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Bin Masroni MS, Ling Eng GW, Jeon AJ, Gao Y, Cheng H, Leong SM, Cheong JK, Hue SSS, Tan SY. MicroRNA expression signature as a biomarker in the diagnosis of nodal T-cell lymphomas. Cancer Cell Int 2024; 24:48. [PMID: 38291429 PMCID: PMC10826179 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-024-03226-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/01/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The diagnosis of T-cell lymphomas is typically established through a multiparameter approach that combines clinical, morphologic, immunophenotypic, and genetic features, utilizing a variety of histopathologic and molecular techniques. However, accurate diagnosis of such lymphomas and distinguishing them from reactive lymph nodes remains challenging due to their low prevalence and heterogeneous features, hence limiting the confidence of pathologists. We investigated the use of microRNA (miRNA) expression signatures as an adjunctive tool in the diagnosis and classification of T-cell lymphomas that involve lymph nodes. This study seeks to distinguish reactive lymph nodes (RLN) from two types of frequently occurring nodal T-cell lymphomas: nodal T-follicular helper (TFH) cell lymphomas (nTFHL) and peripheral T-cell lymphomas, not otherwise specified (nPTCL). METHODS From the formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) samples from a cohort of 88 subjects, 246 miRNAs were quantified and analyzed by differential expression. Two-class logistic regression and random forest plot models were built to distinguish RLN from the nodal T-cell lymphomas. Gene set enrichment analysis was performed on the target genes of the miRNA to identify pathways and transcription factors that may be regulated by the differentially expressed miRNAs in each subtype. RESULTS Using logistic regression analysis, we identified miRNA signatures that can distinguish RLN from nodal T-cell lymphomas (AUC of 0.92 ± 0.05), from nTFHL (AUC of 0.94 ± 0.05) and from nPTCL (AUC of 0.94 ± 0.08). Random forest plot modelling was also capable of distinguishing between RLN and nodal T-cell lymphomas, but performed worse than logistic regression. However, the miRNA signatures are not able to discriminate between nTFHL and nPTCL, owing to large similarity in miRNA expression patterns. Bioinformatic analysis of the gene targets of unique miRNA expression revealed the enrichment of both known and potentially understudied signalling pathways and genes in such lymphomas. CONCLUSION This study suggests that miRNA biomarkers may serve as a promising, cost-effective tool to aid the diagnosis of nodal T-cell lymphomas, which can be challenging. Bioinformatic analysis of differentially expressed miRNAs revealed both relevant or understudied signalling pathways that may contribute to the progression and development of each T-cell lymphoma entity. This may help us gain further insight into the biology of T-cell lymphomagenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Sufyan Bin Masroni
- Department of Pathology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore (NUS), Singapore, 117596, Singapore
| | | | - Ah-Jung Jeon
- MiRXES Lab Pte Ltd, Singapore, 138667, Singapore
| | - Yuan Gao
- MiRXES Lab Pte Ltd, Singapore, 138667, Singapore
| | - He Cheng
- MiRXES Lab Pte Ltd, Singapore, 138667, Singapore
| | - Sai Mun Leong
- Department of Pathology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore (NUS), Singapore, 117596, Singapore
- NUS Centre for Cancer Research, Singapore, 117599, Singapore
| | - Jit Kong Cheong
- NUS Centre for Cancer Research, Singapore, 117599, Singapore
- Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore (NUS), Singapore, 117596, Singapore
| | - Susan Swee-Shan Hue
- Department of Pathology, National University Hospital, Singapore, 119077, Singapore.
- Department of Pathology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore (NUS), Singapore, 117596, Singapore.
- NUS Centre for Cancer Research, Singapore, 117599, Singapore.
| | - Soo Yong Tan
- Department of Pathology, National University Hospital, Singapore, 119077, Singapore.
- Department of Pathology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore (NUS), Singapore, 117596, Singapore.
- Advanced Molecular Pathology Laboratory, Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore, 138673, Singapore.
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2
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Mondal D, Shinde S, Paul S, Thakur S, Velu GSK, Tiwari AK, Dixit V, Amit A, Vishvakarma NK, Shukla D. Diagnostic significance of dysregulated miRNAs in T-cell malignancies and their metabolic roles. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1230273. [PMID: 37637043 PMCID: PMC10448964 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1230273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023] Open
Abstract
T-cell malignancy is a broad term used for a diverse group of disease subtypes representing dysfunctional malignant T cells transformed at various stages of their clonal evolution. Despite having similar clinical manifestations, these disease groups have different disease progressions and diagnostic parameters. The effective diagnosis and prognosis of such a diverse disease group demands testing of molecular entities that capture footprints of the disease physiology in its entirety. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a group of noncoding RNA molecules that regulate the expression of genes and, while doing so, leave behind specific miRNA signatures corresponding to cellular expression status in an altered stage of a disease. Using miRNAs as a diagnostic tool is justified, as they can effectively distinguish expressional diversity between various tumors and within subtypes of T-cell malignancies. As global attention for cancer diagnosis shifts toward liquid biopsy, diagnosis using miRNAs is more relevant in blood cancers than in solid tumors. We also lay forward the diagnostic significance of miRNAs that are indicative of subtype, progression, severity, therapy response, and relapse. This review discusses the potential use and the role of miRNAs, miRNA signatures, or classifiers in the diagnosis of major groups of T-cell malignancies like T-cell acute lymphoblastic lymphoma (T-ALL), peripheral T-cell lymphoma (PTCL), extranodal NK/T-cell lymphoma (ENKTCL), and cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (CTCL). The review also briefly discusses major diagnostic miRNAs having prominent metabolic roles in these malignancies to highlight their importance among other dysregulated miRNAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepankar Mondal
- Department of Biotechnology, Guru Ghasidas Vishwavidyalaya, Bilaspur, Chhattisgarh, India
| | - Sapnita Shinde
- Department of Biotechnology, Guru Ghasidas Vishwavidyalaya, Bilaspur, Chhattisgarh, India
| | - Souvik Paul
- Department of Surgical Gastroenterology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Raipur, Chhattisgarh, India
| | - Suresh Thakur
- Centre for Excellence in Genomics, Trivitron Healthcare Pvt. Ltd., Chennai, India
| | - GSK Velu
- Centre for Excellence in Genomics, Trivitron Healthcare Pvt. Ltd., Chennai, India
| | - Atul Kumar Tiwari
- Department of Zoology, Dr. Bhawan Singh Porte Government College, Pendra, Chhattisgarh, India
| | - Vineeta Dixit
- Department of Botany, Sri Satguru Jagjit Singh Namdhari College, Gharwa, Jharkhand, India
| | - Ajay Amit
- Department of Forensic Sciences, Guru Ghasidas Vishwavidyalaya, Bilaspur, Chhattisgarh, India
| | | | - Dhananjay Shukla
- Department of Biotechnology, Guru Ghasidas Vishwavidyalaya, Bilaspur, Chhattisgarh, India
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3
