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Boiocchi M, Carbone A, De Re V, Dolcetti R. Is the Epstein-Barr Virus Involved in Hodgkin's Disease? TUMORI JOURNAL 2018; 75:345-50. [PMID: 2554550 DOI: 10.1177/030089168907500409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
EBV genomes, in clonal episomal form, were detected in 7 out of 17 cases of Hodgkin's disease (HD) and in a single case of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma which occurred in a patient after therapeutic treatment for HD. The experimental data presented imply that a clonal cell population, harboring the EBV genome, must be present in EBV-positive HD. In light of this finding we are attempting to reconsider the abundant literature on this lymphoproliferative disorder, and suggest a reevaluation of the possibility that EBV could be etiologically involved in HD.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Boiocchi
- Division of Experimental Oncology 1, Aviano, Italy
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2
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Viel A, De Pascale L, Toffoli G, Tumiotto L, Miotto E, Boiocchi M. Frequent Occurrence of Ha-rasl Allelic Deletion in Human Ovarian Adenocarcinomas. TUMORI JOURNAL 2018; 77:16-20. [PMID: 1708177 DOI: 10.1177/030089169107700104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Fourteen human adenocarcinoma specimens were analyzed for somatic abnormalities affecting genes of the ras family. No amplification of the 3 ras genes was detected. Allelic deletion of the Ha-rasl gene (11p15.5) was found to be a very common abnormality in human ovarian adenocarcinomas (4 out of 7 informative cases). However, in these neoplasm deletion of a presumed normal Ha-rasl allele is not a contributory factor in strengthening the tumorigenic effect of a mutated allele. More probably, Ha-rasl allelic losses are markers of larger chromosomal deletions. Analyses at γ globin loci (11p15.5) and int-2 locus (11q13) provided evidence that the deletions may extend from Ha-rasl locus towards the centromere but never involve loss of the entire chromosome 11. These findings may suggest that a putative tumor suppressor gene closely linked to Ha-rasl in 11p15.5 is involved in ovarian cancerogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Viel
- Division of Experimental Oncology 1, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico, Aviano, Pordenone, Italy
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3
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Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Increasingly, studies of the relationship between common genetic variants and colorectal tumor risk are being proposed. To assess the evidence that any of these confers a risk, a systematic review and meta-analysis of published studies was undertaken. METHODS Fifty studies of the effect of common alleles of 13 genes on risk were identified. To clarify the impact of individual polymorphisms on risk, pooled analyses were performed. RESULTS Of the 50 studies identified, significant associations were seen in 16, but only 3 were reported in more than one study. Pooling studies, significant associations were only seen for 3 of the polymorphisms: adenomatosis polyposis coli (APC)-I1307K (odds ratio [OR] = 1.58, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.21-2.07); Harvey ras-1 variable number tandem repeat polymorphism (HRAS1-VNTR; OR = 2.50, 95% CI: 1.54-4.05); and methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR)(Val/Val) (OR = 0.76, 95% CI: 0.62-0.92). For tumor protein 53 (TP53), N-acetyl transferase 1 (NAT1), NAT2, glutathione-S transferase Mu (GSTM1), glutathione-S transferase Theta (GSTT1), and glutathione-S transferase Pi (GSTP1) polymorphisms, the best estimates are sufficient to exclude a 1.7-fold increase in risk of colorectal cancer. CONCLUSIONS APC-I1307K, HRAS1-VNTR, and MTHFR variants represent the strongest candidates for low penetrance susceptibility alleles identified to date. Although their genotypic risks are modest, their high frequency in the population implies that they may well have considerable impact on colorectal cancer incidence. Determining precise risk estimates associated with other variants and gene-gene and gene-environment interactions will be contingent on further studies with sample sizes larger than typically used to date.
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Affiliation(s)
- R S Houlston
- Section of Cancer Genetics, Institute of Cancer Research, 15 Cotswold Road, Sutton, Surrey SM2 5NG, UK.
