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Seck I, Ndoye SF, Kapchoup MVK, Nguemo F, Ciss I, Ba LA, Ba A, Sokhna S, Seck M. Effects of plant extracts and derivatives on cardiac K +, Nav, and Ca v channels: a review. Nat Prod Res 2024:1-28. [PMID: 38586947 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2024.2337112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/24/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
Natural products (NPs) are endless sources of compounds for fighting against several pathologies. Many dysfunctions, including cardiovascular disorders, such as cardiac arrhythmias have their modes of action regulation of the concentration of electrolytes inside and outside the cell targeting ion channels. Here, we highlight plant extracts and secondary metabolites' effects on the treatment of related cardiac pathologies on hERG, Nav, and Cav of cardiomyocytes. The natural product's pharmacology of expressed receptors like alpha-adrenergic receptors causes an influx of Ca2+ ions through receptor-operated Ca2+ ion channels. We also examine the NPs associated with cardiac contractions such as myocardial contractility by reducing the L-type calcium current and decreasing the intracellular calcium transient, inhibiting the K+ induced contractions, decreasing amplitude of myocyte shortening and showed negative ionotropic and chronotropic effects due to decreasing cytosolic Ca2+. We examine whether the NPs block potassium channels, particular the hERG channel and regulatory effects on Nav1.7.
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Affiliation(s)
- Insa Seck
- Laboratoire de Chimie de Coordination Organique, Université Cheikh Anta Diop de Dakar, Dakar, Senegal
- Laboratoire de Chimie Organique et Thérapeutique, Université Cheikh Anta Diop de Dakar, Dakar, Senegal
| | - Samba Fama Ndoye
- Laboratoire de Chimie Organique et Thérapeutique, Université Cheikh Anta Diop de Dakar, Dakar, Senegal
| | | | - Filomain Nguemo
- Institute of Neurophysiology, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Ismaila Ciss
- Laboratoire de Chimie Organique et Thérapeutique, Université Cheikh Anta Diop de Dakar, Dakar, Senegal
| | - Lalla Aicha Ba
- Laboratoire de Chimie Organique et Thérapeutique, Université Cheikh Anta Diop de Dakar, Dakar, Senegal
| | - Abda Ba
- Laboratoire de Chimie Organique et Thérapeutique, Université Cheikh Anta Diop de Dakar, Dakar, Senegal
| | - Seynabou Sokhna
- Laboratoire de Chimie Organique et Thérapeutique, Université Cheikh Anta Diop de Dakar, Dakar, Senegal
| | - Matar Seck
- Laboratoire de Chimie Organique et Thérapeutique, Université Cheikh Anta Diop de Dakar, Dakar, Senegal
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Zhang Y, Deng S, Zhong H, Liu M, Ding J, Geng R, Tu Q. Exploration and Clinical Verification of the Blood Co-Expression Genes of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Mild Cognitive Dysfunction in the Elderly. Biomedicines 2023; 11:biomedicines11040993. [PMID: 37189611 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11040993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Revised: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
With the development of society, the incidence of dementia and type 2 diabetes (T2DM) in the elderly has been increasing. Although the correlation between T2DM and mild cognitive impairment (MCI) has been confirmed in the previous literature, the interaction mechanism remains to be clarified. To explore the co-pathogenic genes in the blood of MCI and T2DM patients, clarify the correlation between T2DM and MCI, achieve the purpose of early disease prediction, and provide new ideas for the prevention and treatment of dementia. We downloaded T2DM and MCI microarray data from GEO databases and identified the differentially expressed genes associated with MCI and T2DM. We obtained co-expressed genes by intersecting differentially expressed genes. Then, we performed GO and KEGG enrichment analysis of co-DEGs. Next, we constructed the PPI network and found the hub genes in the network. By constructing the ROC curve of hub genes, the most valuable genes for diagnosis were obtained. Finally, the correlation between MCI and T2DM was clinically verified by means of a current situation investigation, and the hub gene was verified by qRT-PCR. A total of 214 co-DEGs were selected, 28 co-DEGs were up-regulated, and 90 co-DEGs were down-regulated. Functional enrichment analysis showed that co-DEGs were mainly enriched in metabolic diseases and some signaling pathways. The construction of the PPI network identified the hub genes in MCI and T2DM co-expression genes. We identified nine hub genes of co-DEGs, namely LNX2, BIRC6, ANKRD46, IRS1, TGFB1, APOA1, PSEN1, NPY, and ALDH2. Logistic regression analysis and person correlation analysis showed that T2DM was correlated with MCI, and T2DM increased the risk of cognitive impairment. The qRT-PCR results showed that the expressions of LNX2, BIRC6, ANKRD46, TGFB1, PSEN1, and ALDH2 were consistent with the results of bioinformatic analysis. This study screened the co-expressed genes of MCI and T2DM, which may provide new therapeutic targets for the diagnosis and treatment of diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zhang
- Department of Geriatrics, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai 519000, China
| | - Shengfeng Deng
- Department of Geriatrics, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai 519000, China
| | - Hongfei Zhong
- Department of Geriatrics, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai 519000, China
| | - Miao Liu
- Department of Geriatrics, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai 519000, China
| | - Jingwen Ding
- Department of Geriatrics, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai 519000, China
| | - Rulin Geng
- Department of Geriatrics, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai 519000, China
| | - Qiuyun Tu
- Department of Geriatrics, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai 519000, China
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Bai Y, Dong L, Yu C, Feng S, Liang G. Case Report: Surgical thrombectomy in a patient with isolated cortical vein thrombosis previously misdiagnosed as brain tumor. Front Oncol 2022; 12:977038. [DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.977038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
IntroductionAs a rare type of cerebral venous thrombosis, isolated cortical vein thrombosis (ICVT) is easily misdiagnosed as brain tumor, especially in the cases with prominent signs of parenchymal brain lesions. Despite controversy concerning the efficacy and safety, anticoagulant treatment dominates in current therapeutic strategies for ICVT. As yet, surgical thrombectomy in the treatment of ICVT has not been reported. We present hereafter a female with ICVT previously misdiagnosed as brain tumor who had successful surgical thrombectomy.Case descriptionA 54-year-old female with progressive left-sided limb weakness suddenly developed focal tonic-clonic epileptic seizure. Physical examination indicated strength of 0/5 in the left limbs. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed an irregular juxtacortical lesion surrounded with massive edema in the frontoparietal cortex, which was initially diagnosed as glioma. However, it turned out to be ICVT of the central sulcus vein during craniotomy. Then, venotomy and thrombectomy were performed, with instant recanalization of the vein noticed during surgery. In retrospect, we identified the suspected ICVT of the central sulcus vein in preoperative magnetic resonance venotography (MRV) and contrast MRI images. Laboratory tests also revealed homocysteinemia and hypercoagulable states in the patient. Follow-up MRV obtained 3 months after discharge showed cortical vein recanalization. At the one-year follow-up, she exhibited subtle sequelae of weakness in the left lower limb with a modified Rankin scale score of 1.DiscussionPhysicians should be aware of ICVT in the differential diagnoses in patients with risk factors, classical symptoms, and parenchymal brain lesions in or near cortex. Surgical thrombectomy excels at realizing definite recanalization and avoiding systematic complications of anticoagulation. It might be a therapeutic alternative for ICVT, especially when craniotomy is performed for treating intracranial hypertension or a definite diagnosis is made during craniotomy.