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Lone W, Bouska A, Sharma S, Amador C, Saumyaranjan M, Herek TA, Heavican TB, Yu J, Lim ST, Ong CK, Slack GW, Savage KJ, Rosenwald A, Ott G, Cook JR, Feldman AL, Rimsza LM, McKeithan TW, Greiner TC, Weisenburger DD, Melle F, Motta G, Pileri S, Vose JM, Chan WC, Iqbal J. Genome-Wide miRNA Expression Profiling of Molecular Subgroups of Peripheral T-cell Lymphoma. Clin Cancer Res 2021; 27:6039-6053. [PMID: 34426436 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-21-0573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2021] [Revised: 05/15/2021] [Accepted: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Peripheral T-cell lymphoma (PTCL) is a heterogeneous group of non-Hodgkin lymphomas with aggressive clinical behavior. We performed comprehensive miRNA profiling in PTCLs and corresponding normal CD4+ Th1/2 and TFH-like polarized subsets to elucidate the role of miRNAs in T-cell lymphomagenesis. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN We used nCounter (NanoString Inc) for miRNA profiling and validated using Taqman qRT-PCR (Applied Biosystems, Inc). Normal CD4+ T cells were polarized into effector Th subsets using signature cytokines, and miRNA significance was revealed using functional experiments. RESULTS Effector Th subsets showed distinct miRNA expression with corresponding transcription factor expression (e.g., BCL6/miR-19b, -106, -30d, -26b, in IL21-polarized; GATA3/miR-155, miR-337 in Th2-polarized; and TBX21/miR-181a, -331-3p in Th1-polarized cells). Integration of miRNA signatures suggested activation of TCR and PI3K signaling in IL21-polarized cells, ERK signaling in Th1-polarized cells, and AKT-mTOR signaling in Th2-polarized cells, validated at protein level. In neoplastic counterparts, distinctive miRNAs were identified and confirmed in an independent cohort. Integrative miRNA-mRNA analysis identified a decrease in target transcript abundance leading to deregulation of sphingolipid and Wnt signaling and epigenetic dysregulation in angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma (AITL), while ERK, MAPK, and cell cycle were identified in PTCL subsets, and decreased target transcript abundance was validated in an independent cohort. Elevated expression of miRNAs (miR-126-3p, miR-145-5p) in AITL was associated with poor clinical outcome. In silico and experimental validation suggest two targets (miR-126→ SIPR2 and miR-145 → ROCK1) resulting in reduced RhoA-GTPase activity and T-B-cell interaction. CONCLUSIONS Unique miRNAs and deregulated oncogenic pathways are associated with PTCL subtypes. Upregulated miRNA-126-3p and miR-145-5p expression regulate RhoA-GTPase and inhibit T-cell migration, crucial for AITL pathobiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Waseem Lone
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska
| | - Alyssa Bouska
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska
| | - Sunandini Sharma
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska
| | - Catalina Amador
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska
| | - Mallick Saumyaranjan
- Institute of Pathology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Tyler A Herek
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska
| | - Tayla B Heavican
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Jiayu Yu
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska
| | - Soon Thye Lim
- Division of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Centre Singapore/Duke-National University of Singapore (NUS) Medical School, Singapore
| | - Choon Kiat Ong
- Division of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Centre Singapore/Duke-National University of Singapore (NUS) Medical School, Singapore
| | - Graham W Slack
- Center for Lymphoid Cancer, British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Kerry J Savage
- Center for Lymphoid Cancer, British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Andreas Rosenwald
- Institute of Pathology, University of Würzburg and Comprehensive Cancer Center Mainfranken, Würzburg, Germany
| | - German Ott
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Robert-Bosch-Krankenhaus and Dr. Margarete Fischer-Bosch Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - James R Cook
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Andrew L Feldman
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Lisa M Rimsza
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, Arizona
| | - Timothy W McKeithan
- Department of Pathology, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, California
| | - Timothy C Greiner
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska
| | | | | | | | | | - Julie M Vose
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska
| | - Wing C Chan
- Department of Pathology, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, California
| | - Javeed Iqbal
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska.
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4
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Zhang P, Zhang M. Epigenetic alterations and advancement of treatment in peripheral T-cell lymphoma. Clin Epigenetics 2020; 12:169. [PMID: 33160401 PMCID: PMC7648940 DOI: 10.1186/s13148-020-00962-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2020] [Accepted: 10/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Peripheral T-cell lymphoma (PTCL) is a rare and heterogeneous group of clinically aggressive diseases associated with poor prognosis. Except for ALK + anaplastic large-cell lymphoma (ALCL), most peripheral T-cell lymphomas are highly malignant and have an aggressive disease course and poor clinical outcomes, with a poor remission rate and frequent relapse after first-line treatment. Aberrant epigenetic alterations play an important role in the pathogenesis and development of specific types of peripheral T-cell lymphoma, including the regulation of the expression of genes and signal transduction. The most common epigenetic alterations are DNA methylation and histone modification. Histone modification alters the level of gene expression by regulating the acetylation status of lysine residues on the promoter surrounding histones, often leading to the silencing of tumour suppressor genes or the overexpression of proto-oncogenes in lymphoma. DNA methylation refers to CpG islands, generally leading to tumour suppressor gene transcriptional silencing. Genetic studies have also shown that some recurrent mutations in genes involved in the epigenetic machinery, including TET2, IDH2-R172, DNMT3A, RHOA, CD28, IDH2, TET2, MLL2, KMT2A, KDM6A, CREBBP, and EP300, have been observed in cases of PTCL. The aberrant expression of miRNAs has also gradually become a diagnostic biomarker. These provide a reasonable molecular mechanism for epigenetic modifying drugs in the treatment of PTCL. As epigenetic drugs implicated in lymphoma have been continually reported in recent years, many new ideas for the diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of PTCL originate from epigenetics in recent years. Novel epigenetic-targeted drugs have shown good tolerance and therapeutic effects in the treatment of peripheral T-cell lymphoma as monotherapy or combination therapy. NCCN Clinical Practice Guidelines also recommended epigenetic drugs for PTCL subtypes as second-line therapy. Epigenetic mechanisms provide new directions and therapeutic strategies for the research and treatment of peripheral T-cell lymphoma. Therefore, this paper mainly reviews the epigenetic changes in the pathogenesis of peripheral T-cell lymphoma and the advancement of epigenetic-targeted drugs in the treatment of peripheral T-cell lymphoma (PTCL).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Zhang
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou City, 450052, Henan Province, China.,Academy of Medical Sciences of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou City, 450052, Henan Province, China
| | - Mingzhi Zhang
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou City, 450052, Henan Province, China. .,Academy of Medical Sciences of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou City, 450052, Henan Province, China.