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4
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Dolcetti R, De Re V, Carbone A, De Vita S, Gloghini A, Tirelli U, Pasquotti B, Boiocchi M. Genotypic and immunohistological demonstration of the progression of an unusual reactive-like B-cell lymphoproliferative disorder to a high grade diffuse lymphoma. Hum Pathol 1995; 26:348-54. [PMID: 7890290 DOI: 10.1016/0046-8177(95)90070-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
In the present study the clinical and pathological evolution of a reactive-like B-cell lymphoproliferative disorder with an unusually high content of T cells is described. Immunogenotypic analysis showed that the same phenotypically atypical B-cell clone, characterized by the unusual presence of an immunoglobulin (Ig)K gene rearrangement, with the heavy chain (IgH) gene in germline configuration, was invariantly present in all phases of the disease. The disorder showed an indolent course for a long period of time during which the clonal B-cell population coexisted with an abundant, reactive T-cell component in different locations of the disease. These findings, together with the observation of spontaneous progression and regression phases of the disorder and its responsiveness to corticosteroids, suggest that functional interactions between the B-cell clone and the polyclonal infiltrating T cells probably were involved in the pathogenesis of the disease. After the administration of the antiblastic treatment, a progressive reduction of the reactive T-cell component was observed with the concomitant evolution to a diffuse large cell (immunoblastic) B-cell lymphoma and the appearance of an IgH gene rearrangement. The biological characteristics and the clinical evolution of the case described here are similar to those reported for the so-called "T-cell-rich B-cell lymphomas" (TCRBCLs). These findings suggest that the T-cell-rich pattern may identify a group of B-cell lymphoproliferations with common pathogenetic mechanisms and clinical behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Dolcetti
- Division of Experimental Oncology, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico, Aviano, Italy
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5
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Devlin B, Krontiris T, Risch N. Population genetics of the HRAS1 minisatellite locus. Am J Hum Genet 1993; 53:1298-305. [PMID: 8250046 PMCID: PMC1682480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Several years ago it was reported that rare HRAS1 VNTR alleles occurred more frequently in U.S. Caucasian cancer patients than in unaffected controls. Such an association, in theory, could be caused by undetected population heterogeneity. Also, in a study clearly relevant to this issue, it was recently reported that significant deviations from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium exist at this locus in a sample of U.S. Caucasians. These considerations motivate our population genetic analysis of the HRAS1 locus. From published studies of the HRAS1 VNTR locus, which classified alleles into types, we found only small differences in the allele frequency distributions of samples from various European nations, although there were larger differences among ethnic groups (African American, Caucasian, and Oriental). In an analysis of variation of rare-allele frequencies among samples from four European nations, most of the variance was attributable to molecular methodology, and very samples from four European nations, most of the variance was attributable to molecular methodology, and very little of the variance was accounted for by nationality. In addition, we showed that mixture of European subpopulations should result in only minor deviations from expected genotype proportions in a Caucasian database and demonstrated that there was no significant deviation from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium in our HRAS1 data.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Devlin
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510
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6
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Krontiris TG, Devlin B, Karp DD, Robert NJ, Risch N. An association between the risk of cancer and mutations in the HRAS1 minisatellite locus. N Engl J Med 1993; 329:517-23. [PMID: 8336750 DOI: 10.1056/nejm199308193290801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 214] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The role of mutations in protooncogenes and their regulatory sequences in the pathogenesis of cancer is under close scrutiny. Minisatellites are unstable repetitive sequences of DNA that are present throughout the human genome. The highly polymorphic HRAS1 minisatellite locus just downstream from the protooncogene H-ras-1 consists of four common progenitor alleles and several dozen rare alleles, which apparently derive from mutations of the progenitors. We previously observed an association of the rare mutant alleles with many forms of cancer, and we undertook the present study to pursue this observation further. METHODS We conducted a case-control study, typing 736 HRAS1 alleles from patients with cancer and 652 from controls by Southern blotting of leukocyte DNA. We also carried out a meta-analysis of this study and 22 other published studies, estimating the relative risk of cancer (such as bladder, breast, or colorectal cancer) when one of the rare HRAS1 alleles was present. RESULTS Both the present case-control study (odds ratio, 1.83; 95 percent confidence interval, 1.28 to 2.67; P = 0.002) and the present study combined with our previous study (odds ratio, 2.07; 95 percent confidence interval, 1.47 to 2.92; P < 0.001), as well as the meta-analysis of all 23 studies (odds ratio, 1.93; 95 percent confidence interval, 1.63 to 2.30; chi-square = 57.58; P < 0.001), replicated our original finding and demonstrated a significant association of rare HRAS1 alleles with cancer. We found significant associations for four types of cancer: carcinomas of the breast, colorectum, and urinary bladder and acute leukemia. We also identified suggestive but not statistically significant associations for cancers of the lung and prostate and for non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. CONCLUSIONS Mutant alleles of the HRAS1 minisatellite locus represent a major risk factor for common types of cancer. Although the relative risk associated with the presence of one rare allele is moderate, the aggregate prevalence of one rare allele is moderate, the aggregate prevalence of this class of mutant alleles implies an extremely important attributable risk: 1 in 11 cancers of the breast, colorectum, and bladder.