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Wang LS, Yen PT, Weng SF, Hsu JH, Yeh JL. Clinical Patterns of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Ischemic Heart Disease Treatment: A Population-Based Cohort Study. Medicina (B Aires) 2022; 58:medicina58070879. [PMID: 35888597 PMCID: PMC9320598 DOI: 10.3390/medicina58070879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Revised: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and objectives: Traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs) are widely prescribed to relieve ischemic heart disease (IHD); however, no cohort studies have been conducted on the use of TCMs for patients with IHD. The aim of the study was to analyze TCM prescription patterns for patients with IHD. Materials and Methods: The retrospective population-based study employed a randomly sampled cohort of 4317 subjects who visited TCM clinics. Data were obtained from the National Health Insurance Research Database (NHIRD) of Taiwan for the period covering 2000 to 2017. Data analysis focused on the top ten most commonly prescribed formulae and single TCMs. We also examined the most common two- and three-drug combinations of TCM in single prescriptions. Demographic characteristics included age and sex distributions. Analysis was performed on 22,441 prescriptions. Results: The majority of TCM patients were male (53.6%) and over 50 years of age (65.1%). Zhi-Gan-Cao-Tang (24.76%) was the most frequently prescribed formulae, and Danshen (28.89%) was the most frequently prescribed single TCM for the treatment of IHD. The most common two- and three-drug TCM combinations were Xue-Fu-Zhu-Yu-Tang and Danshen” (7.51%) and “Zhi-Gan-Cao-Tang, Yang-Xin-Tang, and Gua-Lou-Xie-Bai-Ban-Xia-Tang” (2.79%). Conclusions: Our results suggest that most of the frequently prescribed TCMs for IHD were Qi toning agents that deal with cardiovascular disease through the promotion of blood circulation. The widespread use of these drugs warrants large-scale, randomized clinical trials to investigate their effectiveness and safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lung-Shuo Wang
- Department of Chinese Medicine, Sin-Lau Hospital, Tainan 70142, Taiwan; (L.-S.W.); (P.-T.Y.)
- The School of Chinese Medicine for Post Baccalaureate, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung 82445, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Tzu Yen
- Department of Chinese Medicine, Sin-Lau Hospital, Tainan 70142, Taiwan; (L.-S.W.); (P.-T.Y.)
| | - Shih-Feng Weng
- Department of Healthcare Administration and Medical Informatics, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan;
| | - Jong-Hau Hsu
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
- Department of Pediatrics, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (J.-H.H.); (J.-L.Y.)
| | - Jwu-Lai Yeh
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (J.-H.H.); (J.-L.Y.)
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Kanani SH, Pandya DJ. Cucurbitacins: Nature’s Wonder Molecules. CURRENT TRADITIONAL MEDICINE 2022. [DOI: 10.2174/2215083808666220107104220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Abstract:
Over the past decades, several natural constituents belonging to different classes have been isolated from plants for medicinal purposes. Cucurbitacins is one such type of natural compound. Cucurbitacin is any of a class of biochemical compounds that some plants notably members of the pumpkin and gourd family, Cucurbitaceae produce and which function as a defense against herbivores. They and their derivatives have been found in many plant families (including Brassicaceae, Cucurbitaceae, Scrophulariaceae, Begoniaceae, Elaeocarpaceae, Datiscaceae, Desfontainiaceae, Polemoniaceae, Primulaceae, Rubiaceae, Sterculiaceae, Rosaceae, and Thymelaeaceae), in some mushrooms (including Russula and Hebeloma) and even in some marine mollusks. They have been isolated from various plant species, chiefly belonging to the Cucurbitaceae family which comprises around 130 genera and 800 species. Cucurbitacins are a group of tetracyclic triterpenoid substances that are highly oxygenated and contain a cucurbitane skeleton characterized by 9β-methyl−19-norlanosta-5-ene. Cucurbitacins can be categorized into twelve main groups according to variations in their side-chains. Cucurbitacins A, B, C, D, E, F, I, J, K, L, O, P, Q, R, S, and their glycosides are mainly found in Cucurbitaceae family members. These plants have been used as folk medicines in some countries because of their broad spectrum of crucial pharmacological activities such as anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, anti-diabetic, and anti-atherosclerotic effects. The present review explores the possibility of a correlation between the chemistry of various Cucurbitacins and the uses of the plants which contain them, thereby opening avenues for further phytochemical, ethnomedicinal, and modern pharmacological research on these important molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonal H. Kanani
- RK University, Rajkot, Gujarat; Faculty of Pharmacy, Marwadi University, Rajkot, Gujarat
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Chen L, Jiang H, Xing G, Guan B, Yang Y, Ahmed A, Ma X. Effects of Yunanan Baiyao adjunct therapy on postoperative recovery and clinical prognosis of patients with traumatic brain injury: A randomized controlled trial. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 89:153593. [PMID: 34182194 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2021.153593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2020] [Revised: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 05/05/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Effective therapies are needed to prevent the secondary injury and poor prognosis associated with emergency craniotomy of traumatic brain injury (TBI). HYPOTHESIS/PURPOSE The wound-healing medicine Yunnan Baiyao (YB) and Xingnaojing (XNJ) adjunct-therapy may improve the outcome of orthodox mono-therapy (OT). STUDY DESIGN Randomized controlled trial. METHODS Eighty patients with moderate-to-severe TBI received emergency craniotomy (within 12 h after TBI) at the Chinese PLA General Hospital before being randomly assigned to 4 different treatments (n = 20) for 7 days: 1) OT; 2) OT+XNJ (i.v. 20 ml/daily); 3) OT+low dose-YB (oral, 1,000 mg/day); 4) OT+high dose-YB, 2,000 mg/day). RESULTS GCS score was improved more quickly and became significantly higher in XNJ, l-YB, h-YB groups than in OT group (p<0.01). Serum S100B peaked higher but declined more slowly in OT group than in other groups (p<0.01). On postoperative Day 7, S100B was 20% below baseline in YB and XNJ groups but remained 19% above baseline in OT group which also lost 38% of superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity on Day 3 and recovered 69% of SOD on Day 7 whereas the YB and XNJ groups lost 16%∼23% of SOD activity on Day 3 and recovered 92%∼99% of SOD on Day 7 (p<0.01). Clinical prognosis (Glasgow Outcome Scale and Karnofsky Performance Scale) were significantly better (25%∼30%) in the XNJ, l-YB and h-YB groups than in OT group 3 months post-surgery and were correlated with serum S100B and SOD. CONCLUSIONS YB and XNJ adjunct therapies improved postoperative recovery and clinical prognosis in patients with moderate-to-severe TBI partly through divergent regulation of S100B and SOD pathways. (The trial was registered at Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (ChiCTR) trial registration number: ChiCTR2000030280).
