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Bejarano-Pérez E, Sánchez-Zavaleta R, Albores A. Mechanistic insights into the impact of WIN 55, 212-2, a synthetic cannabinoid, on adhesion molecules PECAM-1 and VE-cadherin in HeLa cells: implications on cancer processes. Toxicol Mech Methods 2024:1-14. [PMID: 39228102 DOI: 10.1080/15376516.2024.2399132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2024] [Revised: 08/22/2024] [Accepted: 08/27/2024] [Indexed: 09/05/2024]
Abstract
The endocannabinoid (eCB) system comprises endogenous ligands, cannabinoid receptors (CBRs), and their regulatory proteins; its alteration leads to many diseases including cancer. Thus, becomes a therapeutic target for synthetic cannabinoids aimed to control cancer cell proliferation, migration, adhesion, and invasion. However, little is known about adhesion molecules regulation through CBRs activation. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of a CB1/CB2 agonist, WIN-55, 212-2 (WIN), on the regulation of adhesion molecules platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule-1 (PECAM-1) and vascular endothelial cadherin (VE-cadherin) in HeLa cells. CBRs expression was evaluated by immunofluorescence staining in HeLa cells and cell viability (thiazolyl blue tetrazolium bromide), cell adhesion (crystal violet), adhesion molecules expression and location (Western blot and immunofluorescence staining assays) were all assessed on cells treated with different WIN concentrations. Receptors CB1, CB2, and G-protein-coupled receptor 55 were expressed in HeLa cells. Additionally, biphasic effects were observed in their metabolic activity and adhesive properties: low WIN concentrations resulted in significant increases whereas, high ones decreased them compared to controls (p < 0.0001), demonstrating that WIN elicits opposite effects depending on the concentration and exposure time. PECAM-1 was detected in HeLa cell's cytoplasm, membrane, and perinuclear region, whereas VE-cadherin had a nuclear distribution. There were no significant differences in PECAM-1 and VE-cadherin expression and location, suggesting that WIN does not modulate these proteins. These findings support the potential use of WIN due to its anticancer properties without dysregulating adhesion molecules. WIN possible contribution to inhibit cancer progression should be further investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth Bejarano-Pérez
- Departamento de Toxicología, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional (CINVESTAV), Ciudad de México, México
| | - Rodolfo Sánchez-Zavaleta
- Laboratorio de Cannabinoides, Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Arnulfo Albores
- Departamento de Toxicología, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional (CINVESTAV), Ciudad de México, México
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2
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Akimov MG, Gretskaya NM, Gorbacheva EI, Khadour N, Chernavskaya VS, Sherstyanykh GD, Kovaleko TF, Fomina-Ageeva EV, Bezuglov VV. The Interaction of the Endocannabinoid Anandamide and Paracannabinoid Lysophosphatidylinositol during Cell Death Induction in Human Breast Cancer Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:2271. [PMID: 38396948 PMCID: PMC10888638 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25042271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2023] [Revised: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 02/10/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Endocannabinoid anandamide (AEA) and paracannabinoid lysophosphatidylinositol (LPI) play a significant role in cancer cell proliferation regulation. While anandamide inhibits the proliferation of cancer cells, LPI is known as a cancer stimulant. Despite the known endocannabinoid receptor crosstalk and simultaneous presence in the cancer microenvironment of both molecules, their combined activity has never been studied. We evaluated the effect of LPI on the AEA activity in six human breast cancer cell lines of different carcinogenicity (MCF-10A, MCF-7, BT-474, BT-20, SK-BR-3, MDA-MB-231) using resazurin and LDH tests after a 72 h incubation. AEA exerted both anti-proliferative and cytotoxic activity with EC50 in the range from 31 to 80 µM. LPI did not significantly affect the cell viability. Depending on the cell line, the response to the LPI-AEA combination varied from a decrease in AEA cytotoxicity to an increase in it. Based on the inhibitor analysis of the endocannabinoid receptor panel, we showed that for the former effect, an active GPR18 receptor was required and for the latter, an active CB2 receptor. The data obtained for the first time are important for the understanding the manner by which endocannabinoid receptor ligands acting simultaneously can modulate cancer growth at different stages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikhail G. Akimov
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Miklukho-Maklaya 16/10, 117997 Moscow, Russia; (N.M.G.); (E.I.G.); (N.K.); (V.S.C.); (G.D.S.); (T.F.K.); (E.V.F.-A.); (V.V.B.)