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5
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Deregulation of miRNAs-cMYC circuits is a key event in refractory celiac disease type-2 lymphomagenesis. Clin Sci (Lond) 2020; 134:1151-1166. [PMID: 32420596 DOI: 10.1042/cs20200032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2020] [Revised: 05/14/2020] [Accepted: 05/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
A percentage of celiac disease (CD) patients develop refractory type-2 disease (RCD2), a condition associated with increased risk of enteropathy-associated T-cell-lymphoma (EATL) and without therapeutic option. Therefore, we profiled the miRNome in series of peripheral T-cell lymphomas (PTCLs), CD, RCD1 or 2 and in the murine interleukin-15 (IL15)-transgenic (TG) model of RCD. The transcriptome was analyzed in 18 intestinal T-cell lymphomas (ITLs). Bioinformatics pipelines provided significant microRNA (miRNA) lists and predicted targets that were confirmed in a second set of patients. Our data show that ITLs have a unique miRNA profile with respect to other PTCLs. The c-MYC regulated miR-17/92 cluster distinguishes monomorphic epitheliotropic ITL (MEITL) from EATL and prognosticates EATL outcome. These miRNAs are decreased in IL15-TG mice upon Janus kinase (JAK) inhibition. The random forest algorithm identified a signature of 38 classifier miRNAs, among which, the miR-200 and miR-192/215 families were progressively lost in RCD2 and ITL-CD, whereas miR-17/92 and C19MC miRNAs were up-regulated. Accordingly, SMAD3, MDM2, c-Myc and activated-STAT3 were increased in RCD2 and EATL tissues while JAK inhibition in IL15-TG mice restored their levels to baseline. Our data suggest that miRNAs circuit supports activation of STAT3 and c-Myc oncogenic signaling in RCD2, thus contributing to lymphomagenesis. This novel understanding might pave the way to personalized medicine approaches for RCD and EATL.
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6
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Maurer B, Nivarthi H, Wingelhofer B, Pham HTT, Schlederer M, Suske T, Grausenburger R, Schiefer AI, Prchal-Murphy M, Chen D, Winkler S, Merkel O, Kornauth C, Hofbauer M, Hochgatterer B, Hoermann G, Hoelbl-Kovacic A, Prochazkova J, Lobello C, Cumaraswamy AA, Latzka J, Kitzwögerer M, Chott A, Janikova A, Pospíšilova Š, Loizou JI, Kubicek S, Valent P, Kolbe T, Grebien F, Kenner L, Gunning PT, Kralovics R, Herling M, Müller M, Rülicke T, Sexl V, Moriggl R. High activation of STAT5A drives peripheral T-cell lymphoma and leukemia. Haematologica 2020; 105:435-447. [PMID: 31123029 PMCID: PMC7012494 DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2019.216986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2019] [Accepted: 05/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Recurrent gain-of-function mutations in the transcription factors STAT5A and much more in STAT5B were found in hematopoietic malignancies with the highest proportion in mature T- and natural killer-cell neoplasms (peripheral T-cell lymphoma, PTCL). No targeted therapy exists for these heterogeneous and often aggressive diseases. Given the shortage of models for PTCL, we mimicked graded STAT5A or STAT5B activity by expressing hyperactive Stat5a or STAT5B variants at low or high levels in the hematopoietic system of transgenic mice. Only mice with high activity levels developed a lethal disease resembling human PTCL. Neoplasia displayed massive expansion of CD8+ T cells and destructive organ infiltration. T cells were cytokine-hypersensitive with activated memory CD8+ T-lymphocyte characteristics. Histopathology and mRNA expression profiles revealed close correlation with distinct subtypes of PTCL. Pronounced STAT5 expression and activity in samples from patients with different subsets underline the relevance of JAK/STAT as a therapeutic target. JAK inhibitors or a selective STAT5 SH2 domain inhibitor induced cell death and ruxolitinib blocked T-cell neoplasia in vivo. We conclude that enhanced STAT5A or STAT5B action both drive PTCL development, defining both STAT5 molecules as targets for therapeutic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Maurer
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Cancer Research, Vienna, Austria.,Institute of Animal Breeding and Genetics, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Vienna, Austria.,Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Harini Nivarthi
- CeMM Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - Bettina Wingelhofer
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Cancer Research, Vienna, Austria.,Institute of Animal Breeding and Genetics, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Ha Thi Thanh Pham
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Cancer Research, Vienna, Austria.,Institute of Animal Breeding and Genetics, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Michaela Schlederer
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Cancer Research, Vienna, Austria.,Department of Clinical Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Tobias Suske
- Institute of Animal Breeding and Genetics, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Reinhard Grausenburger
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Ana-Iris Schiefer
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Michaela Prchal-Murphy
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Doris Chen
- CeMM Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - Susanne Winkler
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Cancer Research, Vienna, Austria
| | - Olaf Merkel
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Christoph Kornauth
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | | | | | - Gregor Hoermann
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Andrea Hoelbl-Kovacic
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Jana Prochazkova
- CeMM Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - Cosimo Lobello
- Central European Institute of Technology (CEITEC), Center of Molecular Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Abbarna A Cumaraswamy
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto Mississauga, Mississauga, Ontario, Canada
| | - Johanna Latzka
- Karl Landsteiner Institute of Dermatological Research, St. Poelten, Austria and Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Karl Landsteiner University for Health Sciences, St. Poelten, Austria
| | - Melitta Kitzwögerer
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Karl Landsteiner University of Health Sciences, St. Poelten, Austria
| | - Andreas Chott
- Institute of Pathology and Microbiology, Wilheminenspital, Vienna, Austria
| | - Andrea Janikova
- Department of Internal Medicine - Hematology and Oncology, Faculty of Medicine Masaryk University and University Hospital Brno, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Šárka Pospíšilova
- Central European Institute of Technology (CEITEC), Center of Molecular Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic.,Department of Internal Medicine - Hematology and Oncology, Faculty of Medicine Masaryk University and University Hospital Brno, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Joanna I Loizou
- CeMM Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - Stefan Kubicek
- CeMM Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - Peter Valent
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Division of Hematology and Hemostaseology and Ludwig Boltzmann Cluster Oncology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Thomas Kolbe
- Biomodels Austria, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Vienna, Austria.,IFA-Tulln, University of Natural Resources and Applied Life Sciences, Tulln, Austria
| | - Florian Grebien
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Cancer Research, Vienna, Austria.,Institute of Medical Biochemistry, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Lukas Kenner
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Cancer Research, Vienna, Austria.,Department of Clinical Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.,Unit of Laboratory Animal Pathology, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Patrick T Gunning
- Central European Institute of Technology (CEITEC), Center of Molecular Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Robert Kralovics
- CeMM Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - Marco Herling
- Department I of Internal Medicine, Center for Integrated Oncology (CIO) Köln-Bonn, Excellence Cluster for Cellular Stress Response and Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Mathias Müller
