis of Breast cancer. Further studies with larger data set and well-designed models are required to validate our findings.

Prediction of potential deleterious nonsynonymous single nucleotide polymorphisms of HIF1A gene: A computational approach

Hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) is the oxygen sensitive subunit of HIF1 transcription factor. Its variations is associated with several diseases including different type of cancer, cardiovascular diseases, and liver and kidney failure. Despite all the investigations carried out on the single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of HIF1A gene and diseases, there are many uncharacterized nonsynonymous SNPs of this gene, which might have damaging effect on the protein function. Therefore, it is worthwhile to analyze these potential damaging nsSNPs, using different bioinformatics tools before launching large population studies. The objective of the present study was to predict the possible deleterious nsSNPs of HIF1A gene and their effects on the function and structure of HIF-1alpha protein, using different bioinformatics tools. Various prediction servers were used including SIFT, PROVEAN, PolyPhen-2, PANTHER, phD-SNP, SNP-GO, I-Mutant 2.0, Fathmm, SNPeffect 4.0, Mutation taster, CADD and RAMPAGE in a stepwise approach. After analyzing all 454 missense variants of the HIF1A gene using the abovementioned tools, we reported 11 variants with a significant impact on the function or structure of HIF-1α protein. Furthermore, among these variants only S274 P was predicted as stability enhancing variant with effect on protein function by increasing its stability. Although there are many advantages for computational analysis, the results has to be confirmed by experimental investigations.

The association between hypoxia inducible factor 1 subunit alpha gene rs2057482 polymorphism and cancer risk: a meta-analysis

Background

The rs2057482 polymorphism in the hypoxia inducible factor 1 subunit alpha (HIF1A) gene has been reported to be associated with a risk of several types of cancer, but this association has not yet been definitively confirmed. We performed this meta-analysis to determine whether rs2057482 is associated with overall cancer risk.

Methods

The PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science databases were searched for the potential studies about the association between the rs2057482 and cancer risk. The data of genotype frequencies in cases with cancer and controls were extracted from the selected studies. Odds ratios (ORs) and the corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated to determine the strength of the associations.

Results

The meta-analysis showed an association between the rs2057482 polymorphism and overall cancer risk. However, a stratified analysis of ethnicity did not show any significant association between rs2057482 and cancer risk in the Asian population.

Conclusions

The rs2057482 polymorphism was associated with decreased overall cancer risk, based on the currently available studies. However, this conclusion needs verification by further well-designed epidemiology studies that examine different cancer types and more subjects.

HIF-1α rs11549465 C>T polymorphism contributes to increased cancer susceptibility: Evidence from 49 studies

HIF-1α (hypoxia-inducible factor-1α) is a transcriptional factor that participates in the regulation of oxygen homeostasis. Despites numbers of case-control studies working on this area, the actual relationship of HIF-1α gene generic variant rs11549465 C>T imposing on cancer susceptibility remains unveiled. To get a better understanding of such relationship, this meta-analysis was carried out by incorporating all eligible case-control studies. Qualified articles were acquired from PubMed, CNKI, EMBASE, PMC, and Wanfang database update to April 2019. Odds ratios (ORs) and their corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were employed to estimate the relationship of interest. Heterogeneity tests, sensitivity analyses and publication bias assessments were also carried out to ensure the strength of our conclusion. A total of 46 articles with 49 studies including 12920 cases and 13363 controls were included. The results indicated that HIF-1α rs11549465 C>T was significantly related to the increased risk of overall cancer under four genetic models (TT vs. CC: OR=2.06, 95% CI=1.34-3.16; TT vs. CC/CT: OR=2.42, 95% CI=1.60-3.65; CT/TT vs. CC: OR=1.21, 95% CI=1.04-1.40; T vs. C: OR=1.29, 95% CI=1.12-1.48). Furthermore, enhanced cancer risk was detected after stratification by cancer type, ethnicity, the source of controls and HWE. These results suggest that HIF-1α rs11549465 C>T polymorphism may predispose to cancer susceptibility.

Human steroid sulfatase enhances aerobic glycolysis through induction of HIF1α and glycolytic enzymes

Human steroid sulfatase (STS) has been linked with poor prognosis in steroid-associated tumors and represents an important clinical target in cancers, yet the mechanism of STS-induced carcinogenesis remains unclear. To correlate STS with cancer metabolism, we determined the effects of STS on aerobic glycolysis. STS overexpression increased cellular levels of lactic acid, the final product of aerobic glycolysis. Moreover, STS suppressed the oxygen consumption rate (OCR), which represents mitochondrial respiration. Inhibition of STS by the specific inhibitor STX064 recovered STS-induced OCR repression and lactic acid over-production. DHEA, but not DHEA-S, suppressed the OCR level and enhanced lactic acid production. To understand the molecular mechanism of STS-induced cancer metabolism, we measured the expression of glycolytic enzymes hexokinase 2 (HK2) and pyruvate kinase M2 (PKM2), which was highly upregulated by STS and DHEA at both protein and mRNA levels. HIF1α is a key mediator of aerobic glycolysis, and STS enhanced HIF1α promoter activity, mRNA expression, and protein expression. Down-regulation of HIF1α by siRNA suppressed the HK2 and PKM2 expression induced by both STS and DHEA. HIF1α siRNA also recovered the OCR repression and lactic acid over-production induced by both STS and DHEA. To explore the mechanism in vivo, we produced transgenic mice overexpressing STS and found that STS expression was particularly enhanced in the lung. Consistent with our in vitro results, the expression of HIF1α, HK2, and PKM2 was also increased in mouse lung tissues. In conclusion, we suggest that STS may induce aerobic glycolysis through enhancing HIF1α expression.

Association of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF1α) 1790G/A gene polymorphism with renal cell carcinoma and prostate cancer susceptibility: a meta-analysis

BACKGROUND

This meta-analysis was performed to evaluate the relationship between hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF1α) 1790G/A gene polymorphism and the susceptibility to renal cell carcinoma (RCC) and prostate cancer (PCa).

