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Rudrapal M, Rakshit G, Singh RP, Garse S, Khan J, Chakraborty S. Dietary Polyphenols: Review on Chemistry/Sources, Bioavailability/Metabolism, Antioxidant Effects, and Their Role in Disease Management. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:429. [PMID: 38671877 PMCID: PMC11047380 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13040429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2024] [Revised: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Polyphenols, as secondary metabolites ubiquitous in plant sources, have emerged as pivotal bioactive compounds with far-reaching implications for human health. Plant polyphenols exhibit direct or indirect associations with biomolecules capable of modulating diverse physiological pathways. Due to their inherent abundance and structural diversity, polyphenols have garnered substantial attention from both the scientific and clinical communities. The review begins by providing an in-depth analysis of the chemical intricacies of polyphenols, shedding light on their structural diversity and the implications of such diversity on their biological activities. Subsequently, an exploration of the dietary origins of polyphenols elucidates the natural plant-based sources that contribute to their global availability. The discussion extends to the bioavailability and metabolism of polyphenols within the human body, unraveling the complex journey from ingestion to systemic effects. A central focus of the review is dedicated to unravelling the antioxidant effects of polyphenols, highlighting their role in combating oxidative stress and associated health conditions. The comprehensive analysis encompasses their impact on diverse health concerns such as hypertension, allergies, aging, and chronic diseases like heart stroke and diabetes. Insights into the global beneficial effects of polyphenols further underscore their potential as preventive and therapeutic agents. This review article critically examines the multifaceted aspects of dietary polyphenols, encompassing their chemistry, dietary origins, bioavailability/metabolism dynamics, and profound antioxidant effects. The synthesis of information presented herein aims to provide a valuable resource for researchers, clinicians, and health enthusiasts, fostering a deeper understanding of the intricate relationship between polyphenols and human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mithun Rudrapal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Vignan’s Foundation for Science, Technology & Research (Deemed to be University), Guntur 522213, India
| | - Gourav Rakshit
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Technology, Birla Institute of Technology, Ranchi 835215, India; (G.R.); (R.P.S.); (S.C.)
| | - Ravi Pratap Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Technology, Birla Institute of Technology, Ranchi 835215, India; (G.R.); (R.P.S.); (S.C.)
| | - Samiksha Garse
- School of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, D Y Patil Deemed to be University, Navi Mumbai 400614, India;
| | - Johra Khan
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Majmaah University, Al Majmaah 11952, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Soumi Chakraborty
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Technology, Birla Institute of Technology, Ranchi 835215, India; (G.R.); (R.P.S.); (S.C.)
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Bakrim S, Machate H, Benali T, Sahib N, Jaouadi I, Omari NE, Aboulaghras S, Bangar SP, Lorenzo JM, Zengin G, Montesano D, Gallo M, Bouyahya A. Natural Sources and Pharmacological Properties of Pinosylvin. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 11:plants11121541. [PMID: 35736692 PMCID: PMC9228742 DOI: 10.3390/plants11121541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Revised: 06/06/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Pinosylvin (3,5-dihydroxy-trans-stilbene), a natural pre-infectious stilbenoid toxin, is a terpenoid polyphenol compound principally found in the Vitaceae family in the heartwood of Pinus spp. (e.g., Pinus sylvestris) and in pine leaf (Pinus densiflora). It provides defense mechanisms against pathogens and insects for many plants. Stilbenoids are mostly found in berries and fruits but can also be found in other types of plants, such as mosses and ferns. This review outlined prior research on pinosylvin, including its sources, the technologies used for its extraction, purification, identification, and characterization, its biological and pharmacological properties, and its toxicity. The collected data on pinosylvin was managed using different scientific research databases such as PubMed, SciFinder, SpringerLink, ScienceDirect, Wiley Online, Google Scholar, Web of Science, and Scopus. In this study, the findings focused on pinosylvin to understand its pharmacological and biological activities as well as its chemical characterization to explore its potential therapeutic approaches for the development of novel drugs. This analysis demonstrated that pinosylvin has beneficial effects for various therapeutic purposes such as antifungal, antibacterial, anticancer, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, neuroprotective, anti-allergic, and other biological functions. It has shown numerous and diverse actions through its ability to block, interfere, and/or stimulate the major cellular targets responsible for several disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saad Bakrim
- Molecular Engineering, Valorization and Environment Team, Polydisciplinary Faculty of Taroudant, Ibn Zohr University, Agadir B.P. 32/S, Morocco;
| | - Hamza Machate
- Laboratory of Biotechnology, Environment, Agri-Food and Health (LBEAS), Faculty of Sciences, University Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah (USMBA), Fez B.P. 1796, Morocco;
| | - Taoufiq Benali
- Environment and Health Team, Polydisciplinary Faculty of Safi, Cadi Ayyad University, Sidi Bouzid B.P. 4162, Morocco;
| | - Nargis Sahib
- Laboratoire d’Amélioration des Productions Agricoles, Biotechnologie et Environnement (LAPABE), Faculté des Sciences, Mohammed Premier University, Oujda 60000, Morocco;
| | - Imane Jaouadi
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Catalysis and Environment, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Ibn Tofail University, B.P.:133, Kenitra 14000, Morocco;
| | - Nasreddine El Omari
- Laboratory of Histology, Embryology, and Cytogenetic, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Rabat 10100, Morocco;
| | - Sara Aboulaghras
- Physiology and Physiopathology Team, Faculty of Sciences, Genomic of Human Pathologies Research, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Rabat 10100, Morocco;
| | - Sneh Punia Bangar
- Department of Food, Nutrition and Packaging Sciences, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634, USA;
| | - José Manuel Lorenzo
- Centro Tecnológico de la Carne de Galicia, Rúa Galicia Nº 4, Parque Tecnológico de Galicia, San Cibrao das Viñas, 32900 Ourense, Spain;
- Facultade de Ciencias, Universidade de Vigo, Área de Tecnoloxía dos Alimentos, 32004 Ourense, Spain
| | - Gokhan Zengin
- Department of Biology, Science Faculty, Selcuk University, Konya 42130, Turkey;
| | - Domenico Montesano
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, Via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Naples, Italy;
| | - Monica Gallo
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, Via Pansini, 5, 80131 Naples, Italy
- Correspondence: (M.G.); (A.B.)
| | - Abdelhakim Bouyahya
- Laboratory of Human Pathologies Biology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Rabat 10100, Morocco
- Correspondence: (M.G.); (A.B.)