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Affiliation(s)
- T G Krontiris
- Department of Medicine, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA
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7
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Bhoite LT, Saranath D, Nair R, Deo MG, Sanghavi V, Mehta A. H-ras-1 restriction fragment length polymorphism in normal individuals and oral cancer patients in India. J Oral Pathol Med 1993; 22:298-302. [PMID: 7901404 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0714.1993.tb01076.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) of the human H-ras-1 gene has been indicated as a marker for detection of individuals at high risk of cancer. We have investigated the association of RFLP at the H-ras-1 locus and susceptibility to oral cancer by Southern hybridization analysis in 77 primary oral tumors and 99 healthy donors. The frequency distribution of the BamHI fragments of H-ras-1 revealed homozygous or heterozygous alleles in the two subpopulations. The heterozygous genotype occurred more frequently in the normal subjects (53%) as compared to the cancer patients (36%). Four common alleles-C1 to C4, were noted predominantly in both groups, with rare alleles detected at a lower frequency. The common allele with 7.6 kb BamHI fragment was significantly higher in normals (10%) than in the tumor population (4%) (P < 0.05). However, a similar distribution of rare alleles in both groups indicated that the presence of rare alleles is not indicative of predisposition to oral cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- L T Bhoite
- Cell & Developmental Pathology Division, Cancer Research Institute, Parel, Bombay, India
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8
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Boiocchi M, De Re V, Gloghini A, Vaccher E, Dolcetti R, Marzotto A, Bertola G, Carbone A. High incidence of monoclonal EBV episomes in Hodgkin's disease and anaplastic large-cell KI-1-positive lymphomas in HIV-1-positive patients. Int J Cancer 1993; 54:53-9. [PMID: 8386709 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.2910540110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
A series of selected lymphoid malignancies (LMs) occurring in Italian HIV-1-infected (HIV+) patients, principally intravenous drug users, was investigated. In addition to small non-cleaved-cell (SNCC) and large-cell immunoblastic (LCI) non-Hodgkin's lymphomas (NHLs), a relatively high occurrence of anaplastic large-cell Ki-I-positive (ALC Ki-I+) lymphomas and Hodgkin's disease (HD) was observed, at variance with other reported series of HIV+ patients. Combined results of in situ hybridization and Southern-blot analyses, in conjunction with immunohistochemical detection of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-encoded latent membrane protein-I (LMP-I), showed an almost complete association of ALC Ki-I+ lymphomas and HD cases with EBV. The neoplastic cells of both these LMs also showed common immunophenotypic features such as frequent absence of B- and T-cell differentiation markers and expression of the Ki-I activation marker, while SNCC and LCI lymphomas were mainly of mature B-cell origin and Ki-I-. The concomitant high incidence of ALC Ki-I+ lymphomas and HD in a specific group of HIV+ patients, their almost complete association with EBV in clonal and episomal form and the great similarity in differentiation, activation and virological markers which they display suggest that these LMs are pathological variants of a continuous spectrum of HIV-I-associated disorders etiopathologically linked to EBV.