METHODS

Association investigations were identified and included from the Embase, Cochrane Library and PubMed databases on March 1, 2018, and eligible investigations were analyzed by meta-analysis. Odds ratios (OR) were used to express the dichotomous data, and the 95% confidence intervals (CI) were also calculated.

RESULTS

In this meta-analysis, we found that the AA genotype of HIF1α 1790G/A was positively associated with the risk of RCC in overall populations, Caucasians, but not for Asians. G allele and GG genotype were not associated with the susceptibility of RCC in overall populations, Caucasians, and Asians. The G allele was negatively associated with PCa susceptibility in overall populations, Asians, but not for Caucasians. GG genotype was negatively associated with PCa susceptibility in Asians, but not for overall populations and Caucasians. HIF1α 1790G/A AA genotype was not associated with PCa susceptibility in overall populations of Caucasians or Asians.

CONCLUSION

AA genotype of HIF1α 1790G/A was positively associated with RCC risk in overall populations and Caucasians. Furthermore, the G allele was negatively associated with prostate cancer susceptibility in overall populations, Asians, and GG genotype was negatively associated with PCa susceptibility in Asians.

Association Between 12 Polymorphisms of VEGF/Hypoxia/Angiogenesis Pathway Genes and Risk of Urogenital Carcinomas: A Meta-Analysis Based on Case-Control Studies

Objective: Previous studies indicated potential associations between polymorphisms in genes of VEGF/hypoxia/angiogenesis pathway and risk of urogenital carcinomas However, the results were controversial and inconclusive. Here, we conducted an in-depth meta-analysis to investigate the precise associations between polymorphisms in VEGF/hypoxia/angiogenesis related genes and risk of urogenital carcinomas.

Methods: We searched PubMed, Web of Science, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library to identify all eligible publications. Pooled odds ratios (ORs) corresponding with the 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated to evaluate their associations. Subgroup analysis was conducted to further ascertain such relationship and investigate sources of heterogeneity.

Results: In the end, a total of 96 case-control studies fulfilled the inclusion criteria were enrolled for 12 polymorphisms in 4 VEGF/hypoxia/angiogenesis related genes. The pooled results showed eNOS-rs2070744 polymorphism conferred a significantly increased overall risk of urogenital carcinomas in allele, homozygote, and recessive models, respectively. In addition, eNOS-Intron 4a/b VNTR polymorphism was identified related to an increased risk of urogenital carcinomas in recessive model. And VEGF-rs699947 polymorphism was also identified an increased risk of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) in allelic, heterozygote, dominant, homozygote, and recessive models.

Conclusion: To conclude, eNOS-rs2070744 and eNOS-Intron 4a/b VNTR polymorphisms are risk factors for urogenital carcinomas. VEGF-rs699947 polymorphism was also identified as an increased risk factor for renal carcinoma.

Investigation of GLUT1, HIF1α and TBX21 Gene Polymorphisms in Laryngeal Cancer

Objective

We aimed to investigate the association of the frequency of three single-nucleotide polymorphisms [glucose transporter isoform 1 (GLUT1) reference single-nucleotide polymorphism (rs) 710218, hypoxia-inducible factor 1 alpha (HIF1α) rs11549465, and T-box transcription factor protein 21 (TBX21) rs17250932], which have been proved to be related with various benign and malignant diseases, with the development of laryngeal cancer and its size and grade.

Methods

In this study, we included 35 patients with laryngeal cancer and 35 volunteers at least 30 years old who had smoked for at least 20 years. DNA was obtained from the blood samples of the participants using an isolation kit. Then, polymorphisms for both the groups were determined using real-time polymerase chain reaction.

Results

No significant differences were detected regarding the genotype and allele frequencies in the three polymorphisms assessed between the two groups. In the patient group, on examining the association of polymorphisms with tumor size and grade, no significant relation was observed in three polymorphisms regarding the related parameters.

Conclusion

GLUT1, HIF1α, and TBX21 polymorphisms have no impact on the development of laryngeal cancer.

The association of the placental Hypoxia-inducible factor1-α polymorphisms and HIF1-α mRNA expression with preeclampsia

INTRODUCTION

Evidence has confirmed that placental/fetal hypoxia plays a key role in both endothelial cell dysfunction and PE pathogenesis. The aim of the present study was to investigate whether maternal/placental hypoxia-inducible factor1-α (HIF1-α) C1772T (rs11549465) and/or G1790A (rs11549467) polymorphisms and HIF1-α mRNA expression are associated with PE development.

METHODS

The blood samples of 203 PE and 202 control women and the placenta of 86 PE and 84 control women were collected after delivery. The HIF1-α polymorphisms were genotyped using PCR- RFLP method. The mRNA expression levels were measured by Quantitative Real -Time PCR.

RESULTS

The present study found no association between maternal HIF1-α rs11549465 and rs11549467 and placental rs11549467 polymorphisms and PE. However, the placental rs11549465 polymorphism was associated with PE in the dominant model. The CT/GG combined genotypes and TG haplotype of placental rs11549465 and rs11549467 polymorphisms were associated with higher risk of PE. The HIF1-α mRNA expression was 3-fold higher in the PE women. The rs11549465 TT genotype was associated with higher HIF1-α mRNA expression in PE women and in total population and rs11549467 GA genotype was associated with higher mRNA expression in total population. The relative mRNA expression of HIF1-α gene was higher in presence of CC/GA, TT/GG and TT/GA combined genotypes.

CONCLUSION

This study found an association between placental but not maternal HIF1-α rs11549465 polymorphism and PE in the dominant model. The HIF1-α mRNA expression was higher in the placenta of PE women and was associated with rs11549465 and rs11549467 polymorphisms.