- Institute of Animal Breeding and Genetics, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Thomas Rülicke
- Institute of Laboratory Animal Science, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Veronika Sexl
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Richard Moriggl
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Cancer Research, Vienna, Austria .,Institute of Animal Breeding and Genetics, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Vienna, Austria.,Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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7
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Whole exome sequencing reveals mutations in FAT1 tumor suppressor gene clinically impacting on peripheral T-cell lymphoma not otherwise specified. Mod Pathol 2020; 33:179-187. [PMID: 31028364 PMCID: PMC6994417 DOI: 10.1038/s41379-019-0279-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2019] [Revised: 03/22/2019] [Accepted: 03/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Peripheral T-cell lymphoma not otherwise specified represents a diagnostic category comprising clinically, histologically, and molecularly heterogeneous neoplasms that are poorly understood. The genetic landscape of peripheral T-cell lymphoma not otherwise specified remains largely undefined, only a few sequencing studies having been conducted so far. In order to improve our understanding of the genetics of this neoplasm, we performed whole exome sequencing along with RNA-sequencing in a discovery set of 21 cases. According to whole exome sequencing results and mutations previously reported in other peripheral T-cell lymphomas, 137 genes were sequenced by a targeted deep approach in 71 tumor samples. In addition to epigenetic modifiers implicated in all subtypes of T-cell neoplasm (TET2, DNMT3A, KMT2D, KMT2C, SETD2), recurrent mutations of the FAT1 tumor suppressor gene were for the first time recorded in 39% of cases. Mutations of the tumor suppressor genes LATS1, STK3, ATM, TP53, and TP63 were also observed, although at a lower frequency. Patients with FAT1 mutations showed inferior overall survival compared to those with wild-type FAT1. Although peripheral T-cell lymphoma not otherwise specified remains a broad category also on molecular grounds, the present study highlights that FAT1 mutations occur in a significant proportion of cases, being provided with both pathogenetic and prognostic impact.
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8
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Etebari M, Navari M, Agostinelli C, Visani A, Peron C, Iqbal J, Inghirami G, Piccaluga PP. Transcriptional Analysis of Lennert Lymphoma Reveals a Unique Profile and Identifies Novel Therapeutic Targets. Front Genet 2019; 10:780. [PMID: 31552092 PMCID: PMC6748072 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2019.00780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2019] [Accepted: 07/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Lennert lymphoma (LL) is a lymphoepithelioid morphological variant of peripheral T-cell lymphoma-not otherwise specified (PTCL/NOS), clinically characterized by better prognosis if compared with other PTCL/NOS. Although well characterized as far as morphology and phenotype are concerned, very little is known regarding its molecular features. In this study, we investigated the transcriptional profile of this tumor aiming 1) to identify its cellular counterparts; 2) to better define its relation with other PTCLs-and, therefore, its possible position in lymphoma classification; and 3) to define pathogenetic mechanisms, possibly unveiling novel therapeutic targets. To address these issues, we performed gene and microRNA expression profiling on LL and other PTCL/NOS cases; we identified different genes and microRNAs that discriminated LL from other PTCL/NOS. Particularly, LL revealed a molecular signature significantly enriched in helper function and clearly distinguishable from other PTCL/NOS. Furthermore, PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway emerged as novel potential therapeutic target. In conclusion, based on the already known particular morphological and clinical features, the new molecular findings support the hypothesis that LL might be classified as a separate entity. Preclinical and clinical studies testing the efficacy of PI3K/MTOR inhibitors in this setting are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Etebari
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic, and Specialty Medicine, Bologna University Medical School, Bologna, Italy.,Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Paramedical Sciences, Torbat Heydariyeh University of Medical Sciences, Torbat Heydariyeh, Iran.,Research Center of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Torbat Heydariyeh University of Medical Sciences, Torbat Heydariyeh, Iran
| | - Mohsen Navari
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Paramedical Sciences, Torbat Heydariyeh University of Medical Sciences, Torbat Heydariyeh, Iran.,Research Center of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Torbat Heydariyeh University of Medical Sciences, Torbat Heydariyeh, Iran.,Bioinformatics Research Group, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Claudio Agostinelli
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic, and Specialty Medicine, Bologna University Medical School, Bologna, Italy
| | - Axel Visani
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic, and Specialty Medicine, Bologna University Medical School, Bologna, Italy
| | - Cristiano Peron
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic, and Specialty Medicine, Bologna University Medical School, Bologna, Italy
| | - Javeed Iqbal
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, United States
| | - Giorgio Inghirami
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, United States
| | - Pier Paolo Piccaluga
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic, and Specialty Medicine, Bologna University Medical School, Bologna, Italy.,Department of Biomolecular Strategies, Genetics, Avant-Garde Therapies and Neurosciences (SBGN), Euro-Mediterranean Institute of Science and Technology (IEMEST), Palermo, Italy.,School of Health, Department of Pathology, Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology, Nairobi, Kenya
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9
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Iqbal J, Amador C, McKeithan TW, Chan WC. Molecular and Genomic Landscape of Peripheral T-Cell Lymphoma. Cancer Treat Res 2019; 176:31-68. [PMID: 30596212 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-99716-2_2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Peripheral T-cell lymphoma (PTCL) is an uncommon group of lymphoma covering a diverse spectrum of entities. Little was known regarding the molecular and genomic landscapes of these diseases until recently but the knowledge is still quite spotty with many rarer types of PTCL remain largely unexplored. In this chapter, the recent findings from gene expression profiling (GEP) studies, including profiling data on microRNA, where available, will be presented with emphasis on the implication on molecular diagnosis, prognostication, and the identification of new entities (PTCL-GATA3 and PTCL-TBX21) in the PTCL-NOS group. Recent studies using next-generation sequencing have unraveled the mutational landscape in a number of PTCL entities leading to a marked improvement in the understanding of their pathogenesis and biology. While many mutations are shared among PTCL entities, the frequency varies and certain mutations are quite unique to a specific entity. For example, TET2 is often mutated but this is particularly frequent (70-80%) in angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma (AITL) and IDH2 R172 mutations appear to be unique for AITL. In general, chromatin modifiers and molecular components in the CD28/T-cell receptor signaling pathways are frequently mutated. The major findings will be summarized in this chapter correlating with GEP data and clinical features where appropriate. The mutational landscape of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma, specifically on mycosis fungoides and Sezary syndrome, will also be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javeed Iqbal
- Pathology and Microbiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, US
| | - Catalina Amador
- Pathology and Microbiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, US
| | - Timothy W McKeithan
- Department of Pathology, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA, USA
| | - Wing C Chan
- Department of Pathology, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA, USA.