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Natural products isolation studies of the paleoendemic plant species Nothofagus gunnii and Nothofagus cunninghamii. Fitoterapia 2021; 156:105088. [PMID: 34798163 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2021.105088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Revised: 11/09/2021] [Accepted: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The first natural product isolation studies of Nothofagus gunnii (Hook.f.) Oerst and Nothofagus cunninghamii (Hook.f.) Oerst have been undertaken. A previously unreported stilbene derivative, pinosylvin monoacetate, was isolated from the leaves of N. gunnii, in addition to 14 known compounds; including the flavonoids galangin, pinobanksin, catechin and quercetin; sesquiterpenoids such as, ilicol and (+)-β-costol acetate; 2,4-dihydroxy-6-methoxychalcone and pinosylvin. Four known flavonoid natural products, catechin, quercetin, ayanin, and avicularin were isolated from the leaves of N. cunninghamii. This study reveals that N. gunnii is a rich source of flavonoid, chalcone and stilbene compounds, while primarily hydroxyflavonoid compounds are found in N. cunninghamii. The isolated phytochemicals are consistent with the evolutionary relationships suggested to exist among Nothofagus species.
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Zhang W, Sun C, Zhou S, Zhao W, Wang L, Sheng L, Yi J, Liu T, Yan J, Ma X, Fang B. Recent advances in chemistry and bioactivity of Sargentodoxa cuneata. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 270:113840. [PMID: 33460761 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2021.113840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2020] [Revised: 12/28/2020] [Accepted: 01/12/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE The genus Sargentodoxa comprises only one species, Sargentodoxa cuneata (Oliv.) Rehd et al., widely distributed in the subtropical zone of China. The plant is extensively used in traditional medicine for treating arthritis, joint pains, amenorrhea, acute appendicitis and inflammatory intestinal obstruction. Pharmacological studies show anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antitumor, antimicrobial, and anti-sepsis activities. AIM OF THE REVIEW This review aims to summarize the information about distribution, traditional uses, chemical constituents and pharmacological activities of S. cuneata, as an attempt to provide a scientific basis for its traditional uses and to support its application and development for new drug development. METHODOLOGY Scientific information of S. cuneata was retrieved from the online bibliographic databases, including Web of Science, Google Scholar, PubMed, Springer Link, the Wiley online library, SciFinder, Baidu Scholar, China national knowledge infrastructure (CNKI) and WANFANG DATA (up to March 2020). We also search doctoral dissertations, master dissertations conference papers and published books. The keywords were used: "Sargentodoxa", "Da Xue Teng", "Hong Teng", "Xue Teng", "secondary metabolites", "chemical components", "biological activity", "pharmacology", "traditional uses". OBSERVATIONS AND RESULTS S. cuneata is utilized as valuable herbal medicines to treat various diseases in China. Over 110 chemical constituents have been isolated and identified from the stem of S. cuneata, including phenolic acids, phenolic glycosides, lignans, flavones, triterpenoids and other compounds. The extract and compounds of S. cuneata have a wide spectrum of pharmacological activities, including antitumor, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antimicrobial, anti-sepsis and anti-arthritis effects, as well as protective activity against cerebrovascular diseases. CONCLUSION S. cuneata has a rich legacy for the treatment of many diseases, especially arthritis and sepsis, which is reinforced by current investigations. However, the present studies about bioactive chemical constituents and detail pharmacological mechanisms of S. cuneata were insufficient. Further studies should focus on these aspects in relation to its clinical applications. This review has systematically summarized the traditional uses, phytochemical constituents and pharmacological effects of S. cuneata, providing references for the therapeutic potential of new drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Zhang
- Department of Emergency, LongHua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Chengpeng Sun
- Dalian Key Laboratory of Metabolic Target Characterization and Traditional Chinese Medicine Intervention, College of Pharmacy, College of Integrative Medicine, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044, China
| | - Shuang Zhou
- Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Wenyu Zhao
- Dalian Key Laboratory of Metabolic Target Characterization and Traditional Chinese Medicine Intervention, College of Pharmacy, College of Integrative Medicine, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044, China
| | - Lin Wang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine Shanghai Pudong New Area People's Hospital Pudong, Shanghai, 201200, China
| | - Lingli Sheng
- Nephrology, Pudong Branch of Longhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Jing Yi
- Dalian Key Laboratory of Metabolic Target Characterization and Traditional Chinese Medicine Intervention, College of Pharmacy, College of Integrative Medicine, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044, China
| | - Tiantian Liu
- Dalian Key Laboratory of Metabolic Target Characterization and Traditional Chinese Medicine Intervention, College of Pharmacy, College of Integrative Medicine, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044, China
| | - Juanjuan Yan
- Dalian Key Laboratory of Metabolic Target Characterization and Traditional Chinese Medicine Intervention, College of Pharmacy, College of Integrative Medicine, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044, China
| | - Xiaochi Ma
- Dalian Key Laboratory of Metabolic Target Characterization and Traditional Chinese Medicine Intervention, College of Pharmacy, College of Integrative Medicine, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044, China.
| | - Bangjiang Fang
- Department of Emergency, LongHua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200032, China.