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3
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Oyama M, Sakamoto M, Kitabatake K, Shiina K, Kitahara D, Onozawa S, Nishino K, Sudo Y, Tsukimoto M. Involvement of Cannabinoid Receptors and Adenosine A2B Receptor in Enhanced Migration of Lung Cancer A549 Cells Induced by γ-Ray Irradiation. Biol Pharm Bull 2024; 47:60-71. [PMID: 37926527 DOI: 10.1248/bpb.b23-00631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
Residual cancer cells after radiation therapy may acquire malignant phenotypes such as enhanced motility and migration ability, and therefore it is important to identify targets for preventing radiation-induced malignancy in order to increase the effectiveness of radiotherapy. G-Protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) such as adenosine A2B receptor and cannabinoid receptors (CB1, CB2, and GPR55) may be involved, as they are known to have roles in proliferation, invasion, migration and tumor growth. In this study, we investigated the involvement of A2B and cannabinoid receptors in γ-radiation-induced enhancement of cell migration and actin remodeling, as well as the involvement of cannabinoid receptors in cell migration enhancement via activation of A2B receptor in human lung cancer A549 cells. Antagonists or knockdown of A2B, CB1, CB2, or GPR55 receptor suppressed γ-radiation-induced cell migration and actin remodeling. Furthermore, BAY60-6583 (an A2B receptor-specific agonist) enhanced cell migration and actin remodeling in A549 cells, and this enhancement was suppressed by antagonists or knockdown of CB2 or GPR55, though not CB1 receptor. Our results indicate that A2B receptors and cannabinoid CB1, CB2, and GPR55 receptors all contribute to γ-radiation-induced acquisition of malignant phenotypes, and in particular that interactions of A2B receptor and cannabinoid CB2 and GPR55 receptors play a role in promoting cell migration and actin remodeling. A2B receptor-cannabinoid receptor pathways may be promising targets for blocking the appearance of malignant phenotypes during radiotherapy of lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Misaki Oyama
- Department of Radiation Biosciences, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science
| | - Misaki Sakamoto
- Department of Radiation Biosciences, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science
| | - Kazuki Kitabatake
- Department of Radiation Biosciences, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science
| | - Kanami Shiina
- Department of Radiation Biosciences, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science
| | - Daisuke Kitahara
- Department of Radiation Biosciences, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science
| | - Sohei Onozawa
- Department of Radiation Biosciences, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science
| | - Keisuke Nishino
- Department of Radiation Biosciences, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science
| | - Yuka Sudo
- Department of Medicinal and Life Sciences, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science
| | - Mitsutoshi Tsukimoto
- Department of Radiation Biosciences, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science
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4
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Gretskaya N, Akimov M, Andreev D, Zalygin A, Belitskaya E, Zinchenko G, Fomina-Ageeva E, Mikhalyov I, Vodovozova E, Bezuglov V. Multicomponent Lipid Nanoparticles for RNA Transfection. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:pharmaceutics15041289. [PMID: 37111773 PMCID: PMC10141487 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15041289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Revised: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite the wide variety of available cationic lipid platforms for the delivery of nucleic acids into cells, the optimization of their composition has not lost its relevance. The purpose of this work was to develop multi-component cationic lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) with or without a hydrophobic core from natural lipids in order to evaluate the efficiency of LNPs with the widely used cationic lipoid DOTAP (1,2-dioleoyloxy-3-[trimethylammonium]-propane) and the previously unstudied oleoylcholine (Ol-Ch), as well as the ability of LNPs containing GM3 gangliosides to transfect cells with mRNA and siRNA. LNPs containing cationic lipids, phospholipids and cholesterol, and surfactants were prepared according to a three-stage procedure. The average size of the resulting LNPs was 176 nm (PDI 0.18). LNPs with DOTAP mesylate were more effective than those with Ol-Ch. Core LNPs demonstrated low transfection activity compared with bilayer LNPs. The type of phospholipid in LNPs was significant for the transfection of MDA-MB-231 and SW 620 cancer cells but not HEK 293T cells. LNPs with GM3 gangliosides were the most efficient for the delivery of mRNA to MDA-MB-231 cells and siRNA to SW620 cells. Thus, we developed a new lipid platform for the efficient delivery of RNA of various sizes to mammalian cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nataliya Gretskaya
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 117997, Russia
| | - Mikhail Akimov
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 117997, Russia
| | - Dmitry Andreev
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 117997, Russia
| | - Anton Zalygin
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 117997, Russia
- Department of Translational Medicine, National Research Nuclear University, Moscow Engineering Physics Institute, Moscow 115409, Russia
| | - Ekaterina Belitskaya
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 117997, Russia
- Department of Translational Medicine, National Research Nuclear University, Moscow Engineering Physics Institute, Moscow 115409, Russia
| | - Galina Zinchenko
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 117997, Russia
| | - Elena Fomina-Ageeva
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 117997, Russia
| | - Ilya Mikhalyov
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 117997, Russia
| | - Elena Vodovozova
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 117997, Russia
| | - Vladimir Bezuglov
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 117997, Russia
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Martínez-Aguilar LM, Ibarra-Sánchez A, Guerrero-Morán DJ, Macías-Silva M, Muñoz-Bello JO, Padilla A, Lizano M, González-Espinosa C. Lysophosphatidylinositol Promotes Chemotaxis and Cytokine Synthesis in Mast Cells with Differential Participation of GPR55 and CB2 Receptors. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24076316. [PMID: 37047288 PMCID: PMC10094727 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24076316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 03/11/2023] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Mast cells (MCs) are the main participants in the control of immune reactions associated with inflammation, allergies, defense against pathogens, and tumor growth. Bioactive lipids are lipophilic compounds able to modulate MC activation. Here, we explored some of the effects of the bioactive lipid lysophosphatidylinositol (LPI) on MCs. Utilizing murine bone marrow-derived mast cells (BMMCs), we found that LPI did not cause degranulation, but slightly increased FcεRI-dependent β-hexosaminidase release. However, LPI induced strong chemotaxis together with changes in LIM kinase (LIMK) and cofilin phosphorylation. LPI also promoted modifications to actin cytoskeleton dynamics that were detected by an increase in cell size and interruptions in the continuity of the cortical actin ring. The chemotaxis and cortical actin ring changes were dependent on GPR55 receptor activation, since the specific agonist O1602 mimicked the effects of LPI and the selective antagonist ML193 prevented them. The LPI and O1602-dependent stimulation of BMMC also led to VEGF, TNF, IL-1α, and IL-1β mRNA accumulation, but, in contrast with chemotaxis-related processes, the effects on cytokine transcription were dependent on GPR55 and cannabinoid (CB) 2 receptors, since they were sensitive to ML193 and to the specific CB2 receptor antagonist AM630. Remarkably, GPR55-dependent BMMC chemotaxis was observed towards conditioned media from distinct mouse and human cancer cells. Our data suggest that LPI induces the chemotaxis of MCs and leads to cytokine production in MC in vitro with the differential participation of GPR55 and CB2 receptors. These effects could play a significant role in the recruitment of MCs to tumors and the production of MC-derived pro-angiogenic factors in the tumor microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lizbeth Magnolia Martínez-Aguilar
- Departamento de Farmacobiología Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados (Cinvestav), Unidad Sede Sur. Calzada de los Tenorios No. 235, Col. Granjas Coapa, Tlalpan, Mexico City 14330, Mexico; (L.M.M.-A.); (A.I.-S.); (D.J.G.-M.)
| | - Alfredo Ibarra-Sánchez
- Departamento de Farmacobiología Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados (Cinvestav), Unidad Sede Sur. Calzada de los Tenorios No. 235, Col. Granjas Coapa, Tlalpan, Mexico City 14330, Mexico; (L.M.M.-A.); (A.I.-S.); (D.J.G.-M.)
| | - Daniel José Guerrero-Morán
- Departamento de Farmacobiología Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados (Cinvestav), Unidad Sede Sur. Calzada de los Tenorios No. 235, Col. Granjas Coapa, Tlalpan, Mexico City 14330, Mexico; (L.M.M.-A.); (A.I.-S.); (D.J.G.-M.)