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10
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Siaghani PJ, Wong JT, Chan J, Weisenburger DD, Song JY. Epidemiology and Pathology of T- and NK-Cell Lymphomas. Cancer Treat Res 2019; 176:1-29. [PMID: 30596211 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-99716-2_1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE This review will describe and update readers on the recent changes in the 2017 WHO classification regarding peripheral T-cell lymphomas. RECENT FINDINGS Signficant advances in molecular studies have resulted in revisions to the classification as well as introduction to provisional entities such as breast implant-associated ALCL and nodal PTCL with T-follicular helper phenotype. SUMMARY Major advances in molecular and gene expression profiling has expanded our knowledge of these rare and aggressive diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parwiz J Siaghani
- Department of Pathology, City of Hope National Medical Center, 1500 East Duarte Road, Duarte, CA, 91010, USA
| | - Jerry T Wong
- Department of Pathology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - John Chan
- Department of Pathology, City of Hope National Medical Center, 1500 East Duarte Road, Duarte, CA, 91010, USA
| | - Dennis D Weisenburger
- Department of Pathology, City of Hope National Medical Center, 1500 East Duarte Road, Duarte, CA, 91010, USA
| | - Joo Y Song
- Department of Pathology, City of Hope National Medical Center, 1500 East Duarte Road, Duarte, CA, 91010, USA.
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11
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Di Marco M, Ramassone A, Pagotto S, Anastasiadou E, Veronese A, Visone R. MicroRNAs in Autoimmunity and Hematological Malignancies. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19103139. [PMID: 30322050 PMCID: PMC6213554 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19103139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2018] [Accepted: 10/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Autoimmunity and hematological malignancies are often concomitant in patients. A causal bidirectional relationship exists between them. Loss of immunological tolerance with inappropriate activation of the immune system, likely due to environmental and genetic factors, can represent a breeding ground for the appearance of cancer cells and, on the other hand, blood cancers are characterized by imbalanced immune cell subsets that could support the development of the autoimmune clone. Considerable effort has been made for understanding the proteins that have a relevant role in both processes; however, literature advances demonstrate that microRNAs (miRNAs) surface as the epigenetic regulators of those proteins and control networks linked to both autoimmunity and hematological malignancies. Here we review the most up-to-date findings regarding the miRNA-based molecular mechanisms that underpin autoimmunity and hematological malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirco Di Marco
- Ageing Research Center and Translational medicine-CeSI-MeT, 66100 Chieti, Italy.
- Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences (DSMOB), "G. d'Annunzio" University Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy.
| | - Alice Ramassone
- Ageing Research Center and Translational medicine-CeSI-MeT, 66100 Chieti, Italy.
- Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences (DSMOB), "G. d'Annunzio" University Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy.
| | - Sara Pagotto
- Ageing Research Center and Translational medicine-CeSI-MeT, 66100 Chieti, Italy.
- Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences (DSMOB), "G. d'Annunzio" University Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy.
| | - Eleni Anastasiadou
- Harvard Medical School Initiative for RNA Medicine, Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA.
| | - Angelo Veronese
- Ageing Research Center and Translational medicine-CeSI-MeT, 66100 Chieti, Italy.
- Department of Medicine and Aging Science (DMSI), "G. d'Annunzio" University Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy.
| | - Rosa Visone
- Ageing Research Center and Translational medicine-CeSI-MeT, 66100 Chieti, Italy.
- Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences (DSMOB), "G. d'Annunzio" University Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy.