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Singh R, Chandel S, Ghosh A, Dey D, Chakravarti R, Roy S, Ravichandiran V, Ghosh D. Application of CRISPR/Cas System in the Metabolic Engineering of Small Molecules. Mol Biotechnol 2021; 63:459-476. [PMID: 33774733 DOI: 10.1007/s12033-021-00310-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2020] [Accepted: 02/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR) and their associated Cas protein technology area is rapidly growing technique for genome editing and modulation of transcription of several microbes. Successful engineering in microbes requires an emphasis on the aspect of efficiency and targeted aiming, which can be employed using CRISPR/Cas system. Hence, this type of system is used to modify the genome of several microbes such as yeast and bacteria. In recent years, CRISPR/Cas systems have been chosen for metabolic engineering in microbes due to their specificity, orthogonality, and efficacy. Therefore, we need to review the scheme which was acquired for the execution of the CRISPR/Cas system for the modification and metabolic engineering in yeast and bacteria. In this review, we highlighted the application of the CRISPR/Cas system which has been used for the production of small molecules in the microbial system that is chemically and biologically important.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajveer Singh
- Department of Natural Products, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Kolkata, 700054, India
| | - Shivani Chandel
- Department of Natural Products, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Kolkata, 700054, India
| | - Arijit Ghosh
- Department of Chemistry, University of Calcutta, Kolkata, 700009, India
| | - Dhritiman Dey
- Department of Natural Products, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Kolkata, 700054, India
| | - Rudra Chakravarti
- Department of Natural Products, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Kolkata, 700054, India
| | - Syamal Roy
- Department of Natural Products, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Kolkata, 700054, India
| | - V Ravichandiran
- Department of Natural Products, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Kolkata, 700054, India
| | - Dipanjan Ghosh
- Department of Natural Products, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Kolkata, 700054, India.
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Chakraborty D, Gupta K, Biswas S. A mechanistic insight of phytoestrogens used for Rheumatoid arthritis: An evidence-based review. Biomed Pharmacother 2020; 133:111039. [PMID: 33254019 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2020.111039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2020] [Revised: 11/06/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Assessment of the potential therapeutic benefits offered by naturally occurring phytoestrogens necessitate inspection of their potency and sites of action in impeding the chronic, systemic, autoimmune, joint destructing disorder Rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Possessing structural and functional similarity with human estrogen, phytoestrogen promisingly replaces the use of hormone therapy in eradicating RA symptoms with their anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidative, anti-proliferative, anti-angiogenesis, immunomodulatory, joint protection properties abolishing the harmful side effects of synthetic drugs. Scientific evidences revealed that use of phytoestrogens from different chemical categories including flavonoids, alkaloids, stilbenoids derived from different plant species manifest beneficial effects on RA through various cellular mechanisms including suppression of pro-inflammatory cytokines in particular tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α), interleukin(IL-6) and nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) and destructive metalloproteinases, inhibition of oxidative stress, suppressing inflammatory signalling pathways, attenuating osteoclastogenesis ameliorating cartilage degradation and bone erosion. This review summarizes the evidences of different phytoestrogen treatment and their pharmacological mechanisms in both in vitro and in vivo studies along with discussing clinical evaluations in RA patients showing phytoestrogen as a promising agent for RA therapy. Further investigations and more clinical trials are mandatory to clarify the utility of these plant derived compounds in RA prevention and in managing oestrogen deficient diseases in patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debolina Chakraborty
- Department of Integrative and Functional Biology, CSIR - Institute of Genomics & Integrative Biology, Mall Road, Delhi, 110007, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India.
| | - Kriti Gupta
- Department of Integrative and Functional Biology, CSIR - Institute of Genomics & Integrative Biology, Mall Road, Delhi, 110007, India.
| | - Sagarika Biswas
- Department of Integrative and Functional Biology, CSIR - Institute of Genomics & Integrative Biology, Mall Road, Delhi, 110007, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India.
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Song D, Cao X, Huang W, Ke S. Design, Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Stilbene Derivatives Containing a 1,3‐Benzodioxole Moiety. ChemistrySelect 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202003860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Di Song
- College of Science Huazhong Agricultural University Wuhan 430070 China
| | - Xiufang Cao
- College of Science Huazhong Agricultural University Wuhan 430070 China
| | - Wenbo Huang
- National Biopesticide Engineering Research Center Hubei Biopesticide Engineering Research Center Hubei Academy of Agricultural Science Wuhan 430064 China
| | - Shaoyong Ke
- National Biopesticide Engineering Research Center Hubei Biopesticide Engineering Research Center Hubei Academy of Agricultural Science Wuhan 430064 China
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Two resveratrol analogs, pinosylvin and 4,4′-dihydroxystilbene, improve oligoasthenospermia in a mouse model by attenuating oxidative stress via the Nrf2-ARE pathway. Bioorg Chem 2020; 104:104295. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2020.104295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2020] [Revised: 09/10/2020] [Accepted: 09/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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CRISPR-Cas9 system: A genome-editing tool with endless possibilities. J Biotechnol 2020; 319:36-53. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2020.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2020] [Revised: 04/30/2020] [Accepted: 05/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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Kwon O, Seo Y, Park H. Pinosylvin exacerbates LPS-induced apoptosis via ALOX 15 upregulation in leukocytes. BMB Rep 2018; 51:302-307. [PMID: 29555013 PMCID: PMC6033067 DOI: 10.5483/bmbrep.2018.51.6.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Pinosylvin is known to have anti-inflammatory activity in endothelial cells. In this study, we found that pinosylvin had a pro-apoptotic activity in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-preconditioned leukocytes. This finding suggests that pinosylvin has an effect on the resolution of inflammation. To understand the detailed mechanism, we examined if pinosylvin enhances cyclooxygenase (COX) or lipoxygenase (LOX) activity in THP-1 and U937 cells. LOX activity was found to be markedly increased by pinosylvin, whereas COX activity was not altered. Furthermore, we found that pinosylvin enhanced both levels of ALOX 15 mRNA and protein, implying that LOX activity, elevated by pinosylvin, is attributed to upregulation of ALOX 15 expression. From this cell signaling study, pinosylvin appeared to promote phosphorylations of ERK and JNK. ERK or JNK inhibitors were found to attenuate ALOX 15 expression and LPS-induced apoptosis promoted by pinosylvin. In conclusion, pinosylvin enhances the apoptosis of LPS-preconditioned leukocytes by up-regulating ALOX 15 expression through ERK and JNK. These findings suggest that pinosylvin may induce the resolution of inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ohseong Kwon