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MESH Headings
- Antigens, CD/analysis
- Antigens, Neoplasm/analysis
- Antigens, Viral/analysis
- DNA, Neoplasm/analysis
- DNA-Binding Proteins/analysis
- Epstein-Barr Virus Nuclear Antigens
- Gene Rearrangement, B-Lymphocyte, Heavy Chain
- Gene Rearrangement, B-Lymphocyte, Light Chain
- Gene Rearrangement, beta-Chain T-Cell Antigen Receptor/genetics
- Genes, Immunoglobulin
- HIV Seropositivity/complications
- Herpesvirus 4, Human/genetics
- Herpesvirus 4, Human/immunology
- Hodgkin Disease/complications
- Hodgkin Disease/microbiology
- Humans
- Immunophenotyping
- In Situ Hybridization
- Ki-1 Antigen
- Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse/complications
- Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse/microbiology
- Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, alpha-beta/genetics
- Viral Matrix Proteins/analysis
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Affiliation(s)
- M Boiocchi
- Division of Experimental Oncology, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, Aviano PN, Italy
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9
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O'Briant K, Chrysson N, Hunter V, Tyson F, Tanner M, Daly L, George SL, Berchuck A, Soper J, Fowler W. Ha-ras polymorphisms in epithelial ovarian cancer. Gynecol Oncol 1992; 45:299-302. [PMID: 1351862 DOI: 10.1016/0090-8258(92)90308-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Unusual restriction fragment length polymorphisms (RFLPs) of the Ha-ras locus have been found in DNA from leukocytes and tumor tissue of cancer patients. To determine whether rare alleles would be observed frequently in patients with ovarian cancer, Ha-ras RFLPs were studied in DNA from 42 different ovarian epithelial tumors and from the peripheral blood leukocytes of 76 normal individuals. Four common, seven intermediate, and seven rare alleles were detected overall. Similar fractions of rare alleles were found in DNA from ovarian cancers and from the peripheral blood of normal individuals. Thus, the frequency of unusual Ha-ras RFLPs did not distinguish patients with ovarian cancers from apparently healthy individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- K O'Briant
- Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
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10
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Boiocchi M, De Re V, Dolcetti R, Carbone A, Scarpa A, Menestrina F. Association of Epstein-Barr virus genome with mixed cellularity and cellular phase nodular sclerosis Hodgkin's disease subtypes. Ann Oncol 1992; 3:307-10. [PMID: 1327078 DOI: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.annonc.a058187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Association of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) genome with Hodgkin's disease (HD) histological subtypes was investigated using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR). A highly significant association of EBV genome with the mixed cellularity (MC) subtype (10 positive out of 15 cases; 66%) was observed, suggesting a possible etiopathogenetic role of EBV in the induction of this subset. By contrast, a markedly lower frequency of association with EBV genome was found in nodular sclerosis (NS) (12 positive out of 46 cases; 26%) and in nodular lymphocytic predominance (NLP) (0 positive out of 5 cases) HD subtypes. In addition, in the NS series, the presence of EBV genome was mainly restricted to the 'cellular phase' NS subset. This finding strengthens the possibility, suggested by clinico-pathological features and survival rates, that 'cellular phase NS' is a disease more akin to MC than to typical NS HD.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Boiocchi
- Department of Pathology, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico, Aviano, Italy
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11
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Klingel R, Mittelstaedt P, Dippold WG, Meyer zum Büschenfelde KH. Distribution of Ha-ras alleles in patients with colorectal cancer and Crohn's disease. Gut 1991; 32:1508-13. [PMID: 1685466 PMCID: PMC1379252 DOI: 10.1136/gut.32.12.1508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The allele distribution of the Ha-ras gene on chromosome 11p was analysed by the restriction fragment length polymorphism of the enzymes Mspl/Hpall in 238 individuals. The investigation covered 116 patients with colorectal carcinoma and 122 patients with Crohn's disease, representing two patient populations with the same ethnic origin, one with a malignant and the other a benign disease of the same organ system. A total of 17 different alleles were detected belonging to the common, intermediate, and rare classes according to the original nomenclature of Ha-ras alleles. Patients with Crohn's disease showed no difference in the distribution of Ha-ras alleles when compared with expected frequencies. In patients with colorectal carcinoma, the frequency of rare alleles was significantly increased compared with the patients with Crohn's disease (chi 2 = 8.166; Fisher's exact test = 0.005) and with a reference population of 424 cancer free individuals (chi 2 = 49.312; Fisher's exact test = 0.000). Homozygosity was not detected for any rare allele. The occurrence of a rare Ha-ras allele was not linked to the location of the colorectal tumour. These results confirm the hypothesis that unique Ha-ras alleles represent an inherited factor which predisposes the development of colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Klingel