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12
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Siaghani PJ, Song JY. Updates of Peripheral T Cell Lymphomas Based on the 2017 WHO Classification. Curr Hematol Malig Rep 2018; 13:25-36. [DOI: 10.1007/s11899-018-0429-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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13
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Ambrosio MR, Mundo L, Gazaneo S, Picciolini M, Vara PS, Sayed S, Ginori A, Lo Bello G, Del Porro L, Navari M, Ascani S, Yonis A, Leoncini L, Piccaluga PP, Lazzi S. MicroRNAs sequencing unveils distinct molecular subgroups of plasmablastic lymphoma. Oncotarget 2017; 8:107356-107373. [PMID: 29296171 PMCID: PMC5746073 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.22219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2017] [Accepted: 09/08/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Plasmablastic lymphoma (PBL) is an aggressive lymphoma, often arising in the context of immunodeficiency and associated with Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection. The most frequently detected genetic alteration is the deregulation of MYC gene through the translocation - t(8;14)(q24;q32). The diagnosis of PBL is often challenging because it has an overlap in morphology, immunophenotype, cytogenetics and virus association with other lymphomas and plasma cell neoplasms; further, its molecular basis remains elusive. In the present study we aimed to better define the possible contribution of EBV infection as well as miRNA deregulation in PBL pathogenesis. We studied 23 cases of PBL, 19 Burkitt lymphomas (BL), and 17 extra-medullary plasmacytoma (EMPC). We used qPCR and immunohistochemistry to assess EBV latency patterns, while micro-RNA (miRNA) profiling was performed by next generation sequencing (Illumina) and validated by qPCR. Our analysis revealed a non-canonical EBV latency program with the partial expression of some proteins characterizing latency II and the activation of an abortive lytic cycle. Moreover, we identified miRNA signatures discriminating PBL from BL and EMPC. Interestingly, based on the miRNA profile, PBL appeared constituted by two discrete subgroups more similar to either BL or EMPC, respectively. This pattern was confirmed in an independent set of cases studied by qPCR and corresponded to different clinico-pathological features in the two groups, including HIV infection, MYC rearrangement and disease localization. In conclusion, we uncovered for the first time 1) an atypical EBV latency program in PBL; 2) a miRNA signature distinguishing PBL from the closest malignant counterparts; 3) the molecular basis of PBL heterogeneity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Lucia Mundo
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Section of Pathology, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Sara Gazaneo
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Section of Pathology, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | | | | | | | - Alessandro Ginori
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Section of Pathology, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
- Pathology Unit, Ospedale Civico di Carrara, Carrara, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Lo Bello
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Section of Pathology, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Leonardo Del Porro
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Section of Pathology, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Mohsen Navari
- Research Center of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Torbat Heydariyeh University of Medical Sciences, Torbat Heydariyeh, Iran
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic, and Experimental Medicine, Bologna University School of Medicine, Bologna, Italy
- Euro-Mediterranean Institute of Science and Technology (IEMEST), Palermo, Italy
| | - Stefano Ascani
- Section of Pathology, Azienda Ospedaliera S. Maria di Terni, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | | | - Lorenzo Leoncini
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Section of Pathology, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Pier Paolo Piccaluga
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic, and Experimental Medicine, Bologna University School of Medicine, Bologna, Italy
- Euro-Mediterranean Institute of Science and Technology (IEMEST), Palermo, Italy
| | - Stefano Lazzi
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Section of Pathology, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
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14
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Orlova A, Wingelhofer B, Neubauer HA, Maurer B, Berger-Becvar A, Keserű GM, Gunning PT, Valent P, Moriggl R. Emerging therapeutic targets in myeloproliferative neoplasms and peripheral T-cell leukemia and lymphomas. Expert Opin Ther Targets 2017; 22:45-57. [PMID: 29148847 PMCID: PMC5743003 DOI: 10.1080/14728222.2018.1406924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: Hematopoietic neoplasms are often driven by gain-of-function mutations of the JAK-STAT pathway together with mutations in chromatin remodeling and DNA damage control pathways. The interconnection between the JAK-STAT pathway, epigenetic regulation or DNA damage control is still poorly understood in cancer cell biology. Areas covered: Here, we focus on a broader description of mutational insights into myeloproliferative neoplasms and peripheral T-cell leukemia and lymphomas, since sequencing efforts have identified similar combinations of driver mutations in these diseases covering different lineages. We summarize how these pathways might be interconnected in normal or cancer cells, which have lost differentiation capacity and drive oncogene transcription. Expert opinion: Due to similarities in driver mutations including epigenetic enzymes, JAK-STAT pathway activation and mutated checkpoint control through TP53, we hypothesize that similar therapeutic approaches could be of benefit in these diseases. We give an overview of how driver mutations in these malignancies contribute to hematopoietic cancer initiation or progression, and how these pathways can be targeted with currently available tools.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Orlova
- a Institute of Animal Breeding and Genetics , University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna , Vienna , Austria.,b Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Cancer Research , Vienna , Austria
| | - Bettina Wingelhofer
- a Institute of Animal Breeding and Genetics , University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna , Vienna , Austria.,b Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Cancer Research , Vienna , Austria
| | - Heidi A Neubauer
- a Institute of Animal Breeding and Genetics , University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna , Vienna , Austria.,b Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Cancer Research , Vienna , Austria
| | - Barbara Maurer
- c Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology , University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna , Vienna , Austria
| | - Angelika Berger-Becvar
- g Department of Chemical & Physical Sciences , University of Toronto Mississauga , Mississauga , Canada.,h Department of Chemistry , University of Toronto , Toronto , Canada
| | - György Miklós Keserű
- d Medicinal Chemistry Research Group, Research Centre for Natural Sciences , Hungarian Academy of Sciences , Budapest , Hungary
| | - Patrick T Gunning
- g Department of Chemical & Physical Sciences , University of Toronto Mississauga , Mississauga , Canada.,h Department of Chemistry , University of Toronto , Toronto , Canada
| | - Peter Valent
- e Department of Internal Medicine I, Division of Hematology and Hemostaseology , Medical University of Vienna , Vienna , Austria.,f Ludwig Boltzmann-Cluster Oncology , Medical University of Vienna , Vienna , Austria
| | - Richard Moriggl
- a Institute of Animal Breeding and Genetics , University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna , Vienna , Austria.,b Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Cancer Research , Vienna , Austria.,i Medical University Vienna , Vienna , Austria
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15
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Abstract
Anaplastic Large Cell Lymphoma (ALCL) is a clinical and biological heterogeneous disease including systemic ALK positive and ALK negative entities. Whereas ALK positive ALCLs are molecularly characterized and readily diagnosed, specific immunophenotypic or genetic features to define ALK negative ALCL are missing, and their distinction from other T-cell non-Hodgkin lymphomas (T-NHLs) can be controversial. In recent years, great advances have been made in dissecting the heterogeneity of ALK negative ALCLs and in providing new diagnostic and treatment options for these patients. A new revision of the World Health Organization (WHO) classification promoted ALK negative ALCL to a definite entity that includes cytogenetic subsets with prognostic implications. However, a further understanding of the genetic landscape of ALK negative ALCL is required to dictate more effective therapeutic strategies specifically tailored for each subgroup of patients.
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16
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Hoareau-Aveilla C, Meggetto F. Crosstalk between microRNA and DNA Methylation Offers Potential Biomarkers and Targeted Therapies in ALK-Positive Lymphomas. Cancers (Basel) 2017; 9:cancers9080100. [PMID: 28771164 PMCID: PMC5575603 DOI: 10.3390/cancers9080100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2017] [Revised: 07/04/2017] [Accepted: 07/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The discovery of microRNA (miRNA) has provided new and powerful tools for studying the mechanism, diagnosis and treatment of human cancers. The down-regulation of tumor suppressive miRNA by hypermethylation of CpG island (CpG is shorthand for 5′-C-phosphate-G-3′, that is, cytosine and guanine separated by only one phosphate) is emerging as a common hallmark of cancer and appears to be involved in drug resistance. This review discusses the role of miRNA and DNA methylation in drug resistance mechanisms and highlights their potential as anti-cancer therapies in Anaplastic Lymphoma Kinase (ALK)-positive lymphomas. These are a sub-type of non-Hodgkin’s lymphomas that predominantly affect children and young adults and are characterized by the expression of the nucleophosmin (NPM)/ALK chimeric oncoprotein. Dysregulation of miRNA expression and regulation has been shown to affect several signaling pathways in ALK carcinogenesis and control tumor growth, both in cell lines and mouse models. These data suggest that the modulation of DNA methylation and/or the expression of these miRNA could serve as new biomarkers and have potential therapeutic applications for ALK-positive malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Coralie Hoareau-Aveilla
- Inserm, UMR1037 CRCT, F-31000 Toulouse, France.