- Department of Molecular Biology & Institute of Nanosensor and Biotechnology, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Korea
| | - Youngsik Seo
- Department of Molecular Biology & Institute of Nanosensor and Biotechnology, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Korea
| | - Heonyong Park
- Department of Molecular Biology & Institute of Nanosensor and Biotechnology, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Korea
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Song J, Seo Y, Park H. Pinosylvin enhances leukemia cell death via down-regulation of AMPKα expression. Phytother Res 2018; 32:2097-2104. [PMID: 30027566 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.6156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2018] [Revised: 05/30/2018] [Accepted: 06/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Resveratrol at high concentrations (50-100 μmol/L) is known to induce cell death in leukemia cells. Here, we investigated whether pinosylvin, a resveratrol analogue, induced cell death in leukemia cells. Cell death was found to be markedly elevated by 50- to 100-μmol/L pinosylvin in THP-1 and U937 cells. It was also shown that pinosylvin induced caspase-3 activation, flip-flop of phosphatidylserine, LC3-II accumulation, LC3 puncta, and p62 degradation in both THP-1 and U937 cells. These data indicate that pinosylvin-induced cell death may occur through apoptosis and autophagy. In addition, we showed that pinosylvin down-regulates AMP-activated protein kinase α1 (AMPKα1) in leukemia cells. Therefore, we correlated AMPKα1 down-regulation and leukemia cell death. AMPKα1 inhibition appeared to decrease pinosylvin-induced apoptosis and autophagy in leukemia cells, implying that AMPK is a key regulator of leukemia cell death. Moreover, we found that both pinosylvin-induced autophagy and apoptotic progress were reduced in AMPKα1-overexpressed leukemia cells, when compared with vector-transfected cells. Cell death was elevated by AMPKα1 overexpression, whereas pinosylvin-induced cell death was markedly decreased by caspase-3 inhibitors or autophagy inhibitors. These results suggest that pinosylvin-induced depletion of AMPKα1 enhances cell death via apoptosis and autophagy in leukemia cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jina Song
- Department of Molecular Biology, Institute of Nanosensor and Biotechnology, Dankook University, Chungnam, South Korea
| | - Youngsik Seo
- Department of Molecular Biology, Institute of Nanosensor and Biotechnology, Dankook University, Chungnam, South Korea
| | - Heonyong Park
- Department of Molecular Biology, Institute of Nanosensor and Biotechnology, Dankook University, Chungnam, South Korea
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Teplova VV, Isakova EP, Klein OI, Dergachova DI, Gessler NN, Deryabina YI. Natural Polyphenols: Biological Activity, Pharmacological Potential, Means of Metabolic Engineering (Review). APPL BIOCHEM MICRO+ 2018. [DOI: 10.1134/s0003683818030146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Salas-Navarrete C, Hernández-Chávez G, Flores N, Martínez LM, Martinez A, Bolívar F, Barona-Gomez F, Gosset G. Increasing pinosylvin production in Escherichia coli by reducing the expression level of the gene fabI -encoded enoyl-acyl carrier protein reductase. ELECTRON J BIOTECHN 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejbt.2018.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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Harmalkar DS, Lu Q, Lee K. Total Synthesis of Gramistilbenoids A, B, and C. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2018; 81:798-805. [PMID: 29613790 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.7b00865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Stilbenes are biologically active metabolites of plants that have the potential to attenuate a broad range of human diseases. Gramistilbenoids are a class of natural products with a stilbene skeleton, isolated from the bamboo orchid ( Arundina graminifolia), and with significant cytotoxicity against cancer cell lines (NB4, A549, SHSY5Y, PC3, and MCF7). These are the first identified naturally occurring diphenylethylenes to possess a hydroxyethyl unit. However, some of these compounds are not abundant in nature, and thus, their synthesis is advantageous. This paper reports the first synthesis of gramistilbenoids A (1), B (2), and C (3), with overall yields of 10, 2, and 8% respectively. These natural products were synthesized using key reactions, such as Horner-Wadsworth-Emmons olefination, Stille coupling, and hydroboration-oxidation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dipesh S Harmalkar
- College of Pharmacy , Dongguk University-Seoul , Goyang , 10326 , Republic of Korea
| | - Qili Lu
- College of Pharmacy , Dongguk University-Seoul , Goyang , 10326 , Republic of Korea
| | - Kyeong Lee
- College of Pharmacy , Dongguk University-Seoul , Goyang , 10326 , Republic of Korea
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Applications of CRISPR/Cas System to Bacterial Metabolic Engineering. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19041089. [PMID: 29621180 PMCID: PMC5979482 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19041089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2018] [Revised: 04/02/2018] [Accepted: 04/03/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats/CRISPR-associated (CRISPR/Cas) adaptive immune system has been extensively used for gene editing, including gene deletion, insertion, and replacement in bacterial and eukaryotic cells owing to its simple, rapid, and efficient activities in unprecedented resolution. Furthermore, the CRISPR interference (CRISPRi) system including deactivated Cas9 (dCas9) with inactivated endonuclease activity has been further investigated for regulation of the target gene transiently or constitutively, avoiding cell death by disruption of genome. This review discusses the applications of CRISPR/Cas for genome editing in various bacterial systems and their applications. In particular, CRISPR technology has been used for the production of metabolites of high industrial significance, including biochemical, biofuel, and pharmaceutical products/precursors in bacteria. Here, we focus on methods to increase the productivity and yield/titer scan by controlling metabolic flux through individual or combinatorial use of CRISPR/Cas and CRISPRi systems with introduction of synthetic pathway in industrially common bacteria including Escherichia coli. Further, we discuss additional useful applications of the CRISPR/Cas system, including its use in functional genomics.