| | - Marina Macías-Silva
- Departamento de Biología Celular y Desarrollo, Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito Exterior S/N, Ciudad Universitaria, Mexico City 04510, Mexico;
| | - Jesús Omar Muñoz-Bello
- Unidad de Investigación Biomédica en Cáncer, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Av. San Fernando No 22, Col. Sección XVI, Tlalpan, Mexico City 14080, Mexico; (J.O.M.-B.); (M.L.)
| | - Alejandro Padilla
- Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito Exterior S/N, Ciudad Universtiaria, Mexico City 04510, Mexico;
| | - Marcela Lizano
- Unidad de Investigación Biomédica en Cáncer, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Av. San Fernando No 22, Col. Sección XVI, Tlalpan, Mexico City 14080, Mexico; (J.O.M.-B.); (M.L.)
- Departamento de Medicina Genómica y Toxicología Ambiental, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito Exterior S/N, Ciudad Universitaria, Mexico City 04510, Mexico
| | - Claudia González-Espinosa
- Departamento de Farmacobiología Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados (Cinvestav), Unidad Sede Sur. Calzada de los Tenorios No. 235, Col. Granjas Coapa, Tlalpan, Mexico City 14330, Mexico; (L.M.M.-A.); (A.I.-S.); (D.J.G.-M.)
- Centro de Investigación sobre Envejecimiento (CIE), Cinvestav, Unidad Sede Sur. Calzada de los Tenorios No. 235 Col. Granjas Coapa, Tlalpan, Mexico City 14400, Mexico
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +52-5554-832800
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The Mechanisms of GPR55 Receptor Functional Selectivity during Apoptosis and Proliferation Regulation in Cancer Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24065524. [PMID: 36982628 PMCID: PMC10054013 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24065524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Revised: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 03/15/2023] Open
Abstract
GPR55 is a non-canonical cannabinoid receptor, important for cancer proliferation. Depending on the ligand, it induces either cell proliferation or death. The objective of the study was to establish the mechanisms of this multidirectional signaling. Using the CRISPR-Cas9 system, the GPR55, CB1, CB2, and GPR18 receptor knockouts of the MDA-MB-231 line were obtained. After the CB2 receptor knockout, the pro-apoptotic activity of the pro-apoptotic ligand docosahexaenoyl dopamine (DHA-DA) slightly increased, while the pro-proliferative activity of the most active synthetic ligand of the GPR55 receptor (ML-184) completely disappeared. On the original cell line, the stimulatory effect of ML-184 was removed by the CB2 receptor blocker and by GPR55 receptor knockout. Thus, it can be confidently assumed that when proliferation is stimulated with the participation of the GPR55 receptor, a signal is transmitted from the CB2 receptor to the GPR55 receptor due to the formation of a heterodimer. GPR18 was additionally involved in the implementation of the pro-apoptotic effect of DHA-DA, while the CB1 receptor is not involved. In the implementation of the pro-apoptotic action of DHA-DA, the elimination of Gα13 led to a decrease in cytotoxicity. The obtained data provide novel details to the mechanism of the pro-proliferative action of GPR55.
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Cherkasova V, Wang B, Gerasymchuk M, Fiselier A, Kovalchuk O, Kovalchuk I. Use of Cannabis and Cannabinoids for Treatment of Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:5142. [PMID: 36291926 PMCID: PMC9600568 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14205142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2022] [Revised: 10/03/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 07/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The endocannabinoid system (ECS) is an ancient homeostasis mechanism operating from embryonic stages to adulthood. It controls the growth and development of many cells and cell lineages. Dysregulation of the components of the ECS may result in uncontrolled proliferation, adhesion, invasion, inhibition of apoptosis and increased vascularization, leading to the development of various malignancies. Cancer is the disease of uncontrolled cell division. In this review, we will discuss whether the changes to the ECS are a cause or a consequence of malignization and whether different tissues react differently to changes in the ECS. We will discuss the potential use of cannabinoids for treatment of cancer, focusing on primary outcome/care-tumor shrinkage and eradication, as well as secondary outcome/palliative care-improvement of life quality, including pain, appetite, sleep, and many more factors. Finally, we will complete this review with the chapter on sex- and gender-specific differences in ECS and response to cannabinoids, and equality of the access to treatments with cannabinoids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viktoriia Cherkasova
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, AB T1K 3M4, Canada
| | - Bo Wang
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, AB T1K 3M4, Canada
| | - Marta Gerasymchuk
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, AB T1K 3M4, Canada
| | - Anna Fiselier
- Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - Olga Kovalchuk
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, AB T1K 3M4, Canada
| | - Igor Kovalchuk
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, AB T1K 3M4, Canada
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Altuna-Coy A, Ruiz-Plazas X, Sánchez-Martin S, Ascaso-Til H, Prados-Saavedra M, Alves-Santiago M, Bernal-Escoté X, Segarra-Tomás J, R Chacón M. The lipidomic profile of the tumoral periprostatic adipose tissue reveals alterations in tumor cell's metabolic crosstalk. BMC Med 2022; 20:255. [PMID: 35978404 PMCID: PMC9386931 DOI: 10.1186/s12916-022-02457-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Periprostatic adipose tissue (PPAT) plays a role in prostate cancer (PCa) progression. PPAT lipidomic composition study may allow us to understand the tumor metabolic microenvironment and provide new stratification factors. METHODS We used ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry-based non-targeted lipidomics to profile lipids in the PPAT of 40 patients with PCa (n = 20 with low-risk and n = 20 high-risk). Partial least squares-discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) and variable importance in projection (VIP) analysis were used to identify the most relevant features of PPAT between low- and high-risk PCa, and metabolite set enrichment analysis was used to detect disrupted metabolic pathways. Metabolic crosstalk between PPAT and PCa cell lines (PC-3 and LNCaP) was studied using ex vivo experiments. Lipid uptake and lipid accumulation were measured. Lipid metabolic-related genes (SREBP1, FASN, ACACA, LIPE, PPARG, CD36, PNPLA2, FABP4, CPT1A, FATP5, ADIPOQ), inflammatory markers (IL-6, IL-1B, TNFα), and tumor-related markers (ESRRA, MMP-9, TWIST1) were measured by RT-qPCR. RESULTS Significant differences in the content of 67 lipid species were identified in PPAT samples between high- and low-risk PCa. PLS-DA and VIP analyses revealed a discriminating lipidomic panel between low- and high-risk PCa, suggesting the occurrence of disordered lipid metabolism in patients related to PCa aggressiveness. Functional analysis revealed that alterations in fatty acid biosynthesis, linoleic acid metabolism, and β-oxidation of very long-chain fatty acids had the greatest impact in the PPAT lipidome. Gene analyses of PPAT samples demonstrated that the expression of genes associated with de novo fatty acid synthesis such as FASN and ACACA were significantly lower in PPAT from high-risk PCa than in low-risk counterparts. This was accompanied by the overexpression of inflammatory markers (IL-6, IL-1B, and TNFα). Co-culture of PPAT explants with PCa cell lines revealed a reduced gene expression of lipid metabolic-related genes (CD36, FASN, PPARG, and CPT1A), contrary to that observed in co-cultured PCa cell lines. This was followed by an increase in lipid uptake and lipid accumulation in PCa cells. Tumor-related genes were increased in co-cultured PCa cell lines. CONCLUSIONS Disturbances in PPAT lipid metabolism of patients with high-risk PCa are associated with tumor cell metabolic changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Altuna-Coy