- Université Toulouse III-Paul Sabatier, UMR1037 CRCT, F-31000 Toulouse, France.
- CNRS, ERL5294 CRCT, F-31000 Toulouse, France.
- Laboratoire d'Excellence Toulouse Cancer-TOUCAN, F-31024 Toulouse, France.
| | - Fabienne Meggetto
- Inserm, UMR1037 CRCT, F-31000 Toulouse, France.
- Université Toulouse III-Paul Sabatier, UMR1037 CRCT, F-31000 Toulouse, France.
- CNRS, ERL5294 CRCT, F-31000 Toulouse, France.
- Laboratoire d'Excellence Toulouse Cancer-TOUCAN, F-31024 Toulouse, France.
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17
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Kuppers DA, Schmitt TM, Hwang HC, Samraj L, Clurman BE, Fero ML. The miR-106a~363 Xpcl1 miRNA cluster induces murine T cell lymphoma despite transcriptional activation of the p27 Kip1 cell cycle inhibitor. Oncotarget 2017; 8:50680-50691. [PMID: 28881594 PMCID: PMC5584189 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.16932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2016] [Accepted: 03/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The miR-106a~363 cluster encodes 6 miRNAs on the X-chromosome which are abundant in blood cells and overexpressed in a variety of malignancies. The constituent miRNA of miR-106a~363 have functional activities in vitro that are predicted to be both oncogenic and tumor suppressive, yet little is known about their physiological functions in vivo. Mature miR-106a~363 (Mirc2) miRNAs are processed from an intragenic, non-protein encoding gene referred to as Xpcl1 (or Kis2), situated at an X-chromosomal locus frequently targeted by retroviruses in murine lymphomas. The oncogenic potential of miR-106a~363 Xpcl1 has not been proven, nor its potential role in T cell development. We show that miR106a~363 levels normally drop at the CD4+/CD8+ double positive (DP) stage of thymocyte development. Forced expression of Xpcl1 at this stage impairs thymocyte maturation and induces T-cell lymphomas. Surprisingly, miR-106a~363 Xpcl1 also induces p27 transcription via Foxo3/4 transcription factors. As a haploinsufficient tumor suppressor, elevated p27 is expected to inhibit lymphomagenesis. Consistent with this, concurrent p27 Kip1 deletion dramatically accelerated lymphomagenesis, indicating that p27 is rate limiting for tumor development by Xpcl1. Whereas down-regulation of miR-106a~363 is important for normal T cell differentiation and for the prevention of lymphomas, eliminating p27 reveals Xpcl1's full oncogenic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Bruce E. Clurman
- Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, USA
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18
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Laginestra MA, Tripodo C, Agostinelli C, Motta G, Hartmann S, Döring C, Rossi M, Melle F, Sapienza MR, Tabanelli V, Pileri A, Fuligni F, Gazzola A, Mannu C, Sagramoso CA, Lonardi S, Lorenzi L, Bacci F, Sabattini E, Borges A, Simonitsch-Klupp I, Cabecadas J, Campo E, Rosai J, Hansmann ML, Facchetti F, Pileri SA. Distinctive Histogenesis and Immunological Microenvironment Based on Transcriptional Profiles of Follicular Dendritic Cell Sarcomas. Mol Cancer Res 2017; 15:541-552. [DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.mcr-16-0301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2016] [Revised: 12/02/2016] [Accepted: 12/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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19
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Biology of peripheral T cell lymphomas – Not otherwise specified: Is something finally happening? ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pathog.2016.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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20
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RNA Bioinformatics for Precision Medicine. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2016; 939:21-38. [DOI: 10.1007/978-981-10-1503-8_2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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21
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Gruszka AM, Rabascio C, Cannella L, Sammassimo S, Andreola G, Gregato G, Faretta M, Calleri A, De Molfetta R, Pruneri G, Bertolini F, Alcalay M. Molecular investigation of coexistent chronic myeloid leukaemia and peripheral T-cell lymphoma - a case report. Sci Rep 2015; 5:14829. [PMID: 26439403 PMCID: PMC4594041 DOI: 10.1038/srep14829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2015] [Accepted: 09/04/2015] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is a myeloproliferative neoplasm underlain by the formation of BCR-ABL1 – an aberrant tyrosine kinase – in the leukaemic blasts. Long-term survival rates in CML prior to the advent of tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) were dismal, albeit the incidence of secondary malignancies was higher than that of age-matched population. Current figures confirm the safety of TKIs with conflicting data concerning the increased risk of secondary tumours. We postulate that care has to be taken when distinguishing between coexisting, secondary-to-treatment and second in sequence, but independent tumourigenic events, in order to achieve an unbiased picture of the adverse effects of novel treatments. To illustrate this point, we present a case of a patient in which CML and peripheral T-cell lymphoma (PTCL) coexisted, although the clinical presentation of the latter followed the achievement of major molecular response of CML to TKIs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alicja M Gruszka
- Department of Experimental Oncology European Institute of Oncology, Milan, Italy
| | - Cristina Rabascio
- Laboratory of Hematology-Oncology, European Institute of Oncology, Milan, Italy
| | - Laura Cannella
- Division of Hemato-oncology European Institute of Oncology, Milan, Italy
| | - Simona Sammassimo
- Division of Hemato-oncology European Institute of Oncology, Milan, Italy
| | - Giovanna Andreola
- Division of Hemato-oncology European Institute of Oncology, Milan, Italy
| | - Giuliana Gregato
- Laboratory of Hematology-Oncology, European Institute of Oncology, Milan, Italy
| | - Mario Faretta
- Department of Experimental Oncology European Institute of Oncology, Milan, Italy
| | - Angelica Calleri
- Laboratory of Hematology-Oncology, European Institute of Oncology, Milan, Italy
| | - Rita De Molfetta
- Department of Experimental Oncology European Institute of Oncology, Milan, Italy
| | - Giancarlo Pruneri
- Division of Pathology, European Institute of Oncology, Milan, Italy.,Universita' degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesco Bertolini
- Laboratory of Hematology-Oncology, European Institute of Oncology, Milan, Italy
| | - Myriam Alcalay
- Department of Experimental Oncology European Institute of Oncology, Milan, Italy.,Universita' degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
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22
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Inghirami G, Chan WC, Pileri S. Peripheral T-cell and NK cell lymphoproliferative disorders: cell of origin, clinical and pathological implications. Immunol Rev 2015; 263:124-59. [PMID: 25510275 DOI: 10.1111/imr.12248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