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Affiliation(s)
- Lifeng Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, The first Medical Center of the Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Hongzhen Jiang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The first Medical Center of the Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Guoqiang Xing
- The Affiliated Hospital and the Second Clinical Medical College of North Sichuan Medical University, Nanchong Central Hospital, Nanchong 637000, China; Lotus Biotech.com LLC, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20878, Uinted States.
| | - Bing Guan
- Department of Health Economics, The first Medical Center of the Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China.
| | - Yang Yang
- Department of Neurology, The Second Medical Center of the Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Anwar Ahmed
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Biostatistics, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD 20814-4799, United States.
| | - Xiaodong Ma
- Department of Neurosurgery, The first Medical Center of the Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China.
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7
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Fierascu RC, Fierascu I, Baroi AM, Ortan A. Selected Aspects Related to Medicinal and Aromatic Plants as Alternative Sources of Bioactive Compounds. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:1521. [PMID: 33546333 PMCID: PMC7913593 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22041521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2021] [Revised: 01/30/2021] [Accepted: 01/31/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Natural compounds obtained from different medicinal and aromatic plants have gained respect as alternative treatments to synthetic drugs, as well as raw materials for different applications (cosmetic, food and feed industries, environment protection, and many others). Based on a literature survey on dedicated databases, the aim of the present work is to be a critical discussion of aspects regarding classical extraction versus modern extraction techniques; possibilities to scale up (advantages and disadvantages of different extraction methods usually applied and the influence of extraction parameters); and different medicinal and aromatic plants' different applications (medical and industrial applications, as well as the potential use in nanotechnology). As nowadays, research studies are directed toward the development of modern, innovative applications of the medicinal and aromatic plants, aspects regarding future perspectives are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Radu Claudiu Fierascu
- National Institute for Research & Development in Chemistry and Petrochemistry—ICECHIM, 060021 Bucharest, Romania; (R.C.F.); (A.M.B.)
- Department of Science and Engineering of Oxide Materials and Nanomaterials, University “Politehnica” of Bucharest, 011061 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Irina Fierascu
- National Institute for Research & Development in Chemistry and Petrochemistry—ICECHIM, 060021 Bucharest, Romania; (R.C.F.); (A.M.B.)
- Veterinary Medicine of Bucharest, University of Agronomic Sciences, 011464 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Anda Maria Baroi
- National Institute for Research & Development in Chemistry and Petrochemistry—ICECHIM, 060021 Bucharest, Romania; (R.C.F.); (A.M.B.)
- Veterinary Medicine of Bucharest, University of Agronomic Sciences, 011464 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Alina Ortan
- Veterinary Medicine of Bucharest, University of Agronomic Sciences, 011464 Bucharest, Romania;
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8
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Kapoor N, Ghorai SM, Kushwaha PK, Shukla R, Aggarwal C, Bandichhor R. Plausible mechanisms explaining the role of cucurbitacins as potential therapeutic drugs against coronavirus 2019. INFORMATICS IN MEDICINE UNLOCKED 2020; 21:100484. [PMID: 33251326 PMCID: PMC7685940 DOI: 10.1016/j.imu.2020.100484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2020] [Revised: 11/20/2020] [Accepted: 11/20/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
In the year 2019, the potent zoonotic virus, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) began to rage globally, which resulted in the World Health Organization (WHO) declaring it as a pandemic on March 11th, 2020. Although extensive research is currently ongoing worldwide to understand the molecular mechanism and disease pathogenicity of SARS-CoV-2, there are still many nuances to elucidate. Therefore, developing an appropriate vaccine or therapeutic drug to combat coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) is exceedingly challenging. Such scenarios require multifaceted approaches to identify suitable contenders for drugs against COVID-19. In this context, investigating natural compounds found in food, spices, and beverages can lead to the discovery of lead molecules that could be repurposed to treat COVID-19. Sixteen cucurbitacin analogues were investigated for activity against the SARS-CoV-2 main protease protein (Mpro), angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) binding receptor, nonstructural protein 12 (NSP12) RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp), NSP13 helicase, and Janus kinase 2 (JAK2)/signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) pathway using several relevant tools and simulated screening methods. All key proteins were found to bind efficiently only with cucurbitacin G 2-glucoside and cucurbitacin H with the lowest global energy. Further, the absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (ADME) of all the cucurbitacins were analysed to explore their drug profiles. Cucurbitacin G 2-glucoside and H showed the best hits and all the analogues showed no adverse properties that would diminish their drug-likeness abilities. The encouraging results of the current study may lay the foundation for future research and development of effective measures and preventive medications against SARS-CoV-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neha Kapoor
- Department of Chemistry, Hindu College, University of Delhi, Delhi, 110007, India
| | - Soma Mondal Ghorai
- Department of Zoology, Hindu College, University of Delhi, Delhi, 110007, India
| | - Prem Kumar Kushwaha
- Department of Chemistry, Birla Institute of Technology, Mesra, Ranchi, 835215, India
| | - Richa Shukla
- Department of Applied Science, Indian Institute of Information Technology, Allahabad, 211015, India
| | - Charu Aggarwal
- Department of Zoology, Hindu College, University of Delhi, Delhi, 110007, India
| | - Rakeshwar Bandichhor
- Integrated Product Development, Innovation Plaza, Dr. Reddy's Laboratories Ltd, Bachupally, Qutubullapur, Hyderabad, Telangana, 500090, India
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9
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Qiu L, Zhou W, Tan H, Tang X, Wang Y, Ma Z, Gao Y. Rethinking and new perspectives on cardiotoxicity of traditional Chinese medicine. Toxicol Res (Camb) 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c8tx00271a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) has been commonly used in clinical practice for thousands of years and has made enormous contributions to public health in China. However, the adverse effects on the cardiac system or TCM-induced cardiovascular diseases have emerged frequently in recent years, resulting in growing attention to the safety of TCM. Generally, TCM with adverse cardiac effects has typical therapeutic or toxic effects, which are based on specific material basis for efficacy/toxicity, specific clinical symptoms and toxic mechanisms. However, improper strategies adopted for research on the cardiotoxicity of TCM simply follow the basic principles of conventional toxicology and cause exaggerative or incorrect interpretations in the toxicity of TCM. In this review, we aim to present the classification and possible toxic mechanisms for TCM with cardiotoxicity based on the material basis for toxicity to rethink the existing problems in toxicity studies for TCM and provide new perspectives for research on the potential cardiotoxicity of TCM. We hope that this study can offer important theoretical support and scientific advice for the toxicity study and clinical rational use of TCM having cardiotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lizhen Qiu
- Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, PR China
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Wei Zhou