- Disease Biomarkers and Molecular Mechanisms Group, Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgilii, Joan XXIII University Hospital, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, C/ Dr. Mallafré Guasch, 4. 43007, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Xavier Ruiz-Plazas
- Disease Biomarkers and Molecular Mechanisms Group, Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgilii, Joan XXIII University Hospital, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, C/ Dr. Mallafré Guasch, 4. 43007, Tarragona, Spain.,Urology Unit, Joan XXIII University Hospital, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Silvia Sánchez-Martin
- Disease Biomarkers and Molecular Mechanisms Group, Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgilii, Joan XXIII University Hospital, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, C/ Dr. Mallafré Guasch, 4. 43007, Tarragona, Spain
| | | | | | - Marta Alves-Santiago
- Disease Biomarkers and Molecular Mechanisms Group, Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgilii, Joan XXIII University Hospital, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, C/ Dr. Mallafré Guasch, 4. 43007, Tarragona, Spain.,Urology Unit, Joan XXIII University Hospital, Tarragona, Spain
| | | | - José Segarra-Tomás
- Disease Biomarkers and Molecular Mechanisms Group, Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgilii, Joan XXIII University Hospital, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, C/ Dr. Mallafré Guasch, 4. 43007, Tarragona, Spain. .,Urology Unit, Joan XXIII University Hospital, Tarragona, Spain.
| | - Matilde R Chacón
- Disease Biomarkers and Molecular Mechanisms Group, Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgilii, Joan XXIII University Hospital, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, C/ Dr. Mallafré Guasch, 4. 43007, Tarragona, Spain.
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9
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Ceni C, Benko MJ, Mohamed KA, Poli G, Di Stefano M, Tuccinardi T, Digiacomo M, Valoti M, Laprairie RB, Macchia M, Bertini S. Novel Potent and Selective Agonists of the GPR55 Receptor Based on the 3-Benzylquinolin-2(1H)-One Scaffold. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:ph15070768. [PMID: 35890067 PMCID: PMC9320067 DOI: 10.3390/ph15070768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Revised: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 06/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
A growing body of evidence underlines the crucial role of GPR55 in physiological and pathological conditions. In fact, GPR55 has recently emerged as a therapeutic target for several diseases, including cancer and neurodegenerative and metabolic disorders. Several lines of evidence highlight GPR55′s involvement in the regulation of microglia-mediated neuroinflammation, although the exact molecular mechanism has not been yet elucidated. Nevertheless, there are only a limited number of selective GPR55 ligands reported in the literature. In this work, we designed and synthesized a series of novel GPR55 ligands based on the 3-benzylquinolin-2(1H)-one scaffold, some of which showed excellent binding properties (with Ki values in the low nanomolar range) and almost complete selectivity over cannabinoid receptors. The full agonist profile of all the new derivatives was assessed using the p-ERK activation assay and a computational study was conducted to predict the key interactions with the binding site of the receptor. Our data outline a preliminary structure–activity relationship (SAR) for this class of molecules at GPR55. Some of our compounds are among the most potent GPR55 agonists developed to date and could be useful as tools to validate this receptor as a therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Costanza Ceni
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Via Bonanno Pisano 6, 56126 Pisa, Italy
- Doctoral School in Life Sciences, University of Siena, Via Aldo Moro 2, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Michael J Benko
- College of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E5, Canada
| | - Kawthar A Mohamed
- College of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E5, Canada
| | - Giulio Poli
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Via Bonanno Pisano 6, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Miriana Di Stefano
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Via Bonanno Pisano 6, 56126 Pisa, Italy
- Doctoral School in Life Sciences, University of Siena, Via Aldo Moro 2, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Tiziano Tuccinardi
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Via Bonanno Pisano 6, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Maria Digiacomo
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Via Bonanno Pisano 6, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Massimo Valoti
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Siena, Via Aldo Moro 2, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Robert B Laprairie
- College of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E5, Canada
| | - Marco Macchia
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Via Bonanno Pisano 6, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Simone Bertini
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Via Bonanno Pisano 6, 56126 Pisa, Italy
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10
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Calvillo-Robledo A, Cervantes-Villagrana RD, Morales P, Marichal-Cancino BA. The oncogenic lysophosphatidylinositol (LPI)/GPR55 signaling. Life Sci 2022; 301:120596. [PMID: 35500681 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2022.120596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2022] [Revised: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
GPR55 is a class A orphan G protein-coupled receptor that has drawn important therapeutic attention in the last decade because of its role in pathophysiological processes including vascular functions, metabolic dysfunction, neurodegenerative disorders, or bone turnover among others. Several cannabinoids of phytogenic, endogenous, and synthetic nature have shown to modulate this receptor leading to propose it as a member of the endocannabinoid system. The putative endogenous GPR55 ligand is L-α-lysophosphatidylinositol (LPI) and it has been associated with several processes that control cell survival and tumor progression. The relevance of GPR55 in cancer is currently being extensively studied in vitro and in vivo using diverse cancer models. The LPI/GPR55 axis has been reported to participate in pro-oncogenic processes including cellular proliferation, differentiation, migration, invasion, and metastasis being altered in several cancer cells via G12/13 and Gq signaling. Moreover, GRP55 and its bioactive lipid have been proposed as potential biomarkers for cancer diagnosis. Indeed, GPR55 overexpression or high expression has been shown to correlate with cancer aggressiveness in specific tumors including acute myeloid leukemia, uveal melanoma, low grade glioma and renal cancer. This review aims to analyze and summarize current evidence on the cancerogenic role of the LPI/GPR55 axis providing a critical view of the therapeutic prospects of this promising target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Argelia Calvillo-Robledo
- Departamento de Fisiología y Farmacología, Centro de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad Autónoma de Aguascalientes, Ciudad Universitaria, 20131 Aguascalientes, Ags., Mexico
| | | | - Paula Morales
- Instituto de Química Médica, CSIC, 28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - Bruno A Marichal-Cancino
- Departamento de Fisiología y Farmacología, Centro de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad Autónoma de Aguascalientes, Ciudad Universitaria, 20131 Aguascalientes, Ags., Mexico.