Association between HIF1A rs11549465 polymorphism and risk of prostate cancer: a meta-analysis

The hypoxia inducible factor 1-alpha (HIF1A) gene has been suggested to play a critical role in cancer progression, and the relationship between HIF1A rs11549465 polymorphism and risk of prostate cancer has been investigated in previous studies. Nevertheless, conflicting results have been obtained. Hence, we reevaluated this issue by means of this meta-analysis, with the purpose of providing more precise conclusion on this issue. The electronic databases of PubMed, EMBASE and Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) as well as other sources were searched for relevant reports concerning on the role of HIF1A rs11549465 polymorphism in the occurrence of prostate cancer. The strength of the relationship was determined by calculating odds ratios (ORs) with corresponding 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs). Besides, subgroup analyses by ethnicity and source of control were further performed to examine this relationship. All statistical analyses were performed using STATA software 12.0. Although HIF1A rs11549465 polymorphism showed a tendency of increasing the risk of prostate cancer, no statistical significance was detected under any genetic models. Similar results were also revealed in subgroup analyses on the basis of ethnicity and control source. Our findings indicate that HIF1A rs11549465 polymorphism may not independently play a significant role in the occurrence of prostate cancer.

HIF1A gene polymorphisms and human diseases: Graphical review of 97 association studies

Hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs) belong to a family of transcription factors (TF) responsive to a low O2 availability, which is often a characteristic feature of solid tumors. The alpha subunit of the HIF heterodimer is O2 -sensitive, and once stabilized in hypoxia, it functions as a master regulator of various genes involved in hypoxia pathway. Changes in the HIF1A (hypoxia inducible factor 1, alpha subunit) nucleotide sequence or expression has been shown to be associated with the development of several diseases. Because of increasing research interest in HIF1A gene a review of association studies was needed. We here reviewed published data on single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in HIF1A in various diseases; in total, 34 SNPs were tested for an association with 49 phenotypes, and the results were visualized using the Cytoscape software. Among all collected polymorphisms 16 SNPs showed significant associations with 40 different phenotypes, including six SNPs associated with 14 cancer types. Missense SNPs (rs11549465 and rs11549467) within the oxygen-dependent degradation domain were most frequently studied. The study provides a comprehensive tool for researchers working in this area and may contribute to more accurate disease diagnosis and identification of therapeutic targets.

Influencia del polimorfismo rs11549465 de HIF-1α en los niveles de hemoglobina y lactato en pacientes de cirugía cardiovascular

Introducción. La anemia perioperatoria es una complicación común de la cirugía cardiovascular. Pacientes con el alelo T del polimorfismo rs11549465 de HIF-1α podrían tener niveles alterados de hemoglobina y lactato antes, durante y después de la cirugía, en comparación con los del ancestral. Esto, por un aumento en la estabilidad de HIF-1α causado por este.Objetivo. Describir la frecuencia del alelo T en pacientes de cirugía cardiovascular programada y su relación con los niveles de hemoglobina y lactato.Materiales y métodos: Se aisló ADN de 84 pacientes de cirugía cardiovascular para genotipificación por secuenciación de Sanger y se recolectaron características demográficas y clínicas.Resultados. La frecuencia del alelo T fue 0.066 (IC95%: 0.037-0.114). No hubo diferencias significativas en los niveles de hemoglobina y lactato preoperatorios, intraoperatorios y posoperatorios entre pacientes con alelo T y aquellos con alelo ancestral.Conclusión. La frecuencia del alelo T fue menor que la esperada, de acuerdo con otros estudios en poblaciones similares de voluntarios sanos y no mostró diferencias significativas con algunas poblaciones asiáticas, ni con un grupo de pacientes con infarto agudo de miocardio. Parece que la genotipificación de rs11549465 en pacientes de cirugía cardiovascular no representó un método de estratificación de riesgo de anemia en este grupo.

[Association of Indoor Air Pollution, Single Nucleotide Polymorphism of HIF-1α Gene with Susceptibility to Lung Cancer in Han Population in Fujian Province]

BACKGROUND

Hypoxia inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) is associated with the progression and metastasis of lung cancer. There are, however, few studies on the relationship between the single nucleotide polymorphisms of HIF-1α and susceptibility to lung cancer. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the relationship between indoor air pollution, HIF-1α rs2057482, and the susceptibility to primary lung cancer of the Fujian Han population.

METHODS

The present study is a hospital-based case-control study. We recruited 1,096 lung cancer and 1,110 controls that were admitted to the Department of Thoracic Surgery of the First Affiliated Hospital and Union Hospital of Fujian Medical University and Fuzhou General Hospital of Nanjing Military Region from January 2006 to December 2012. The primary lung cancer cases were identified via pathological methods. Both case and control groups received questionnaires. Genotyping of HIF-1α gene rs2057482 locus polymorphism in all subjects were analyzed by MALDI-TOF-MS technique.

RESULTS

Individuals who carried the T-genotype of HIF-1α rs2057482 were more susceptible to small cell carcinoma (odds ratio of 1.725, 95%CI: 1.047-2.842). After adjusting for general and lung cancer-related factors, we found that in the co-dominant genetic model, rs2057482 TT carriers were 2.195 times more likely to develop lung cancer than CC carriers (95%CI: 1.038-4.463) in the population that were exposed to passive smoking. In the dominant genetic model, the risk of lung cancer was 1.911 times (95%CI: 1.121-3.258) that in the carriers of the rs2057482 T allele with a family history of cancer. In the recessive genetic model, rs2057482 TT carriers had a 0.159-fold increased risk of lung cancer (95%CI: 0.028-0.920) than TC+CC carriers in people with a history of lung disease. In the additive genetic model, the risk of lung cancer in rs2057482 TC+TT carriers was 1.542 times (95%CI: 1.107-2.340) that in the CC family of people with a family history of cancer.

CONCLUSIONS

HIF-1α rs2057482 may be associated with lung cancer susceptibility.
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Genetic polymorphisms in key hypoxia-regulated downstream molecules and phenotypic correlation in prostate cancer

Background

In this study we sought if, in their quest to handle hypoxia, prostate tumors express target hypoxia-associated molecules and their correlation with putative functional genetic polymorphisms.