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Hongling Tan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Xianglin Tang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Yuguang Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Zengchun Ma
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Yue Gao
- Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, PR China
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, 100850, China
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Yang X, Liu N, Li X, Yang Y, Wang X, Li L, Jiang L, Gao Y, Tang H, Tang Y, Xing Y, Shang H. A Review on the Effect of Traditional Chinese Medicine Against Anthracycline-Induced Cardiac Toxicity. Front Pharmacol 2018; 9:444. [PMID: 29867456 PMCID: PMC5963334 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.00444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2017] [Accepted: 04/16/2018] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Anthracyclines are effective agents generally used to treat solid-tumor and hematologic malignancies. The use of anthracyclines for over 40 years has improved cancer survival statistics. Nevertheless, the clinical utility of anthracyclines is limited by its dose-dependent cardiotoxicity that adversely affects 10-30% of patients. Anthracycline-induced cardiotoxicity may be classified as acute/subacute or chronic/late toxicity and leads to devastating adverse effects resulting in poor quality of life, morbidity, and premature mortality. Traditional Chinese medicine has a history of over 2,000 years, involving both unique theories and substantial experience. Several studies have investigated the potential of natural products to decrease the cardiotoxic effects of chemotherapeutic agents on healthy cells, without negatively affecting their antineoplastic activity. This article discusses the mechanism of anthracycline-induced cardiotoxicity, and summarizes traditional Chinese medicine treatment for anthracycline-induced heart failure (HF), cardiac arrhythmia, cardiomyopathy, and myocardial ischemia in recent years, in order to provide a reference for the clinical prevention and treatment of cardiac toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyu Yang
- Guang'anmen Hospital, Chinese Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Chinese Internal Medicine of the Ministry of Education, Dongzhimen Hospital Affiliated to Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Nian Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital of the Capital University of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xinye Li
- Guang'anmen Hospital, Chinese Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Chinese Internal Medicine of the Ministry of Education, Dongzhimen Hospital Affiliated to Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yihan Yang
- Guang'anmen Hospital, Chinese Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Chinese Internal Medicine of the Ministry of Education, Dongzhimen Hospital Affiliated to Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaofeng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Internal Medicine of the Ministry of Education, Dongzhimen Hospital Affiliated to Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Linling Li
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital of the Capital University of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Le Jiang
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital of the Capital University of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yonghong Gao
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Internal Medicine of the Ministry of Education, Dongzhimen Hospital Affiliated to Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Hebin Tang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan, China
| | - Yong Tang
- Department of Pancreatic Oncology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Yanwei Xing
- Guang'anmen Hospital, Chinese Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Hongcai Shang
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Internal Medicine of the Ministry of Education, Dongzhimen Hospital Affiliated to Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
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11
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Wu K, Xie ZP, Cui DM, Zhang C. Formal total synthesis of salvianolic acid N. Org Biomol Chem 2018; 16:832-837. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ob03025h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Salvianolic acid N was synthesized starting from 3,4-dimethoxybenzaldehyde in 11 steps and with an overall yield of 11%. The key reaction steps were the Wittig reaction for Z-stereoselectivity, the copper catalyzed intramolecular cyclization for seven membered ring skeleton, and the deprotected allylic group with Pd catalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kong Wu
- College of Pharmaceutical Science
- Zhejiang University of Technology
- Hangzhou 310014
- China
| | - Zhong Pao Xie
- College of Pharmaceutical Science
- Zhejiang University of Technology
- Hangzhou 310014
- China
| | - Dong-Mei Cui
- College of Pharmaceutical Science
- Zhejiang University of Technology
- Hangzhou 310014
- China
| | - Chen Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Zhejiang University
- Hangzhou 310058
- China
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12
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Wu K, Song C, Cui DM, Zhang C. Synthesis of SMND-309, a derivate of salvianolic acid B. SYNTHETIC COMMUN 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/00397911.2017.1328602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kong Wu
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chan Song
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Dong-Mei Cui
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chen Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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13
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Chung TY, Lin NH, Li YC, Chen TY, Kuo PC, Chen WY, Tzen JTC. Detection of lithospermate B in rat plasma at the nanogram level by LC/MS in multi reaction monitoring mode. J Food Drug Anal 2017; 26:353-361. [PMID: 29389574 PMCID: PMC9332659 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfda.2017.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2016] [Revised: 01/08/2017] [Accepted: 06/13/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Low bioavailability and high binding affinity to plasma proteins led to the difficulty for the quantitative detection of lithospermate B (LSB) in plasma. This study aimed to develop a protocol for detecting LSB in plasma. A method was employed to quantitatively detect LSB of 5–500 ng/mL by LC/MS spectrometry in multi reaction monitoring mode via monitoring two major fragments with m/z values of 519 and 321 in the MS2 spectrum. To set up an adequate extraction solution to release LSB captured by plasma proteins, recovery yields of LSB extracted from rat plasma acidified by formic acid or HCl in the presence or absence of EDTA and caffeic acid were detected and compared using the above quantitative method. High recovery yield (~90%) was achieved when LSB (5–500 ng/mL) mixed in rat plasma was acidified by HCl (5 M) in the presence of EDTA (0.5 M) and caffeic acid (400 μg/mL). The lower limit of detection and the lower limit of quantification for LSB in the spiked plasma were calculated to be 1.8 and 5.4 ng/mL, respectively. Good accuracy (within ±10%) and precision (less than 10%) of intra- and inter-day quality controlled samples were observed. Oral bioavailability of LSB in rat model was detected via this optimized extraction method, and the maximum plasma concentration (Cmax) was found to be 1034.3 ± 510.5 μg/L at tmax around 10 min, and the area under the plasma concentration–time curve (AUC) was 1414.1 ± 851.2 μg·h/L.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tse-Yu Chung
- Graduate Institute of Biotechnology, National Chung-Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Nan-Hei Lin
- Graduate Institute of Biotechnology, National Chung-Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Yue-Chiun Li
- Graduate Institute of Biotechnology, National Chung-Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Tzu-Yin Chen
- Graduate Institute of Biotechnology, National Chung-Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Ping-Chung Kuo
- School of Pharmacy, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Wen-Ying Chen
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, National Chung-Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan, ROC.
| | - Jason T C Tzen
- Graduate Institute of Biotechnology, National Chung-Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan, ROC.