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11
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HBXIP is a novel regulator of the unfolded protein response that sustains tamoxifen resistance in ER+ breast cancer. J Biol Chem 2022; 298:101644. [PMID: 35093383 PMCID: PMC8908272 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2022.101644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2021] [Revised: 01/16/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Endocrine-therapy-resistant estrogen receptor–positive (ER+) breast cancer cells often exhibit an augmented capacity to maintain endoplasmic reticulum (EnR) homeostasis under adverse conditions. Oncoprotein hepatitis B X-interacting protein (HBXIP) is a known transcriptional coactivator that promotes cancer development. However, it is unclear whether HBXIP participates in maintaining EnR homeostasis and promoting drug resistance in ER+ breast cancer. Here, we report that tamoxifen-resistant (TmaR) breast cancer cells exhibit increased expression of HBXIP, which acts as an inactivator of the unfolded protein response (UPR) to diminish tamoxifen-induced EnR stress. We show that HBXIP deficiency promotes EnR-associated degradation, enhances UPR-element reporter activity and cellular oxidative stress, and ultimately attenuates the growth of TmaR cells in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, we demonstrate that HBXIP acts as a chaperone of UPR transducer inositol-requiring enzyme 1a and diminishes production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in TamR breast cancer cells. Upon loss of HBXIP expression, tamoxifen treatment hyperactivates IRE1α and its downstream proapoptotic pathways and simultaneously induces accumulation of intracellular ROS. This elevated ROS programmatically activates the other two branches of the UPR, mediated by PKR-like ER kinase and activating transcription factor 6α. Clinical investigations and Kaplan–Meier plotter analysis revealed that HBXIP is highly expressed in TamR breast cancer tissues. Furthermore, reinforced HBXIP expression is associated with a high recurrence and poor relapse-free survival rates in tamoxifen monotherapy ER+ breast cancer patients. These findings indicate that HBXIP is a regulator of EnR homeostasis and a potential target for TamR breast cancer therapy.
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12
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Glogauer J, Blay J. Cannabinoids, their cellular receptors, and effects on the invasive phenotype of carcinoma and metastasis. Cancer Rep (Hoboken) 2022; 5:e1475. [PMID: 34313032 PMCID: PMC8842690 DOI: 10.1002/cnr2.1475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2021] [Revised: 05/20/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The morbidity and mortality of cancer are significantly impacted by the invasive and metastatic potential of particular subgroups of malignant cells within a tumor. The particular pre-metastatic properties of cancerous cells are thus a critical target for novel therapeutics in the oncology field. Cannabinoid molecules have been investigated in recent years in the context of invasion and metastasis of various malignancies, with varying effects reported in the literature. RECENT FINDINGS There was substantial variability in the findings reported by the literature of the effects of cannabinoid molecules on cancer cell invasion and metastasis. These effects varied depending on which ligand and which of the CB1, CB2, or GPR55 receptors were investigated. These findings suggest a role for the phenomenon of biased signaling in explaining the diversity of effects of cannabinoid molecules on cancer cell invasion. CONCLUSION While substantially more investigation is required into the effects of cannabinoid molecules on cancer cell invasion and metastasis, we describe in this review the significant diversity in the responses of cancer cells to cannabinoid molecules in terms of their invasive and metastatic capacities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Judah Glogauer
- Michael G. DeGroote School of MedicineMcMaster University Waterloo Regional CampusKitchenerOntarioCanada
| | - Jonathan Blay
- School of PharmacyUniversity of WaterlooWaterlooOntarioCanada
- Department of PathologyDalhousie UniversityHalifaxNova ScotiaCanada
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13
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Mast Cell–Tumor Interactions: Molecular Mechanisms of Recruitment, Intratumoral Communication and Potential Therapeutic Targets for Tumor Growth. Cells 2022; 11:cells11030349. [PMID: 35159157 PMCID: PMC8834237 DOI: 10.3390/cells11030349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2021] [Revised: 01/08/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Mast cells (MCs) are tissue-resident immune cells that are important players in diseases associated with chronic inflammation such as cancer. Since MCs can infiltrate solid tumors and promote or limit tumor growth, a possible polarization of MCs to pro-tumoral or anti-tumoral phenotypes has been proposed and remains as a challenging research field. Here, we review the recent evidence regarding the complex relationship between MCs and tumor cells. In particular, we consider: (1) the multifaceted role of MCs on tumor growth suggested by histological analysis of tumor biopsies and studies performed in MC-deficient animal models; (2) the signaling pathways triggered by tumor-derived chemotactic mediators and bioactive lipids that promote MC migration and modulate their function inside tumors; (3) the possible phenotypic changes on MCs triggered by prevalent conditions in the tumor microenvironment (TME) such as hypoxia; (4) the signaling pathways that specifically lead to the production of angiogenic factors, mainly VEGF; and (5) the possible role of MCs on tumor fibrosis and metastasis. Finally, we discuss the novel literature on the molecular mechanisms potentially related to phenotypic changes that MCs undergo into the TME and some therapeutic strategies targeting MC activation to limit tumor growth.