- First Department of Internal Medicine, University of Mainz, Federal Republic of Germany
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12
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Carbone A, Gloghini A, De Re V, Tamaro P, Boiocchi M, Volpe R. Histopathologic, immunophenotypic, and genotypic analysis of Ki-1 anaplastic large cell lymphomas that express histiocyte-associated antigens. Cancer 1990; 66:2547-56. [PMID: 2174301 DOI: 10.1002/1097-0142(19901215)66:12<2547::aid-cncr2820661217>3.0.co;2-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
CD30/Ki-1 antigen expression in 243 cases of malignant lymphomas was examined using Ber-H2 monoclonal antibody. Among them 20 cases were categorized as Ki-1 anaplastic large cell lymphoma. In two of these cases histiocyte-associated markers were also expressed. In these cases histopathologic and extensive in situ immunophenotypic analyses were used with genotypic studies in the determination of cell lineage. A sinusoid histologic pattern of involvement with partial lymph node infiltration by pleomorphic neoplastic cells was noticed in the nodes from both patients. Solid areas of node replacement resembling metastatic carcinoma were seen in Patient 1. Immunohistologically, tumor cells of both cases were positive for CD30, CD25, CD71, LN3 (HLA-DR), EMA, CD45, CD74, vimentin, alpha-1-antichymotrypsin, and CD68. Patient 1 was also CD45RO+, CD43+, whereas Patient 2 was positive for alpha-1-antitrypsin and CD4 tumor cells. Genotypic studies revealed that TCR beta and TCR gamma chain genes were clonally rearranged in Patient 1, whereas no rearrangements were detected in Patient 2. This study supports the view that some Ki-1 anaplastic large cell lymphomas may express multiple histiocyte-associated antigens and confirms that this group of neoplasms have immunophenotypic heterogeneity. The results of genotypic analyses used with immunophenotyping does not exclude that the tumor cells in these cases may be of true histiocytic origin despite the Ki-1-positive phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Carbone
- Division of Pathology, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico, Aviano, Italy
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13
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Carbone A, Pinto A, Gloghini A, De Re V, Alosi M, Zagonel V, Tirelli U, Attadia V, Boiocchi M, Volpe R. Report of an unusual small lymphocytic B-cell lymphoma selectively involving the B-zone of lymph node. Cancer 1990; 66:302-12. [PMID: 2196112 DOI: 10.1002/1097-0142(19900715)66:2<302::aid-cncr2820660218>3.0.co;2-q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Selective involvement of the B-cell compartment of lymph node by B-cell malignant lymphomas is an occasional finding related to early phases of lymph node infiltration. The authors have observed a unique case of diffuse small lymphocytic lymphoma that consisted of immunohistologically and genotypically proven B-clonal population exhibiting a repetitive pattern of infiltration in three lymph node samples obtained from the patient during a 9-year period. This pattern consisted of a selective and complete replacement of the B-areas with disappearance of follicles and widening of the medullary cords, an expanded T-zone showing features consistent with dermatopathic lymphadenitis and well-preserved sinuses. Clinically, multiple involved sites at presentation (lymph nodes, spleen, skin, bone marrow, and peripheral blood) and during the 9-year follow-up (testis) were detected, and the disease was associated with a relative indolent course like other low-grade lymphomas. The phenotypic profile of lymphoma cells studied by immunoperoxidase method, and by single-labeling and double-labeling flow cytometric analyses (SIg+, K+, LN2+, MB1+, MB2+, HLA-DR+, CD 9+, CD19+, CD 20+, CD 21+, CD 22+, CD 24+, Leu 8+, CD 5-, CD 10-, CD 11b-, CD 11c-, CD 25-, CD 38-, PCA-1-, FMC-7-, CD 23-) was consistent with a B-cell proliferation at an intermediate stage of differentiation but distinct from other well-defined B-cell neoplasms. Whether such unique B-zone pattern was due to an intrinsic property of this lymphoma or it is to be related to the coexisting reactive T-zone expansion remains controversial.