Methods

Representative areas of prostate carcinoma (n = 51) and of nodular prostate hyperplasia (n = 20) were analysed for hypoxia-inducible factor 1 alpha (HIF-1α), carbonic anhydrase IX (CAIX), lysyl oxidase (LOX) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGFR2) immunohistochemistry expression using a tissue microarray. DNA was isolated from peripheral blood and used to genotype functional polymorphisms at the corresponding genes (HIF1A +1772 C > T, rs11549465; CA9 + 201 A > G; rs2071676; LOX +473 G > A, rs1800449; KDR – 604 T > C, rs2071559).

Results

Immunohistochemistry analyses disclosed predominance of positive CAIX and VEGFR2 expression in epithelial cells of prostate carcinomas compared to nodular prostate hyperplasia (P = 0.043 and P = 0.035, respectively). In addition, the VEGFR2 expression score in prostate epithelial cells was higher in organ-confined and extra prostatic carcinoma compared to nodular prostate hyperplasia (P = 0.031 and P = 0.004, respectively). Notably, for LOX protein the immunoreactivity score was significantly higher in organ-confined carcinomas compared to nodular prostate hyperplasia (P = 0.015). The genotype-phenotype analyses showed higher LOX staining intensity for carriers of the homozygous LOX +473 G-allele (P = 0.011). Still, carriers of the KDR−604 T-allele were more prone to have higher VEGFR2 expression in prostate epithelial cells (P < 0.006).

Conclusions

Protein expression of hypoxia markers (VEGFR2, CAIX and LOX) on prostate epithelial cells was different between malignant and benign prostate disease. Two genetic polymorphisms (LOX +473 G > A and KDR−604 T > C) were correlated with protein level, accounting for a potential gene-environment effect in the activation of hypoxia-driven pathways in prostate carcinoma. Further research in larger series is warranted to validate present findings.

Electronic supplementary material

The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12894-017-0201-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

Association between genetic polymorphisms involved in the hypoxia-inducible factor pathway and lung cancer risk: a case-control study in Japan

AIM

Hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) contributes to the adaptation of tumor cells to hypoxic conditions, so genetic polymorphisms involved in this pathway may affect cellular response to hypoxia and be associated with cancer risk. Thus, we examined the association between the lung cancer risk and genetic polymorphisms involved in the HIF pathway.

METHODS

This case-control study consists of 462 lung cancer cases and 379 controls from Japan. We examined the effect of HIF1A rs11549467, HIF1A rs11549465, HIF1A rs2057482, HIF2A rs13419896 and vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA) rs833061 on the risk of lung cancer using TaqMan real-time PCR assay. Logistic regression was used to estimate the odds ratio (OR) and its 95% confidence interval (CI) of lung cancer risk. The multiplicative and additive interactions with cigarette smoking were also examined.

RESULTS

The AA genotype of HIF2A rs13419896 (OR = 0.54, 95% CI = 0.30-0.99) and the CC genotype of VEGFA rs833061 (OR = 0.42, 95% CI = 0.24-0.75) were significantly associated with a decreased risk of lung cancer after adjustment of potential covariates. Additive interactions between these two polymorphisms and cigarette smoking were also significant.

CONCLUSION

HIF2A rs13419896 and VEGFA rs833061 were significantly related to lung cancer risk, with possible interaction between polymorphisms and cigarette smoking. Further studies are needed to confirm these results.

Role of HIF-1α signaling pathway in osteoarthritis: a systematic review

Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common form of arthritis and is frequently diagnosed and managed in primary care; it is characterized by loss of articular hyaline cartilage, which is a unique connective tissue that physiologically lacks blood vessels. Articular cartilage survives in a microenvironment devoid of oxygen, which is regulated by hypoxia inducible factor (HIF-1α). HIF-1α is considered the main transcriptional regulator of cellular and developmental response to hypoxia. To date, the relevance of HIF-1α in the assessment of cartilage has increased since its participation is essential in the homeostasis of this tissue. Taking into account the new emerging insights of HIF-1α in the scientific literature in the last years, we focused the present review on the potential role of HIF-1α signaling pathway in OA development, especially in how some genetic factors may influence the maintenance or breakdown of articular cartilage.

A meta-analysis of hypoxia inducible factor 1-alpha (HIF1A) gene polymorphisms: association with cancers

Background

Hypoxia inducible factor 1-alpha (HIF1A) is a transcription factor that plays important role in regulating cascade of reactions. In this study, the effect of rs11549465 (1772 C/T) and rs11549467 (1790 G/A) polymorphisms of HIF1A gene and its association with cancers were investigated through meta-analysis.

Methods

Meta-analysis of genome wide association studies of HIF1A 1772 C/T polymorphism were conducted on 22 case-control studies of sample size 19024 and for 1790 G/A polymorphism 19 case-control studies were included with sample size 10654. Genotype and allelic frequency compared between cases and controls together with further subgroup analyses were carried out by cancer type and ethnicity.

Results

Meta-analysis from this study indicated that HIF1A 1772 C/T polymorphism is significantly associated with overall cancer risk. T allele and genotype TT are significantly associated with increasing overall cancer risk; odds ratios (OR) dominant model [TT + CT vs. CC: OR 1.30, 95 % CI (1.06-1.59), p-value: 0.0115], and T allele vs. C allele: OR 1.32, 95 % CI (1.07-1.63), p-value: 0.0098. Also, HIF1A 1790 G/A polymorphism, analyses showed that A allele and genotype AA are significantly associated with increasing overall cancer risk; odds ratios (OR) homozygote comparison [AA vs. GG: OR 5.10, 95 % CI (3.12-8.33), p-value: <0.0001], heterozygote comparison [GA vs. GG: OR 1.74, 95 % CI (1.20-2.52), p-value: 0.0033], dominant model [AA + GA vs. GG: OR 1.82, 95 % CI (1.26-2.62), p-value: 0.0014], recessive model [AA vs. GA + GG: OR 3.79, 95 % CI (2.34-6.15), p-value: <0.0001] and A allele vs. G allele: OR 1.82, 95 % CI (1.31-2.52), p-value: 0.0003.