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14
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Wnorowski A, Wójcik J, Maj M. Gene Expression Data Mining Reveals the Involvement of GPR55 and Its Endogenous Ligands in Immune Response, Cancer, and Differentiation. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222413328. [PMID: 34948125 PMCID: PMC8707311 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222413328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2021] [Revised: 12/05/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
G protein-coupled receptor 55 (GPR55) is a recently deorphanized lipid- and peptide-sensing receptor. Its lipidic endogenous agonists belong to lysoglycerophospholipids, with lysophosphatidylinositol (LPI) being the most studied. Peptide agonists derive from fragmentation of pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide (PACAP). Although GPR55 and its ligands were implicated in several physiological and pathological conditions, their biological function remains unclear. Thus, the aim of the study was to conduct a large-scale re-analysis of publicly available gene expression datasets to identify physiological and pathological conditions affecting the expression of GPR55 and the production of its ligands. The study revealed that regulation of GPR55 occurs predominantly in the context of immune activation pointing towards the role of the receptor in response to pathogens and in immune cell lineage determination. Additionally, it was revealed that there is almost no overlap between the experimental conditions affecting the expression of GPR55 and those modulating agonist production. The capacity to synthesize LPI was enhanced in various types of tumors, indicating that cancer cells can hijack the motility-related activity of GPR55 to increase aggressiveness. Conditions favoring accumulation of PACAP-derived peptides were different than those for LPI and were mainly related to differentiation. This indicates a different function of the two agonist classes and possibly the existence of a signaling bias.
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15
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Iozzo M, Sgrignani G, Comito G, Chiarugi P, Giannoni E. Endocannabinoid System and Tumour Microenvironment: New Intertwined Connections for Anticancer Approaches. Cells 2021; 10:cells10123396. [PMID: 34943903 PMCID: PMC8699381 DOI: 10.3390/cells10123396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2021] [Revised: 11/24/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The tumour microenvironment (TME) is now recognised as a hallmark of cancer, since tumour:stroma crosstalk supports the key steps of tumour growth and progression. The dynamic co-evolution of the tumour and stromal compartments may alter the surrounding microenvironment, including the composition in metabolites and signalling mediators. A growing number of evidence reports the involvement of the endocannabinoid system (ECS) in cancer. ECS is composed by a complex network of ligands, receptors, and enzymes, which act in synergy and contribute to several physiological but also pathological processes. Several in vitro and in vivo evidence show that ECS deregulation in cancer cells affects proliferation, migration, invasion, apoptosis, and metastatic potential. Although it is still an evolving research, recent experimental evidence also suggests that ECS can modulate the functional behaviour of several components of the TME, above all the immune cells, endothelial cells and stromal components. However, the role of ECS in the tumour:stroma interplay remains unclear and research in this area is particularly intriguing. This review aims to shed light on the latest relevant findings of the tumour response to ECS modulation, encouraging a more in-depth analysis in this field. Novel discoveries could be promising for novel anti-tumour approaches, targeting the microenvironmental components and the supportive tumour:stroma crosstalk, thereby hindering tumour development.
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16
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Taware R, More TH, Bagadi M, Taunk K, Mane A, Rapole S. Lipidomics investigations into the tissue phospholipidomic landscape of invasive ductal carcinoma of the breast. RSC Adv 2020; 11:397-407. [PMID: 35423059 PMCID: PMC8690848 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra07368g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2020] [Accepted: 11/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The need of identifying alternative therapeutic targets for invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC) of the breast with high specificity and sensitivity for effective therapeutic intervention is crucial for lowering the risk of fatality. Lipidomics has emerged as a key area for the discovery of potential candidates owing to its several shared pathways between cancer cell proliferation and survival. In the current study, we performed comparative phospholipidomic analysis of IDC, benign and control tissue samples of the breast to identify the significant lipid alterations associated with malignant transformation. A total of 33 each age-matched tissue samples from malignant, benign and control were analyzed to identify the altered phospholipids by using liquid chromatography-multiple reaction monitoring mass spectrometry (LC-MRM/MS). A combination of univariate and multivariate statistical approaches was used to select the phospholipid species with the highest contribution in group segregation. Furthermore, these altered phospholipids were structurally confirmed by tandem mass spectrometry. A total of 244 phospholipids were detected consistently at quantifiable levels, out of which 32 were significantly altered in IDC of the breast. Moreover, in pairwise comparison of IDC against benign and control samples, 11 phospholipids were found to be significantly differentially expressed. Particularly, LPI 20:3, PE (22:1/22:2), LPE 20:0 and PC (20:4/22:4) were observed to be most significantly associated with IDC tissue samples. Apart from that, we also identified that long-chain unsaturated fatty acids were enriched in the IDC tissue samples as compared to benign and control samples, indicating its possible association with the invasive phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ravindra Taware
- Proteomics Lab, National Centre for Cell Science Ganeshkhind Pune-411007 MH India +91-20-2569-2259 +91-20-2570-8075
| | - Tushar H More
- Proteomics Lab, National Centre for Cell Science Ganeshkhind Pune-411007 MH India +91-20-2569-2259 +91-20-2570-8075
| | - Muralidhararao Bagadi
- Proteomics Lab, National Centre for Cell Science Ganeshkhind Pune-411007 MH India +91-20-2569-2259 +91-20-2570-8075
| | - Khushman Taunk
- Proteomics Lab, National Centre for Cell Science Ganeshkhind Pune-411007 MH India +91-20-2569-2259 +91-20-2570-8075
| | - Anupama Mane
- Grant Medical Foundation, Ruby Hall Clinic Pune-411001 MH India
| | - Srikanth Rapole
- Proteomics Lab, National Centre for Cell Science Ganeshkhind Pune-411007 MH India +91-20-2569-2259 +91-20-2570-8075
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17
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Xiu M, Zeng X, Shan R, Wen W, Li J, Wan R. The oncogenic role of HBXIP. Biomed Pharmacother 2020; 133:111045. [PMID: 33378953 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2020.111045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2020] [Revised: 11/14/2020] [Accepted: 11/19/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatitis B X-interacting protein (HBXIP) is a conserved protein of 19 kDa that was originally identified as a binding partner of hepatitis B virus X protein. Emerging evidence indicates that HBXIP is highly expressed in a variety of cancers and is correlated with poor clinical outcomes in cancer patients. HBXIP plays a critical role in cancer progression, but the underlying mechanisms are still unclear. In this review, we primarily focus on publications investigating HBXIP in cancer research, including its expression and clinical significance in cancer patients, its role as a coactivator of transcription factors in cancer cells, its inhibitory effects on the mitochondrial cytochrome c-caspase apoptotic pathway, as well as its roles in promoting mitosis and drug resistance in cancer cells, its regulatory effects on cancer metabolism, and its relationships with other signaling pathways or microRNAs in cancer. This review aims to compile and summarize existing knowledge of the functions of HBXIP in cancer, which provides a comprehensive reference for future studies on the oncogenic mechanisms of HBXIP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengxi Xiu
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China; Second Clinical Medical College, Nanchang University, China
| | - Xiaohong Zeng
- Imaging Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Renfeng Shan
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Wu Wen
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Jianfeng Li
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Renhua Wan
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China.