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14
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Tian HY, Ruan LJ, Yu T, Zheng QF, Chen NH, Wu RB, Zhang XQ, Wang L, Jiang RW, Ye WC. Bufospirostenin A and Bufogargarizin C, Steroids with Rearranged Skeletons from the Toad Bufo bufo gargarizans. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2017; 80:1182-1186. [PMID: 28256122 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.6b01018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Bufospirostenin A (1) and bufogargarizin C (2), two novel steroids with rearranged A/B rings, were isolated from the toad Bufo bufo gargarizans. Compound 1 represents the first spirostanol found in animals. Compound 2 is an unusual bufadienolide with a cycloheptatriene B ring. Their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic analysis, single crystal X-ray diffraction analysis, and computational calculations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Yan Tian
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Natural Products, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University , Guangzhou 510632, People's Republic of China
| | - Li-Jun Ruan
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Natural Products, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University , Guangzhou 510632, People's Republic of China
| | - Tong Yu
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Natural Products, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University , Guangzhou 510632, People's Republic of China
| | - Qing-Fei Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Bioorganic and Natural Products Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Shanghai 200032, People's Republic of China
| | - Nan-Hao Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University , Guangzhou 510006, People's Republic of China
| | - Rui-Bo Wu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University , Guangzhou 510006, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Qi Zhang
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Natural Products, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University , Guangzhou 510632, People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Wang
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Natural Products, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University , Guangzhou 510632, People's Republic of China
| | - Ren-Wang Jiang
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Natural Products, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University , Guangzhou 510632, People's Republic of China
| | - Wen-Cai Ye
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Natural Products, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University , Guangzhou 510632, People's Republic of China
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15
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Heravi M, Zadsirjan V, Hamidi H, Tabar Amiri PH. Total synthesis of natural products containing benzofuran rings. RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ra03551a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
In this review, various approaches for the construction of benzofurans as an important moiety in different natural products during the total synthesis of the natural of products are underscored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Majid M. Heravi
- Department of Chemistry
- School of Sciences
- Alzahra University
- Tehran
- Iran
| | - Vahideh Zadsirjan
- Department of Chemistry
- School of Sciences
- Alzahra University
- Tehran
- Iran
| | - Hoda Hamidi
- Department of Chemistry
- School of Sciences
- Alzahra University
- Tehran
- Iran
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16
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Tsai MY, Hu WL, Lin CC, Lee YC, Chen SY, Hung YC, Chen YH. Prescription pattern of Chinese herbal products for heart failure in Taiwan: A population-based study. Int J Cardiol 2016; 228:90-96. [PMID: 27863367 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2016.11.172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2016] [Accepted: 11/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Certain Chinese herbal products (CHPs) may protect against the progression of heart failure (HF). However, there is a lack of research regarding the use of CHPs in patients with HF. The aims of this study were to analyze CHPs usage patterns in patients with HF and to identify the frequency and combination of CHPs most commonly used for HF. METHODS This retrospective, nationwide, population-based cohort study was conducted using a randomly sampled cohort of one million patients selected from the National Health Insurance Research Database (NHIRD) for the years 2000-2010 in Taiwan. CHP use and the top ten most frequently prescribed formulae and single herbs for treating HF were assessed, including total formulae number and average and frequency of prescriptions. Demographic characteristics, including sex and age at diagnosis of HF, were examined, together with existing comorbidities. RESULTS The cohort included 19,988 newly diagnosed AD patients, who were given CHP treatment for HF between 2000 and 2010. Among them, female patients (53.3%) and those over 65years old (63.9%) were more likely to use CM. After adjusting for demographic factors, HF patients suffering from coronary artery disease (CAD) were more likely to seek traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) treatment than those with non-TCM users (57.6% vs. 52.6%). Zhi-Gan-Cao-Tang (4.07%) and Danshen (5.13%) were the most frequent formula CHP and single CHP prescribed by TCM practitioners for treating HF, respectively. CONCLUSION Most people with HF who consumed CHPs used CHPs to supplement Yang-Qi, nourish the Ying-blood, and strengthen the heart spirit as complementary medicines to relieve HF-related symptoms, in addition to using standard anti-HF treatments. Further large-scale, randomized clinical trials are warranted in order to determine the effectiveness and safety of these herbal medicines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Yen Tsai
- Graduate Institute of Integrated Medicine, College of Chinese Medicine, Research Center for Chinese Medicine & Acupuncture, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; Department of Chinese Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Long Hu
- Department of Chinese Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Che-Chen Lin
- Management Office for Health Data, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan; Healthcare Service Research Center (HSRC), Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Chiao Lee
- Department of Chinese Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Yu Chen
- School of Chinese Medicine for Post Baccalaureate, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chiang Hung
- Department of Chinese Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; School of Chinese Medicine for Post Baccalaureate, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
| | - Yung-Hsiang Chen
- Graduate Institute of Integrated Medicine, College of Chinese Medicine, Research Center for Chinese Medicine & Acupuncture, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; Department of Psychology, College of Medical and Health Science, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan.
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17
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Yang ZB, Luo XJ, Ren KD, Peng JJ, Tan B, Liu B, Lou Z, Xiong XM, Zhang XJ, Ren X, Peng J. Beneficial effect of magnesium lithospermate B on cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats involves the regulation of miR-107/glutamate transporter 1 pathway. Eur J Pharmacol 2015; 766:91-8. [PMID: 26420356 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2015.09.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2015] [Revised: 09/23/2015] [Accepted: 09/24/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Recent studies uncovered that glutamate accumulation following cerebral ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) was related to the dysfunction of miR-107/glutamate transporter-1(GLT-1) pathway and magnesium lithospermate B (MLB) possesses the pharmacological activity of anti-excitotoxicity. This study aims to explore whether MLB is able to protect rat brain from excitatory neurotoxicity during I/R by modulating miR-107/GLT-1 pathway. Rats were subjected to 2h of cerebral ischemia following by 24h of reperfusion to establish an I/R injury model, which showed an increase in neurological deficit score, infarct volume and cellular apoptosis concomitant with glutamate accumulation, miR-107 elevation and GLT-1 down-regulation. Administration of MLB reduced I/R-induced cerebral injury accompanied by a reverse in glutamate accumulation, miR-107 and GLT-1 expression. Next, we examined the association of MLB with miR-107/GLT-1 pathway in a nerve cell hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R) injury model. H/R treatment increased the nerve cells apoptosis concomitant with glutamate accumulation and miR-107 elevation, and suppressed GLT-1 expression, mimicking our in vivo findings. All these effects were reversed in the presence of MLB, confirming a strong correlation between MLB and miR-107/GLT-1 pathway. Based on these observations, we conclude that MLB is able to protect the rat brain from excitatory neurotoxicity during I/R through the regulation of miR-107/GLT-1 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhong-Bao Yang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China; Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China
| | - Xiu-Ju Luo
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China
| | - Kai-Di Ren
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China
| | - Jing-Jie Peng
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China; Department of Laboratory Medicine, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China
| | - Bin Tan
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China; Department of Pharmacology, Xiangnan University, Chenzhou 423000, China
| | - Bin Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China
| | - Zheng Lou
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China
| | - Xiao-Ming Xiong
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China; Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China
| | - Xiao-Jie Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China; Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China
| | - Xian Ren
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China
| | - Jun Peng
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China; Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China.
