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Moldovan R, Mitrea DR, Florea A, Chiş IC, Suciu Ş, David L, Moldovan BE, Mureşan LE, Lenghel M, Ungur RA, Opriş RV, Decea N, Clichici SV. Effects of Gold Nanoparticles Functionalized with Bioactive Compounds from Cornus mas Fruit on Aorta Ultrastructural and Biochemical Changes in Rats on a Hyperlipid Diet-A Preliminary Study. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11071343. [PMID: 35883833 PMCID: PMC9311980 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11071343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Revised: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Cornus mas L. extract (CM) presents hypolipidemic, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity. Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) are considered potent delivery systems and may be used to release pharmaceutical compounds at the level of injury. In our study, we used gold nanoparticles functionalized with bioactive compounds from Cornus mas L. (AuNPsCM) in an experimental model of a high-fat diet (HFD), and we assessed their effects on aorta wall but also in the serum, as compared to Cornus mas (CM) administration. Sprague Dawley female rats were fed for 9 months with an HFD. During the last month of the experiment, we randomly allocated the animals into three groups that received, by oral gavage: saline solution, CM solution (0.158 mg/mL polyphenols) or AuNPsCM solution (260 μg Au/kg/day), while a Control group received a standard diet and saline solution. At the end of the experiment, we performed an ultrasonography of the aorta and left ventricle and a histology and transmission electron microscopy of the aorta walls; we investigated the oxidative stress and inflammation in aorta homogenates and in serum and, in addition, the lipid profile. AuNPsCM presented better effects in comparison with the natural extract (CM) on lipid peroxidation (p < 0.01) and TNF-alpha (p < 0.001) in aorta homogenates. In serum, both CM and AuNPsCM decreased the triglycerides (p < 0.001) and C-reactive protein (CM, p < 0.01; AuNPsCM, p < 0.001) and increased the antioxidant protection (p < 0.001), in comparison with the HFD group. In intima, AuNPsCM produced ultrastructural lesions, with the disorganization of intima and subendothelial connective layer, whereas CM administration preserved the intima normal aspect, but with a thinned subendothelial connective layer. AuNPsCM oral administration presented certain antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and hypolipidemic effects in an experimental model of HFD, but with a negative impact on the ultrastructure of aorta walls, highlighted by the intima disorganization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Remus Moldovan
- Department of Physiology, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 1-3 Clinicilor Street, 400006 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (R.M.); (I.-C.C.); (Ş.S.); (N.D.); (S.V.C.)
| | - Daniela-Rodica Mitrea
- Department of Physiology, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 1-3 Clinicilor Street, 400006 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (R.M.); (I.-C.C.); (Ş.S.); (N.D.); (S.V.C.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Adrian Florea
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 6 Pasteur Street, 400349 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (A.F.); (R.V.O.)
| | - Irina-Camelia Chiş
- Department of Physiology, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 1-3 Clinicilor Street, 400006 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (R.M.); (I.-C.C.); (Ş.S.); (N.D.); (S.V.C.)
| | - Şoimiţa Suciu
- Department of Physiology, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 1-3 Clinicilor Street, 400006 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (R.M.); (I.-C.C.); (Ş.S.); (N.D.); (S.V.C.)
| | - Luminiţa David
- Research Center for Advanced Chemical Analysis, Instrumentation and Chemometrics, Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Babes-Bolyai University, 11 Arany Janos Street, 400028 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (L.D.); (B.E.M.)
| | - Bianca Elena Moldovan
- Research Center for Advanced Chemical Analysis, Instrumentation and Chemometrics, Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Babes-Bolyai University, 11 Arany Janos Street, 400028 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (L.D.); (B.E.M.)
| | - Laura Elena Mureşan
- Raluca Ripan Institute of Research in Chemistry, Babes-Bolyai University, 30 Fantanele Street, 400294 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
| | - Manuela Lenghel
- Radiology Department, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 1–3 Clinicilor Street, 400006 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
| | - Rodica Ana Ungur
- Department of Rehabilitation, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 8 Victor Babes Street, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
| | - Răzvan Vlad Opriş
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 6 Pasteur Street, 400349 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (A.F.); (R.V.O.)
| | - Nicoleta Decea
- Department of Physiology, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 1-3 Clinicilor Street, 400006 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (R.M.); (I.-C.C.); (Ş.S.); (N.D.); (S.V.C.)
| | - Simona Valeria Clichici
- Department of Physiology, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 1-3 Clinicilor Street, 400006 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (R.M.); (I.-C.C.); (Ş.S.); (N.D.); (S.V.C.)