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18
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Stasiulewicz A, Znajdek K, Grudzień M, Pawiński T, Sulkowska JI. A Guide to Targeting the Endocannabinoid System in Drug Design. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21082778. [PMID: 32316328 PMCID: PMC7216112 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21082778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2020] [Revised: 04/07/2020] [Accepted: 04/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The endocannabinoid system (ECS) is one of the most crucial systems in the human organism, exhibiting multi-purpose regulatory character. It is engaged in a vast array of physiological processes, including nociception, mood regulation, cognitive functions, neurogenesis and neuroprotection, appetite, lipid metabolism, as well as cell growth and proliferation. Thus, ECS proteins, including cannabinoid receptors and their endogenous ligands’ synthesizing and degrading enzymes, are promising therapeutic targets. Their modulation has been employed in or extensively studied as a treatment of multiple diseases. However, due to a complex nature of ECS and its crosstalk with other biological systems, the development of novel drugs turned out to be a challenging task. In this review, we summarize potential therapeutic applications for ECS-targeting drugs, especially focusing on promising synthetic compounds and preclinical studies. We put emphasis on modulation of specific proteins of ECS in different pathophysiological areas. In addition, we stress possible difficulties and risks and highlight proposed solutions. By presenting this review, we point out information pivotal in the spotlight of ECS-targeting drug design, as well as provide an overview of the current state of knowledge on ECS-related pharmacodynamics and show possible directions for needed research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam Stasiulewicz
- Department of Drug Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland; (M.G.); (T.P.)
- Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Biological Systems Modelling, Centre of New Technologies, University of Warsaw, Banacha 2c, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland;
- Correspondence: (A.S.); (J.I.S.)
| | - Katarzyna Znajdek
- Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Biological Systems Modelling, Centre of New Technologies, University of Warsaw, Banacha 2c, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland;
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Monika Grudzień
- Department of Drug Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland; (M.G.); (T.P.)
| | - Tomasz Pawiński
- Department of Drug Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland; (M.G.); (T.P.)
| | - Joanna I. Sulkowska
- Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Biological Systems Modelling, Centre of New Technologies, University of Warsaw, Banacha 2c, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland;
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Warsaw, Pasteura 1, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland
- Materials and Process Simulation Center, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
- Correspondence: (A.S.); (J.I.S.)
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19
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Tomko A, O'Leary L, Trask H, Achenbach JC, Hall SR, Goralski KB, Ellis LD, Dupré DJ. Antitumor Activity of Abnormal Cannabidiol and Its Analog O-1602 in Taxol-Resistant Preclinical Models of Breast Cancer. Front Pharmacol 2019; 10:1124. [PMID: 31611800 PMCID: PMC6777324 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2019.01124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2019] [Accepted: 08/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Cannabinoids exhibit anti-inflammatory and antitumorigenic properties. Contrary to most cannabinoids present in the Cannabis plant, some, such as O-1602 and abnormal cannabidiol, have no or only little affinity to the CB1 or CB2 cannabinoid receptors and instead exert their effects through other receptors. Here, we investigated whether the synthetic regioisomers of cannabidiol, abnormal cannabidiol, and a closely related compound, O-1602, display antitumorigenic effects in cellular models of breast cancer and whether it could reduce tumorigenesis in vivo. Several studies have shown the effects of cannabinoids on chemotherapy-sensitive breast cancer cell lines, but less is known about the antitumorigenic effects of cannabinoids in chemotherapy-resistant cell lines. Paclitaxel-resistant MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7 breast cancer cell lines were used to study the effect of O-1602 and abnormal cannabidiol on viability, apoptosis, and migration. The effects of O-1602 and abnormal cannabidiol on cell viability were completely blocked by the combination of GPR55 and GPR18-specific siRNAs. Both O-1602 and abnormal cannabidiol decreased viability in paclitaxel-resistant breast cancer cells in a concentration-dependent manner through induction of apoptosis. The effect of these cannabinoids on tumor growth in vivo was studied in a zebrafish xenograft model. In this model, treatment with O-1602 and abnormal cannabidiol (2 µM) significantly reduced tumor growth. Our results suggest that atypical cannabinoids, like O-1602 and abnormal cannabidiol, exert antitumorigenic effects on paclitaxel-resistant breast cancer cells. Due to their lack of central sedation and psychoactive effects, these atypical cannabinoids could represent new leads for the development of additional anticancer treatments when resistance to conventional chemotherapy occurs during the treatment of breast and possibly other cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Tomko
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Canada
| | - Lauren O'Leary
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Canada
| | - Hilary Trask
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Canada
| | - John C Achenbach
- Aquatic and Crop Resource Development Research Center, National Research Council of Canada, Halifax, Canada
| | - Steven R Hall
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Canada.,College of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Canada
| | - Kerry B Goralski
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Canada.,College of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Canada
| | - Lee D Ellis
- College of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Canada
| | - Denis J Dupré
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Canada
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20
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Badolato M, Carullo G, Caroleo MC, Cione E, Aiello F, Manetti F. Discovery of 1,4-Naphthoquinones as a New Class of Antiproliferative Agents Targeting GPR55. ACS Med Chem Lett 2019; 10:402-406. [PMID: 30996770 DOI: 10.1021/acsmedchemlett.8b00333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2018] [Accepted: 02/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