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18
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Kaushik U, Aeri V, Mir SR. Cucurbitacins - An insight into medicinal leads from nature. Pharmacogn Rev 2015; 9:12-8. [PMID: 26009687 PMCID: PMC4441156 DOI: 10.4103/0973-7847.156314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2014] [Revised: 03/27/2014] [Accepted: 05/05/2015] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Cucurbitacins which are structurally diverse triterpenes found in the members of Cucurbitaceae and several other plant families possess immense pharmacological potential. This diverse group of compounds may prove to be important lead molecules for future research. Research focused on these unattended medicinal leads from the nature can prove to be of immense significance in generating scientifically validated data with regard to their efficacy and possible role in various diseases. This review is aimed to provide an insight into the chemical nature and medicinal potential of these compounds exploring their proposed mode of action, probable molecular targets and to have an outlook on future directions of their use as medicinal agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ujjwal Kaushik
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, Phytochemistry Research Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy, New Delhi, India
| | - Vidhu Aeri
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, Phytochemistry Research Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy, New Delhi, India
| | - Showkat R Mir
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, Phytochemistry Research Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy, New Delhi, India
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19
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Li L, Zhou X, Li N, Sun M, Lv J, Xu Z. Herbal drugs against cardiovascular disease: traditional medicine and modern development. Drug Discov Today 2015; 20:1074-86. [PMID: 25956424 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2015.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2015] [Revised: 03/23/2015] [Accepted: 04/28/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Herbal products have been used as conventional medicines for thousands of years, particularly in Eastern countries. Thousands of clinical and experimental investigations have focused on the effects and mechanisms-of-action of herbal medicine in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). Considering the history of clinical practice and the great potentials of herb medicine and/or its ingredients, a review on this topic would be helpful. This article discusses possible effects of herbal remedies in the prevention and treatment of CVDs. Crucially, we also summarize some underlying pharmacological mechanisms for herb products in cardiovascular regulations, which might provide interesting information for further understanding the effects of herbal medicines, and boost the prospect of new herbal products against CVDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingjun Li
- Institute for Fetology, First Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
| | - Xiuwen Zhou
- Institute for Fetology, First Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
| | - Na Li
- Institute for Fetology, First Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
| | - Miao Sun
- Institute for Fetology, First Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
| | - Juanxiu Lv
- Institute for Fetology, First Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
| | - Zhice Xu
- Institute for Fetology, First Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China; Center for Perinatal Biology, Division of Pharmacology, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA 92350, USA.
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20
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Magnesium lithospermate B improves metabolic changes in high-fat diet-fed rats with metabolic syndrome. J Funct Foods 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2015.01.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
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21
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A case of chemotherapy-induced congestive heart failure successfully treated with Chinese herbal medicine. Complement Ther Med 2015; 23:251-6. [PMID: 25847563 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctim.2015.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2014] [Revised: 10/20/2014] [Accepted: 01/02/2015] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE A case is presented to illustrate a potential effect of Chinese herbal medicine (CHM) formulas in treating chemotherapy-induced cardiotoxicity. CLINICAL PRESENTATION An 18-year-old adolescent male with refractory acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) had experienced anthracycline-induced congestive heart failure (CHF) for 3 weeks. Under intensive care with conventional therapy, the patient still had exercise intolerance and depended on supplemental oxygen all day. Therefore, he consented to treatment with traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) for alternative therapy. INTERVENTIONS AND OUTCOMES This patient was treated with modified Zhi Gan Cao Tang (ZGCT), three times a day for 2 months. After 6 days of CHM treatment, the patient could tolerate daily activity without supplemental oxygen. After 2 months of CHM treatment, the follow-up chest X-ray showed great improvements in pulmonary edema and cardiomegaly. CONCLUSIONS In this case, anthracycline-induced cardiotoxicity resolved slowly following the administration of modified ZGCT. It is suggested that the CHM formula has a protective effect on the progression of CHF secondary to the use of anthracyclines in pediatric cancer. Further studies to determine the mechanism and clinical trials are warranted.
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22
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Li H, Qiang L, Zhang C, Wang C, Mu Z, Jiang L. Publication trends in studies examining radix notoginseng as a treatment for ischemic brain injury. Neural Regen Res 2014; 9:1635-42. [PMID: 25368652 PMCID: PMC4211207 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.141792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/14/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute ischemic stroke has become a major disease burden with high mortality and morbidity rates. There is a lack of evidence-based medicine confirming the efficacy of common treatments. Panax notoginseng saponins, the main active ingredient of radix notoginseng, have a neuroprotective role in ischemic brain injury, and have been popularized as a maintenance treatment for acute cerebral infarction and its sequelae. We conducted literature searches on the Web of Science, ClinicalTrials.gov, Cochrane Collaboration, CNKI, Wanfang and the China Scientific & Technological Achievements Database and analyzed the experimental and clinical outcomes of studies investigating the use of radix notoginseng in the treatment of ischemic brain injury to improve the understanding of relevant research trends and existing problems. We found that over the past 10 years, China has maintained its interest in Panax notoginseng research, while such studies are scarce on the Web of Science. However, Chinese researchers often focus on the neuroprotective role of radix notoginseng in ischemic brain injury, but there are no large-scale clinical data to confirm its efficacy and safety. There remains a need for more rigorous large-sample randomized controlled clinical trials with long-term follow-up, to determine whether radix notoginseng lowers stroke recurrence and improves patient's quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiping Li
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Beihua University, Jilin, Jilin Province, China
| | - Luo Qiang
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Beihua University, Jilin, Jilin Province, China
| | - Chunyang Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Beihua University, Jilin, Jilin Province, China
| | - Chaohui Wang
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Beihua University, Jilin, Jilin Province, China
| | - Zhenxing Mu
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Beihua University, Jilin, Jilin Province, China
| | - Ligang Jiang
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Beihua University, Jilin, Jilin Province, China
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Chen YJ, Chung TY, Chen WY, Chen CY, Lee MR, Jinn TR, Tc Tzen J. Detecting metabolites of different transition metal-lithospermate B complexes after intravenous injection in rats. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2014; 35:937-44. [PMID: 24989253 DOI: 10.1038/aps.2014.37] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2014] [Accepted: 03/31/2014] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM Lithospermate B (LSB) isolated from the traditional Chinese medicine danshen (Salvia miltiorrhiza) is an effective Na(+)/K(+)-ATPase inhibitor and used to treat congestive heart failure. The inhibition of LSB on Na(+)/K(+)-ATPase is potentiated by forming complexes with transition metal ions. Here we investigated the safety and metabolites of different transition metal-LSB complexes in rats. METHODS LSB complexed with six different transition metal ions (Mg(2+), Zn(2+), Cr(3+), Co(2+), Ni(2+) and Mn(2+)) were prepared. Adult male SD rats were injected with the different metal-LSB complexes (50 mg/kg, iv), and their bile and blood samples were collected. The metabolites of the metal-LSB complexes in the samples were analyzed using mass spectroscopy. RESULTS In rats injected with LSB complexed with Mg(2+), Zn(2+), Cr(3+), Ni(2+) or Mn(2+), LSB and its four putative metabolites were equivalently detected in their bile samples. Mn(2+)-LSB exhibited distinct metabolite profiles compared with the other four metal-LSB complexes. The four putative metabolites were identified as 3-monomethyl-LSB, 3,3''-dimethyl-LSB, 3,3'''-dimethyl-LSB and 3,3'',3'''-trimethyl-LSB. The tracking of successive bile samples of rats injected with Mg(2+)-LSB, Zn(2+)-LSB and Mn(2+)-LSB concurrently demonstrated that LSB was firstly methylated at position 3, then at position 3'', and, finally, the 3''' hydroxyl group. All rats injected with Co(2+)-LSB died. CONCLUSION Zn(2+)-LSB, Cr(3+)-LSB, Ni(2+)-LSB or Mn(2+)-LSB produces identical four methylated metabolites of LSB in rats, and seemed to be as safe as LSB or Mg(2+)-LSB.