Conclusion

In detail meta-analysis indicated that both the polymorphisms 1772 C/T and 1790 G/A are significantly associated with overall cancer risk. The subgroup analyses showed that lung cancer is significantly associated with both polymorphisms. Although the 1772 C/T polymorphism is significantly associated with decreasing risk of renal cell carcinoma but the 1790 G/A polymorphism has shown to significantly increase the cancer risk in both Caucasian and Asian population. Thus, HIF1A could be a useful prognostic marker for cancers early predisposition.

Electronic supplementary material

The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s40364-015-0054-z) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

Polymorphic variation of hypoxia inducible factor-1 A (HIF1A) gene might contribute to the development of knee osteoarthritis: a pilot study

Background

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a multifactorial degenerative condition of the whole joint with a complex pathogenesis whose development and progression is significantly mediated by interactions between the joint cartilage and articular tissues, particularly, proinflammatory mediators and oxidative stress, which results in cartilage deterioration and subchondral bone destruction. HIF-1 alpha regulates oxygen homeostasis in hypoxic tissues such as joint cartilage; efficiency of transcriptional activity of the HIF1A gene is strongly influenced by the presence of polymorphic variants. Given the loss of articular cartilage and with intention to restore damaged tissue, WISP-1 participates in the development of subchondral bone; further, its expression is highly increased in chondrocytes of OA patients. The aim of this study was to evaluate gene frequencies of HIF1A and WISP1 polymorphisms in Mexican patients suffering from knee OA.

Methods

We determined HIF1A rs11549465 (P582S), rs11549467 (A588T), and rs2057482 (C191T), and WISP1 rs2929970 (A2364G) polymorphisms in 70 Mexican patients with knee OA and compare them to those present in 66 ethnically matched healthy controls. Genotyping for these polymorphisms was performed by Real-Time PCR using TaqMan probes.

Results

Gene frequencies exhibited a significant increase of the CC genotype of rs11549465 polymorphism in knee OA patients as compared with those present in controls (P = 0.003 OR = 5.7, 95 % CI = 1.7–21.6); CT genotype and T allele showed decreased frequency in the knee OA group vs. the controls (P = 0.003 OR = 0.2, CI = 0.05–0.6; and P = 0.004 OR = 0.2, CI = 0.05–0.65, respectively). Allele frequencies of the other polymorphic variants were similar in both patients and controls.

Conclusions

These results suggest that the presence of the rs11549465 SNP (HIF1A) plays a role protective in the loss of articular cartilage in our population, and offers the possibility to further study the molecular mechanisms within cartilage and subchondral bone.

Electronic supplementary material

The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12891-015-0678-z) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

Genetic variations in the HIF1A gene modulate response to adjuvant chemotherapy after surgery in patients with colorectal cancer

BACKGROUND

Hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF-1α) plays an important role in regulating cell survival and angiogenesis, which are critical for tumor growth and metastasis. Genetic variations of HIF1A have been shown to influence the susceptibility to many kinds of human tumors. Increased expression of HIF-1α has also been demonstrated to be involved in tumor progression. However, the prognostic value of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the HIF1A gene remains to be determined in most cancer types, including colorectal cancer (CRC). In this study, we sought to investigate the predictive role of HIF1A SNPs in prognosis of CRC patients and efficacy of chemotherapy.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

We genotyped two functional SNPs in HIF1A gene using the Sequenom iPLEX genotyping system and then assessed their associations with clinicopathological parameters and clinical outcomes of 697 CRC patients receiving radical surgery using Cox logistic regression model and Kaplan Meier curves.

RESULTS

Generally, no significant association was found between these 2 SNPs and clinical outcomes of CRC. In stratified analysis of subgroup without adjuvant chemotherapy, patients carrying CT/TT genotypes of rs2057482 exhibited a borderline significant association with better overall survival when compared with those carrying CC genotype [Hazard ratio (HR), 0.47; 95% confidence interval (95% CI): 0.29-0.76; P < 0.01]. Moreover, significant protective effects on CRC outcomes conferred by adjuvant chemotherapy were exclusively observed in patients carrying CC genotype of rs2057482 and in those carrying AC/CC genotype of rs2301113.

CONCLUSIONS

Genetic variations in HIF1A gene may modulate the efficacy of adjuvant chemotherapy after surgery in CRC patients.

The association between the rs11549465 polymorphism in the hif-1α gene and cancer risk: a meta-analysis

PURPOSE

The associations between hypoxia-inducible factor-1 alpha (HIF-1alpha) and clinicopathological characteristics of cancers have been evaluated in various studies, with the conflicting results. The common rs11549465 (1772C/T) genetic polymorphism has been reported to be functional and may contribute to genetic susceptibility to cancers. However, the association between rs11549465 (1772C/T) and cancer risk remains inconclusive.

METHODS

To better understand the role of rs11549465 (1772C/T) polymorphism in global cancer, we conducted this comprehensive meta-analysis encompassing 7807 cases and 8633 controls.

RESULTS

Overall, the rs11549465 (1772C/T) genetic polymorphism was associated with higher cancer risk, especially exists in Asians. In the stratified analysis, significant associations were found between the HIF-1 rs11549465 polymorphism and gynecologic cancer among Caucasian population. We observed that the TT genotype might modulate gynecologic cancer (OR=9.92 [2.15-45.66]) risk comparing with the CC genotype. Moreover, a significantly increased lung and breast cancer risk was found among Asian population comparing with Caucasian population. When stratified by study design, significantly elevated susceptibility to cancer was found among hospital -based studies.

CONCLUSIONS

Our meta-analysis suggested that the HIF-1 rs11549465 (1772C/T) genetic polymorphism is significantly associated with higher risk among Asian population and lower risk among Caucasian population in breast and lung cancer, and this SNP was significantly associated with the gynecologic cancer among Caucasian population. The effect of the rs11549465 polymorphism on cancer especially exists in Asians.