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High Sucrose Ingestion during a Critical Period of Vessel Development Promotes the Synthetic Phenotype of Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells and Modifies Vascular Contractility Leading to Hypertension in Adult Rats. Int J Hypertens 2022; 2022:2298329. [PMID: 35774422 PMCID: PMC9239805 DOI: 10.1155/2022/2298329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2022] [Revised: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiometabolic diseases, including hypertension, may result from exposure to high sugar diets during critical periods of development. Here, we studied the effect of sucrose ingestion during a critical period (CP) between postnatal days 12 and 28 of the rat on blood pressure, aortic histology, vascular smooth muscle phenotype, expression of metalloproteinases 2 and 9, and vascular contractility in adult rats and compared it with those of adult rats that received sucrose for 6 months and developed metabolic syndrome (MS). Blood pressure increased to a similar level in CP and MS rats. The diameter of lumen, media, and adventitia of aortas from CP rats was decreased. Muscle fibers were discontinuous. There was a decrease in the expression of alpha-actin in CP and MS rat aortas, suggesting a change to the secretory phenotype in vascular smooth muscle. Metalloproteinases 2 and 9 were decreased in CP and MS rats, suggesting that phenotype remains in an altered steady stationary state with little interchange of the vessel matrix. Aortic contraction to norepinephrine did not change, but aortic relaxation was diminished in CP and MS aortas. In conclusion, high sugar diets during the CP increase predisposition to hypertension in adults.
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Villa-Martínez E, López-Vaquera SR, Alvarado-Coutiño LK, Gámez-Méndez AM, Ríos A, Escalante B. Thromboxane-dependent coronary vasoconstriction in obese mice: Role of peroxynitrite. Prostaglandins Other Lipid Mediat 2022; 160:106631. [PMID: 35272056 DOI: 10.1016/j.prostaglandins.2022.106631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Revised: 12/19/2021] [Accepted: 03/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Obesity leads to chronic oxidative stress promoting the development of cardiovascular diseases including coronary artery disease and endothelial dysfunction. Increased reactive oxygen species production associated with obesity might lead to endothelial dysfunction through cyclooxygenase (COX) pathway. We evaluated arachidonic acid (AA)-dependent coronary vascular responses and explored COX metabolism in obese C57BL/6 mice. In response to arachidonic acid (AA), isolated hearts from obese mice showed increased vasoconstriction compared with control mice. Released thromboxane (TX) A2 during AA-induced vasoconstriction phase was increased in heart perfusates from obese mice. Indomethacin and 1-benzylimidazole, both reduced vasoconstriction response in control and obese mice. Vasoconstriction response to TXA2 mimetic analog U46619 was 2.7 higher in obese mice. Obesity increased COX-2, TXS and TX receptor protein expression as well as oxidative stress evaluated by nitrotyrosine and peroxynitrite levels, compared with control mice. Obese mice treated with FeTMPyP, a peroxynitrite scavenger, reversed all these parameters to control levels. These data suggest that alterations in COX pathway may be associated with increased generation of free radicals, including peroxynitrite, that result from the oxidative stress observed in obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Villa-Martínez
- Cinvestav Monterrey, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del IPN, Apodaca, N.L. 66600, Mexico
| | - Selma Romina López-Vaquera
- Cinvestav Monterrey, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del IPN, Apodaca, N.L. 66600, Mexico
| | | | - Ana María Gámez-Méndez
- Universidad de Monterrey, Av. Ignacio Morones Prieto 4500, San Pedro Garza García, NL, Mexico
| | - Amelia Ríos
- Cinvestav Monterrey, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del IPN, Apodaca, N.L. 66600, Mexico.