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24
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Mitsuda S, Yokomichi T, Yokoigawa J, Kataoka T. Ursolic acid, a natural pentacyclic triterpenoid, inhibits intracellular trafficking of proteins and induces accumulation of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 linked to high-mannose-type glycans in the endoplasmic reticulum. FEBS Open Bio 2014; 4:229-39. [PMID: 24649404 PMCID: PMC3958921 DOI: 10.1016/j.fob.2014.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2014] [Revised: 02/10/2014] [Accepted: 02/19/2014] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Ursolic acid inhibits cell-surface expression of ICAM-1. Ursolic acid induces accumulation of high-mannose-type ICAM-1 in ER. Ursolic acid induces morphological changes of Golgi apparatus. Ursolic acid inhibits intracellular trafficking of proteins.
Ursolic acid (3β-hydroxy-urs-12-en-28-oic acid) is a natural pentacyclic triterpenoid that is present in many plants, including medicinal herbs, and foods. Ursolic acid was initially identified as an inhibitor of the expression of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) in response to interleukin-1α (IL-1α). We report here a novel biological activity: ursolic acid inhibits intracellular trafficking of proteins. Ursolic acid markedly inhibited the IL-1α-induced cell-surface ICAM-1 expression in human cancer cell lines and human umbilical vein endothelial cells. By contrast, ursolic acid exerted weak inhibitory effects on the IL-1α-induced ICAM-1 expression at the protein level. Surprisingly, we found that ursolic acid decreased the apparent molecular weight of ICAM-1 and altered the structures of N-linked oligosaccharides bound to ICAM-1. Ursolic acid induced the accumulation of ICAM-1 in the endoplasmic reticulum, which was linked mainly to high-mannose-type glycans. Moreover, in ursolic-acid-treated cells, the Golgi apparatus was fragmented into pieces and distributed over the cells. Thus, our results reveal that ursolic acid inhibits intracellular trafficking of proteins and induces the accumulation of ICAM-1 linked to high-mannose-type glycans in the endoplasmic reticulum.
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Key Words
- BSA, bovine serum albumin
- ER, endoplasmic reticulum
- Endo H, endoglycosidase H
- Glycosylation
- Golgi apparatus
- HRP, horseradish peroxidase
- HUVEC, human umbilical vein endothelial cells
- ICAM-1, intercellular adhesion molecule-1
- IL-1, interleukin-1
- Intercellular adhesion molecule-1
- Intracellular trafficking
- IκB, inhibitor of nuclear factor κB
- MTT, 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide
- NF-κB, nuclear factor κB
- PBS, phosphate-buffered saline
- PNGase F, peptide: N-glycosidase F
- Ursolic acid
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoshi Mitsuda
- Department of Applied Biology, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Matsugasaki, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8585, Japan
| | - Tomonobu Yokomichi
- Department of Applied Biology, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Matsugasaki, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8585, Japan
| | - Junpei Yokoigawa
- Department of Applied Biology, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Matsugasaki, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8585, Japan
| | - Takao Kataoka
- Department of Applied Biology, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Matsugasaki, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8585, Japan
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25
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Abstract
The total synthesis of a methylated analogue of (+)-Salvianolic acid C has been achieved. Key aspects of the synthetic route include an economical Cu(I) acetylide coupling, unique carboxyl activation conditions via microwave irradiation and a novel lipase catalysed kinetic resolution of a racemic mixture of secondary alcohol Danshensu. The preparation of this methylated analogue will not only improve the bioavailability, but also enable access to new and wider bioactivity applications for (+)-Salvianolic acid C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin L Alford
- RMIT University, School of Applied Science [Applied Chemistry], Bowen Street, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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Bimpis A, Papalois A, Tsakiris S, Kalafatakis K, Zarros A, Gkanti V, Skandali N, Al-Humadi H, Kouzelis C, Liapi C. Modulation of crucial adenosinetriphosphatase activities due to U-74389G administration in a porcine model of intracerebral hemorrhage. Metab Brain Dis 2013; 28:439-46. [PMID: 23344690 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-013-9380-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2012] [Accepted: 01/11/2013] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) represents a partially-understood cerebrovascular disease of high incidence, morbidity and mortality. We, herein, report the findings of our study concerning the role of two important adenosinetriphosphatases (ATPases) in a porcine model of spontaneous ICH that we have recently developed (by following recent references as well as previously-established models and techniques), with a focus on the first 4 and 24 h following the lesion's induction, in combination with a study of the effectiveness of the lazaroid antioxidant U-74389G administration. Our study demonstrates that the examined ICH model does not cause a decrease in Na(+),K(+)-ATPase activity (the levels of which are responsible for a very large part of neuronal energy expenditure) in the perihematomal basal ganglia territory, nor a change in the activity of Mg(2+)-ATPase. This is the first report focusing on these crucial ATPases in the experimental setting of ICH and differs from the majority of the findings concerning the behavior of these (crucial for central nervous system cell survival) enzymes under stroke-related ischemic conditions. The administration of U-74389G (an established antioxidant) in this ICH model revealed an injury specific type of behavior, that could be considered as neuroprotective provided that one considers that Na(+),K(+)- and Mg(2+)-ATPase inhibition might in this case diminish the local ATP consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexios Bimpis
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
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Lin NH, Chung TY, Li FY, Chen HA, Tzen JTC. Enhancing the potency of lithospermate B for inhibiting Na+/K+-ATPase activity by forming transition metal ion complexes. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2013; 34:893-900. [PMID: 23685954 DOI: 10.1038/aps.2013.32] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2012] [Accepted: 03/11/2013] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM To determine whether replacing Mg(2+) in magnesium lithospermate B (Mg-LSB) isolated from danshen (Salvia miltiorrhiza) with other metal ions could affect its potency in inhibition of Na(+)/K(+)-ATPase activity. METHODS Eight metal ions (Na(+), K(+), Mg(2+), Cr(3+), Mn(2+), Co(2+), Ni(2+), and Zn(2+)) were used to form complexes with LSB. The activity of Na(+)/K(+)-ATPase was determined by measuring the amount of inorganic phosphate (Pi) liberated from ATP. Human adrenergic neuroblastoma cell line SH-SY5Y was used to assess the intracellular Ca(2+) level fluctuation and cell viability. The metal binding site on LSB and the binding mode of the metal-LSB complexes were detected by NMR and visible spectroscopy, respectively. RESULTS The potencies of LSB complexed with Cr(3+), Mn(2+), Co(2+), or Ni(2+) increased by approximately 5 times compared to the naturally occurring LSB and Mg-LSB. The IC50 values of Cr-LSB, Mn-LSB, Co-LSB, Ni-LSB, LSB, and Mg-LSB in inhibition of Na(+)/K(+)-ATPase activity were 23, 17, 26, 25, 101, and 128 μmol/L, respectively. After treatment of SH-SY5Y cells with the transition metal-LSB complexes (25 μmol/L), the intracellular Ca(2+) level was substantially elevated, and the cells were viable for one day. The transition metals, as exemplified by Co(2+), appeared to be coordinated by two carboxylate groups and one carbonyl group of LSB. Titration of LSB against Co(2+) demonstrated that the Co-LSB complex was formed with a Co(2+):LSB molar ratio of 1:2 or 1:1, when [Co(2+)] was less than half of the [LSB] or higher than the [LSB], respectively. CONCLUSION LSB complexed with Cr(3+), Mn(2+), Co(2+), or Ni(2+) are stable, non-toxic and more potent in inhibition of Na(+)/K(+)-ATPase. The transition metal-LSB complexes have the potential to be superior substitutes for cardiac glycosides in the treatment of congestive heart failure.