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MESH Headings
- Antibodies, Monoclonal
- Antigens, CD/analysis
- B-Lymphocytes/immunology
- B-Lymphocytes/pathology
- B-Lymphocytes/ultrastructure
- Flow Cytometry
- Fluorescent Antibody Technique
- Gene Rearrangement
- Humans
- Immunoenzyme Techniques
- Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell/immunology
- Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell/pathology
- Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell/ultrastructure
- Lymph Nodes/immunology
- Lymph Nodes/pathology
- Lymph Nodes/ultrastructure
- Male
- Middle Aged
- Phenotype
- Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell/analysis
- Skin Neoplasms/immunology
- Skin Neoplasms/pathology
- Skin Neoplasms/ultrastructure
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Affiliation(s)
- A Carbone
- Division of Pathology, Centro di Riferimento, Oncologico, Aviano, Italy
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14
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Boiocchi M, Carbone A, De Re V, Dolcetti R, Volpe R, Tirelli U. AIDS-related B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphomas in direct blood-stream HIV-infected patients: pathogenesis and differentiation features. Int J Cancer 1990; 45:883-8. [PMID: 2159439 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.2910450518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Six AIDS-related NHLs from direct blood-stream HIV-infected patients were characterized for clonality, maturation cell characteristics, activation of c-myc proto-oncogene and presence of HIV and EBV genomes. Four out of the 6 AIDS-related NHLs were of immature B-cell origin, contrasting with the lower frequency (2 out of 31) of immature B-cell NHLs occurring in HIV-negative patients. Moreover, 3 out of the 4 AIDS-related pre-B-NHLs were extranodal lymphomas. C-myc translocations or rearrangements were not found in Italian AIDS-related NHLs, unlike c-myc activation which had a high prevalence in the American series of AIDS-related NHLs. HIV and EBV are not, or only occasionally, directly involved in AIDS-related NHL pathogenesis since HIV genome has never been found in the neoplastic clones and EBV genome was detected in only 1 out of the 6 lymphomas analyzed.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Boiocchi
- Division of Experimental Oncology I, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico, Aviano, Italy
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15
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Saranath D, Panchal RG, Nair R, Mehta AR, Sanghavi V, Deo MG. Restriction fragment length polymorphism of the L-myc gene in oral cancer patients. Br J Cancer 1990; 61:530-3. [PMID: 1970484 PMCID: PMC1971348 DOI: 10.1038/bjc.1990.119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) of the L-myc gene was examined in DNAs from primary tumour tissues and peripheral blood cells (PBC) of 76 Indian patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the oral cavity, and PBC from 101 normal healthy volunteers. The patients and the normal healthy volunteers were classified into three genetic types according to the polymorphic patterns defined by the two alleles (6.6 kb, S fragment; and 10.0 kb, L fragment). DNA isolated from the PBC of each patient always exhibited the same pattern of L-myc alleles as that observed for the corresponding tumour DNA. However, a striking correlation was found between the RFLP pattern and the stage of differentiation of the tumours, as well as the size of the tumour. Thus, a preponderance of the S fragment was observed in the poor to moderately differentiated tumours and the larger (greater than 4 cm) sized tumours. Further, analysis of L-myc RFLP with the clinical pattern of the malignancy showed no significant correlation with nodal metastasis, TNM staging or recurrence of the tumour. The relative ratios of the three genotypes (L-L, L-S, S-S) in the oral cancer patients were not significantly different from those seen in the healthy Indians, implying no predisposition to oral cancer by either allele. However, our results showed that oral cancer patients with a genotype including an S fragment are more likely to develop a poor to moderately differentiated tumour or a larger tumour than a patient without an S fragment. The L and S alleles were equally distributed in the population, with the frequency of each allele being 0.50, consistent with Hardy-Weinberg's law.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Saranath
- Cell and Developmental Pathology Division, Cancer Research Institute, Bombay, India
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16
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Chen S, Qian G, Chen J, Wang D, Zhang Y, Kong L, Zhao H, He Y, Wang X, Xue J, Qian X, Yu L, Wang L. A study of the structure and the expression of protooncogenes in human primary gastric cancer. Chin J Cancer Res 1990. [DOI: 10.1007/bf02683514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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17
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Carbone A, Gloghini A, Volpe R, Boiocchi M. Anti-vimentin antibody reactivity with Reed-Sternberg cells of Hodgkin's disease. VIRCHOWS ARCHIV. A, PATHOLOGICAL ANATOMY AND HISTOPATHOLOGY 1990; 417:43-8. [PMID: 1694331 DOI: 10.1007/bf01600108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