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Nosáí R, DráBiková K, Jančinová V, Mačičková T, Pečivová J, Perečko T, Harmatha J. Pharmacological intervention with oxidative burst in human neutrophils. Interdiscip Toxicol 2018; 10:56-60. [PMID: 30123038 PMCID: PMC6096857 DOI: 10.1515/intox-2017-0009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2017] [Accepted: 08/12/2017] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study we investigated the effect of five therapeutically used drugs and four natural polyphenolic compounds on the mechanism of oxidative burst of human neutrophils concerning their participation in the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). The compounds investigated decreased the oxidative burst of whole blood in the rank order of potency: N-feruloylserotonin > quercetin > curcumin > arbutin > dithiaden > carvedilol. The generation of intracellular reactive oxygen species in isolated neutrophils decreased in the same rank order, while carvedilol was ineffective. Scavenging of extracellular oxygen radicals followed the rank order of potency: N-feruloylserotonin > curcumin > quercetin > dithiaden. Arbutin and carvedilol had no effect. All compounds tested increased the activity of caspase-3 in cell-free system indicating a positive effect on apoptosis of neutrophils. Activation of protein kinase C was significantly decreased by dithiaden, curcumin, quercetin and N-feruloylserotonin. Carvedilol, dithiaden, quercetin and arbutin reduced activated neutrophil myeloperoxidase release more significantly compared with their less pronounced effect on superoxide generation The presented results are indicative of pharmacological intervention with neutrophils in pathological processes. Of particular interest was the effect of natural compounds. Intracellular inhibition of oxidative burst in isolated neutrophils by the drugs tested and natural antioxidants has to be further analysed since ROS play an important role in immunological responses of neutrophils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rado Nosáí
- Institute of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Katarína DráBiková
- Institute of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Viera Jančinová
- Institute of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Tatiana Mačičková
- Institute of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Jana Pečivová
- Institute of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Tomáš Perečko
- Institute of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Juraj Harmatha
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Academy of Sciences Czech Republic, Prague, Czech Republic
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17
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Dvorakova M, Landa P. Anti-inflammatory activity of natural stilbenoids: A review. Pharmacol Res 2017; 124:126-145. [DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2017.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 136] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2017] [Revised: 07/31/2017] [Accepted: 08/03/2017] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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18
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Nosáľ R, Drábiková K, Jančinová V, Mačičková T, Pečivová J, Perečko T, Harmatha J, Šmidrkal J. On the pharmacology of oxidative burst of human neutrophils. Physiol Res 2016; 64:S445-52. [PMID: 26681073 DOI: 10.33549/physiolres.933204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The effect of three therapeutically used drugs and five polyphenolic compounds on the mechanism of oxidative burst was compared in whole blood and isolated neutrophils at cellular and molecular level. In 10 microM concentration, the compounds investigated decreased the oxidative burst of whole blood in the rank order of potency: N-feruloylserotonin (N-f-5HT) > curcumin (CUR) > quercetin (QUER) > arbutin (ARB) > resveratrol (RES) > dithiaden (DIT) > carvedilol (CARV) > brompheniramine (BPA). The ratio between the percentage inhibition of extracellular versus intracellular chemiluminescence (CL) followed the rank order QUER > N-f-5HT > RES > CUR > DIT and is indicative of the positive effect of the compounds tested against oxidative burst of neutrophils, demonstrating suppression of reactive oxygen species extracellularly with minimal alteration of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS). Activation of protein kinase C was significantly decreased by DIT, CUR, QUER and N-f-5HT. CARV, DIT, QUER and ARB reduced activated neutrophil myeloperoxidase release more significantly compared with the effect on superoxide anion generation. All compounds tested increased the activity of caspase-3 in cell-free system. It is suggested that other regulatory mechanisms than protein kinase C might participate in the inhibition of neutrophil activation with the compounds tested. Different mechanisms are concerned in controlling the assembly of NADPH oxidase and the regulatory role of calcium ions is suggested. Compounds decreasing the amount of extracellular ROS generation, yet affecting but minimally intracellular ROS generation, are promising for further investigation in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Nosáľ
- Institute of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia.
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19
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Liang JL, Guo LQ, Lin JF, He ZQ, Cai FJ, Chen JF. A novel process for obtaining pinosylvin using combinatorial bioengineering in Escherichia coli. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2016; 32:102. [PMID: 27116968 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-016-2062-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2015] [Accepted: 03/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Pinosylvin as a bioactive stilbene is of great interest for food supplements and pharmaceuticals development. In comparison to conventional extraction of pinosylvin from plant sources, biosynthesis engineering of microbial cell factories is a sustainable and flexible alternative method. Current synthetic strategies often require expensive phenylpropanoic precursor and inducer, which are not available for large-scale fermentation process. In this study, three bioengineering strategies were described to the development of a simple and economical process for pinosylvin biosynthesis in Escherichia coli. Firstly, we evaluated different construct environments to give a highly efficient constitutive system for enzymes of pinosylvin pathway expression: 4-coumarate: coenzyme A ligase (4CL) and stilbene synthase (STS). Secondly, malonyl coenzyme A (malonyl-CoA) is a key precursor of pinosylvin bioproduction and at low level in E. coli cell. Thus clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats interference (CRISPRi) was explored to inactivate malonyl-CoA consumption pathway to increase its availability. The resulting pinosylvin content in engineered E. coli was obtained a 1.9-fold increase depending on the repression of fabD (encoding malonyl-CoA-ACP transacylase) gene. Eventually, a phenylalanine over-producing E. coli consisting phenylalanine ammonia lyase was introduced to produce the precursor of pinosylvin, trans-cinnamic acid, the crude extraction of cultural medium was used as supplementation for pinosylvin bioproduction. Using these combinatorial processes, 47.49 mg/L pinosylvin was produced from glycerol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Long Liang
- Department of Bioengineering, College of Food Science and Institute of Food Biotechnology, South China Agricultural University, 483 Wushan Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, 510640, China.,Joint Research and Development Center for Natural Products of Alchemy Biotechnology Co. Ltd. and South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Li-Qiong Guo
- Department of Bioengineering, College of Food Science and Institute of Food Biotechnology, South China Agricultural University, 483 Wushan Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, 510640, China.,Joint Research and Development Center for Natural Products of Alchemy Biotechnology Co. Ltd. and South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Jun-Fang Lin
- Department of Bioengineering, College of Food Science and Institute of Food Biotechnology, South China Agricultural University, 483 Wushan Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, 510640, China. .,Joint Research and Development Center for Natural Products of Alchemy Biotechnology Co. Ltd. and South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510640, China.