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Zheng SD, Wu HJ, Wu DL. Roles and mechanisms of ginseng in protecting heart. Chin J Integr Med 2013; 18:548-55. [DOI: 10.1007/s11655-012-1148-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2011] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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Wu WY, Wang YP. Pharmacological actions and therapeutic applications of Salvia miltiorrhiza depside salt and its active components. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2012; 33:1119-30. [PMID: 22941285 DOI: 10.1038/aps.2012.126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Salvia miltiorrhiza, a traditional medical herb known as danshen, has been widely used in China to improve blood circulation, relieve blood stasis, and treat coronary heart disease. S miltiorrhiza depside salt is a novel drug recently developed at the Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica; it contains magnesium lithospermate B (MLB) and its analogs, rosmarinic acid (RA) and lithospermic acid (LA), as active components. The drug has been used in the clinic to improve blood circulation and treat coronary heart disease. The pharmacological effects of the depside salt from S miltiorrhiza and its components have been extensively investigated. Experimental studies have demonstrated that magnesium lithospermate B possesses a variety of biological activities, especially protective effects in the cardiovascular system such as attenuation of atherosclerosis and protection against myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury. Rosmarinic acid and lithospermic acid also show beneficial effects on the cardiovascular system. This paper reviews the recent findings regarding the mechanisms underlying the pharmacological actions of the active components of S miltiorrhiza depside salt, based on published works and our own observations.
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Chung TY, Li FY, Chang CI, Jinn TR, Tzen JTC. Inhibition of Na+/K+-ATPase by Antcins, Unique Steroid-Like Compounds in Antrodia camphorate. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CHINESE MEDICINE 2012; 40:953-65. [DOI: 10.1142/s0192415x1250070x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
The inhibition of Na+/K+ -ATPase by versatile steroid-like compounds contributes to the putative therapeutic effects of many Chinese medicinal cardiac products via the same molecular mechanism triggered by cardiac glycosides. Five major steroid-like compounds, antcin A, B, C, H, and K were isolated from Niuchangchih (Antrodia camphorata), a unique Taiwan mushroom, and all inhibited Na+/K+ -ATPase. Antcin A exhibited significantly higher inhibitory potency than the other four antcins, though weaker than ginsenoside Rh2 . In contrast, cortisone (an analogous steroid with anti-inflammatory effects stronger than antcin A) showed no detectable inhibitory potency. Molecular modeling has shown that antcins bind to Na+/K+ -ATPase with the steroidal skeleton structurally upside-down in comparison with ginsenoside Rh2 . The inhibitory potency of antcin A is attributed to steroidal hydrophobic interaction within the binding pocket and the formation of three hydrogen bonds between its carboxyl group and two cationic residues around the cavity entrance of Na+/K+ -ATPase. The presence of an additional carbonyl or hydroxyl group at C7 of the other four antcins leads to severe repulsion in the hydrophobic pocket, and thus significantly reduces inhibitory potency. It is proposed that antcin A is a bi-functional compound that exerts anti-inflammatory effects and that enhances blood circulation via two different molecular mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tse-Yu Chung
- Graduate Institute of Biotechnology, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 40227, Taiwan
| | - Feng-Yin Li
- Department of Chemistry, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 40227, Taiwan
| | - Chi-I Chang
- Graduate Institute of Biotechnology, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung 91201, Taiwan
| | - Tzyy-Rong Jinn
- School of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
| | - Jason T. C. Tzen
- Department of Chemistry, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 40227, Taiwan
- School of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
- Agricultural Biotechnology Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
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Cheng CC, Yang SP, Lin WS, Ho LJ, Lai JH, Cheng SM, Lin WY. Magnesium lithospermate B mediates anti-inflammation targeting activator protein-1 and nuclear factor-kappa B signaling pathways in human peripheral T lymphocytes. Int Immunopharmacol 2012; 13:354-61. [PMID: 22569344 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2012.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2012] [Revised: 04/18/2012] [Accepted: 04/19/2012] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The activation of T lymphocytes contributes to the inflammatory processes of atherosclerotic diseases. Danshen is a traditional Chinese medicine and has shown therapeutic effects in patients with cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. We investigated the effects of aqueous extract of Danshen (magnesium lithospermate B (MLB)) on phorbol 12-myristate acetate+ionomycin and anti-CD3+anti-CD28 monoclonal antibody-activated T cells. We showed that MLB inhibited interleukin (IL)-2, IL-4, tumor necrosis factor-alpha and interferon-gamma production from activated T cells. The expressions of T cell activation markers CD 25 and CD 69 were effectively reduced. EMSA analysis indicated that MLB down-regulated activator protein-1 (AP-1), nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) and octamer binding transcription factor (Oct-1) DNA-binding activity. In addition, MLB inhibited c-jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) but not extracellular signal regulated protein kinase activity. MLB also inhibited IκBα degradation, nuclear translocation of p65 and p50 as well as decreased IκBα kinase (IKK) activity. Through suppressing JNK-AP-1, IKK-IκBα-NF-κB and Oct-1 signaling pathways by MLB in activated T cells, our results provide support for efficacy of MLB in inflammatory diseases and raise its therapeutic potential in activated T cell-mediated pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Chung Cheng
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, No. 325 Section 2 Cheng-Kung Road, Neihu, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
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Ursolic Acid Inhibits Na+/K+-ATPase Activity and Prevents TNF-α-Induced Gene Expression by Blocking Amino Acid Transport and Cellular Protein Synthesis. Biomolecules 2011; 1:32-47. [PMID: 24970122 PMCID: PMC4030829 DOI: 10.3390/biom1010032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2011] [Revised: 10/26/2011] [Accepted: 10/27/2011] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, induce the expression of a wide variety of genes, including intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1). Ursolic acid (3β-hydroxy-urs-12-en-28-oic acid) was identified to inhibit the cell-surface ICAM-1 expression induced by pro-inflammatory cytokines in human lung carcinoma A549 cells. Ursolic acid was found to inhibit the TNF-α-induced ICAM-1 protein expression almost completely, whereas the TNF-α-induced ICAM-1 mRNA expression and NF-κB signaling pathway were decreased only partially by ursolic acid. In line with these findings, ursolic acid prevented cellular protein synthesis as well as amino acid uptake, but did not obviously affect nucleoside uptake and the subsequent DNA/RNA syntheses. This inhibitory profile of ursolic acid was similar to that of the Na+/K+-ATPase inhibitor, ouabain, but not the translation inhibitor, cycloheximide. Consistent with this notion, ursolic acid was found to inhibit the catalytic activity of Na+/K+-ATPase. Thus, our present study reveals a novel molecular mechanism in which ursolic acid inhibits Na+/K+-ATPase activity and prevents the TNF-α-induced gene expression by blocking amino acid transport and cellular protein synthesis.
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