| | - Bruno Escalante
- Cinvestav Monterrey, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del IPN, Apodaca, N.L. 66600, Mexico
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Derella CC, Blanks AM, Wang X, Tucker MA, Horsager C, Jeong JH, Rodriguez-Miguelez P, Looney J, Thomas J, Pollock DM, Harris RA. Endothelin receptor blockade blunts the pressor response to acute stress in men and women with obesity. J Appl Physiol (1985) 2022; 132:73-83. [PMID: 34762528 PMCID: PMC8742738 DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00156.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity is associated with dysregulation of the endothelin system. In individuals with obesity, an exaggerated pressor response to acute stress is accompanied by increased circulating endothelin-1 (ET-1). The impact of combined endothelin A/B receptor (ETA/B) antagonism on the stress-induced pressor response in overweight/obese (OB) individuals is unknown. The objective of this study is to test the hypothesis that treatment with an ETA/B antagonist (bosentan) would reduce the stress-induced pressor response and arterial stiffness in overweight/obese compared with normal weight (NW) individuals. Forty participants [normal weight (NW): n = 20, body mass index (BMI): 21.7 ± 2.4 kg/m2 and overweight/obese (OB): n = 20, BMI: 33.8 ± 8.2 kg/m2] were randomized to placebo or 125 mg of bosentan twice a day (250 mg total) for 3 days. Hemodynamics were assessed before, during, and after a cold pressor test (CPT). Endothelin-1 was assessed at baseline and immediately after CPT. Following a washout period, the same protocol was repeated with the opposite treatment. The change from baseline in mean arterial pressure (MAP) during CPT following bosentan was significantly lower (P = 0.039) in the OB group than in the NW group (OB: 28 ± 12 vs. NW: 34 ± 15 mmHg). These results suggest that ETA/B antagonism favorably blunts the pressor response to acute stress in overweight/obese individuals.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Findings from our current translational investigation demonstrate that dual endothelin A/B receptor antagonism blunts the pressor response to acute stress in overweight/obese individuals. These results suggest that modulation of the endothelin system may represent a novel therapeutic target to reduce cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk by blunting the stress response in overweight/obese individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cassandra C. Derella
- 1Department of Medicine, Georgia Prevention Institute, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia
| | - Anson M. Blanks
- 1Department of Medicine, Georgia Prevention Institute, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia
| | - Xiaoling Wang
- 1Department of Medicine, Georgia Prevention Institute, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia
| | - Matthew A. Tucker
- 1Department of Medicine, Georgia Prevention Institute, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia
| | - Chase Horsager
- 1Department of Medicine, Georgia Prevention Institute, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia
| | - Jin Hee Jeong
- 1Department of Medicine, Georgia Prevention Institute, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia
| | - Paula Rodriguez-Miguelez
- 1Department of Medicine, Georgia Prevention Institute, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia,2Department of Kinesiology and Health Sciences, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia
| | - Jacob Looney
- 1Department of Medicine, Georgia Prevention Institute, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia
| | - Jeffrey Thomas
- 1Department of Medicine, Georgia Prevention Institute, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia
| | - David M. Pollock
- 3Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Ryan A. Harris
- 1Department of Medicine, Georgia Prevention Institute, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia,4Sport and Exercise Science Research Institute, Ulster University, Jordanstown, United Kingdom
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Zhou W, Zhou R, Li N, Chen Y, Pei Y, Han L, Ren J. Vasorelaxation effect of oxysophoridine on isolated thoracicc aorta rings of rats. CHINESE J PHYSIOL 2021; 64:274-280. [DOI: 10.4103/cjp.cjp_60_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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Abstract