| | - Ze-Qi He
- Department of Bioengineering, College of Food Science and Institute of Food Biotechnology, South China Agricultural University, 483 Wushan Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Fa-Ji Cai
- Department of Bioengineering, College of Food Science and Institute of Food Biotechnology, South China Agricultural University, 483 Wushan Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Jun-Fei Chen
- The School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Qi-Lu University of Technology, Jinan, 250353, China
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20
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Jančinová V, Pažoureková S, Lucová M, Perečko T, Mihalová D, Bauerová K, Nosáľ R, Drábiková K. Selective inhibition of extracellular oxidants liberated from human neutrophils—A new mechanism potentially involved in the anti-inflammatory activity of hydroxychloroquine. Int Immunopharmacol 2015; 28:175-81. [DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2015.05.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2015] [Revised: 05/07/2015] [Accepted: 05/30/2015] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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21
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Jonsson M, Atosuo J, Jestoi M, Nathanail AV, Kokkonen UM, Anttila M, Koivisto P, Lilius EM, Peltonen K. Repeated dose 28-day oral toxicity study of moniliformin in rats. Toxicol Lett 2014; 233:38-44. [PMID: 25482064 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2014.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2014] [Revised: 11/01/2014] [Accepted: 11/06/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Moniliformin is a Fusarium mycotoxin mainly produced by several species infecting grains in different climatic conditions. According to our previous studies, it is acutely toxic to rats, with an LD50 cut-off value of 25mg/kg b.w. To further assess the possible health risks of low dose exposure to moniliformin, a subacute oral toxicity study was conducted in Sprague-Dawley rats, adapting OECD guideline 407. Five dose groups and two satellite groups, each consisting of five male rats, were daily exposed to moniliformin by gavage. Two rats in the highest dose group, showed decreased activity followed by acute heart failure and death. The rats of the lower doses (<9mg/kg b.w.) showed no signs of toxicity. The daily intake of moniliformin strongly reduced the phagocytic activity of neutrophils in all dose groups. The decrease continued in the satellite group during the follow-up period, indicating a severe impact on the immune system and a LOAEL value of 3mg/kg b.w. for moniliformin. Moniliformin was rapidly excreted into urine, ranging between 20.2 and 31.5% daily and showed no signs of accumulation. The concentration of moniliformin in faeces was less than 2%, which suggests efficient absorption from the gastrointestinal tract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina Jonsson
- Chemistry and Toxicology Research Unit, Finnish Food Safety Authority (Evira), Mustialankatu 3, Helsinki FI-00790, Finland.
| | - Janne Atosuo
- Department of Biochemistry and Food Chemistry, University of Turku, Turku FI-20014, Finland
| | - Marika Jestoi
- Product Safety Unit, Finnish Food Safety Authority (Evira), Helsinki FI-00790, Finland
| | - Alexis V Nathanail
- Chemistry and Toxicology Research Unit, Finnish Food Safety Authority (Evira), Mustialankatu 3, Helsinki FI-00790, Finland
| | - Ulla-Maija Kokkonen
- Veterinary Virology Research Unit, Finnish Food Safety Authority (Evira), Helsinki FI-00790, Finland
| | - Marjukka Anttila
- Pathology Research Unit, Finnish Food Safety Authority (Evira), Helsinki FI-00790, Finland
| | - Pertti Koivisto
- Chemistry and Toxicology Research Unit, Finnish Food Safety Authority (Evira), Mustialankatu 3, Helsinki FI-00790, Finland
| | - Esa-Matti Lilius
- Department of Biochemistry and Food Chemistry, University of Turku, Turku FI-20014, Finland
| | - Kimmo Peltonen
- Chemistry and Toxicology Research Unit, Finnish Food Safety Authority (Evira), Mustialankatu 3, Helsinki FI-00790, Finland
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22
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Metabolic engineering of Escherichia coli for the synthesis of the plant polyphenol pinosylvin. Appl Environ Microbiol 2014; 81:840-9. [PMID: 25398870 DOI: 10.1128/aem.02966-14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Plant polyphenols are of great interest for drug discovery and drug development since many of these compounds have health-promoting activities as treatments against various diseases, such as diabetes, cancer, or heart diseases. However, the limited availability of polyphenols represents a major obstacle to clinical applications that must be overcome. In comparison to the quantities of these compounds obtained by isolation from natural sources or costly chemical synthesis, the microbial production of these compounds could provide sufficient quantities from inexpensive substrates. In this work, we describe the development of an Escherichia coli platform strain for the production of pinosylvin, a stilbene found in the heartwood of pine trees which could aid in the treatment of various cancers and cardiovascular diseases. Initially, several configurations of the three-step biosynthetic pathway to pinosylvin were constructed from a set of two different enzymes for each enzymatic step. After optimization of gene expression and evaluation of different construct environments, low pinosylvin concentrations up to 3 mg/liter could be detected. Analysis of the precursor supply and a comparative analysis of the intracellular pools of pathway intermediates and product identified the limited malonyl coenzyme A (malonyl-CoA) availability and low stilbene synthase activity in the heterologous host to be the main bottlenecks during pinosylvin production. Addition of cerulenin for increasing intracellular malonyl-CoA pools and the in vivo evolution of the stilbene synthase from Pinus strobus for improved activity in E. coli proved to be the keys to elevated product titers. These measures allowed product titers of 70 mg/liter pinosylvin from glucose, which could be further increased to 91 mg/liter by the addition of l-phenylalanine.