Association between HIF-1α C1772T/G1790A polymorphisms and cancer susceptibility: an updated systematic review and meta-analysis based on 40 case-control studies

Background

HIF-1 (hypoxia-inducible factor 1) is a transcriptional activator that functions as a critical regulator of oxygen homeostasis. Recently, a large number of epidemiological studies have investigated the relationship between HIF-1α C1772T/G1790A polymorphisms and cancer susceptibility. However, the results remain inconclusive. Therefore, we performed a meta-analysis on all of the available case-control studies to systematically summarize the possible association.

Methods

A literature search was performed using PubMed and the Web of Science database to obtain relevant published studies. Pooled odds ratios (ORs) and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the relationship between HIF-1α C1772T/G1790A polymorphisms and cancer susceptibility were calculated using fixed- and random-effects models when appropriate. Heterogeneity tests, sensitivity analyses and publication bias assessments were also performed in our meta-analysis.

Results

A total of 40 studies met the inclusion criteria were included in the meta-analysis: 40 studies comprised of 10869 cases and 14289 controls for the HIF-1α C1772T polymorphism and 30 studies comprised of 7117 cases and 10442 controls for the HIF-1α G1790A polymorphism. The results demonstrated that there were significant association between the HIF-1α C1772T polymorphism and cancer susceptibility under four genetic models (TT vs. CC: OR = 1.63, 95% CI = 1.02-2.60; CT + TT vs. CC: OR = 1.15, 95% CI = 1.01-1.34; TT vs. CT + CC: OR = 2.11, 95% CI = 1.32-3.77; T vs. C: OR = 1.21, 95% CI = 1.04-1.41). Similarly, the statistically significant association between the HIF-1α G1790A polymorphism and cancer susceptibility was found to be consistently strong in all of the genetic models. Moreover, increased cancer risk was observed when the data were stratified by cancer type, ethnicity and the source of controls.

Conclusions

This meta-analysis demonstrates that both the C1772T and G1790A polymorphisms in the HIF-1α gene likely contribute to increased cancer susceptibility, especially in the Asian population and in breast cancer, lung cancer, pancreatic cancer and oral cancer. However, further research is necessary to evaluate the relationship between these polymorphisms and cancer risk.

Electronic supplementary material

The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/1471-2407-14-950) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

HIF-1α genetic variants and protein expression confer the susceptibility and prognosis of gliomas

To investigate the role of HIF-1α genetic polymorphism of c.1772C>T and c.1790G>A in the incidence and prognosis of gliomas in a Chinese cohort, a total of 387 gliomas patients and 437 age- and sex-matched healthy controls were recruited. The genetic polymorphism of c.1772C>T and c.1790G>A was determined. We found that the genotype distribution at c.1772C>T showed significant difference between patients and controls. Multivariable analyses showed a significantly higher risk for gliomas in 1772TT genotype carriers (odds ratio 2.68, with CC as reference). In addition, we also found a significantly higher risk for grade III + IV gliomas was observed in 1772TT genotype carriers (odds ratio 2.21, with CC as reference). The overall survival rates in patients with 1772TT or 1772CT genotype were markedly lower compared with patients with CC (both P < 0.01). Our in vitro studies revealed that HIF-1α regulates the proliferation, migration and invasion of human glioma U251 cells. This study suggests that the c.1772C>T polymorphisms may be used as a molecular marker for gliomas occurrence, grades and clinical outcome in gliomas patients.

Polymorphisms of HIF1A gene are associated with prognosis of early stage non-small-cell lung cancer patients after surgery

Hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF1α) activates the transcription of genes that are involved in angiogenesis and cell survival. Over-expression of HIF1α caused by intratumoral hypoxia and its genetic alterations are associated with increased mortality in several cancer types including non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). The aim of this study was to investigate the predictive role of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in HIF1A gene in NSCLC outcomes. We genotyped two functional SNPs (rs2057482 and rs2301113) in HIF1A gene and assessed their associations with clinicopathological parameters and prognosis of 494 NSCLC patients by Cox proportional hazard model. There was no significant association between the SNPs and clinical outcomes of NSCLC for overall analysis. However, in stratified analysis for NSCLC patients at early stage (I/II), we observed a protective effect conferred by variant genotype of rs2057482 on overall survival (OS) (HR 0.42, 95% CI 0.22-0.80) and recurrence-free survival (RFS) (HR 0.60, 95 % CI 0.36-0.97) in a dominant model. Additionally, multivariate Cox analysis based on dominant model indicated that significant increased death and recurrence risks were observed in patients with early T-stage (T1 and T2) tumors, who carrying variant-containing genotype of rs2301113, as well as in patients without lymph node involvement (N0 stage) for rs2057482. Genetic variations on HIF1A gene are significantly associated with NSCLC outcomes in patients with early stage disease.

Hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) C1772T polymorphism significantly contributes to the risk of malignancy from a meta-analysis

Although the association between hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) C1772T polymorphism and risk of malignancy has been widely studied, results from published studies remained controversial. Therefore, the relationship between them was further assessed in this meta-analysis. The databases of PubMed, Embase, and Wanfang were searched, and odds ratio with 95% confidence interval (OR and 95% CI) were used to assess the strength of the association. A total of 38 case-control studies with 23,876 participants were included. Overall, the T allele of HIF-1α C1772T was significantly associated with increased risk of malignancy development (OR and 95% CI 1.18 (1.00-1.38), P = 0.048 for T carriers vs. CC; 1.22 (1.05-1.41), P = 0.010 for T carriers vs. C carriers). When subgroup analyses were conducted, T allele was further found to be associated with increased risk of malignancy development for Asians rather than Caucasians (OR and 95% CI 1.36 (1.10-1.67), P = 0.004 for Asians) and for population-based studies (OR and 95% CI 1.19 (1.01-1.41), P = 0.040). Between-study heterogeneity existed in genetic comparison models, and meta-regression indicated that the participants' ethnicities and types of malignancy might be the sources of heterogeneity. No publication bias was found. In conclusion, this study indicated that HIF-1α C1772T polymorphism was significantly associated with increased risk of malignancy development for Asians. More studies were further required to focus on the relationship between HIF-1α C1772T polymorphism and risk of a specific type of tumor.