Discovered in 1987 as a potent endothelial cell-derived vasoconstrictor peptide, endothelin-1 (ET-1), the predominant member of the endothelin peptide family, is now recognized as a multifunctional peptide with cytokine-like activity contributing to almost all aspects of physiology and cell function. More than 30 000 scientific articles on endothelin were published over the past 3 decades, leading to the development and subsequent regulatory approval of a new class of therapeutics-the endothelin receptor antagonists (ERAs). This article reviews the history of the discovery of endothelin and its role in genetics, physiology, and disease. Here, we summarize the main clinical trials using ERAs and discuss the role of endothelin in cardiovascular diseases such as arterial hypertension, preecclampsia, coronary atherosclerosis, myocardial infarction in the absence of obstructive coronary artery disease (MINOCA) caused by spontaneous coronary artery dissection (SCAD), Takotsubo syndrome, and heart failure. We also discuss how endothelins contributes to diabetic kidney disease and focal segmental glomerulosclerosis, pulmonary arterial hypertension, as well as cancer, immune disorders, and allograft rejection (which all involve ETA autoantibodies), and neurological diseases. The application of ERAs, dual endothelin receptor/angiotensin receptor antagonists (DARAs), selective ETB agonists, novel biologics such as receptor-targeting antibodies, or immunization against ETA receptors holds the potential to slow the progression or even reverse chronic noncommunicable diseases. Future clinical studies will show whether targeting endothelin receptors can prevent or reduce disability from disease and improve clinical outcome, quality of life, and survival in patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Barton
- From Molecular Internal Medicine, University of Zürich, Switzerland (M.B.)
- Andreas Grüntzig Foundation, Zürich, Switzerland (M.B.)
| | - Masashi Yanagisawa
- International Institute for Integrative Sleep Medicine (WPI-IIIS) and Life Science Center, Tsukuba Advanced Research Alliance, University of Tsukuba, Japan (M.Y.)
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX (M.Y.)
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Idris I, Sinrang AW, Arsyad A, Alwi S, Sandira MI. The rise of circulatory endothelin (ET)-1 and endothelin receptors (ET A, ET B) expression in kidney of obese wistar rat. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY, PATHOPHYSIOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2019; 11:31-35. [PMID: 31149325 PMCID: PMC6526386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2018] [Accepted: 03/23/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Endothelin (ET)-1, a circulatory protein, and its receptors (ETA and ETB) in various organs were reported to play a pivotal role in many diseases, including obesity. However, the changes of ETA and ETB expression in ventricle and kidney in obesity was less reported. The study is designed to observe the level of circulatory ET-1 and expression of ETA/ETB in ventricle and kidney of obese, as compared to non-obese, Wistar rats. METHODS Groups of obese 14 and 34 weeks Wistar rats were compared to non-obese controls at similar ages. The obesity status was achieved by feeding the with high calories protein diet CP 551 + milk powder, while the control group was fed with a standard calorie protein AD II diet. The concentration of circulatory ET-1, ETA and ETB of ventricle and kidney were measured by Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) technique after the termination of both groups at 14th and 24th weeks. RESULTS The level of circulatory ET-1, expression of ETA and ETB in kidney, and LDL of obese rats were significantly higher than control rats (T-Test, P<0.05) in the elder groups, while no differences of the ETA and ETB were found in the ventricle. No differences of the levels of circulatory ET-1, ETA and ETB expression were found between obese and control groups of younger rats (P>0.05). HDL levels were under normal value for both groups. CONCLUSION Obesity in elder obese rats leads to dysregulation of kidney vessels through activity of ET-1 and ETA/ETB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irfan Idris
- Department of Physiology, Medical Faculty, Hasanuddin University Indonesia
| | | | - Aryadi Arsyad
- Department of Physiology, Medical Faculty, Hasanuddin University Indonesia
| | - Syafrudin Alwi
- Department of Physiology, Medical Faculty, Hasanuddin University Indonesia
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Paradoxical lack of increase in endothelin-1 levels in obese mice - possible role of endothelin-B receptors. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2017; 38:1699-1700. [PMID: 29119971 DOI: 10.1038/aps.2017.155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2017] [Accepted: 10/26/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
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