T-cell lymphoproliferative disorders are a heterogeneous group of neoplasms with distinct clinical-biological properties. The normal cellular counterpart of these processes has been postulated based on functional and immunophenotypic analyses. However, T lymphocytes have been proven to be remarkably capable of modulating their properties, adapting their function in relationship with multiple stimuli and to the microenvironment. This impressive plasticity is determined by the equilibrium among a pool of transcription factors and by DNA chromatin regulators. It is now proven that the acquisition of specific genomic defects leads to the enforcement/activation of distinct pathways, which ultimately alter the preferential activation of defined regulators, forcing the neoplastic cells to acquire features and phenotypes distant from their original fate. Thus, dissecting the landscape of the genetic defects and their functional consequences in T-cell neoplasms is critical not only to pinpoint the origin of these tumors but also to define innovative mechanisms to re-adjust an unbalanced state to which the tumor cells have become addicted and make them vulnerable to therapies and targetable by the immune system. In our review, we briefly describe the pathological and clinical aspects of the T-cell lymphoma subtypes as well as NK-cell lymphomas and then focus on the current understanding of their pathogenesis and the implications on diagnosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giorgio Inghirami
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Science and Center for Experimental Research and Medical Studies (CeRMS), University of Torino, Torino, Italy; Department of Pathology, and NYU Cancer Center, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
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23
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Faruq O, Vecchione A. microRNA: Diagnostic Perspective. Front Med (Lausanne) 2015; 2:51. [PMID: 26284247 PMCID: PMC4523054 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2015.00051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2015] [Accepted: 07/17/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Biomarkers are biological measures of a biological state. An ideal marker should be safe and easy to measure, cost efficient, modifiable with treatment, and consistent across gender and ethnic groups. To date, none of the available biomarkers satisfy all of these criteria. In addition, the major limitations of these markers are low specificity, sensitivity, and false positive results. Recently identified, microRNAs (miRNAs) are endogenous, evolutionarily conserved small non-coding RNA (about 22–25 nt long), also known as micro-coordinators of gene expression, which have been shown to be an effective tools to study the biology of diseases and to have great potential as novel diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers with high specificity and sensitivity. In fact, it has been demonstrated that miRNAs play a pivotal role in the regulation of a wide range of developmental and physiological processes and their deficiencies have been related to a number of disease. In addition, miRNAs are stable and can be easily isolated and measured from tissues and body fluids. In this review, we provide a perspective on emerging concepts and potential usefulness of miRNAs as diagnostic markers, emphasizing the involvement of specific miRNAs in particular tumor types, subtypes, cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, infectious diseases, and forensic test.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omar Faruq
- Division of Pathology, Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, Ospedale Santo Andrea, Sapienza University of Rome , Rome , Italy
| | - Andrea Vecchione
- Division of Pathology, Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, Ospedale Santo Andrea, Sapienza University of Rome , Rome , Italy
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24
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Navari M, Etebari M, De Falco G, Ambrosio MR, Gibellini D, Leoncini L, Piccaluga PP. The presence of Epstein-Barr virus significantly impacts the transcriptional profile in immunodeficiency-associated Burkitt lymphoma. Front Microbiol 2015; 6:556. [PMID: 26113842 PMCID: PMC4462103 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2015.00556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2015] [Accepted: 05/20/2015] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Burkitt lymphoma (BL) is an aggressive neoplasm derived from mature, antigen-experienced B-lymphocytes. Three clinical/epidemiological variants have been recognized, named sporadic, endemic and immunodeficiency-associated BL (ID-BL). Although they are listed within a unique entity in the current WHO Classification, recent evidence indicated genetic and transcriptional differences among the three sub-groups. Further, the presence of latently persisting Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) has been associated with specific features in endemic and sporadic cases. In this study, we explored for the first time whether EBV infection could be related with a specific molecular profile in immunodeficiency-associated cases. We studied 30 BL cases, including nine occurring in HIV-positive patients (5 EBV-positive and 4 EBV-negative) by gene and microRNA (miRNA) expression profiling. We found that ID-BL presented with different profiles based on EBV presence. Specifically, 252 genes were differentially expressed, some of them being involved in intracellular signaling and apoptosis regulation. Furthermore, 28 miRNAs including both EBV-encoded (N = 18) and cellular (N = 10) ones were differentially regulated. Of note, genes previously demonstrated to be targeted by such miRNA were consistently found among differentially expressed genes, indicating the relevant contribution of miRNA to the molecular profile of the examined cases. Grippingly, 17 out of the 252 differentially expressed genes turned out to be potentially targeted by both cellular and EBV-encoded miRNA, suggesting a complex interaction and not excluding a potential synergism. In conclusion, we documented transcriptional differences based on the presence of EBV in ID-BL, and suggested a complex interaction between cellular and viral molecules in the determination of the global molecular profile of the tumor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohsen Navari
- Hematopathology Section, Department of Experimental, Diagnostic, and Specialty Medicine, S. Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, Bologna University School of Medicine Bologna, Italy ; Department of Basic Sciences, Torbat Heydariyeh University of Medical Sciences Torbat Heydariyeh, Iran
| | - Maryam Etebari
- Hematopathology Section, Department of Experimental, Diagnostic, and Specialty Medicine, S. Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, Bologna University School of Medicine Bologna, Italy
| | - Giulia De Falco
- School of Biological and Chemical Sciences, Queen Mary University of London London, UK
| | - Maria R Ambrosio
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, University of Siena Siena, Italy
| | - Davide Gibellini
- Microbiology and Virology Unit, Department of Pathology and Diagnostic, University of Verona Verona, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Leoncini
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, University of Siena Siena, Italy
| | - Pier Paolo Piccaluga
- Hematopathology Section, Department of Experimental, Diagnostic, and Specialty Medicine, S. Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, Bologna University School of Medicine Bologna, Italy
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New developments in the pathology of malignant lymphoma: a review of the literature published from October 2014-December 2014. J Hematop 2015; 8:21-29. [PMID: 25798206 PMCID: PMC4357643 DOI: 10.1007/s12308-015-0240-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
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