The association between hypoxia-inducible factor-1 α gene C1772T polymorphism and cancer risk: a meta-analysis of 37 case-control studies

Background

The possible association between HIF-1α C1772T polymorphism and cancer risk has been studied extensively. However, the results were controversial. In order to get a more precise conclusion of this association, a meta-analysis was performed.

Methods

A total of 10186 cases and 10926 controls in 37 case-control studies were included in this meta-analysis. Allele and genotypic differences between cases and controls were evaluated. Subgroup analysis by cancer site, ethnicity, source of controls and gender was performed.

Results

The T allele of HIF-1α gene C1772T was significantly associated with increased cancer risk in three genetic models: TT+CT vs.CC (dominant model OR=1.23, 95%CI=1.03-1.47), TT vs. CT+CC (recessive model OR=2.51, 95%CI=1.54-4.09), TT vs. CC (homozygote comparison OR=2.02, 95%CI=1.21-3.39).In subgroup analysis, the frequency of the T variant was found to be significantly increased in cervical cancer, pancreatic cancer, head and neck cancer, renal cell carcinoma, Asian and female subgroups.

Conclusions

Our meta-analysis suggests that the substitution of C allele with T at HIF-1α gene C1772T polymorphism is a risk factor of cancer, especially for cervical, head and neck cancer, pancreatic cancer and renal cell carcinoma. It is also a risk factor of cancer in Asian group as well as in female group.

HIF-1α 1772 C/T and 1790 G/A polymorphisms are significantly associated with higher cancer risk: an updated meta-analysis from 34 case-control studies

Background

HIF-1 activates various genes in cancer progression and metastasis. HIF-1α 1772 C/T and 1790 G/A polymorphisms are reportedly associated with cancer risk; however, the results are inconclusive.

Methodology/Principal Findings

A meta-analysis of 34 studies that involved 7522 cases and 9847 controls for 1772 C/T and 24 studies that involved 4884 cases and 8154 controls for 1790 G/A was conducted to identify the association of C/T and G/A polymorphisms with cancer risk. Odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) were used to assess the strength of association.

HIF-1α 1772 C/T and 1790 G/A polymorphisms were associated with higher cancer risk in homozygote comparison (1772C/T: TT vs. CC: OR = 2.45, 95% CI: 1.52, 3.96; P_{heterogeneity} = 0.028; 1790G/A: AA vs. GG: OR=4.74, 95% CI: 1.78, 12.6; P_{heterogeneity} < 0.01), dominant model (1772C/T: TT/CT vs. CC: OR = 1.27, 95% CI: 1.04, 1.55; P_{heterogeneity} < 0.01, 1790G/A: AA/GA vs. GG: OR = 1.65, 95% CI: 1.05, 2.60; P_{heterogeneity} < 0.01), T allele versus C allele (T vs. C: OR = 1.42, 95% CI: 1.18, 1.70; P_{heterogeneity} < 0.01), and A allele versus G allele (A vs. G: OR = 1.83, 95% CI: 1.13, 2.96; P_{heterogeneity} < 0.01). On a subgroup analysis, the 1772 C/T polymorphism was significantly linked to higher risks for breast cancer, lung cancer, prostate cancer, and cervical cancer, whereas the 1790 G/A polymorphism was significantly linked to higher risks for lung cancer and prostate cancer. A significantly increased cancer risk was found in both Asians and Caucasians for 1772C/T polymorphism, whereas a significantly increased cancer risk was found in Caucasians in the heterozygote comparison and recessive model for 1790G/A polymorphism.

Conclusions

HIF-1α 1772 C/T and 1790 G/A polymorphisms are significantly associated with higher cancer risk.

The HIF1A functional genetic polymorphism at locus +1772 associates with progression to metastatic prostate cancer and refractoriness to hormonal castration

The hypoxia inducible factor 1 alpha (HIF1a) is a key regulator of tumour cell response to hypoxia, orchestrating mechanisms known to be involved in cancer aggressiveness and metastatic behaviour. In this study we sought to evaluate the association of a functional genetic polymorphism in HIF1A with overall and metastatic prostate cancer (PCa) risk and with response to androgen deprivation therapy (ADT). The HIF1A +1772 C>T (rs11549465) polymorphism was genotyped, using DNA isolated from peripheral blood, in 1490 male subjects (754 with prostate cancer and 736 controls cancer-free) through Real-Time PCR. A nested group of cancer patients who were eligible for androgen deprivation therapy was followed up. Univariate and multivariate models were used to analyse the response to hormonal treatment and the risk for developing distant metastasis. Age-adjusted odds ratios were calculated to evaluate prostate cancer risk. Our results showed that patients under ADT carrying the HIF1A +1772 T-allele have increased risk for developing distant metastasis (OR, 2.0; 95%CI, 1.1-3.9) and an independent 6-fold increased risk for resistance to ADT after multivariate analysis (OR, 6.0; 95%CI, 2.2-16.8). This polymorphism was not associated with increased risk for being diagnosed with prostate cancer (OR, 0.9; 95%CI, 0.7-1.2). The HIF1A +1772 genetic polymorphism predicts a more aggressive prostate cancer behaviour, supporting the involvement of HIF1a in prostate cancer biological progression and ADT resistance. Molecular profiles using hypoxia markers may help predict clinically relevant prostate cancer and response to ADT.