A new series of 1,4-naphthoquinones, bearing various cyclic and aliphatic amines on C2, was designed and synthesized to identify antiproliferative agents for triple-negative breast cancer, which represents a clinical challenge without targeted therapies. Among naphthoquinones, 2a and 3a inhibited the proliferation of MDA-MB-231 cells (EC50 = 1.6 and 2.7 μM, respectively), compared to primary human breast cells MCF10A. Furthermore, they did not affect the viability of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC), suggesting their potential safer use for cancer treatment. Recently, correlations have emerged between the expression of G protein-coupled receptor 55 (GPR55) and both triple-negative breast cancer development and invasion, making it a promising target for the development of targeted therapies. Based on this evidence, molecular docking studies supported the hypothesis of binding to GPR55, and pharmacological tests suggested that compound 3a could exert its antiproliferative activity acting as a GPR55 inverse agonist.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariateresa Badolato
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences − Department of Excellence 2018-2022, University of Calabria, Ed. Polifunzionale, 87036 Arcavacata di Rende (CS), Italy
| | - Gabriele Carullo
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences − Department of Excellence 2018-2022, University of Calabria, Ed. Polifunzionale, 87036 Arcavacata di Rende (CS), Italy
| | - Maria Cristina Caroleo
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences − Department of Excellence 2018-2022, University of Calabria, Ed. Polifunzionale, 87036 Arcavacata di Rende (CS), Italy
| | - Erika Cione
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences − Department of Excellence 2018-2022, University of Calabria, Ed. Polifunzionale, 87036 Arcavacata di Rende (CS), Italy
| | - Francesca Aiello
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences − Department of Excellence 2018-2022, University of Calabria, Ed. Polifunzionale, 87036 Arcavacata di Rende (CS), Italy
| | - Fabrizio Manetti
- Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Pharmacy − Department of Excellence 2018-2022, University of Siena, Via Aldo Moro 2, 53100 Siena, Italy
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21
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Zhou XL, Zhu CY, Wu ZG, Guo X, Zou W. The oncoprotein HBXIP competitively binds KEAP1 to activate NRF2 and enhance breast cancer cell growth and metastasis. Oncogene 2019; 38:4028-4046. [PMID: 30692632 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-019-0698-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2018] [Revised: 12/11/2018] [Accepted: 01/04/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
The nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 (NRF2)-Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (KEAP1) signaling cascades is a key transcriptional pathway governing cellular oxidative stress and tumor development. Mammalian hepatitis B X-interacting protein (HBXIP) has critical roles in modulating cancer malignance and tumor progression. However, whether HBXIP interacts with KEAP1 and NRF2 is unclear. Here, we found that HBXIP can effectually compete with NRF2 for binding with KEAP1 protein via its highly conserved GLNLG motif. The HBXIP-mediated reduction in NRF2-KEAP1 complexes promotes NRF2 accumulation and nuclear entry, which facilities the activation of antioxidant response element (ARE)-dependent signaling cascades, thereby reducing the accumulation of endogenous cellular reactive oxygen species (ROS). We also found a strong positive correlation between HBXIP expression and NRF2 expression in breast cancer cells, tissue microarrays and clinical breast cancer tissues. Furthermore, this positive correlation was further confirmed via analysis of 1905 clinical cases of breast carcinoma provided by the cancer genomics database cBioPortal. Strikingly, disrupting the HBXIP-KEAP1 axis via mutating the GLNLG motif of HBXIP leads to potent inhibition of the malignancy of breast carcinoma both in vivo and in vitro. Our findings broaden our understanding of HBXIP as a modulation factor of cellular oxidative stress and address a novel regulatory mechanism governing redox homeostasis and the progression of breast carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Lei Zhou
- Public R&D Center of Bio-Manufacture, Hebei University of Science and Technology, 050018, Shijiazhuang, China.
| | - Chong-Yue Zhu
- Public R&D Center of Bio-Manufacture, Hebei University of Science and Technology, 050018, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Zhi-Gang Wu
- Public R&D Center of Bio-Manufacture, Hebei University of Science and Technology, 050018, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Xin Guo
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Pathology, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, 8-35-1 Sakuragaoka, Kagoshima, 890-8544, Japan
| | - Wei Zou
- Public R&D Center of Bio-Manufacture, Hebei University of Science and Technology, 050018, Shijiazhuang, China
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The oncoprotein HBXIP promotes human breast cancer growth through down-regulating p53 via miR-18b/MDM2 and pAKT/MDM2 pathways. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2018; 39:1787-1796. [PMID: 30181579 DOI: 10.1038/s41401-018-0034-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2018] [Accepted: 03/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Mammalian hepatitis B X-interacting protein (HBXIP) is an 18-kDa protein that regulates a large number of transcription factors such as TF-IID, E2F1, SP1, STAT3, c-Myc, and LXR by serving as an oncogenic transcription coactivator and plays an important role in the development of breast cancer. We previously showed that HBXIP as an oncoprotein could enhance the promoter activity of MDM2 through coactivating p53, promoting the MDM2 transcription in breast cancer. In this study we investigated the molecular mechanisms underlying the modulation of MDM2/p53 interaction by HBXIP in human breast cancer MCF-7 cells in vitro and in vivo. We showed that HBXIP could up-regulate MDM2 through inducing DNA methylation of miR-18b, thus suppressing the miR-18b expression, leading to the attenuation of p53 in breast cancer cells. In addition, HBXIP could promote the phosphorylation of MDM2 by increasing the level of pAKT and bind to pMDM2, subsequently enhancing the interaction between MDM2 and p53 for the down-regulation of p53 in breast cancer cells. In MCF-7 breast cancer xenograft nude mice, we also observed that overexpression of HBXIP promoted breast cancer growth through the miR-18b/MDM2 and pAKT/MDM2 pathways. In conclusion, oncoprotein HBXIP suppresses miR-18b to elevate MDM2 and activates pAKT to phosphorylate MDM2 for enhancing the interaction between MDM2 and p53, leading to p53 degradation in promotion of breast cancer growth. Our findings shed light on a novel mechanism of p53 down-regulation during the development of breast cancer.
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