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23
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Bauerova K, Acquaviva A, Ponist S, Gardi C, Vecchio D, Drafi F, Arezzini B, Bezakova L, Kuncirova V, Mihalova D, Nosal R. Markers of inflammation and oxidative stress studied in adjuvant-induced arthritis in the rat on systemic and local level affected by pinosylvin and methotrexate and their combination. Autoimmunity 2014; 48:46-56. [PMID: 25046647 DOI: 10.3109/08916934.2014.939268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative stress (OS) is important in the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and its experimental model--adjuvant arthritis (AA). Antioxidants are scarcely studied in autoimmunity, and future analyses are needed to assess its effects in ameliorating these diseases. Although there are studies about antioxidants effects on the course of RA, their role in combination therapy has not yet been studied in detail, especially on extra-articular manifestations of AA. During the 28-d administration of pinosylvin (PIN) in monotherapy and in combination with methotrexate (MTX) to AA rats, we evaluated the impact of the treatment on selected parameters. The experiment included: healthy controls, untreated AA, AA administered 50 mg/kg b.w. of PIN daily p.o., AA administered 0.4 mg/kg b.w. of MTX twice weekly p.o. and AA treated with a combination of PIN+MTX. AA was monitored using: hind paw volume, C-reactive protein, monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1), thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) and F2-isoprostanes in plasma, γ-glutamyltransferase activity in spleen, activity of lipoxygenase (LOX) in lung, heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) and nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) in liver and lung. PIN monotherapy significantly improved the activation of NF-κB in liver and lung, HO-1 expression and activity of LOX in the lung, MCP-1 levels in plasma (on 14th d) and plasmatic levels of F2-isoprostanes. An important contribution of PIN to MTX effect was the reduction of OS (an increase of HO-1 expression in lung and reduction of plasmatic TBARS) and decrease of LOX activity in the lung.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarina Bauerova
- Institute of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, Slovak Academy of Sciences , Bratislava , Slovak Republic
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24
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Kucekova Z, Humpolicek P, Kasparkova V, Perecko T, Lehocký M, Hauerlandová I, Sáha P, Stejskal J. Colloidal polyaniline dispersions: Antibacterial activity, cytotoxicity and neutrophil oxidative burst. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2014; 116:411-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2014.01.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2013] [Revised: 01/14/2014] [Accepted: 01/19/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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25
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On the molecular pharmacology of resveratrol on oxidative burst inhibition in professional phagocytes. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2014; 2014:706269. [PMID: 24672638 PMCID: PMC3942095 DOI: 10.1155/2014/706269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2013] [Revised: 12/12/2013] [Accepted: 12/17/2013] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Resveratrol—3,5,4′-trihydroxystilbene—possesses antioxidant activities in vitro. It dose-dependently inhibited the generation of peroxyl, hydroxyl, peroxides, and lipid peroxidation products in cell free systems. Oxidative burst of whole human blood stimulated with PMA, fMLP, OpZ, and A23187 was inhibited in a concentration-dependent way, indicating suppression of both receptor and nonreceptor activated chemiluminescence by resveratrol. Results from isolated human neutrophils revealed that resveratrol was active extracellularly as well as intracellularly in inhibiting the generation of reactive oxygen species. Liberation of ATP and analysis of apoptosis showed that in the concentration of 100 μM, resveratrol did not change the viability and integrity of isolated neutrophils. Western blot analysis documented that resveratrol in concentrations of 10 and 100 μM significantly decreased PMA-induced phosphorylation of PKC α/βII. Dose-dependent inhibition of nitrite production and iNOS protein expression in RAW 264.7 cells indicated possible interference of resveratrol with reactive nitrogen radical generation in professional phagocytes. The results suggest that resveratrol represents an effective naturally occurring substance with potent pharmacological effect on oxidative burst of human neutrophils and nitric oxide production by macrophages. It should be further investigated for its pharmacological activity against oxidative stress in ischaemia reperfusion, inflammation, and other pathological conditions, particularly neoplasia.
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26
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Study of possible mechanisms involved in the inhibitory effects of coumarin derivatives on neutrophil activity. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2013; 2013:136570. [PMID: 24349608 PMCID: PMC3855971 DOI: 10.1155/2013/136570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2013] [Revised: 10/17/2013] [Accepted: 10/17/2013] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
To specify the site of action of the synthetic coumarin derivatives 7-hydroxy-3-(4'-hydroxyphenyl) coumarin (HHC) and 7-hydroxy-3-(4'-hydroxyphenyl) dihydrocoumarin (HHDC), we evaluated their effects on extra- and intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation in phorbol-myristate-13-acetate (PMA) stimulated human neutrophils. We studied also the effects of HHC and HHDC on possible molecular mechanisms which participate in the activation of NADPH oxidase, that is, on PKC activity, on phosphorylation of some PKC isoforms (α, βII, and δ), and on phosphorylation of the NADPH oxidase subunit p40(phox). Without affecting cytotoxicity, both coumarines tested were effective inhibitors/scavengers of ROS produced by neutrophils on extracellular level. HHC markedly diminished oxidant production and also, intracellularly, decreased PKC activity and partly phosphorylation of PKCα, βII. On the other hand, we did not observe any effect of coumarin derivatives on phosphorylation of PKC δ and on phosphorylation of the NADPH oxidase subunit p40(phox), which were suggested to be involved in the PMA-dependent intracellular activation process. In agreement with our previous findings, we assume that the different molecular structures of HHC and HHDC with their different physicochemical and free radical scavenging characteristics are responsible for their diverse effects on the parameters tested.