The association between HIF-1α polymorphism and cancer risk: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Epidemiological studies have assessed the association between HIF-1α polymorphisms and cancer risk. However, the results remained conflicting rather than conclusive. Therefore, we performed a systematic review to provide a complete picture and conducted a meta-analysis to derive a precise estimation. We searched PubMed, Embase, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) databases until July 2013 to identify eligible studies. Data sets (43) from 39 studies with a total of 10,841 cases and 14,682 controls were included. The most commonly investigated polymorphism was C1772T, followed by G1790A, C111A, and rs2057482. Overall, C1772T and G1790A but not rs2057482 were associated with increased risk for cancer. When stratified by cancer type, C1772T was associated with increased risk for cervical cancer (T/T vs. C/T+C/C: OR = 8.80, 95 % CI = 2.30-33.70), prostate cancer (T vs. C: OR = 1.54, 95 % CI = 1.04-2.30), and other cancers (T vs. C: OR = 1.42, 95 % CI = 1.07-1.89), but not oral, breast, colorectal, endometrial, lung, and bladder cancers or renal cell carcinoma. G1790A was associated with marginal but insignificant risk for prostate cancer (A vs. G: OR = 1.46, 95 % CI = 1.00-2.13, P = 0.056) and with increased risk for oral (A vs. G: OR = 9.66, 95 % CI = 1.31-71.15), lung (A vs. G: OR = 2.27, 95 % CI = 1.74-2.96), and other cancers (A vs. G: OR = 2.06, 95 % CI = 1.26-3.37) and renal cell carcinoma (A/A vs. G/A+G/G: OR = 3.05, 95 % CI = 1.36-6.84), but not breast, colorectal, cervical, or bladder cancer. Furthermore, we detected increased cancer risk in haplotypes TA and CA and in those carrying at least one risk allele, and decreased cancer risk in haplotype TG regarding C1772T and G1790A polymorphisms. Further well-designed studies on various cancer types are warranted to verify our findings.

Polymorphism in the hypoxia-inducible factor 1alpha gene may confer susceptibility to LDD in Chinese cohort

Objective

This study aimed to investigate whether or not hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) gene variants are associated with the susceptibility and clinical characteristics of lumbar disc degeneration (LDD).

Methods

We examined 320 patients with LDD and 447 gender- and age-matched control subjects. We also determined the HIF-1α gene variants, including C1772T (P582S) and G1790A (A588T) polymorphisms.

Results

Significant differences were observed in allelic and genotypic distributions of 1790 A > G polymorphisms between LDD cases and control subjects. Logistic regression revealed that 1790 AA genotypes indicated a protective effect against the development of LDD. The HIF-1α 1790 A > G polymorphisms also affected the severity of LDD as evaluated based on the modified Japanese Orthopedic Association (mJOA) scores. The 1790 AA genotype carriers exhibited significantly lower mJOA scores than AG and GG carriers. C1772T did not show any association with the risk and severity of LDD.

Conclusion

Our study suggested that HIF-1α 1790 A > G polymorphisms may be used as a molecular marker to determine the susceptibility and severity of LDD.

Clinicopathological significance of hypoxia-inducible factor-1 alpha polymorphisms in cancers: evidence from a meta-analysis

The associations between hypoxia-inducible factor-1 alpha (HIF-1α) and clinicopathological characteristics of cancers have been evaluated in various studies, with the conflicting results. Therefore, we conducted a meta-analysis by combining available data to derive a more precise estimation of the association. PubMed, Embase, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) were searched until February 2013 to identify eligible studies. A total of 25 studies were included, with all studies investigating the role of HIF-1α C1772T polymorphism in clinicopathological parameters in cancers while 17 of them investigating HIF-1α G1790A polymorphism only. Results suggested that HIF-1α C1772T polymorphism was associated with histological grade of cancer (T/T + C/T vs. C/C, grade 3 vs. grade 2: OR = 1.51, 95% CI = 1.08-2.13; grade 2 vs. grade 1: OR = 0.67, 95% CI = 0.46-0.97) and increased risk of lymph node metastasis (T/T + C/T vs. C/C: OR = 1.38, 95% CI = 1.13-1.68). HIF-1α G1790A polymorphism was found to be associated with increased risk of larger tumor size (G/G + G/A vs. A/A: OR = 1.64, 95% CI = 1.04-2.58) and borderline significant risk of lymph node metastasis (G/G + G/A vs. A/A: OR = 1.33, 95% CI = 1.00-1.78). Therefore, HIF-1α polymorphisms could be a potential prognostic factor for cancer. Further studies with larger data set and well-designed models are required to validate our findings.

Association between HIF1A P582S and A588T polymorphisms and the risk of urinary cancers: a meta-analysis

Purpose

The hypoxia-inducible factor-1 alpha (HIF1A) plays a vital role in cancer initiation and progression. Previous studies have reported the existence of HIF1A P582S and A588T missense polymorphisms in renal, urothelial and prostatic carcinomas, however the effects remain conflicting. Therefore, we performed a meta-analysis to assess the association between these sites and the susceptibility of urinary cancers.

Methods

We searched the PubMed database without limits on language until Nov 25, 2012 for studies exploring the relationship of HIF1A P582S and A588T polymorphisms and urinary cancers. Still, article search was supplemented by screening the references of retrieved studies manually. Odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) were calculated to evaluate the strength of the associations between the two by RevMan 5.0 software. Simultaneously, publication bias was estimated by funnel plot and Begg’s test with Stata 12.1 software.

Results

Overall, 11 individual case-control studies with 5195 cases and 5786 controls for P582S polymorphism, and 9 studies with 3482 cases and 4304 controls for A588T polymorphism were respectively included in the final meta-analysis. For HIF1A P582S polymorphism, individuals with TT genotype showed 1.60 fold higher risk than the others carrying CT or CC genotypes in Caucasian population (OR = 1.60, 95% CI = 1.09–2.33, P_{heterogeneity} = 0.11, P = 0.02). For HIF1A A588T polymorphism, the A allele was significantly correlated with higher urinary cancers risk in Asian population (OR = 1.41, 95% CI = 1.03–1.93, P_{heterogeneity} = 0.22, P = 0.03). Still, significant associations were found for prostate cancer in the allele and dominant models (OR = 1.46, 95% CI = 1.01–2.12, P_{heterogeneity} = 0.49, P = 0.04 and OR = 1.45, 95% CI = 1.00–2.12, P_{heterogeneity} = 0.50, P = 0.05).

Conclusions

The current findings suggest that HIF1A P582S polymorphism correlates with urinary cancers risk in Caucasian population, while A588T polymorphism may increase the risk of urinary cancers in Asian population and prostate cancer.