There are few data on the reactivity of Reed-Sternberg (RS) cells with antibodies against vimentin. In a preliminary survey of biopsy specimens from 16 cases of Hodgkin's disease (HD), we found that the antivimentin (V9) monoclonal antibody stained RS cells in 6 cases. We therefore examined vimentin expression on RS cells immunohistologically in 38 Bouin-fixed and paraffin-embedded lymph nodes with HD [lymphocyte predominance (LP) 4; nodular sclerosis (NS) 23; mixed cellularity (MC) 7; lymphocyte depletion (LD) 4]. The results were correlated with the histopathological features, the immunohistological phenotype of the RS cells, and the findings obtained from molecular genetics studies (available in 13 cases). RS cells were found to express strong and diffuse cytoplasmic staining for vimentin in 13 cases, all of the NS subtype. No differences in antigenic expression on RS cells were found between the vimentin-positive and negative cases within the NS subtype. DNA analysis revealed no B- or T-cell clonal populations in the tested samples. The results indicated that RS cells were immunostained by anti-vimentin (V9) antibody with a relatively high frequency, but only in the NS subtype of HD. This subtype, however, was heterogeneous according to vimentin immunostaining on RS cells. The significance of this finding concerning the RS cell origin in this subset is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Carbone
- Division of Pathology, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico, Aviano, Italy
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18
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Hayward NK, Nancarrow DJ, Parsons PG, Kidson C, Ellem KA. TaqI polymorphism within the c-Ha-ras-1 VTR is associated with melanoma. Hum Genet 1989; 83:395-6. [PMID: 2572539 DOI: 10.1007/bf00291388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- N K Hayward
- Queensland Institute of Medical Research, Herston, Australia
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19
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Kasperczyk A, Mermer BA, Parkinson DR, Lonergan JA, Krontiris TG. Allele-specific deletion in exon I of the HRAS1 gene. Am J Hum Genet 1989; 45:689-96. [PMID: 2573274 PMCID: PMC1683440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
We have detected a 6-bp deletion in the untranslated first exon of a unique HRAS1 gene cloned from lymphocyte DNA of a familial melanoma patient. The deletion is without apparent functional consequence. Using an RNase protection assay, we have demonstrated the deletion in leukocyte DNAs of individuals unrelated to the patient. In these cases, the deletion marker is specifically associated with one class of common HRAS1 allele, thereby establishing the origin of the unique allele. We discuss the means by which DNA sequence heterogeneity at other loci may be rapidly analyzed.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Kasperczyk
- Department of Medicine (Hematology/Oncology), New England Medical Center Hospitals, Boston, MA 02111
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20
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Baxter GD, Hayward NK, Collins RJ, Lavin MF. Origin of rare Ha-ras alleles: relationship of VTR length to a 5' polymorphic Xho I site. Genet Res (Camb) 1989; 54:149-53. [PMID: 2558964 DOI: 10.1017/s0016672300028524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Amongst the four common Ha-ras alleles in both controls and cancer patients, we detected the presence of a polymorphic Xho I site associated specifically with the 6.6 and 7.7 kb Bam HI fragments but absent from the 7.1 and 8.2 kb alleles, as recently reported by others. We have extended this study and report here, the consistent appearance of this Xho I site in unusual alleles close in size to the two common alleles of 6.6 and 7.7 kb, in control lymphoblastoid DNA samples in a variety of tumor DNAs. Unusual alleles grouped around the 7.1 and 8.2 kb common alleles on the other hand, did not possess the Xho I site. The consistent presence of the Xho I site polymorphism, in the unusual Ha-ras alleles surrounding the 6.6 and 7.7 kb common alleles and its absence in alleles around the 7.1 and 8.2 kb common alleles, suggests that the unusual ones are derived from the corresponding common alleles to which they are closest in size.
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21
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Barkardóttir RB, Jóhannsson OT, Arason A, Gudnason V, Egilsson V. Polymorphism of the c-Ha-ras-1 proto-oncogene in sporadic and familial breast cancer. Int J Cancer 1989; 44:251-5. [PMID: 2668204 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.2910440211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Two studies on breast cancer patients are described. Our aim was to examine whether the combined frequency of rare c-Ha-ras-1 alleles in cancer patients was raised. Firstly, the c-Ha-ras-1 locus in 56 breast cancer patients and 48 controls was examined for restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) by Southern blot analysis of leukocyte DNA. Four predominant allelic fragments were found in both groups together with a variety of rare alleles. The 2 groups did not differ significantly in overall distribution of c-Ha-ras-1 alleles. Rare alleles combined were about as frequent in cases (7.1%) as in controls (6.3%). Secondly, 53 members of 3 families having a high incidence of breast cancer were c-Ha-ras-1 genotyped. None of 10 affected members was found to carry a rare c-Ha-ras-1 allele. The only c-Ha-ras-1 allele common to 11 affected members was a 6.8-kb allele which is found in 72% of the controls. Furthermore, this allele was found with equal frequency in affected and non-affected family members.