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27
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The natural stilbenoid piceatannol decreases activity and accelerates apoptosis of human neutrophils: involvement of protein kinase C. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2013; 2013:136539. [PMID: 24288583 PMCID: PMC3833065 DOI: 10.1155/2013/136539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2013] [Accepted: 09/11/2013] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Neutrophils are able to release cytotoxic substances and inflammatory mediators, which, along with their delayed apoptosis, have a potential to maintain permanent inflammation. Therefore, treatment of diseases associated with chronic inflammation should be focused on neutrophils; formation of reactive oxygen species and apoptosis of these cells represent two promising targets for pharmacological intervention.
Piceatannol, a naturally occurring stilbenoid, has the ability to reduce the toxic action of neutrophils. This substance decreased the amount of oxidants produced by neutrophils both extra- and intracellularly. Radicals formed within neutrophils (fulfilling a regulatory role) were reduced to a lesser extent than extracellular oxidants, potentially dangerous for host tissues. Moreover, piceatannol did not affect the phosphorylation of p40phox—a component of NADPH oxidase, responsible for the assembly of functional oxidase in intracellular (granular) membranes. The stilbenoid tested elevated the percentage of early apoptotic neutrophils, inhibited the activity of protein kinase C (PKC)—the main regulatory enzyme in neutrophils, and reduced phosphorylation of PKC isoforms α, βII, and δ on their catalytic region.
The results indicated that piceatannol may be useful as a complementary medicine in states associated with persisting neutrophil activation and with oxidative damage of tissues.
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28
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The effects of pterostilbene on neutrophil activity in experimental model of arthritis. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2013; 2013:106041. [PMID: 24195064 PMCID: PMC3806327 DOI: 10.1155/2013/106041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2013] [Accepted: 08/25/2013] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
It has been demonstrated that pterostilbene inhibits reactive oxygen species production in neutrophils in vitro. However, little is known about its effects on neutrophils during inflammation in vivo. In this study, the effect of pterostilbene on neutrophil activity was investigated in experimental arthritis model. Lewis rats were injected by a single intradermal injection of heat-killed Mycobacterium butyricum in Freund's adjuvant to develop arthritis. Another group of arthritic animals received pterostilbene 30 mg/kg, daily, p.o. The number and activity of neutrophils in blood were measured on a weekly basis during the whole experiment. Moreover, the total radical trapping potential in plasma was measured at the end of the experiment. In the pterostilbene treated arthritic group, the treatment significantly lowered the number of neutrophils in blood on days 14 and 21 without significant downregulation of neutrophil oxidative burst. Pterostilbene nonsignificantly increased total radical trapping potential in arthritic animals. These results indicate that the promising effects of pterostilbene on reactive oxygen species operate by different mechanisms in vitro and in the animal model of inflammation. In conclusion, the positive effects of pterostilbene in the model of arthritis may be attributed to regulation of neutrophil number.
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29
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Thuan NH, Sohng JK. Recent biotechnological progress in enzymatic synthesis of glycosides. J Ind Microbiol Biotechnol 2013; 40:1329-56. [PMID: 24005992 DOI: 10.1007/s10295-013-1332-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2013] [Accepted: 08/07/2013] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Glycosylation is one of the most important post-modification processes of small molecules and enables the parent molecule to have increased solubility, stability, and bioactivity. Enzyme-based glycosylation has achieved significant progress due to advances in protein engineering, DNA recombinant techniques, exploitation of biosynthetic gene clusters of natural products, and computer-based modeling programs. Our report summarizes glycosylation data that have been published within the past five years to provide an overall review of current progress. We also present the future trends and perspectives for glycosylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nguyen Huy Thuan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Institute of Biomolecule Reconstruction, Sun Moon University, #100, Kalsan-ri, Tangjeong-myeon, Asan-si, Chungnam, 336-708, Republic of Korea
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30
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Yeo SCM, Luo W, Wu J, Ho PC, Lin HS. Quantification of pinosylvin in rat plasma by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry: application to a pre-clinical pharmacokinetic study. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2013; 931:68-74. [PMID: 23777612 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2013.05.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2013] [Revised: 05/16/2013] [Accepted: 05/20/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Pinosylvin (trans-3,5-dihydroxystilbene), a naturally occurring analogue of resveratrol (trans-3,5,4'-trihydoxystilbene), exhibited various beneficial pharmacological activities in pre-clinical studies. To further probe its potential medicinal application, a sensitive liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method (LC-MS/MS) was developed and validated for the quantification of pinosylvin in rat plasma. A simple protein precipitation procedure was used for plasma cleanup before analysis by LC-MS/MS with electrospray ionisation and multiple reaction monitoring in its negative ion mode. This LC-MS/MS method demonstrated good selectivity, accuracy (intra- and inter-day analytical recovery within 100±7.7%), precision (intra- and inter-day coefficient of variation<12.0%) and sensitivity (lower limit of detection=1.0ng/mL), with excellent linearity (R(2)>0.99) over the range of 1-1000ng/mL. The pharmacokinetic profiles of pinosylvin were subsequently assessed in Sprague-Dawley rats. Following intravenous administration (5 or 10mg/kg), plasma levels of pinosylvin declined rapidly with a short half-life (t1/2<10min). Upon oral administration at 15mg/kg, pinosylvin could not be quantified in plasma (<1ng/mL) while dose-escalation to 50mg/kg led to a low and erratic plasma exposure with very poor estimated oral bioavailability (F<1%). The short half-life and limited systemic exposure of pinosylvin prompt caution in its therapeutic application and it warrants exploration in developing pinosylvin pro-drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel Chao Ming Yeo
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Science, National University of Singapore, 10 Kent Ridge Crescent, Singapore 119260, Singapore
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