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Affiliation(s)
- R B Barkardóttir
- Department of Pathology, University Hospital of Iceland, Reykjavík
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22
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Elliott BE, Carlow DA, Rodricks AM, Wade A. Perspectives on the role of MHC antigens in normal and malignant cell development. Adv Cancer Res 1989; 53:181-245. [PMID: 2678947 DOI: 10.1016/s0065-230x(08)60282-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- B E Elliott
- Department of Pathology, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
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23
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24
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Knyazev PG, Nikiforova IF, Serova OM, Novikov LB, Pluzhnikova GF, Abramov AM, Seitz JF. Restriction fragment length polymorphism of the c-Ha-ras-1 proto-oncogene as a marker of genome alterations and susceptibility to the development of some human carcinomas. HAEMATOLOGY AND BLOOD TRANSFUSION 1989; 32:433-5. [PMID: 2576239 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-642-74621-5_75] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- P G Knyazev
- N.N. Petrov Research Institute of Oncology, USSR Ministry of Health, Leningrad
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25
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Carbone A, De Re V, Gloghini A, Volpe R, Tavian M, Tirelli U, Monfardini S, Boiocchi M. Immunoglobulin and T cell receptor gene rearrangements and in situ immunophenotyping in lymphoproliferative disorders. VIRCHOWS ARCHIV. A, PATHOLOGICAL ANATOMY AND HISTOPATHOLOGY 1989; 414:223-30. [PMID: 2538956 DOI: 10.1007/bf00822026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
We investigated for rearrangements of the immunoglobulin (Ig) heavy and light chain genes and of the T cell receptor gamma (TCR gamma) and beta (TCR beta) genes 45 biopsy samples from a variety of lymphoproliferative disorders. They were diagnosed histopathologically and immunophenotypically as non-Hodgkin's lymphomas (NHLs) of the B cell type (19 cases), NHLs of the T cell type (3 cases), NHLs of "undetermined" cell type (3 cases), atypical lymphoid proliferation (1 case) and AIDS-related lymphadenopathies with florid polyclonal follicular hyperplasia (19 cases). A monoclonal proliferation of B cells was shown by DNA analysis in all 19 B cell NHLs. In two immunohistologically determined T cell NHLs (both diagnosed as mycosis fungoides) the cells had rearrangements of TCR beta gene, whereas in the third case (lymphoblastic NHL) the cells had rearrangements of Ig heavy chain and TCR gamma and TCR beta genes. None of the B cell NHLs exhibited TCR gamma and TCR beta gene rearrangement bands. All the "undetermined" cell NHLs demonstrated rearrangements of Ig heavy chain gene associated with the germ line TCR gamma and TCR beta genes; in two cases light chain gene rearrangements were also found. The atypical lymphoid proliferation, in which the differential diagnosis was between a reactive or malignant process, and two out of 19 cases of florid polyclonal follicular hyperplasia showed a clonal B cell population by DNA analysis. This study indicates that there was a strong correlation between the rearrangements of specific genes and the immunophenotype of the NHL; moreover, DNA analysis of tissue biopsy specimens from phenotypically "undetermined" cell NHLs and from equivocal lymphoid proliferation using Ig and TCR gene probes yielded an answer in the cases analyzed. The significance of clonal B cell expansions found in two AIDS-related lymphadenopathies should be interpreted with caution.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Carbone
- Division of Pathology, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico, Aviano, Italy
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26
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Abstract
We have assessed the possibility that rare allelic variants of the c-Ha-ras-1 locus may be linked to a susceptibility to malignancy [1]. c-Ha-ras-1 genotypes were scored in 41 patients with myelodysplasia (MDS), 51 patients with acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) and 52 normal subjects. The incidence of rare alleles in the MDS patients was 4.8% and in AML an incidence of 15.7% was found. No rare alleles were found in the normal subjects. We conclude that rare alleles in MDS are not a common predisposing factor.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Carter
- Department of Haematology, University of Wales College of Medicine, Cardiff, U.K
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